AIDS reviews最新文献_第10页

Unveiling Long COVID-19 Disease. 揭示长期COVID-19疾病。

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2020-12-23 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.M20000039

Vicente Soriano, Pilar Ganado-Pinilla, Miguel Sánchez-Santos, Pablo Barreiro

引用次数: 8

Course of Disease and Clinical Outcome of Infective Endocarditis in HIV-infected Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. hiv感染者感染性心内膜炎的病程和临床结果:一项系统综述和荟萃分析。

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2020-12-23 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.19000117

Joris Bos, Christiaan F J Antonides, Roos E Barth, Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch, Ruchika Meel, Alinda G Vos

{"title":"Course of Disease and Clinical Outcome of Infective Endocarditis in HIV-infected Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Joris Bos, Christiaan F J Antonides, Roos E Barth, Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch, Ruchika Meel, Alinda G Vos","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.19000117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.19000117","url":null,"abstract":"Infective endocarditis (IE) causes substantial morbidity and mortality if untreated. The clinical course of IE might be different in HIV-positive patients as a result of immune dysfunction. This systematic review investigates the clinical course of IE in HIV-positive compared to HIV-negative patients. A systematic search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42016048649). All articles from 1996 and onward addressing the clinical outcome of HIV-positive adults suffering from IE were reviewed and included based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A meta-analysis was performed for the outcome mortality. Twenty-three articles were included of which eight included HIVpositive patients only, and 15 compared HIV-positive to HIV-negative patients. Two studies included patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART). HIV and intravenous drug use (IVDU) were closely related. Mortality was higher in HIV-positive patients with a CD4 count below 200 cells/μl than in HIV-positive patients with a higher CD4 count, while mortality was similar for HIV-positive compared to HIV-negative patients (risk ratio = 0.86 [95% confidence interval: 0.53-1.40]). No difference was found in length of hospital stay or rehospitalization. Clinical outcomes were strongly related to the right- or left-sided endocarditis. The clinical course of IE is not different for patients with and without HIV. Clinical outcomes were mainly associated with other factors, such as IVDU and side of cardiac involvement, rather than HIV status.","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38784567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Combinatorial Strategies for Long-term Control of HIV Infection. 长期控制HIV感染的组合策略。

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2020-12-23 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.19000128

Daekee Kwon, Mi-Jung Han, Kwang-Won Seo, Kyung-Sun Kang

引用次数: 0

Coinfection of Tuberculosis and HIV in Nigeria: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. 尼日利亚结核病和艾滋病合并感染：系统综述和荟萃分析。

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.20000068

Eleazar E Reward, Anthony C Ike, Sophia O Muo, Busola F Soga-Oke, Emmanuel M Mbaawuaga

{"title":"Coinfection of Tuberculosis and HIV in Nigeria: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Eleazar E Reward, Anthony C Ike, Sophia O Muo, Busola F Soga-Oke, Emmanuel M Mbaawuaga","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.20000068","DOIUrl":"10.24875/AIDSRev.20000068","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV/AIDS are major public health issues globally. The burden of these diseases is particularly significant in Nigeria due to the high TB and HIV/AIDS prevalence. This meta-analysis for the 1st time addressed the TB/HIV coinfection prevalence in Nigeria at the regional level. A total of 58 relevant publications comprising 80 studies (n = 44,508) were obtained from PUBMED, ScienceDirect, African Journals Online, and Cochrane Library databases using carefully constructed keywords combinations. The PRISMA guideline was followed for this meta-analysis. Two independent reviewers conducted the publication screening, data extraction and methodological quality appraisal with a third reviewer serving as arbitrator. The pooled estimates were calculated using the random effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q and I 2 statistic. Univariate and multivariate meta-regressions were done to predict sources of between-study heterogeneity. Overall, the pooled prevalence of TB/HIV coinfection was 25.8%. The highest coinfection prevalence of 34.3% was recorded among the North Central States of Nigeria, while the least prevalence of 19.3% was recorded among the Southeastern states of Nigeria. There was a paucity of published articles from the Northeastern states of Nigeria. There was a significant heterogeneity between studies (I2 > 90%, p < 0.001), but meta-regression analysis only explained < 10% of it. This study has shown that the prevalence of TB/HIV coinfection remains significantly high in Nigeria. Constant surveillance should be rigorously implemented with special attention given to the Northeast due to the ongoing crises that are compounding the problem.","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38659870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effect of Successful Antiretroviral Therapy on Immune Activation and Reconstitution in HIV Infected Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 成功的抗逆转录病毒治疗对HIV感染成人免疫激活和重建的影响:系统回顾和荟萃分析

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.20000039

Tawanda M Nyambuya, Phiwayinkosi V Dludla, Vuyolwethu Mxinwa, Bongani B Nkambule

{"title":"The Effect of Successful Antiretroviral Therapy on Immune Activation and Reconstitution in HIV Infected Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Tawanda M Nyambuya, Phiwayinkosi V Dludla, Vuyolwethu Mxinwa, Bongani B Nkambule","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.20000039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.20000039","url":null,"abstract":"We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the impact of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on immune activation and reconstitution in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH). The PubMed electronic database and gray literature were searched from inception until March 2020. Studies were included if they reported the levels of immune activation and reconstitution at baseline and post-treatment. The random-effect model was used to calculate effect sizes. We included a total of ten studies comprising of 1 553 PLWH with an average age of 38.02 ± 10.10 years and a male/female ratio of 3.76. Pooled estimates showed a modest increase in the level of immune activation post-treatment (SMD: 0.64 [95% CI: -1.34, 2.63]; I2 = 98%, pH < 0.00001). In addition, treatment with ART significantly reconstituted the immune system (SMD: 0.70 [95% CI: 0.27, 1.44]; I2 = 68%, pH = 0.009). Notably, the level of immune reconstitution was independent of viral load or the treatment duration but dependent on the class of ARV drugs. Consequently, protease inhibitors were associated with the highest degree of immune restoration, followed by chemokine antagonists and lastly integrase inhibitors. In conclusion, immune activation persists in PLWH despite viral suppression and the degree of immune reconstitution is dependent on the drug class. Therefore, inclusion of protease inhibitors in ART may be of great benefit in immune restoration in patients with very low CD4 count.","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40544484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Effect of Vitamin D, Selenium, or Zinc Supplementation in HIV: A Systematic Review. 补充维生素D、硒或锌对HIV的影响：系统综述。

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.20000126

Ibukun Kayode, U. Anaba

{"title":"Effect of Vitamin D, Selenium, or Zinc Supplementation in HIV: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Ibukun Kayode, U. Anaba","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.20000126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.20000126","url":null,"abstract":"We conducted a systematic review to examine evidence from randomized controlled trials studying the effect of Vitamin D, selenium, or zinc supplementation in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). An electronic literature search was carried out using Ovid Medline, Embase, CINHAL, Cochrane Center Register of Controlled Trials, Database of Systematic Reviews, Psych Info and PubMed. Eligible articles were assessed for methodological quality on the basis of the adequacy of the randomization process, concealment of allocation, blinding of intervention and outcome, and completeness of follow-up. A total of 24 single supplement trials (Vitamin D, selenium, and zinc) involving 5948 participants were included for this review. Evidence from seven Vitamin D trials showed no damaging or beneficial effect of Vitamin D supplementation on HIV disease progression in HIV-infected adults or children/adolescents. Six of the selenium studies found that providing daily selenium supplementation to HIV-infected adults' increased CD4 cell counts and reduce the risk of diarrhea morbidity and hospital admission rate for HIV-related conditions and opportunistic infection in HIV-infected adults. Evidence from eleven zinc trials showed some evidence of a potential beneficial effect of zinc supplementation on diarrhea morbidity and immune function. However, further research in larger and more diverse populations of HIV patients is required to fully investigate the effect of these nutrients on clinically relevant outcomes in HIV disease, the optimal dose, and the cost-benefit or cost-effectiveness of Vitamin D, selenium, or zinc supplementation.","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47510003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Clinical and Public Health Implications of HIV- Genetic Diversity and Drug Resistance Mutations in Angola: A Systematic Review. 艾滋病毒的临床和公共卫生意义-遗传多样性和耐药性突变在安哥拉:系统回顾。

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.20000057

Cruz S Sebastião, Joana Morais, Miguel Brito

{"title":"Clinical and Public Health Implications of HIV- Genetic Diversity and Drug Resistance Mutations in Angola: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Cruz S Sebastião, Joana Morais, Miguel Brito","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.20000057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.20000057","url":null,"abstract":"HIV-1 genetic diversity and drug resistance mutations (DRMs) remain a public health concern mainly in low- and middle-income countries. In this review, we estimated the HIV-1 molecular evolution over the past 40 years (1980-2019) in Angola to help guide affordable strategies for HIV-1 epidemic surveillance. We searched for studies written in English or Portuguese on HIV-1 diversity and DRMs carried out in Angola and published between 1980 and 2019. This review yielded eight studies describing a total of 493 samples. No HIV-1 Group N, O, and P were identified, whereas a ll non-B subtypes f rom Group M were identified. About 66% of HIV-1 subtypes were pure subtype and 34% recombinant strains. The frequency of recombinant strains increases from 1980 to 2019 (23.6%-41.4%, p<0.001). The subtypes C, F1, CRF02_AG, and the recombinant U/H were the most frequent. One DRM in the PIs was found (I54 M), 22 in the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), and 18 in the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). The major DRM in the NRTIs was the M184V, whereas the G190A, K103N, and Y181C were the major DRMs in the NNRTIs. Over the past 40 years, the frequency of the DRM M184V (50-64.3%, p=0.363), G190A (17.2-46.2%, p=0.021), and K103N (34.5-42.3%, p=0.551) increased, while the frequency of Y181C (17.2-7.7%, p=0.289) decreased. The current review shows an increase in HIV-1 genetic complexity and DRMs in Angola. Our findings suggest the need to include PIs or integrase strand transfer inhibitors in the first-line antiretroviral therapy regimens in Angola.","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40455770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy during Primary HIV Infection: Effects on the Latent HIV Reservoir, Including on Analytic Treatment Interruptions. 在原发性 HIV 感染期间开始抗逆转录病毒治疗：对潜伏 HIV 储库的影响，包括对分析治疗中断的影响。

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.20000001

Eva M Shelton, Daniel B Reeves, Rachel A Bender Ignacio

{"title":"Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy during Primary HIV Infection: Effects on the Latent HIV Reservoir, Including on Analytic Treatment Interruptions.","authors":"Eva M Shelton, Daniel B Reeves, Rachel A Bender Ignacio","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.20000001","DOIUrl":"10.24875/AIDSRev.20000001","url":null,"abstract":"Antiretroviral therapy (ART) inhibits HIV replication but does not eradicate the latent reservoir. The previous research suggests that earlier ART initiation provides benefit on limiting reservoir size, but timing and extent of this effect remain unclear. Analytic treatment interruption (ATI) may be used to demonstrate HIV remission, but whether early ART also improves likelihood or duration of even temporary virologic remission is unclear. This review seeks to answer both questions. We performed a systematic review and analysis following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines and included 21 interventional or observational studies with sufficient HIV reservoir outcomes. We also aggregated reservoir outcomes and transformed data into approximate measurements of total HIV DNA per million peripheral blood mononuclear cells and analyzed the correlation between timing of ART initiation and reservoir size. People living with HIV who initiate ART in primary infection maintain smaller reservoirs on suppressive ART than those who initiate treatment during chronic infection. The reduction of reservoir is most pronounced when ART is started within 2 weeks of HIV acquisition. Across studies, we found a moderately strong association between longer time to ART initiation and reservoir size, which was strongest when measured after 1 year on ART (Pearson's r = 0.69, p = 0.0003). After ATI, larger pre-ATI reservoir size predicts shorter time to viral rebound. Early ART may also facilitate long-term control of viremia. Although achieving sustained HIV remission will require further interventions, initiating ART very early in infection could limit the extent of the reservoir and also lead to post-ATI control in rare cases.","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7987773/pdf/nihms-1641850.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40544495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hepatitis Delta Virus Epidemiology in the Industrialized World. 工业化国家的丁型肝炎病毒流行病学。

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.20000056

Mehlika Toy, Emel Ahishali, Cihan Yurdaydın

{"title":"Hepatitis Delta Virus Epidemiology in the Industrialized World.","authors":"Mehlika Toy, Emel Ahishali, Cihan Yurdaydın","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.20000056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.20000056","url":null,"abstract":"Within the hepatitis virus landscape, one incomplete virus, the hepatitis delta virus (HDV), appears to differ from hepatitis B and C viruses in the context as it still may not infrequently lead to complications of chronic liver disease and continues to be associated with significant liver-related mortality even when patients have received available treatment for it. Breakthrough therapies are so far lacking for HDV-infected patients and treatment has not changed since the discovery of HDV in 1977 and consists mainly of interferons. While there was little interest on the global epidemiology of HDV until recently, this has changed in the past 2 years and we are currently observing a stream of papers on the global epidemiology of HDV and commentaries about why prevalence estimates appear to differ so dramatically. This may be related to the fact that reliable data are not available for most of the countries. However, in the industrialized world, data on the epidemiology of HDV are expected to be of better overall quality. Hence, this review was undertaken to provide a detailed overview on the epidemiology of HDV infection in industrialized countries using data from representative larger countries. In industrialized countries, with maybe the exception of China, HDV infection is a disease of high-risk groups. Migrant groups and people who inject drugs are the most encountered high-risk groups. This review summarizes the dynamics of their contribution to the HDV epidemiology in industrialized countries of the west and the east.","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38532674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Research Progress of HIV-1 Nef Inhibitors. HIV-1 Nef抑制剂的研究进展

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.20000050

Yanhan Lv, Yuanxi Meng, Jiaqian Zhong, Junhui Wan, Wei Zou

引用次数: 3