Journal of biological standardization最新文献_第7页

The reduction of animal usage by the application of indirect haemagglutination in the potency testing of diphtheria toxoid in combined vaccines 在联合疫苗白喉类毒素效价检测中应用间接血凝法减少动物使用量

Journal of biological standardization Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0092-1157(88)90024-8

S.C. Maheshwari , Suniti B. Sharma , Subhash Ahuja , S.N. Saxena

{"title":"The reduction of animal usage by the application of indirect haemagglutination in the potency testing of diphtheria toxoid in combined vaccines","authors":"S.C. Maheshwari , Suniti B. Sharma , Subhash Ahuja , S.N. Saxena","doi":"10.1016/0092-1157(88)90024-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0092-1157(88)90024-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Eight Adsorbed Diphtheria-Tetanus vaccines and 13 Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis vaccines made by four different manufacturers were tested for the potency of the diphtheria components in guinea-pigs by the method of <span>British Pharmacopoeia (1973)</span>. Two-hundred-and-ten guinea-pig sera consisting of ten sera related to each vaccine sample thus obtained were titrated for diphtheria antitoxin by indirect haemagglutination (IHA) and the conventional toxin neutralization (TN) tests.</p><p>Statistical analysis of the results showed a good correlation between the titres obtained with the two tests. The potencies of the diphtheria components of various vaccines calculated from the antitoxin content of the respective guinea-pig sera titrated by the IHA test correlated significantly with the potencies obtained from the antitoxin content titrated by the routinely used TN test. The use of IHA in place of the TN test thus offers as an alternative that permits a reduction in animal usage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biological standardization","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 9-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0092-1157(88)90024-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14386526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

The purification and characterization of an acellular pertussis vaccine 一种无细胞百日咳疫苗的纯化和特性

Journal of biological standardization Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0092-1157(88)90035-2

M. Chazono , I. Yoshida , T. Konobe , K. Fukai

引用次数: 13

The development and standardization of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies to bovine herpesvirus 2 牛疱疹病毒2抗体酶联免疫吸附测定法的建立与标准化

Journal of biological standardization Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0092-1157(88)90028-5

Susan E. Bushnell , S. Edwards

引用次数: 5

A rabies agglutination test (RAT) for rabies antibody detection 采用狂犬病凝集试验(RAT)检测狂犬病抗体

Journal of biological standardization Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0092-1157(88)90016-9

P. Perrin , P. Versmisse , P. Sureau

{"title":"A rabies agglutination test (RAT) for rabies antibody detection","authors":"P. Perrin , P. Versmisse , P. Sureau","doi":"10.1016/0092-1157(88)90016-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0092-1157(88)90016-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An agglutination test has been developed for the detection of rabies antibodies aftet human vaccination. The rabies agglutination test (RAT) is based on the capability of specific antibody to agglutinate sensitized polystyrene (or latex) beads. In the RAT, latex beads were coated, in a first step, with inactivated and purified rabies virus (PV strain adapted and propagated on BHK-21 cells) and, in a second step, with bovine serum albumin. Negative control beads were coated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) only. To test for human antibody, several microliters of serum were mixed on a glass slide with an equal volume of virus-sensitized beads and the mixture was gently agitated. After a few minutes, agglutination was visible with sera which had been characterized as positive by the virus neutralization antibody (VNAb) technique. No agglutination was observed with negative sera tested with virus-coated beads or with positive sera tested with BSA-coated beads. Virus-sensitized beads were agglutinated when the virus neutralizing antibody titres were equal to or greater than 2·5 international units per ml (IU/ml) in human sera. The concordance between the RAT results and VNAb titres was about 97% when 2·5 IU/ml was taken as the cut off value for determining the positive sera with the VNAb technique. The possibility that clinicians might use the RAT as a simple means to determine sero-conversion at the end of the post-exposure treatment of patients is discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biological standardization","volume":"16 4","pages":"Pages 281-284, IN3, 285-286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0092-1157(88)90016-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14328489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Additives to biological substances IV—lyophilization conditions in the preparation of International Standards: An analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography of the effects of secondary desiccation 生物物质添加剂——国际标准制备中的冻干条件:用高效液相色谱法分析二次干燥的影响

Journal of biological standardization Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0092-1157(88)90029-7

A.F. Bristow , D. Dunn , E. Tarelli

{"title":"Additives to biological substances IV—lyophilization conditions in the preparation of International Standards: An analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography of the effects of secondary desiccation","authors":"A.F. Bristow , D. Dunn , E. Tarelli","doi":"10.1016/0092-1157(88)90029-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0092-1157(88)90029-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Many International Standards, Reference Preparations and Reference Reagents are routinely prepared by lyophilization in the presence of ‘inert’ carriers followed by an extensive period of secondary desiccation. In this study we have used high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to analyse the effects of lyophilization and secondary desiccation on initial degradation and subsequent stability of a model protein, insulin. Secondary desiccation was found to promote a reaction of the insulin with a carrier consisting of non-volatile buffer salts and a sugar. Secondary desiccation did not improve the stability of the insulin as determined by accelerated thermal degradation and analysis using the Arrhenius equation. We conclude that careful consideration needs to be given, on a case-by-case basis, to the selection of the procedures for the preparation of International Standards, particularly those ampouled in the absence of carrier proteins and intended for physicochemical analysis such as HPLC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biological standardization","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 55-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0092-1157(88)90029-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14408755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Active and passive rabies immunization: The effect of administering hyperimmune globulin before the vaccine 主动和被动狂犬病免疫:疫苗前注射高免疫球蛋白的效果

Journal of biological standardization Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0092-1157(88)90031-5

Hans L. Bock , Larissa Milcke-Ungeheuer

引用次数: 5

Studies on yellow fever vaccine III—dose response in volunteers 黄热病iii型疫苗在志愿者中的剂量反应研究

Journal of biological standardization Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0092-1157(88)90034-0

Oscar de Souza Lopes , Suely S.D. de Almeida Guimarães , Ricardo de Carvalho

引用次数: 34

IgG subclass distribution among antibodies to varicella-zoster virus in human varicella/zoster immunoglobulin preparations and the corresponding donor plasma 人水痘/带状疱疹免疫球蛋白制剂及相应供体血浆中水痘-带状疱疹病毒抗体IgG亚类分布

Journal of biological standardization Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0092-1157(88)90003-0

Kirsten Møyner , T.E. Michaelsen

{"title":"IgG subclass distribution among antibodies to varicella-zoster virus in human varicella/zoster immunoglobulin preparations and the corresponding donor plasma","authors":"Kirsten Møyner , T.E. Michaelsen","doi":"10.1016/0092-1157(88)90003-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0092-1157(88)90003-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>IgG subclasses to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) were detected in plasma from different sources used for the production of varicella/zoster immunoglobulin (VZIG). IgG1 and IgG3 were the principal virus antibodies in plasma from healthy donors as well as from convalescents after primary and reactivated disease. Anti-VZV IgG3 antibodies were predominant among varicella convalescents while IgG1 antibodies dominated among zoster convalescents. IgG4 antibodies were present in zoster convalescents and healthy donors but were rarely detected in varicella convalescents. Antiviral IgG2 antibodies were found only in a few cases. Studies of plasma samples collected from one varicella convalescent during a period of seven months following an outbreak of disease, demonstrated a rapid fall in antiviral IgG1 and IgG3, while IgG4 increased to reach a maximum six months after the onset of symptoms. The relative distribution of VZV-specific subclasses in a plasma pool was conserved during a fractionation procedure combining polyethyleneglycol 6000 precipitation with ion exchange chromatography, thus suggesting that the protective efficacy is maintained in the resulting immunoglobin preparations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":75991,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biological standardization","volume":"16 3","pages":"Pages 157-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0092-1157(88)90003-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13981792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

The effect of substrate on the production of infectious virus by cells in culture 培养基中底物对细胞产生感染性病毒的影响

Journal of biological standardization Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0092-1157(88)90021-2

James Varani , Matthew J. Bendelow, William J. Hillegas

引用次数: 2

WHO international reference reagents for bovine and porcine proinsulins 世卫组织牛和猪胰岛素原国际参考试剂

Journal of biological standardization Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0092-1157(88)90006-6

R.E.Gaines Das , A.F. Bristow

引用次数: 0