American Journal of Primatology最新文献

{"title":"Correction to “Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio in Captive Olive Baboons (Papio anubis): The Effects of Age, Sex, Rearing, Stress, and Pregnancy”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/ajp.23726","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajp.23726","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 \u0000 </p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":7662,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Primatology","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajp.23726","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142908998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple Motivations: Agonistic Coalitions and Interventions in Blue Monkeys","authors":"Kyle Rotter,&nbsp;Marina Cords","doi":"10.1002/ajp.23719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajp.23719","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Primates are known for forming agonistic coalitions, but most data come from species in which agonism occurs frequently and rank predicts fitness. We analyzed coalitions and interventions in wild blue monkeys (<i>Cercopithecus mitis</i>), in which both agonism and third-party involvement are relatively rare, and in which rank does not predict fitness. Data came from a long-term study in the Kakamega Forest, Kenya, spanning 12 years and 12 groups. Intervening animals both supported winners and defended losers, and coalition partners nearly always prevailed over their opponent. Adult females were joiners and juveniles were coalition-recipients disproportionately, while opponents were disproportionately adults, especially males. A multivariate analysis confirmed these patterns and also showed that joiners were most likely to support the original contestant who was winning (vs. unclear outcome or losing) and the one to whom they were more closely related. A subset of the data showed higher odds of joining the higher- versus lower-ranking original opponent. In high-risk interventions (coalition recipient losing, joiner smaller than opponent), the preference for more related opponents was magnified. Blue monkeys intervening in agonistic disputes appear to take sides in ways that minimize costs by supporting the winner, while maximizing inclusive fitness benefits by preferring the more closely related contestant, especially when intervention is risky. Their additional tendencies to support young individuals versus older ones, all else equal, suggest an additional motivation to protect vulnerable group-mates. Coalitions of smaller-bodied groupmates may contribute to the social peripheralization of the group's adult male.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7662,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Primatology","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143120252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wild Tibetan Macaques Use a Route-Based Mental Map to Navigate in Large-Scale Space","authors":"Shi Cheng,&nbsp;Bo-Wen Li,&nbsp;Paul A. Garber,&nbsp;Dong-Po Xia,&nbsp;Jin-Hua Li","doi":"10.1002/ajp.23720","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajp.23720","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Many animals face significant challenges in locating and acquiring resources that are unevenly distributed in space and time. In the case of nonhuman primates, it remains unclear how individuals remember goal locations and whether they navigate using a route-based or a coordinate-based mental representation when moving between out-of-sight feeding and resting sites (i.e., large-scale space). Here, we examine spatial memory and mental map formation in wild Tibetan macaques (<i>Macaca thibetana</i>) inhabiting a mountainous, forested ecosystem characterized by steep terrain that limits direct vision to 25 meters. We used an instantaneous scan sampling technique at 10-min intervals to record the behavior and location of macaques on Mt. Huangshan, Anhui Province, China, from September 2020 to August 2023. Over 214 days, we obtained 7180 GPS points of the macaques' locations. Our study revealed that the macaques reused 1264 route segments (average length 204.26 m) at least four times each. The number of feeding and resting sites around the habitual route segment, terrain roughness, and dense vegetation areas significantly influenced the use of route segments by our study group. In addition, we found evidence that the monkeys reused 48 nodes to reorient their travel path. We found that monkeys approached a revisited foraging or resting site from the same limited set of directions, which is inconsistent with a coordinate-based spatial representation. In addition, the direction in which the macaques left a feeding or resting site was significantly different from the straight-line direction required to reach their next feeding or resting site, suggesting that the macaques frequently reoriented their direction of travel to reach their goal. Finally, on average, macaques traveled 24% (CI = 1.24) farther than the straight-line distance to reach revisited feeding and resting sites. From our robust data set, we conclude that Tibetan macaques navigate large spaces using a route-based mental representation that appears to help them locate food resources in dense, rugged montane forests and heterogeneous habitats.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7662,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Primatology","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142891647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Where and How: Stone Tool Sites of Endangered Blonde Capuchin Monkeys in the Caatinga Environment in Northeastern Brazil”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/ajp.23725","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajp.23725","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rufino, M. G., J. J. da Silva, and J. P. Souza-Alves. 2025. “Where and How: Stone Tool Sites of Endangered Blonde Capuchin Monkeys in the Caatinga Environment in Northeastern Brazil.” <i>American Journal of Primatology</i> 87: e23705.</p><p>In topic Ethical Notes, the text “All procedures were performed in accordance with Brazilian law, under the approval of the environmental authorities IBAMA/ICMBio (approval #25727), and in compliance with the American Society of Primatologists Principles for the Ethical Treatment of nonhuman Primates” was incorrect. This should be “All contributors declared that the studies adhered to the legal requirements of Brazil, where we conducted the fieldwork. The study complied with the ethical requirements of the institutions and government concerned. The study adhered to the Code of Best Practices for Field Primatology of the American Society of Primatologists (https://www.asp.org/society/resolutions/EthicalTreatmentOfNonHumanPrimates.cfm) and of the International Primatological Society (www.asp.org/resources/docs/Code%20of_Best_Practices%20Oct%202014.pdf).”</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":7662,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Primatology","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajp.23725","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142891645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selectivity in Buttress Drumming Tree Properties Among Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) of the Waibira Community in Budongo Forest, Uganda","authors":"Wytse Wilhelm,&nbsp;Vesta Eleuteri,&nbsp;Kathelijne Koops,&nbsp;Maegan Fitzgerald,&nbsp;Klaus Zuberbühler,&nbsp;Catherine Hobaiter","doi":"10.1002/ajp.23712","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajp.23712","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wild chimpanzees drum on tree buttresses during dominance displays and travel, generating low-frequency sounds that are audible over distances of more than 1 km. Western chimpanzees (<i>Pan troglodytes verus</i>) in the Nimba Mountains of Guinea selectively choose trees and buttresses when drumming, potentially based on their resonant properties, suggesting that these chimpanzees are optimizing their drumming signals. We investigated whether male eastern chimpanzees (<i>Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii</i>) from the Waibira community in the Budongo Forest, Uganda, also show preferences in tree and buttress choice, exploring whether selectivity is a species-wide feature. We tested chimpanzee preferences for tree species and diameter, number of buttresses, and buttress area and width, by comparing trees and buttresses used in drumming bouts with nearby unused trees and buttresses. Waibira chimpanzees drummed preferentially on two tree species: the tropical hardwood <i>Cynometra alexandrii</i> and the softwood <i>Chrysophyllum albidum</i>. Chimpanzees selected trees with a larger diameter over nearby trees with a smaller diameter, and buttresses were more likely to be used for drumming if they had a larger area or larger width. These results suggest that chimpanzees in the Waibira community select trees and buttresses based on physical properties, most likely related to acoustically relevant characteristics. These findings support the argument that buttress drumming is a goal-directed behavior and contributes to our understanding of chimpanzees' use and optimization of their long-distance acoustic signals.</p>","PeriodicalId":7662,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Primatology","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11669765/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142891646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sexual Signaling and Sociosexual Behaviors in Relation to Rank, Parasites, Hormones, and Age in Male Vervet Monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) in Uganda","authors":"Karin P. Snyder,&nbsp;Dina Greenberg,&nbsp;Taylor Fane,&nbsp;Alessandro Filazzola,&nbsp;Gabriela F. Mastromonaco,&nbsp;Valérie A. M. Schoof","doi":"10.1002/ajp.23711","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajp.23711","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Secondary sexual characteristics, and the extent to which they are expressed, can convey information about the signaller. The blue scrotum and red penis of male vervet monkeys (<i>Chlorocebus pygerythrus</i>) make them a good species in which to examine inter- and intramale variation in signal expression. We quantified genital hue and luminance of male vervets at Lake Nabugabo, Uganda from standardized photos of male genitalia taken in May to June 2016, January to March 2019, and April to June 2019 to examine how dominance rank, fecal androgens (fARMs), fecal glucocorticoids (fGCMs), and parasitism related to achromatic (i.e., luminance) and chromatic (i.e., hue) aspects of scrotal and penile coloration, as well as how genital color related to sociosexual behaviors. We examined 182 photoshoots, 214 fecal samples for hormone analyses, and 152 for parasite analyses. Linear models indicate that genital color is linked to male dominance rank; high-ranking males had a more luminant (i.e., brighter) scrotum and a redder penis. Within males, color characteristics remained relatively stable over the short-term and changed moderately over the long-term. The direction of change was inconsistent for all color characteristics except scrotal luminance, which increased in all males over the long-term. Males with a darker penis received more mating presentations, while higher-ranking males received more mating refusals than low-ranking males, suggesting that females pay attention to penile color. We did not find support for any parasite or hormone mediation of color, and while there was a correlation between fGCM and fARMs, this was positive rather than negative as predicted by the stress-linked immunocompetence handicap hypothesis. Overall, our results indicate that the production of genital color may serve as an intra- and/or intersexual signal of male dominance rank and age in vervets.</p>","PeriodicalId":7662,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Primatology","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11666871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Provisioning on the Intergroup Relationships of Rhesus Macaque in Hainan, China","authors":"Cheng-Feng Wu,&nbsp;Zhi-Hong Xu,&nbsp;Yu-Xuan Fan,&nbsp;Tao Chen,&nbsp;Pu-Zhen Xie","doi":"10.1002/ajp.23721","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajp.23721","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Intergroup competition for limited resources is a significant selection pressure that drives the evolution of animal society. The rhesus macaque (<i>Macaca Mulatta</i>) is the most widely distributed nonhuman primate in the world and can adapt well to environments disturbed by humans. In some areas, human provisioning provides ample food resources for rhesus macaques, leading to an increase in their population size, inevitably affecting competition patterns within and between groups. In this study, we focused on seven provisioned groups of rhesus macaque in an eco-tourism park in Hainan, China, to verify how provisioning impacted their intergroup relationships. The results showed that: (1) Peaceful coexistence was the most common form of Intergroup contacts; (2) Provisioning led to an increase in intergroup contact and conflicts, but monkeys tended to avoid direct contact with other groups at main-provisioned sites with high conflict risk. (3) Larger groups did not interfere with each other's space use in the park, but smaller groups were more easily tolerated by other groups. (4) There were no strict linear dominance relationships among monkey groups. Overall, intensive provisioning satisfied the energy requirement of all monkeys in our study site, leading to a reduction in the relative benefit of intergroup conflict. Consequently, monkeys have adopted an intergroup contact strategy that avoids direct conflicts and prevents conflict escalation. We should pay more attention to the behavior patterns of provisioned animal populations, which will help us better understand how resources such as food have influenced the evolution of social strategies of animal groups, as well as how to manage such human disturbed animal populations in the future.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7662,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Primatology","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Placental and Fetal Microbiota in Rhesus Macaque: A Case Study Using Metagenomic Sequencing","authors":"Qiao Du,&nbsp;Xu Liu,&nbsp;Rusong Zhang,&nbsp;Gang Hu,&nbsp;Qinghua Liu,&nbsp;Rui Wang,&nbsp;Wen Ma,&nbsp;Ying Hu,&nbsp;Zhenxin Fan,&nbsp;Jing Li","doi":"10.1002/ajp.23718","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajp.23718","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recent evidence challenging the notion of a sterile intrauterine environment has sparked research into the origins and effects of fetal microbiota on immunity development during gestation. Rhesus macaques (RMs) serve as valuable nonhuman primate models due to their similarities to humans in development, placental structure, and immune response. In this study, metagenomic analysis was applied to the placenta, umbilical cord, spleen, gastrointestinal tissues of an unborn RM fetus, and the maternal intestine, revealing the diversity and functionality of microbes in these tissues. Additionally, gut metagenomic data of adult Rhesus macaques from our previous study, along with data from a human fetus obtained from public databases, were included for comparison. We observed substantial microbial sharing between the mother and fetus, with the microbial composition of the placenta and umbilical cord more closely resembling that of the fetal organs than the maternal intestine. Notably, compared with other adult RMs, there was a clear convergence between maternal and fetal microbiota, alongside distinct differences between the microbiota of adults and the fetus, which underscores the unique microbial profiles in fetal environments. Furthermore, the fetal microbiota displayed a less developed carbohydrate metabolism capacity than adult RMs. It also shared antibiotic resistance genes with both maternal and adult RM microbiomes, indicating potential vertical transmission. Comparative analysis of the metagenomes between the RM fetus and a human fetus revealed significant differences in microbial composition and genes, yet also showed similarities in certain abundant microbiota. Collectively, our results contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the intrauterine microbial environment in macaques.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7662,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Primatology","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Ontogenetic Scaling of the Primate Middle Ear”","authors":"Katheryn P. Franklin,&nbsp;Timothy D. Smith,&nbsp;Valerie B. DeLeon","doi":"10.1002/ajp.23710","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajp.23710","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study of primate auditory morphology is a significant area of interest for comparative anatomists, given the phylogenetic relationships that link primate hearing and the morphology of these auditory structures. Extensive literature addresses the form-to-function relationship of the auditory system (outer, middle, and inner ear) in primates and, by extension, provides insight into the auditory system of extinct primates and even modern humans. We add to this literature by describing the ontogenetic trajectory of the middle ear cavity and ossicular chain (malleus, incus, and stapes) due to their critical role in relaying auditory stimuli for interpretation. We examined middle ear morphology in neonatal primates and adult primates using a taxonomically broad sample. We focused primarily on nocturnal primate taxa (<i>Daubentonia</i>, <i>Loris</i>, <i>Galago</i>, <i>Aotus</i>, and <i>Tarsier</i>), which are underrepresented in the literature. However, we also included three diurnal taxa (<i>Macaca</i>, <i>Lemur</i>, and <i>Saguinus</i>). Using 3D Slicer, we visualized middle ear structures in three dimensions using conventional micro CT data informed by diffusible iodine-based contrast-enhanced CT (diceCT) data. We illustrated how spatial relationships between otic elements, such as the various epitympanic sinuses of the middle ear and the auditory ossicles, vary throughout ontogeny. Our major findings include that the central tympanic cavity scaled with negative allometry in all taxa and that the accessory cavities scaled with isometry or positive allometry in most taxa. Despite these changes in chamber size, the size of the ear ossicles remained relatively consistent through ontogeny in most taxa. We confirmed our expectation that anthropoids exhibit an increase in the complexity of accessory cavities throughout ontogeny, mirroring the exponential pneumatization of the face in anthropoids. These findings provide an ontogenetic perspective and reveal further functional complexities of the middle ear as a conduit for sound proliferation and as a pressure regulator.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7662,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Primatology","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Suitable Habitats, Fragmentation Analysis, and Ecological Corridor Identification for Sichuan Golden Snub-Nosed Monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana) in Sichuan Province, Southwest China","authors":"Yunchuan Dai,&nbsp;Yujing Zhu,&nbsp;Wancai Xia,&nbsp;Shuzhen Zou,&nbsp;Fan Wang,&nbsp;Dayong Li","doi":"10.1002/ajp.23714","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajp.23714","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Sichuan golden snub-nosed monkey (<i>Rhinopithecus roxellana</i>) was found to possess significant scientific and conservation value but faced multiple threats including habitat fragmentation and loss, human disturbance, illegal hunting, and the impacts of climate change on their habitat. To enhance habitat protection for this species, our study utilized field survey data and distribution records from protected areas to systematically evaluate spatial heterogeneity in suitable habitat distribution and habitat quality in Sichuan Province. Integration of 3S technology and ecological modeling allowed for a comprehensive assessment. We found that: (1) The potential habitat area for the species in Sichuan Province covered 78,470.47 km², with suitable and marginally suitable habitats occupying 28,301.36 and 50,169.11 km² respectively. Suitable habitats were predominantly found at elevations of 1600–3200 m, in areas with low population density and minimal human disturbance. (2) Suitable habitats within protected areas accounted for 42.7% of the total suitable habitat area, while marginally suitable habitats within protected areas comprised 24.8% of the total marginally suitable habitat area. (3) Vegetation types most utilized by the species, ranked from highest to lowest preference, were deciduous broadleaf forests, evergreen coniferous forests, evergreen broadleaf forests, mixed coniferous-deciduous forests, and shrublands. Evergreen coniferous forests exhibited the largest patch area and lowest fragmentation, whereas deciduous broadleaf forests showed higher fragmentation within protected areas. (4) Four potential ecological corridors were identified, connecting the Wujiao, Xuebaoding, and Baodinggou nature reserves. Strengthening the protection of suitable habitats and potential ecological corridors would enhance landscape connectivity, facilitating the effective utilization of suitable habitats by the Sichuan golden snub-nosed monkey. Our findings provided a scientific basis for future conservation and management efforts for the Sichuan golden snub-nosed monkey.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7662,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Primatology","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142851590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}