Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung最新文献_第7页

[Carbohydrate intolerance as a danger in infusion therapy]. [输注治疗中碳水化合物不耐受的危险]。

Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung Pub Date : 1987-06-01

F W Ahnefeld, K H Bässler, A Grünert, M Halmágyi, H Mehnert, J E Schmitz

引用次数: 0

[Metabolic models for the interpretation of indirect caloric measurements in intensive care patients]. [用于解释重症监护患者间接热量测量的代谢模型]。

Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung Pub Date : 1987-04-01

U Fauth, W Heinrichs, M Halmágyi

{"title":"[Metabolic models for the interpretation of indirect caloric measurements in intensive care patients].","authors":"U Fauth, W Heinrichs, M Halmágyi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Precondition for the evaluation of indirect calorimetry data by standard procedures is an undisturbed physiological metabolic situation. Metabolic changes in stress metabolism, which are a reduction of enzyme activity, increased rates of gluconeogenesis und ketogenesis, and simultaneous occurrence of lipolysis and lipogenesis cannot be considered by those calculations. Various problems concerning the evaluation of data obtained on traumatized patients confirm the presumption that standard procedures are not suitable in the case of posttraumatic metabolic disturbances. Therefore, we developed two computer-supported metabolic models, which assume a reduced activity of the three key enzymes: pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), phosphofructokinase (PFK) and citrate synthetase (CS). The blocked metabolites are bypassed to gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis and in so called 'pools' ('glucose-pool', 'acetyl-pool'). In addition, a detailed simulation of amino acid degradation is permitted. The models were applied to evaluate indirect calorimetric data of four patients, which could not be evaluated by standard procedures. It was shown that an evaluation of all data was possible by at least one model. All enzymes presented a slight to complete blockade. The calculated maximal activities of PFK was 1.59 mol/d, of PDH 6.31 mol/d and that of CS 6.55 mol/d. These activities were far below the values of normal human beings. As a result of these enzyme inhibitions, high rates of gluconeogenesis (max. 387 g/d) and lipogenesis (max. 511 g/d) as well as high values for the glucose-pool (max. 387 g/d) and the acetyl-pool (max. 641 g/d) were calculated. The interpretation of the pools was difficult. Renal elimination of the metabolites was not found in our patients, an accumulation was impossible for osmotic reasons. Therefore, despite the catabolic hormonal character of stress metabolism, storage as molecules of high molecular weight should be taken into account.","PeriodicalId":75931,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung","volume":"14 2","pages":"48-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14091114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Randomized study comparing long-chain (LCT) and medium-chain (MCT) triglycerides as caloric carriers in postoperative nutritional therapy]. [随机研究比较长链(LCT)和中链(MCT)甘油三酯作为术后营养治疗的热量载体]。

Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung Pub Date : 1987-04-01

B Lünstedt, E Deltz, M Kähler, A Bruhn

{"title":"[Randomized study comparing long-chain (LCT) and medium-chain (MCT) triglycerides as caloric carriers in postoperative nutritional therapy].","authors":"B Lünstedt, E Deltz, M Kähler, A Bruhn","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of a new 20% fat emulsion, containing 50% MCT and 50% LCT in comparison to a 20% fat emulsion containing only LCT, in the postoperative period. The possible influence on nitrogen loss, protein synthesis and fat metabolism was estimated. 20 patients after elective colon surgery were included in the trial. Parenteral nutrition was carried out for 5 days with two isonitrogenic and isocaloric nutritional regimens including either MCT/LCT or only LCT fat emulsions. Fat emulsions were administered over a period of 12 h with a total fat supply rate of 0.12 g/kg B.W./h. Blood samples for determination of protein synthesis, triglyceride and ketone bodies were taken under fat infusion as well as before and after infusion. 24-h urine samples were taken to measure nitrogen balance. Our results showed no difference in protein levels between the MCT- and LCT group. The 5-day nitrogen balance showed a significant increase in the MCT group (p less than 0.05, Mann-Whitney U-test). At the end of the infusion period triglyceride levels in the MCT group (mean value 244 +/- 15 mg%) differed significantly compared to the LCT group (m = 190 +/- 24 mg%). 2 h later triglycerides in both groups fell to basal levels. beta-Hydroxybutyrate (beta-HB) and aceto acetate (Ac-ac) concentrations showed significant differences between both groups. After 12 h infusion the MCT group had a mean level of 210 mumol/l beta-HB and 180 mumol/l Ac-ac vs. 90 mumol/l beta-HB and 120 mumol/l Ac-ac in the LCT group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":75931,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung","volume":"14 2","pages":"61-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14243795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Status of Kell incompatibility in a 15-year retrospective study of mother-child serology in clinical records]. [临床记录15年母婴血清学回顾性研究中Kell不相容性的现状]。

Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung Pub Date : 1987-04-01

D Schönitzer

引用次数: 0

Positive minor cross-reaction due to red blood cell T-activation in a neonate with perforated colon. 新生儿结肠穿孔红细胞t活化引起的阳性轻微交叉反应。

Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung Pub Date : 1987-04-01 DOI: 10.1159/000226170

G Lenz, U Sugg, E Peter, G Mayer

引用次数: 0

[Effect of 10% hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5 and 10% dextran 40 on the flow property and coagulation of whole blood in vivo]. [10%羟乙基淀粉200/0.5和10%葡聚糖40对体内全血流动特性和凝血功能的影响]。

Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung Pub Date : 1987-04-01

R Klose, U Feldmann, P Hoecker

引用次数: 0

[Effect of carbohydrate administration on leucine oxidation in newborn infants. Studies using the 13C leucine breath test]. 碳水化合物对新生儿亮氨酸氧化的影响。研究使用13C亮氨酸呼吸测试]。

Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung Pub Date : 1987-04-01

W Park, H Paust, H Brösicke, G Knoblach, M Mesche, H Helge

{"title":"[Effect of carbohydrate administration on leucine oxidation in newborn infants. Studies using the 13C leucine breath test].","authors":"W Park, H Paust, H Brösicke, G Knoblach, M Mesche, H Helge","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The branched-chain amino acid leucine plays an important role in the protein metabolism of human beings. It not only inhibits protein degradation but also stimulates protein synthesis. The oxidation rate of leucine and the influence which nutritional conditions have on this amino acid can be measured with the intravenous 13C-leucine breath test. In order the apply the breath test on newborn infants, the required dosage of L-(1-13C)-leucine and the reproducibility of the test had, firstly, to be determined. Following this, the extent to which the leucine oxidation rate was influenced by a simultaneous carbohydrate intake was investigated. An evident discrimination between the 13CO2-exhalation and the 13CO2-baseline exhalation is demonstrated after a bolus injection of 1 mg L-(1-13C)-leucine/kg B.W. We were able to measure reproducible values of the leucine oxidation rate in newborn infants with a tracer dosage of 4 mg L-(1-13C)-leucine/kg B.W. We found that a higher intake of carbohydrate given at the same time produced a lower rate of leucine oxidation, which indicates increased utilization of leucine for the benefit of protein synthesis.","PeriodicalId":75931,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung","volume":"14 2","pages":"66-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14731155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Thrombocyte transfusion: increase in platelets in relation to clinical and immunologic prerequisites]. [血小板输注:血小板增加与临床和免疫条件的关系]。

Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung Pub Date : 1987-04-01

S Panzer, F Maier, P Höcker, W R Mayr, W Hinterberger

引用次数: 0

[Binding of drugs to artificial plasma substitutes]. [药物与人工血浆替代品的结合]。

Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung Pub Date : 1987-04-01

W Borchardt, B Heinzow, A Ziegler

{"title":"[Binding of drugs to artificial plasma substitutes].","authors":"W Borchardt, B Heinzow, A Ziegler","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The binding of different drugs to plasma proteins as well as the binding to other structures (e.g. dialysis membranes, i.v. delivery sets) is well documented and of therapeutic importance. Colloid solutions of macromolecules are widely used as plasma substitutes and plasma expanders. A possible binding of drugs to these macromolecules was investigated by means of equilibrium dialysis. Benzodiazepines, beta-blockers, cardiac glycosides, local anesthetics, non steroidal antiinflammatory drugs, glibenclamide, phenobarbitone and phenprocoumon (10(-7) in 50 mM tris buffer, pH 7.4) were dialyzed against tris buffer diluted (1:5) commercially available plasma substitutes consisting of hydroxyethyl starch (HES), dextran, gelatine and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Binding to plasma substitutes was observed with the highest values for penbutolol and oxypolygelatine (41%), digitoxin and HES 200 (35%), phenprocoumon and PVP (43%). It is concluded that the binding of drugs to plasma substitutes is in most cases negligible and not of clinical relevance. Since some drugs seem to bind to some extent to different macromolecules this should be borne in mind and could be of some influence e.g. in perfusion experiments with isolated organs.","PeriodicalId":75931,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung","volume":"14 Suppl 2 ","pages":"28-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13586983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Comparative study of the modification of blood, blood coagulation, cardiovascular circulation by 3% modified, fluid gelatins and 6% low-molecular weight hydroxyethyl starch]. 【3%改性液体明胶与6%低分子量羟乙基淀粉对血液、凝血、心血管循环的改性比较研究】。

Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung Pub Date : 1987-04-01

H B Hopf, H P Siepmann

{"title":"[Comparative study of the modification of blood, blood coagulation, cardiovascular circulation by 3% modified, fluid gelatins and 6% low-molecular weight hydroxyethyl starch].","authors":"H B Hopf, H P Siepmann","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"A randomized, comparative study with 3% modified fluid gelatine and 6% low molecular hydroxyethylstarch has been made on 87 patients of an intensive care unit. Both plasma substitutes were well compatible to the patients. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was accelerated significantly by both plasma substitutes. This effect was at a maximum after 24 h and in the gelatine group it was percental about three times stronger, referred to the base line level in this group. In the hydroxyethylstarch group after 12 h the thrombocyte cell number decreased about 10.3%, referred to the base line, in the gelatine group the decrease was only 1.5% at the same time. At the chemical parameters there were no more differences between the two substitutes. Both plasma substitutes showed a mean effect of 4 h on plasma volume, referred to the changes of central venous pressure. The gelatine substitute showed a significant rise in blood pressure after end of infusion, the hydroxyethylstarch substitute did not. Both substitutes showed a rise in diuresis with a delay of 1 h. There were no differences between both solutions in the diuretic effect after infusion.","PeriodicalId":75931,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung","volume":"14 Suppl 2 ","pages":"31-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13586984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0