AIDS reviews最新文献_第10页

Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy during Primary HIV Infection: Effects on the Latent HIV Reservoir, Including on Analytic Treatment Interruptions. 在原发性 HIV 感染期间开始抗逆转录病毒治疗：对潜伏 HIV 储库的影响，包括对分析治疗中断的影响。

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.20000001

Eva M Shelton, Daniel B Reeves, Rachel A Bender Ignacio

{"title":"Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy during Primary HIV Infection: Effects on the Latent HIV Reservoir, Including on Analytic Treatment Interruptions.","authors":"Eva M Shelton, Daniel B Reeves, Rachel A Bender Ignacio","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.20000001","DOIUrl":"10.24875/AIDSRev.20000001","url":null,"abstract":"Antiretroviral therapy (ART) inhibits HIV replication but does not eradicate the latent reservoir. The previous research suggests that earlier ART initiation provides benefit on limiting reservoir size, but timing and extent of this effect remain unclear. Analytic treatment interruption (ATI) may be used to demonstrate HIV remission, but whether early ART also improves likelihood or duration of even temporary virologic remission is unclear. This review seeks to answer both questions. We performed a systematic review and analysis following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines and included 21 interventional or observational studies with sufficient HIV reservoir outcomes. We also aggregated reservoir outcomes and transformed data into approximate measurements of total HIV DNA per million peripheral blood mononuclear cells and analyzed the correlation between timing of ART initiation and reservoir size. People living with HIV who initiate ART in primary infection maintain smaller reservoirs on suppressive ART than those who initiate treatment during chronic infection. The reduction of reservoir is most pronounced when ART is started within 2 weeks of HIV acquisition. Across studies, we found a moderately strong association between longer time to ART initiation and reservoir size, which was strongest when measured after 1 year on ART (Pearson's r = 0.69, p = 0.0003). After ATI, larger pre-ATI reservoir size predicts shorter time to viral rebound. Early ART may also facilitate long-term control of viremia. Although achieving sustained HIV remission will require further interventions, initiating ART very early in infection could limit the extent of the reservoir and also lead to post-ATI control in rare cases.","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7987773/pdf/nihms-1641850.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40544495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hepatitis Delta Virus Epidemiology in the Industrialized World. 工业化国家的丁型肝炎病毒流行病学。

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.20000056

Mehlika Toy, Emel Ahishali, Cihan Yurdaydın

{"title":"Hepatitis Delta Virus Epidemiology in the Industrialized World.","authors":"Mehlika Toy, Emel Ahishali, Cihan Yurdaydın","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.20000056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.20000056","url":null,"abstract":"Within the hepatitis virus landscape, one incomplete virus, the hepatitis delta virus (HDV), appears to differ from hepatitis B and C viruses in the context as it still may not infrequently lead to complications of chronic liver disease and continues to be associated with significant liver-related mortality even when patients have received available treatment for it. Breakthrough therapies are so far lacking for HDV-infected patients and treatment has not changed since the discovery of HDV in 1977 and consists mainly of interferons. While there was little interest on the global epidemiology of HDV until recently, this has changed in the past 2 years and we are currently observing a stream of papers on the global epidemiology of HDV and commentaries about why prevalence estimates appear to differ so dramatically. This may be related to the fact that reliable data are not available for most of the countries. However, in the industrialized world, data on the epidemiology of HDV are expected to be of better overall quality. Hence, this review was undertaken to provide a detailed overview on the epidemiology of HDV infection in industrialized countries using data from representative larger countries. In industrialized countries, with maybe the exception of China, HDV infection is a disease of high-risk groups. Migrant groups and people who inject drugs are the most encountered high-risk groups. This review summarizes the dynamics of their contribution to the HDV epidemiology in industrialized countries of the west and the east.","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38532674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Research Progress of HIV-1 Nef Inhibitors. HIV-1 Nef抑制剂的研究进展

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.20000050

Yanhan Lv, Yuanxi Meng, Jiaqian Zhong, Junhui Wan, Wei Zou

引用次数: 3

Fertility Desire in HIV/AIDS Research During 1992-2019: A Systematic Text Mining of Global Literature. 1992-2019年HIV/AIDS研究中的生育欲望:全球文献的系统文本挖掘

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.20000026

Giang Hai Ha, Hai T Phan, Giang T Vu, Bach X Tran, Carl A Latkin, Roger C M Ho, Cyrus S H Ho

{"title":"Fertility Desire in HIV/AIDS Research During 1992-2019: A Systematic Text Mining of Global Literature.","authors":"Giang Hai Ha, Hai T Phan, Giang T Vu, Bach X Tran, Carl A Latkin, Roger C M Ho, Cyrus S H Ho","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.20000026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.20000026","url":null,"abstract":"There has been an increase of fertility desire among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH) thanks to the advancement of HIV treatment and prevention of mother-to-children transmission programs. However, the development of research focusing on this topic over the past three decades is not well documented. We aimed to explore the trend of global publications regarding fertility desires among PLWH and identify their contents through the natural language processing technique. Dataset from 1992 to 2019 was downloaded using the Web of Science Core Collection. Bibliometric indicators such as change in total publications, citations, and countries' collaboration were examined. Main topics of selected publications were determined using the latent Dirichlet allocation. There were 303 articles published during the period 1992-2019, with a rapid increase in the number of publications in the past 5 years. Common themes included determinants of fertility desire, HIV prevention for adolescents, and safer conception for couples affected with HIV. However, publications on HIV care and antenatal care for women with HIV had been still limited. Findings suggested a call for the future support and collaborations for fertility intention, as well as the promotion of HIV care and service for adolescents and pregnant women with HIV, especially in countries with poor resources and a high burden of HIV/AIDS.","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38633587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Global Mapping of Interventions to Improve the Quality of Life of People Living with HIV/AIDS: Implications for Priority Settings. 改善艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者生活质量的干预措施全球制图:对优先设置的影响。

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.20000135

Bach X Tran, Giang T Vu, Giang H Ha, Hai T Phan, Carl A Latkin, Cyrus S H-Ho, Roger C M- Ho

{"title":"Global Mapping of Interventions to Improve the Quality of Life of People Living with HIV/AIDS: Implications for Priority Settings.","authors":"Bach X Tran, Giang T Vu, Giang H Ha, Hai T Phan, Carl A Latkin, Cyrus S H-Ho, Roger C M- Ho","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.20000135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.20000135","url":null,"abstract":"Enhancing the quality of life (QOL) of people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA) has become a significant global health goal, as combination antiretroviral therapy has helped to transform HIV/AIDS from a fatal illness to chronic disease. In this study, we aim to comprehensively describe the growth of research publications and the development of research landscapes regarding interventions to improve QOL among PLWH, as well as to characterize interdisciplinary topics and emerging interests of the research community. English articles and reviews published from 1991 to 2018 concerning interventions to improve QOL among PLWHA were retrieved from the Web of Science. Collaboration among organizations sharing coauthorships and co-occurrence network of authors' keywords was illustrated through network graphs. Latent Dirichlet Allocation was used for classifying papers into corresponding topics. A total of 2304 publications were included in the study. The USA continues to lead in research productivity, followed by South Africa, China, and India. Emerging research themes were found to be the application of multilevel interventions and long-term care, rehabilitation, along with topics relating to mental health issues, behavioral therapy and social supports for patients receiving treatments, and application of e-health approaches in designing and implementing interventions. There has been, however, a modest appearance of topics covering local, cultural, and environmental contexts of interventions. The findings of the study suggest expanding the coverage of psychosocial, behavioral, and contextualized interventions, increasing the involvement of family and community, improving the effectiveness of technology-based and e-health interventions, and developing strategies for lifelong treatment of HIV/AIDS.","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40455012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Drug-drug Interactions in Patients with HIV and Cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa. 撒哈拉以南非洲艾滋病毒和癌症患者的药物相互作用。

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.20000005

Jonathan D Strope, Sarah E Lochrin, Tristan M Sissung, Ravie Kem, Prabha Chandrasekaran, Elad Sharon, Douglas K Price, Thomas S Uldrick, Robert Yarchoan, William D Figg

{"title":"Drug-drug Interactions in Patients with HIV and Cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa.","authors":"Jonathan D Strope, Sarah E Lochrin, Tristan M Sissung, Ravie Kem, Prabha Chandrasekaran, Elad Sharon, Douglas K Price, Thomas S Uldrick, Robert Yarchoan, William D Figg","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.20000005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.20000005","url":null,"abstract":"In Sub-Saharan Africa, the cancer burden is predicted to increase by > 85% by 2030, the largest increase worldwide. This region has a large HIV-positive population. Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) from concomitant use of multiple drugs increase the risk of drug toxicities, sub-optimal therapy, and drug resistance. With the increase in polypharmacy, involving antiretroviral (ARV), and anticancer drugs, there is a greater need for an appreciation of clinically relevant DDIs. Anticancer and ARV drugs studied in this review were from The World Health Organization's Model List of Essential Medicines 2017. We reviewed; drug package inserts, www.drugbank.ca and www.UpToDate.com, to evaluate pharmacokinetic interactions with cytochrome P450 (CYP450) and ABCB1. The DDIs between drugs were assessed using the University Of Liverpool, UK HIV Drug Interactions Checker, and the LexiComp Drug Interaction tool of www.UpToDate.com. About 70% of ARVs studied interact with CYP450, all involve CYP3A4, and 55% interact with ABCB1. About 65% of anticancer drugs interact with CYP450, 44% of which do so through CYP3A4. About 75% of anticancer drugs interact with ARV drugs, with nine absolute contraindications to concomitant therapy. There exist a substantial number of DDIs between ARV and anticancer drugs, primarily mediated through CYP450 enzymes. Dolutegravir based regimens offer the safest DDI profile for concurrent use with anticancer drugs. However, there are substantial gaps in our knowledge, and this study serves to highlight the need for additional research to better define these interactions and their effect on drug exposure, as attention to these DDIs is a relatively simple intervention that could lead to optimizing disease treatment.","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40555418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

HIV Gene Therapy Strategies and Safety: What do we know from the Recent Publications? HIV基因治疗策略和安全性:我们从最近的出版物中了解到什么?

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.20000008

Silvere D Zaongo, Huan Xia, Ping Ma

引用次数: 5

The Resurgence of Medical Ethics During the Coronavirus Disease (COVID)-19 Outbreak. 冠状病毒病(COVID -19)爆发期间医学伦理的复苏。

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2020-07-08 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.M20000034

Rafael Del Río, Joaquín de Ojeda, Vicente Soriano

引用次数: 6

Pre-exposure Prophylaxis in HIV Research: A Latent Dirichlet Allocation Analysis (GAPRESEARCH). HIV暴露前预防研究:一个潜在的狄利克雷分配分析(GAPRESEARCH)。

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2020-07-08 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.20000131

Bach X Tran, Hai T Phan, Quang N Nguyen, Olagoke A Ewedairo, Giang T Vu, Giang H Ha, Thao P Nguyen, Carl A Latkin, Cyrus S H Ho, Roger C M Ho

{"title":"Pre-exposure Prophylaxis in HIV Research: A Latent Dirichlet Allocation Analysis (GAPRESEARCH).","authors":"Bach X Tran, Hai T Phan, Quang N Nguyen, Olagoke A Ewedairo, Giang T Vu, Giang H Ha, Thao P Nguyen, Carl A Latkin, Cyrus S H Ho, Roger C M Ho","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.20000131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.20000131","url":null,"abstract":"Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has been shown to be an effective approach to prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections; however, implementation of the service remains challenging. This global bibliometric analysis aims to describe the current trends in HIV research prevention through PrEP to reveal the potential gaps of knowledge and to put forward recommendations for future research. A bibliometric analysis was conducted through Web of Science from 1990 to 2017. Exploratory factor analysis was also employed to find research domains emerging from the abstracts' contents. Latent Dirichlet allocation, which is a topic modeling algorithm, was utilized to perform text mining and determine relationships among text documents. A total of 4852 papers regarding HIV PrEP research were retrieved. The number of papers and their impact has significantly increased. Preventing sexual transmissions, improving access, and quality of health-care services for current users, as well as men who have sex with men, pregnant women and children, were the research domains most related to PrEP. We found a data gap in research regarding sex workers, potential side effects of PrEP, and misjudgment toward PrEP users. Despite the growth in research about HIV PrEP, there exist barriers to scaling up the implementation of PrEP worldwide and for such intervention to reach its fWull potential. International research collaboration efforts to investigate the potential safety concerns of PrEP and develop strategies to eliminate social misjudgment against PrEP users are warranted. Addressing these knowledge gaps might facilitate the development of effective global implementation strategies for PrEP in the future.","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37743239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

COVID-19 Comes 40 Years After AIDS - Any Lesson? COVID-19比艾滋病晚了40年——有什么教训吗?

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2020-07-08 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.M20000030

Vicente Soriano, Pablo Barreiro, José Manuel Ramos, José M Eirós, Carmen de Mendoza

{"title":"COVID-19 Comes 40 Years After AIDS - Any Lesson?","authors":"Vicente Soriano, Pablo Barreiro, José Manuel Ramos, José M Eirós, Carmen de Mendoza","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.M20000030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.M20000030","url":null,"abstract":"The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has hit health-care systems and societies in an unprecedented manner. In 1981, the first cases of AIDS were reported and wide diagnostic testing helped to characterize high-risk groups and the global burden of the epidemic. With Coronavirus Disease (COVID)-19, everything has happened too fast and both cases and fatalities are huge but still uncertain in most places. Diagnostic testing of active and past SARS-CoV-2 infections needs to expand rapidly, ideally using rapid tests. COVID-19 deaths are highly concentrated in the elderly population, with a large proportion of fatalities being \"with\" rather than \"by\" SARS-CoV-2 infection. They are often the result of inadequate health care due to overwhelming demands. To date, there is no specific therapy for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Several antivirals are being tested clinically, including remdesivir, at this time the most promising. For others such as lopinavir/ritonavir, neither significant virological nor clinical benefit has been shown. Given the characteristic pulmonary cytokine storm underlying the pathogenic mechanism of severe COVID-19 pneumonia and acute respiratory distress, antiinflammatory agents are being investigated. The benefit of orticosteroids, hydroxychloroquine, etc., is limited. Monoclonal antibodies targeting different pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tocilizumab, an anti-interleukin 6 agent, are being tried with encouraging results. Ultimately a protective vaccine will be the best response for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.24875/AIDSRev.M20000030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37940798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3