{"title":"[Assessment of brain atrophy by computer tomography (author's transl)].","authors":"W Meese, T Grumme","doi":"10.1055/s-2007-1002399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1002399","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Computer tomograms from 512 patients with brain atrophy were analysed according to standardized criteria. Exact studies of the outer and inner CSF spaces allowed a redefinition of this disease entity. The limits of change related to the physiological process of aging were established. In addition, an attempt was made to correlate CT findings with EEG tracings and psychiatric criteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":75864,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte der Neurologie, Psychiatrie, und ihrer Grenzgebiete","volume":"48 9","pages":"494-509"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-2007-1002399","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17952818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Prognosis in patients with cerebral ischemia treated with short term anticoagulant therapy -- a controlled trial (author's transl)].","authors":"B Gallhofer, G Ladurner, H Lechner","doi":"10.1055/s-2007-1002394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1002394","url":null,"abstract":"116 Patienten mit 13 Tias. 39 Prinds und 64 ausgeprägten ischämischen Insulten wurden in zwei in bezug auf Alter. Geschlecht. Behandlungsdauer. Verteilung nach dem Schweregrad der Erkrankung und Anzahl von Hypertonikern vergleichbare Gruppen unterteilt. 55 Patienten wurden einer im Durchschnitt 7 Monate dauernden niederdosierten Antikogulantien-Therapie (PZ = 25-30 %) unterzogen. In der Kontrollgruppe fanden sich 61 nicht auf Antikoagulantien eingestellte konservativ behandelte Patienten. Beide Gruppen wurden im Durchschnitt über drei Jahre lang regelmäßig ambulant nachkontrolliert (Antikoagulantiengruppe: 37 ± 14 Monate. Kontrollgruppe: 41 ± 19 Monate. t-Test = n.s.). Dabei fand sich in bezug auf die Rezidivhäufigkeit ein statistisch gesicherter Unterschied zugunsten der mit Antikoagulantien behandelten Patientengruppe (p < 0.025). Die Mortalität der beiden Gruppen war nicht unterschiedlich, wobei je zwei Patienten an einem InsultRezidiv verstarben. Keiner der Patienten erlitt eine Hirnblutung als Komplikation.","PeriodicalId":75864,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte der Neurologie, Psychiatrie, und ihrer Grenzgebiete","volume":"48 8","pages":"409-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-2007-1002394","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17952444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Metabolism of noradrenaline and endogenous depression (author's transl)].","authors":"H Beckmann","doi":"10.1055/s-2007-1002395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1002395","url":null,"abstract":"between a population of de pressed patients and a healthy control group. How ever, several research groups found that b ip 0 la r de pressed patients had a significantly lower MHPG ex cretion than u n ip 0 la r patients. In addition 4 diffe rent laboratories demonstrated that MHPG excretion values were useable as an indicator for the antidepres sant response to somatic treatment methods. The alteration of the central noradrenaline turnover in man by psychotropic drugs and therapeutic sleep deprivation points to the important role of noradre nergic function for the modification of emotion and drive.","PeriodicalId":75864,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte der Neurologie, Psychiatrie, und ihrer Grenzgebiete","volume":"48 8","pages":"415-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-2007-1002395","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17952445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Depressive syndromes in the course of schizophrenia (author's transl)].","authors":"G Gross, G Huber","doi":"10.1055/s-2007-1002396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1002396","url":null,"abstract":"Nach Einflihrung der Psychopharmaka wurde die Umwandlung vom schizophrenen zum depressiven Typ im Langzeitverlauf schizophrener Erkrankungen, anders als die umgekehrte Verlaufsrichtung, als eine früher nicht geläufige, neue Verlaufsgestalt und als Ausdruck eines \"pharmakogenen Symptomwandels\" angesehen. Katamnesen bei Heidelberger schizophrenen Kranken zeigten, daJ~ auch unabhängig von pharmakogenen Einflüssen eine Umwandlung zunächst zweifelsfrei schizophrener in bei späteren Rezidiven endogen-depressiv sich fortsetzende Verläufe vorkommt. Auch schon vor der Elektrokrampfära waren \"zirkuläre Einschiebsel\" in schizophrenen Verläufen bekannt. Anhand der Langzeitverläufe von 502 Patienten der Bonner Schizophrenie-Studie werden endogen-depressive Syndrome in den verschiedenen Stadien der Erkrankung beschrieben. Während psychotischer Reund/oder Erstmanifestationen wurden psychopathologisch endogen-depressive Syndrome unabhängig von Psychopharmakotherapie in 18,7 % beobachtet. Darüber hinaus fanden sich in 7,8 % depressive Vorpostensyndrome und in 8,2 % endomorph-depressiv aussehende Prodrome.","PeriodicalId":75864,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte der Neurologie, Psychiatrie, und ihrer Grenzgebiete","volume":"48 8","pages":"438-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-2007-1002396","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17952446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Social and family relationships of depressive patients (author's transl)].","authors":"D Hell","doi":"10.1055/s-2007-1002397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1002397","url":null,"abstract":"Nach den sozialpsychiatrisch ausgerichteten Arbeiten wirkt sieh die Behinderung Depressiver am stärksten im innerfamiliären und emotionalen Beziehungsbereich aus und weniger bei beruflichen und instrumentalen Aufgaben. Im außerfamiliären Kontaktbereich sind Depressive dadurch behindert, daß sie von anderen Menschen vergleichsweise vermehrt als unattraktiv eingeschätzt und gemieden werden als nicht-depressive psychiatrische Patienten und als gesunde Kontrollpersonen.","PeriodicalId":75864,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte der Neurologie, Psychiatrie, und ihrer Grenzgebiete","volume":"48 8","pages":"447-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-2007-1002397","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17952447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[In what way can the clinical usefulness of the Wechslers-Bellevue test for general knowledge be improved for the testing of neuropsychiatric patients? An attempt at revalidation (author's transl)].","authors":"W Demuth","doi":"10.1055/s-2007-1002393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1002393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Questions related to general knowledge were adapted to the mental capacity of neuropsychiatric patients by means of regrouping and suitable modifications. The sequence of items according to the degree of difficulty, enables a more profitable use of the Wechsler-Bellevue test, since the questions relating to general knowledge need not begin with Question No. 1. The general knowledge subtest was changed into a psychopathometric method by means of an item analysis. In this manner, it is more adequately adapted to the mental capacities of neuropsychiatric patients. Moreover, irregular distribution of data which have not yet been evaluated and classified, is avoided, so that the intellectual performance of the patient can be explored in a fairer manner than before.</p>","PeriodicalId":75864,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte der Neurologie, Psychiatrie, und ihrer Grenzgebiete","volume":"48 7","pages":"401-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-2007-1002393","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17955029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W Kissling, H M Emrich, M Fischler, D von Zerssen, H Riedhammer, H H Edel
{"title":"[Hemodialysis in patients with chronic schizophrenia (author's transl)].","authors":"W Kissling, H M Emrich, M Fischler, D von Zerssen, H Riedhammer, H H Edel","doi":"10.1055/s-2007-1002392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1002392","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In an open study three chronically schizophrenic patients with normal kidney function were treated by hemodialysis in an attempt to ameliorate their psychotic symptoms. Neuroleptic treatment was stopped at least four weeks prior to hemodialysis. The patients were dialysed once weekly for twelve (in one case eleven) weeks. Psychopathology was evaluated using the IMPS, BPRS and NOSIE. No patient showed any improvement during the course of dialysis, one patient showed a marked detrioration. These observations raise doubts about whether schizophrenic psychoses can be improved by means of hemodialysis as previously published by Wagemaker (1977).</p>","PeriodicalId":75864,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte der Neurologie, Psychiatrie, und ihrer Grenzgebiete","volume":"48 7","pages":"393-400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-2007-1002392","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17955028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[What does the psychiatrist expect as to computerized tomography? (author's transl)].","authors":"G Huber","doi":"10.1055/s-2007-1002391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1002391","url":null,"abstract":"irreversiblen Psychosyndromen auf der Grundlage ätiologisch heterogener Hirnerkran kungen und Hirnschäden zeigten 77 % im PEG eine Hirnatrophie. Eine Rindenatrophie fand sich bei den 307 Patienten mit organischen Wesensänderungen nur in 28 %, dagegen bei den 228 Kranken mit Demenz in 73,7 %. Nach diesen Befunden besteht eine signifikante Korrelation zwischen psychopathologischer Dauerver änderung und Hirnatrophie (14, 15, 17).","PeriodicalId":75864,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte der Neurologie, Psychiatrie, und ihrer Grenzgebiete","volume":"48 7","pages":"385-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-2007-1002391","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17955027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[The Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Clinical, epidemiological, pathogenetic and aetiological aspects (author's transl)].","authors":"C Tosi, F Regli, J Wenk","doi":"10.1055/s-2007-1002390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1002390","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Creutzfield-Jakob Disease is a kind of fatal progressive dementia in adults with cerebellar, extrapyramidal and corticospinal signs leading via decerebration to death within an average period of 7 months. EEG and biopsy of the brain are the only diagnostic means of significant importance. Neuropathologically, there are spongiform changes with loss of neurons and gliosis. The epidemiological conditions are complicated and indicate that certain families and population groups are preferred. Together with kuru and two veterinary diseases, namely, scrapie and transmissible mink encephalopathy, Creutzfeld-Jakob disease forms a group of subacute spongiform encephalopathies. The diseases in this group are infectious diseases without inflammatory reaction, which are caused by a \"slow virus\" with unconventional properties. The successful transmission of this disease to laboratory animals has contributed towards an understanding of these aetiological and pathogenetic correlations and has also opened up new diagnostic perspectives. However, the natural mode of transmission of Creutzfeld-Jakob disease remains largely unknown. Since it has been established that some cases were definitely iatrogenic, importance is attached to measures which must be taken when treating suspicious demented patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":75864,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte der Neurologie, Psychiatrie, und ihrer Grenzgebiete","volume":"48 7","pages":"353-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-2007-1002390","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18047680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Psychophysiology of dreaming and neurosis therapy: the functional state-shift model, a synopsis (author's transl)].","authors":"M Koukkou, D Lehmann","doi":"10.1055/s-2007-1002389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1002389","url":null,"abstract":"Die Arbeit stellt ein Hirnfunktions-Modell vor, das die Traumbildung durch psychophysiologische Mechanismen erklärt, ohne spezielle Traumprozesse zu postulieren; die gleichen Mechanismen dienen zur Erklärung des neurotischen Denkens (der Basis des neurotischen Verhaltens) und seiner psychotherapeutischen Korrektur. Das Modell ist die Leitlinie fUr eine Synopsis ausgewählter Veröffentlichungen aus Elektroneurophysiologie, Psychopharmakologie, Verhaltensuntersuchungen, experimenteller Psychologie und Klinik.","PeriodicalId":75864,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte der Neurologie, Psychiatrie, und ihrer Grenzgebiete","volume":"48 6","pages":"324-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-2007-1002389","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17952443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}