多重动机:蓝猴子的对抗联盟和干预

IF 2 3区 生物学 Q1 ZOOLOGY
Kyle Rotter, Marina Cords
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引用次数: 0

摘要

灵长类动物以形成竞争联盟而闻名,但大多数数据来自于竞争频繁发生的物种,并且排名预测适应性。我们分析了野生蓝猴(Cercopithecus mitis)的联盟和干预,其中激动作用和第三方参与都相对罕见,并且等级不能预测适应性。数据来自肯尼亚卡卡梅加森林的一项长期研究,历时12年,分为12组。干预的动物既支持赢家,也捍卫输家,联盟伙伴几乎总是胜过对手。成年女性是参与者,青少年是联盟的接受者,而反对者则是不成比例的成年人,尤其是男性。一项多变量分析证实了这些模式,并表明参与者最有可能支持最初获胜的参赛者(相对于不清楚结果或失败的参赛者)和与他们关系更密切的参赛者。数据的一个子集显示,与排名较低的原始对手相比,加入排名较高的对手的几率更高。在高风险干预中(联盟接受者失败,参与者小于对手),对更多相关对手的偏好被放大。蓝猴子在介入激烈的争端时,似乎会通过支持赢家来最小化成本,同时通过偏爱关系更密切的对手来最大化包容性健康效益,尤其是在干预有风险的情况下。在其他条件相同的情况下,他们更倾向于支持年轻人而不是老年人,这表明他们有额外的动机来保护弱势群体。体型较小的群体组成的联盟可能有助于群体中成年雄性的社会外围化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Multiple Motivations: Agonistic Coalitions and Interventions in Blue Monkeys

Multiple Motivations: Agonistic Coalitions and Interventions in Blue Monkeys

Primates are known for forming agonistic coalitions, but most data come from species in which agonism occurs frequently and rank predicts fitness. We analyzed coalitions and interventions in wild blue monkeys (Cercopithecus mitis), in which both agonism and third-party involvement are relatively rare, and in which rank does not predict fitness. Data came from a long-term study in the Kakamega Forest, Kenya, spanning 12 years and 12 groups. Intervening animals both supported winners and defended losers, and coalition partners nearly always prevailed over their opponent. Adult females were joiners and juveniles were coalition-recipients disproportionately, while opponents were disproportionately adults, especially males. A multivariate analysis confirmed these patterns and also showed that joiners were most likely to support the original contestant who was winning (vs. unclear outcome or losing) and the one to whom they were more closely related. A subset of the data showed higher odds of joining the higher- versus lower-ranking original opponent. In high-risk interventions (coalition recipient losing, joiner smaller than opponent), the preference for more related opponents was magnified. Blue monkeys intervening in agonistic disputes appear to take sides in ways that minimize costs by supporting the winner, while maximizing inclusive fitness benefits by preferring the more closely related contestant, especially when intervention is risky. Their additional tendencies to support young individuals versus older ones, all else equal, suggest an additional motivation to protect vulnerable group-mates. Coalitions of smaller-bodied groupmates may contribute to the social peripheralization of the group's adult male.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
8.30%
发文量
103
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The objective of the American Journal of Primatology is to provide a forum for the exchange of ideas and findings among primatologists and to convey our increasing understanding of this order of animals to specialists and interested readers alike. Primatology is an unusual science in that its practitioners work in a wide variety of departments and institutions, live in countries throughout the world, and carry out a vast range of research procedures. Whether we are anthropologists, psychologists, biologists, or medical researchers, whether we live in Japan, Kenya, Brazil, or the United States, whether we conduct naturalistic observations in the field or experiments in the lab, we are united in our goal of better understanding primates. Our studies of nonhuman primates are of interest to scientists in many other disciplines ranging from entomology to sociology.
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