Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung最新文献_第6页

[Measuring blood flow and catheterization technic in the acute and chronic dog model]. [急慢性犬模型血流量测量及置管技术]。

Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung Pub Date : 1987-08-01

J Karner, E Roth

引用次数: 0

[Progress in the analysis of amino acids with special reference to the determination of the intracellular amino acid pattern]. [氨基酸分析的进展，特别是细胞内氨基酸格局的测定]。

Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung Pub Date : 1987-08-01

P Fürst, P Stehle, T A Graser

{"title":"[Progress in the analysis of amino acids with special reference to the determination of the intracellular amino acid pattern].","authors":"P Fürst, P Stehle, T A Graser","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Intracellular amino acid patterns are nowadays considered as suitable criteria to evaluate the therapeutical effects of newly developed nutritional techniques. Owing to the low sensitivity and resolution of conventional amino acid analysis (ion exchange chromatography with ninhydrin-detection), reproducible and reliable studies to assess alterations in intracellular amino acid concentrations are, however, limited. In this study, for the first time a routinely manageable HPLC method allowing fully automated determination of free amino acids by employing on-line precolumn derivatization with ortho-phthaldialdehyde is presented. The highly sensitive fluorescence detection (less than 10 pMol/amino and injection) enables the measurement of intracellular/extracellular amino acid levels in various tissues (blood, muscle, liver, kidney, leukocytes) by using minimum amounts to sample material. Furthermore, the high resolution of the HPLC method facilitates the simultaneous determination of amino acid derivatives as well as short chain peptides. The error and the reproducibility of the method (expressed as the coefficient of variation) ranged between 1.0-4.7% and 0.4-2.2%, respectively. In addition to ortho-phthaldialdehyde, alternative precolumn-derivatization reagents are described and evaluated with special regard to their applicability in the routinely manageable determination of intracellular amino acids in biological material.","PeriodicalId":75931,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung","volume":"14 4","pages":"137-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14444617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Organ-specific changes in amino acid metabolism]. [氨基酸代谢的器官特异性变化]。

Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung Pub Date : 1987-08-01

引用次数: 0

[Intracellular amino acid concentrations in the musculature of 3 species of animals under physiologic, pathophysiologic and infusion therapy conditions]. [生理、病理生理和输液治疗条件下3种动物肌肉组织胞内氨基酸浓度]。

Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung Pub Date : 1987-08-01

U Staedt, E Holm, H Leweling, S Jacob, J P Striebel

{"title":"[Intracellular amino acid concentrations in the musculature of 3 species of animals under physiologic, pathophysiologic and infusion therapy conditions].","authors":"U Staedt, E Holm, H Leweling, S Jacob, J P Striebel","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"In the first part of this paper methodological aspects of intracellular amino-acid analysis in three species of animals, i.e. in rats, rabbits, and cats are dealt with. The genetic homogeneity as well as the age of the animal groups, metabolic differences between carnivores and herbivores, the length of the intestine and, thus, the time elapsing before the postabsorptive state is reached, furthermore, the body size which, in studies with muscle biopsies, makes correlated samples either possible or impossible; all these factors are experimental variables potentially affecting the evidence of the results obtained. Amino acids being involved in ammonia detoxification or showing raised plasma levels in hepatic failure form the subject of the subsequent parts of this paper. In the muscle cells of the three above species investigated after an overnight fast, the concentration of glutamine was about 5.5 times and that of glutamate about 4.1 times higher than in human muscle. Regarding glutamine and glutamate, there were no marked differences between the three species. As to the other amino acids measured in the rats, rabbits, and cats, alanine, the branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) as well as methionine and phenylalanine had intracellular values similar to those observed in humans. To test the hypothesis that ammonia lowers the BCAA plasma levels by considerably increasing glutamine synthesis and decreasing the intracellular glutamate pool with consecutively intensified transamination of BCAA for partial replenishment of this pool, we infused ammonium salts and created portocaval shunts in animal experiments.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":75931,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung","volume":"14 4","pages":"151-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14250832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Isolated perfusion of the small intestine of the rat with perfluorotributylamine as an artificial oxygen carrier]. [以全氟三丁胺作为人工氧载体对大鼠小肠进行离体灌注]。

Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung Pub Date : 1987-08-01

F Hartmann, M Plauth, D Vieillard-Baron, D Bauder

引用次数: 0

[The method of the isolated perfused rat heart using the Langendorff model in nutrition research]. [营养学研究中使用Langendorff模型的离体灌注大鼠心脏方法]。

Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung Pub Date : 1987-08-01

K Rett, E Maerker, M Wicklmayr, G Dietze, H Mehnert

引用次数: 0

The metabolic response to glycerol during parenteral nutrition. 肠外营养期间对甘油的代谢反应。

Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung Pub Date : 1987-06-01 DOI: 10.1159/000222195

L L Moldawer, M Georgieff, L Ekman, A Wretlind

{"title":"The metabolic response to glycerol during parenteral nutrition.","authors":"L L Moldawer, M Georgieff, L Ekman, A Wretlind","doi":"10.1159/000222195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000222195","url":null,"abstract":"The use of various nonprotein energy sources in parenteral nutrition regimens has been discussed for many years. Besides glucose, glycerol, xylitol, fructose and sorbitol are currently being used as water-soluble parenteral fuels. Despite the increasing frequency with which these glucose substitutes are being used, little information is available regarding the differences they evoke in host responses. All experimental evidence to date has shown glycerol to be equally effective in sparing body nitrogen as glucose when supplied in hypocaloric amounts. Results from studies in injured animals suggest that exogenously administered glycerol is a more potent inhibitor of fatty acid oxidation than glucose. Although results from human volunteers have been variable, glycerol administration after injury appears to markedly reduce fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis, as well as increase hepatic glycogen. Glycerol toxicity appears to result only from its excessive administration, or when administered intraperitoneally or subcutaneously. Intravenous administration of hypocaloric quantities of glycerol alone or as a component of total parenteral nutrition is safe and effective.","PeriodicalId":75931,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung","volume":"14 3","pages":"111-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000222195","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14242955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

[Limits of the extensive use of glucose as infusion carbohydrate in parenteral nutrition]. [在肠外营养中广泛使用葡萄糖作为输注碳水化合物的限制]。

Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung Pub Date : 1987-06-01

H Reinauer

{"title":"[Limits of the extensive use of glucose as infusion carbohydrate in parenteral nutrition].","authors":"H Reinauer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The limiting factors for parenteral nutrition with glucose are indicated by the metabolic states of the patients. The rate of glucose utilization is mainly restricted by the degree of insulin resistance which may be localized at the receptor (down regulation, tyrosine kinase?) or at the postreceptor (mediators? Randle-mechanism) level. Usually, clear data about the rate of glucose production in the liver and glucose utilization in the peripheral organs are lacking, and therefore the glucose infusion rate cannot be calculated individually. The glucose infusion rate is usually adapted by monitoring the glucose and insulin levels in the patients; furthermore, insulin-resistant states may be detected by these parameters. As glucose is a main energy source in parenteral nutrition, up to 500 mg glucose/kg B.W./h may be infused in addition to a recommended amount of amino acids and lipid emulsions. Permanent infusion of glucose (over 24 h) is metabolically not adequate, since permanent hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia may lead to lipid deposition in the liver. In insulin-resistant states with hyperglycemia glucose infusion rates are limited and should be carefully adapted. Under these circumstances, glucose may be partly replaced by xylitol and sorbitol. Still unanswered is the question of whether the limited glucose utilization rate should be increased by therapeutic interventions. The elimination of insulin-resistant states should be useful in the postaggression syndrome. This therapeutic regimen would also promote protein and lipid synthesis. Since insulin is a main anabolic hormone, its optimal action should be restored as soon as possible.","PeriodicalId":75931,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung","volume":"14 3","pages":"116-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14242957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Intravenous feeding--possibilities and limits in the use of glucose and xylitol following trauma and infection, with special reference to liver metabolism]. 静脉给药——创伤和感染后使用葡萄糖和木糖醇的可能性和局限性，特别要注意肝脏代谢。

Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung Pub Date : 1987-06-01

M Georgieff

引用次数: 0

[Fructose and sorbitol as energy-supplying substrates for parenteral nutrition]. 果糖和山梨糖醇作为肠外营养的能量供应基质。

Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung Pub Date : 1987-06-01

H Förster

引用次数: 0