Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung最新文献

{"title":"[Collection of thrombocyte concentrates and coagulation active fresh plasma with the Haemonetics PCS system].","authors":"D Glück,&nbsp;K Koerner,&nbsp;D Stampe,&nbsp;B Kubanek","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>More intensive chemotherapeutic regimens in patients with leukemia or malignant disease lead to an increasing demand for platelet concentrates. As conventional preparation of platelets from fresh whole blood is limited by the number of blood donors, new methods have to be investigated. Plasmapheresis with simultaneous collection of platelets is favored. We tested the new Haemonetics PCS system (Haemonetics Corp., Braintree, Mass.). Beside the effectivity of the measure, we were interested in the quality of the products. The simultaneous collection of hemostatic active plasma and platelet concentrates did not produce the same quality as our routine products.</p>","PeriodicalId":75931,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung","volume":"14 Suppl 2 ","pages":"16-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14717970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effect of repeated leukaphereses on the lymphocytogram of blood donors].","authors":"J Laser,&nbsp;J Krüger","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Donors risk lymphopenia as a result of thrombocytapheresis as well as leukapheresis. The importance of the removal of lymphocytes is speculative at present. In the study presented, 10 healthy blood donors underwent 5 consecutive, discontinuous flow-leukapheresis procedures in weekly intervals with the effect of a total loss of 2.6 X 10(10) lymphocytes. The number of peripheral lymphocytes decreased steadily from 1,850 +/- 417/microliter to 1,451 +/- 411/microliter over the 5-week period. A significant decrease comprised also OKT3+-, OKT4+- and B-lymphocytes but not OKT8+-cells. Accordingly the OKT4/OKT8 ratio was reduced though not significantly from 1.41 +/- 0.25 to 1.32 +/- 0.27. 6 months after the last apheresis, the total lymphocyte count, OKT3+- and B-lymphocytes were still significantly low. The long-lasting peripheral lymphopenia in cytapheresis donors has to be taken into account as one of the criteria for donor selection. Donors with less than 1,000 lymphocytes/microliter of peripheral blood should be excluded from cytapheresis procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":75931,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung","volume":"14 Suppl 2 ","pages":"23-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14717971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma aminograms in patients with primary and secondary tumors of the CNS].","authors":"J Piek,&nbsp;T Adelt,&nbsp;K Huse,&nbsp;W J Bock","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>16 different free amino acids were determined in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma of each 5 patients with glioblastomas, meningiomas, and low grade gliomas as well as in 21 patients with lumbar disk herniations (control group). The values from the control group were in good accordance with those previously observed in normal adults of 5 studies of the literature. Significant changes were seen only in 6 of 16 amino acids. Absolute values of free CSF amino acids showed significant lower levels of valine, leucine and asparagine in the 3 subgroups whereas serine remained constantly high. The greatest changes were observed in glioblastoma and meningioma patients. Relative values gave similar results. No significant changes were found in CSF-plasma free amino acid relations. The authors conclude that changes of free CSF amino acids are due to a non-specific reaction of the brain itself to tumor growth. The different histology of the tumor does not give specific results. Determination of free CSF amino acids may help in early diagnosis of brain tumor recurrence after operation and to watch the effect of chemotherapy and radiation on brain tumor growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":75931,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung","volume":"14 2","pages":"73-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14731743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effect of particle size and emulsifier on pharmacokinetic values of a parenterally administered fat emulsion].","authors":"B Weidler,&nbsp;J Peil,&nbsp;B von Bormann,&nbsp;E Lohmann,&nbsp;I Elmadfa,&nbsp;K Sommermeyer,&nbsp;N Schwanen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To evaluate pharmacokinetic data during parenteral application of a fat emulsion a controlled study in healthy volunteers was performed. Another aim of the study was to investigate whether these kinetics could be changed by modification of the emulsion. For this purpose, 10 male medical students--free of any metabolic disorders--received modified batches of one fat emulsion (Lipovenös), differing with respect to particle size or emulsifier. The emulsions were applied using a pump-controlled continuous infusion technique. The dosage was calculated according to body weight: 0.1 g/kg B.W./h. There was a 7-10 day interval between one application and the following study period, again using the same volunteers. Thus every volunteer served as his own control. Routine laboratory parameters as well as parameters relating to fat metabolism were measured. While routine laboratory parameters were not statistically different between the groups, pharmacokinetic data showed differences according to the batches used. Highest triglyceride and free fatty acid levels i.s. were present after application of the emulsion with low medium particle size, while lowest levels were found after increasing the particle size to 380 nm. In addition, it could be documented that an increase in medium particle size resulted in higher elimination rate, transfer and pool size. The modified emulsifier led to an additional increase of these effects, thus inducing beneficial metabolic profiles. The results of the present investigation might perhaps enable us to adjust the profile of future fat emulsions, with the aim of optimizing or restoring metabolic hemostasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":75931,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung","volume":"14 2","pages":"78-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14731744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of peritoneal dialysis as a means of supplying nutrients.","authors":"F Cavallé Obiols,&nbsp;J Monterde Junyent,&nbsp;S Schwarts Riera,&nbsp;M Farriol Gil","doi":"10.1159/000226156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000226156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study is to demonstrate the possibility of using the peritoneal route for carrying out periodical dialysis (PPD) together with supplying amino acids (AA's) for nutritional purposes and, at the same time, to determine the influence of the pattern of the mixture of AA's used for this purpose. In order to carry out this study we established three different groups. The PPD technique was the same for all the patients. In the control group PPD was performed without the addition of AA's. In groups 2 and 3 PPD was carried out with the addition of AA's and two different patterns were respectively used for that purpose.</p>","PeriodicalId":75931,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung","volume":"14 Suppl 1 ","pages":"46-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000226156","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14692124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Metabolism-oriented postoperative nutritional therapy--possibilities and limits in the use of glucose and xylitol].","authors":"M Georgieff,&nbsp;L L Moldawer,&nbsp;D Wagner,&nbsp;K Geiger,&nbsp;W Fekl,&nbsp;G L Blackburn,&nbsp;B R Bistrian,&nbsp;H Lutz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbohydrates and polyols are essential constituents of intravenous nutrition. In order to better understand the problems associated with the supply of energy sources, the physiology of enteral nutrition will be covered and compared with intravenous nutrition. This review article will deal with the metabolic actions of glucose and xylitol and derive therapeutical consequences for their intravenous use during different illnesses.</p>","PeriodicalId":75931,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung","volume":"14 Suppl 1 ","pages":"53-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14236791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Experiences with MCT containing fat emulsions in premature and newborn infants].","authors":"C Panteliadis,&nbsp;G Kremenopoulos,&nbsp;V Soumpasi,&nbsp;P Avgoustidou","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) was given for 8-9 days to 15 prematures and full term neonates (gestational age 26-40 weeks) with respiratory problems or respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). The solutions were administered via peripheral veins during 24 h. Serum electrolytes, calcium, triglycerides and amino acids were measured before and on the 2nd, 4th and 7th day of TPN acid-base balance, blood glucose and serum bilirubin were measured daily and serum transaminases and total protein on the final day of TPN. The total amount of findings administered was 126 ml/kg BW/day and consisted of 10.4 g glucose, 1.9 g fat and 1.95 g amino acids with the total amount of calories reaching an average of 68.7 kcal/kg BW/day (61% glucose, 27.6% fat and 11.4% protein). Three children (2 very small prematures, 1 with severe perinatal asphyxia) died of causes unrelated to TPN. Serum electrolytes, calcium and blood glucose levels were in the normal range in all cases, acid-base balance was affected minimally and moderate hyperbilirubinemia was observed in all neonates. Serum transaminase values were in the normal range as was total protein. Hypertriglyceridemia with values over 3 mmol/l was observed in the very premature neonates and in one neonate with septicemia. Our findings are in favor of administration of MCT fat emulsion to prematures and full term neonates.</p>","PeriodicalId":75931,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung","volume":"14 1","pages":"38-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14239043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Assessment of risk status using nutrition diagnostic studies in surgical patients. 1. Determination of preoperative risk status in patients with stomach cancer].","authors":"G Schmoz,&nbsp;W Hartig,&nbsp;H P Brunner,&nbsp;R Weiner,&nbsp;V Erhard,&nbsp;K Vetter","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The diagnosis of the nutritional state is an essential component in determining the risk in patients with carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract. Based on the results of multivariate, statistical analyses of numerous biochemical, anthropometric and immunologic parameters in 63 patients with gastric carcinoma, we can now simplify the determination of the nutritional state considerably. With the help of cluster analysis and together with clinical aspects, the nutritional state can be divided into 2 groups ('normal' and 'disturbed'), in contrast to the former classification ('normal' and several degrees of disturbed). Using discrimination analysis, a combination of parameters was found which allows a sufficiently good classification of subjects into either the 'normal' group or the 'disturbed' group, and in this way characterizes the nutritional state. Classification of the patients is accurate in 97% of the cases. 6 practically relevant parameters were determined with the discrimination analysis: serum albumin, serum transferrin, hemoglobin, upper arm circumference, triceps skin fold thickness, and the intracutaneous skin test quotient. The nutritional quotient, EQ2, can be determined from these values (in comparison to the nutritional quotient, EQ1, which is based on the 33 point evaluation scale), thus enabling a quantification of the nutritional state. The use of only individual parameters yields major differences from the results obtained with 6 parameters. However, a relation between the nutritional state and the existing immuno-competence can be suspected when the results - especially of the skin test reactions - are in agreement with the results of the lymphocyte transformation. The test results of cell-mediated immunity in particular represent the extent of a reduced immunological reaction as opposed to the results of humoral immunity. Inclusion of less complex immunological investigation procedures must be reserved for future studies. The determination of daily urea production (urea production rate; dependent on protein supply) can be implemented as a practically relevant and reliable supplemental test for the evaluation of the existing metabolic state.</p>","PeriodicalId":75931,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung","volume":"14 Suppl 1 ","pages":"17-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14236786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Cholestasis in total parenteral nutrition. A review].","authors":"H Böhles","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intrahepatic cholestasis is a frequent, however, unresolved complication of total parenteral nutrition in infancy. A frequency of 10-50% is reported. The concentration of serum bile acids seems to be a sensitive indicator for a beginning cholestasis. As typical histological alterations of the liver are considered: inflammatory portal reaction, fibrosis and proliferation of bile ducts. As important components of the obviously multifactorial etiology are considered: lacking oral alimentation, fetal bile acid synthetic pathways, amino acid toxicity, hypoalbuminemia, sepsis and substrate excess.</p>","PeriodicalId":75931,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung","volume":"14 Suppl 1 ","pages":"3-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14236789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Loading and maintenance dose for the determination of amino acid kinetics in plasma.","authors":"G Kleinberger,&nbsp;G Heinzel,&nbsp;W Druml,&nbsp;A Laggner,&nbsp;K Lenz","doi":"10.1159/000226155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000226155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intravenous bolus kinetics of amino acids and calculation of the kinetic parameters with an 1-compartment model revealed weak spots. Therefore, a new study design with a loading and maintenance dose and description of the plasma concentration time data with a 2-compartment model was created and studied in 9 healthy volunteers. After an over night fast the amino acid mixture Thomaeamin n 10% was infused with a loading dose of 20 mg AA/kg-1 X min-1 for 5 min and a maintenance dose of 5 mg AA/g-1 X min-1 for 55 min. The postinfusion period lasted 120 min. The PAA was determined with a Biotronic LC 6001 and the kinetic parameters were calculated by a Wang 2200 computer with the TOPFIT program package. The results showed mean values (means +/- SE) of the volume distribution between 4.7 +/- 0.6 till 9.4 +/- 1.8 liters, an elimination rate constant of 1.7 +/- 0.5 till 11.0 +/- 2.0 h-1, a total clearance of 186 +/- 37 till 846 +/- 66 ml X min-1 and transfer or endogenous production rate between 12 +/- 0.8 till 135 +/- 16 mumol kg-1 X h-1. The total transfer amounts to 17.6 mmol kg-1 X d-1 (= 2.2 g AA/kg-1 X d-1). It can be concluded that an optimal study design for the investigation of AA kinetics should increase the PAA levels 2-3 fold above basal during the infusion period.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)</p>","PeriodicalId":75931,"journal":{"name":"Infusionstherapie und klinische Ernahrung","volume":"14 Suppl 1 ","pages":"40-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000226155","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14236790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}