American Journal of Hypertension最新文献

{"title":"Defining Systolic Blood Pressure Variability in Home Monitoring: Time for Standardization.","authors":"Paul Muntner, Daichi Shimbo, Joseph E Schwartz","doi":"10.1093/ajh/hpaf104","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ajh/hpaf104","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7578,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":"748-750"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salt-Induced Vascular Damage in Hypertension Involves Redox Activation of PARP/TRPM2 Signaling and Inflammasome Assembly.","authors":"Rheure Alves-Lopes, Karla B Neves, Sheon Mary, Delyth Graham, Augusto C Montezano, Christian Delles, Rhian M Touyz","doi":"10.1093/ajh/hpaf071","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ajh/hpaf071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Excess sodium intake induces vascular dysfunction. Molecular mechanisms underlying this are unclear. Here we investigated the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS), Ca2+ signaling and inflammation in salt-induced vascular injury, focusing on the interplay between redox-sensitive Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), which activates transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) Ca2+ channel, and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Specifically, we sought to determine if salt excess induces a pro-oxidant environment, leading to PARP-induced TRPM2 activation and increased Ca2+ influx, inflammasome assembly, and consequent vascular damage.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from rats and humans were exposed to normal NaCl (140 mM) and high-salt conditions (180 mM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High salt increased ROS generation, PARP activation, and TRPM2-mediated Ca2+ transients. Osmotic controls had no effect on these processes. High-salt medium promoted the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-18 and interleukin-1β and increased phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC) in VSMCs. These effects were attenuated by inhibitors of PARP (Olaparib), TRPM2 (8-Br-cADPR), and NLRP3 inflammasome (MCC950). To validate these findings in in vivo, mice were subjected to a high-salt diet (4% NaCl, 5 weeks), resulting in elevated blood pressure and vascular remodeling and dysfunction. Exposure of vessels to olaparib and MCC950 attenuated the hypercontractility associated with a high-salt diet.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Salt-induced vascular injury in hypertension involves ROS generation in VSMCs leading to activation of the PARP/TRPM2 axis, increased Ca2+ influx, NLRP3 activation, and vascular injury. Our study provides new insights into molecular pathways involved in high-salt diet-induced vascular dysfunction, important in hypertension.</p>","PeriodicalId":7578,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":"788-796"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12448623/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racial and Gender Discrimination When Tailoring Medical Management to Hypertension Treatment in Latin America.","authors":"Luis Alcocer, Ernesto L Schiffrin, Gregory Fink, Mariela M Gironacci, María Claudia Irigoyen, Ana C Palei, Minolfa Prieto, Henry Punzi, Dora Inés Molina de Salazar, Carlos I Ponte-Negretti, Jose Ortellado, Ernesto Peñaherrera, Daniel Piskorz, Martin Rosas, Osiris Valdez, Raúl Villar, Fernando Wyss, Carlos M Ferrario","doi":"10.1093/ajh/hpaf050","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ajh/hpaf050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Discrimination in cardiovascular healthcare, particularly concerning hypertension treatment, is a significant and complex issue in Latin America, driven by biases related to gender, ethnicity, and economic status. Although cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, disparities in healthcare delivery endure, especially impacting marginalized populations. Women, ethnic minorities, and economically disadvantaged groups encounter considerable barriers, including underrepresentation in clinical research, delayed diagnoses, and unequal access to guideline-recommended treatments. Economic disparities maintain a divided healthcare system in which the quality of treatment often directly correlates with socioeconomic status, reinforcing inequities and adversely affecting health outcomes in lower-income communities. Ethnic discrimination, stemming from deeply ingrained social biases, leads to inadequate care and limited access to advanced medical technologies, disproportionately impacting indigenous and Afro-descendant populations. Addressing these systemic inequities requires comprehensive strategies that ensure equitable participation in clinical trials, develop tailored public health policies sensitive to socioeconomic and cultural contexts, and implement targeted educational initiatives. Healthcare systems must actively dismantle entrenched biases, improve access for economically disadvantaged communities, and guarantee that ethnic minorities receive treatment of equal quality. The Inter-American Society of Hypertension emphasizes that removing these discriminatory barriers reduces the burden of cardiovascular disease and enhances overall health outcomes across Latin America. This document endorses consensus recommendations detailed in positions 1 through 4, which tackle specific challenges related to personalized care, racial biases in treatment algorithms, socioeconomic healthcare inequalities, and gender disparities in hypertension management.</p>","PeriodicalId":7578,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":"739-747"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12448584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Proteomics and Mendelian Randomization to Identify New Therapeutic Targets.","authors":"Gaetano Santulli, Fahimeh Varzideh, Urna Kansakar, Stanislovas S Jankauskas, Scott Wilson, Pasquale Mone","doi":"10.1093/ajh/hpaf034","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ajh/hpaf034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7578,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":"751-753"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12424538/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood Pressure Outcomes Following a Home Blood Pressure Monitoring Program in a Large Integrated US Health System.","authors":"Teresa N Harrison, Rachelle A Juan, Jaejin An, Hui Zhou, Janet Mora Marquez, Angeline L Ong-Su, Jeffrey W Brettler, Kristi Reynolds","doi":"10.1093/ajh/hpaf082","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ajh/hpaf082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Home blood pressure telemonitoring (HBPT) can empower patients to participate in their healthcare and reduce office BP. Evidence that BP control can be sustained following HBPT is scarce. We examined the effects of an HBPT program on BP outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included patients with uncontrolled hypertension enrolled in an HBPT program at an integrated healthcare system between November 2019 and June 2022. Clinicians enrolled patients and provided them with a BP device and a mobile application. We examined clinic BP before and after enrollment in HBPT, and sustained clinic BP control (last clinic BP < 140/90 mmHg) within 12 months following graduation from the program (home BP < 135/85 mmHg). Multivariable robust Poisson regression was used to identify factors associated with sustained clinic BP control.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 3574 patients were enrolled and 59% consented to participation. Among those who consented, 3% did not submit >1 home BP, 37% were actively enrolled, 30% disenrolled without meeting home BP control and 30% graduated by meeting home BP control. Among 527 patients who graduated and had ≥1 follow-up clinic BP, 396 (75%) sustained clinic BP control within 12 months while mean clinic SBP and DBP was reduced by 16.3 (95% CI: -18.3, -14.4) mmHg and 10.0 (95% CI: -11.1, -8.9) mmHg, respectively (P < 0.0001 for both) compared with the last clinic BP prior to HBPT enrollment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The HBPT program in this healthcare system demonstrates potential; however, effective strategies are needed to facilitate enrollment and consent of patients and to scale the program.</p>","PeriodicalId":7578,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":"833-840"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to Recommended Laboratory Testing for Hypertension: Insights from a Nationwide Cohort.","authors":"Maximilian C Volk, Ahmad Safdar, Omer Ashruf, Luke J Laffin","doi":"10.1093/ajh/hpaf092","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ajh/hpaf092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite guideline recommendations, the prevalence of laboratory testing among patients newly diagnosed with hypertension (HTN) in the United States remains unknown. This study evaluated the prevalence of guideline-recommended laboratory testing in patients with newly diagnosed HTN.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis using the TriNetX database of adults ≥18 years newly diagnosed with HTN between 2018 and 2023. Patients were stratified by age, sex, race, and ethnicity. The primary outcome was prevalence of laboratory testing within six months of diagnosis, including complete blood count (CBC), basic/complete metabolic panel (BMP/CMP), lipid profile, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), fasting glucose, urinalysis, and electrocardiogram (ECG).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 2,052,702 patients (mean age 59.3 years, 47.3% female), testing completion rates were: CBC (40.8%), BMP/CMP (42.7%), lipid profile (17.0%), TSH (14.8%), fasting glucose (9.6%), urinalysis (21.9%), and ECG (36.3%). Older age (≥65 years) was associated with higher completion rates for CBC (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.19-1.20), BMP/CMP (HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.16-1.17), TSH (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.13-1.15), fasting glucose (HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.32-1.35), urinalysis (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.18-1.20), and ECG (HR 1.27, 95% CI 1.26-1.28). Female sex was associated with lower completion rates for CBC (HR 0.99, 95% CI 0.98-0.99), BMP/CMP (HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.95-0.96), lipid profile (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.89-0.90), ECG (HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.96-0.97) but higher completion rates for TSH (HR 1.26, 95% CI 1.25-2.17) and urinalysis (HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.12-1.14).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of guideline-recommended laboratory testing among newly diagnosed HTN patients is low, with disparities across age, sex, race, and ethnicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":7578,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":"826-832"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144109164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stenotic Lesions of the Intracranial Arteries in Relation to the Average Level and Variability of the Home Blood Pressure: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Dong-Yan Zhang, De-Wei An, Hui Chen, Jie Xu, Ying Wang, Yi-Bang Cheng, Qian-Hui Guo, Ming-Xuan Li, Qi-Fang Huang, Jian-Feng Huang, Chang-Sheng Sheng, Ji-Guang Wang, Jan A Staessen, Yan Li","doi":"10.1093/ajh/hpaf089","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ajh/hpaf089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study assessed the presence of intracranial arterial stenosis (ICAS) in relation to home systolic blood pressure (SBP) and its variability (BPV).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 1510 untreated patients, ICAS was assessed by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. SBP and BPV were determined from individual home BP recordings over seven days with triplicate readings in the morning and evening. BP variability was expressed as standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), variability independent of the mean (VIM), and average real variability (ARV). CV was SD divided by the mean, VIM was SD divided by the mean to the power x  and multiplied by the population mean to the power x, and ARV reflected the average absolute difference between consecutive BP readings. Associations with ICAS were assessed from nested multivariable logistic models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred and fourteen participants (7.5%) had ICAS. Combining all BP readings, SBP, SD, CV, VIM, and ARV averaged (± between-patient SD) 130.1 ± 11.9 mm Hg, 8.36 ± 2.53 mm Hg, 6.42 ± 1.83%, 8.36 ± 2.38, and 6.41 ± 1.61 mm Hg, respectively. In multivariable-adjusted models, higher home SBP was independently associated with increased prevalence of ICAS. For morning measurements, all variability indices were significantly associated with ICAS, with odds ratios per 1-SD increase ranging from 1.33 to 1.34 (P ≤ 0.005), independent of SBP level. In contrast, associations based on evening variability were non-significant. Sex and anatomical ICAS location did not impact these results.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of ICAS was positively associated with SBP level. In addition to the SBP level, all four morning BPV indexes refined the assessment of ICAS prevalence.</p>","PeriodicalId":7578,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":"759-768"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12448609/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144118592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Causal Relationships Between Anxiety, Obesity, and Hypertension: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Caini Fan, Jie Wang, Baozhu Guo, Shanshan Wang, Dehui Kong, Min Liu, Ling Jiang, Ling Li, Haiying Zhao","doi":"10.1093/ajh/hpaf072","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ajh/hpaf072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Both anxiety and obesity have been implicated in hypertension development, with emerging evidence suggesting metabolic risk factors as potential mediators. Notably, obesity may partially mediate the link between anxiety and hypertension. However, the causal relationships among these factors remain unclear. To address this, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to elucidate their causal relationship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a two-sample MR analysis using genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics from European ancestry cohorts. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the primary analytical approach, with sensitivity analyses and heterogeneity tests conducted to ensure robustness. Additionally, a two-step MR approach was conducted to quantify the proportion of the anxiety-hypertension association mediated through obesity-related pathways.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The two-sample MR analysis demonstrated significant causal effects of anxiety (OR = 1.025, 95% CI 1.011-1.038; P < 0.001) and obesity (OR = 1.010, 95% CI 1.007-1.013; P < 0.001) on hypertension risk. Bidirectional analysis revealed a unidirectional causal association between anxiety and obesity (OR = 1.518, 95% CI 1.044-2.206; P = 0.029), with no evidence of reverse causation from obesity to anxiety (OR = 1.014, 95% CI 0.990-1.039; P = 0.268). Mediation analysis estimated that 17.4% (95% CI 5.3-29.5%) of anxiety's total effect on hypertension risk was mediated through adiposity-related pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The two-sample MR analysis in this study confirmed a causal relationship between anxiety and hypertension. Obesity was found to partially mediate this association. Our causal estimates support weight management interventions as an effective psychosomatic strategy for preventing hypertension in individuals with anxiety, particularly due to the modifiable nature of obesity-related risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":7578,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":"852-858"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143968217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Home Blood Pressure Monitoring Among Adolescents and Young Adults, NHANES 2009-2014.","authors":"Rushelle L Byfield, Eunhee Choi, Jordana B Cohen, Ian M Kronish, Michael Rakotz, Daichi Shimbo","doi":"10.1093/ajh/hpaf069","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ajh/hpaf069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Among middle-aged and older adults, home blood pressure (BP) monitoring (HBPM) is a tool for both diagnosis and management of hypertension. Pediatric guidelines recommend HBPM as an adjunct to office BP measurement among children and adolescents with hypertension. Little is known about the prevalence and frequency of HBPM in the United States among youth with hypertension, and what factors are associated with HBPM use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined data from NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) 2009-2014 cycles to determine HBPM use in adolescents (16 to <20 years) and young adults (20 to <25 years), n = 2,919. HBPM frequency was defined as none, less than once a month, or at least monthly. Using multivariable logistic regression, we assessed the association between HBPM and sociodemographic factors including age, sex, race/ethnicity, obesity, income, insurance status, and education.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An estimated 10.3% of adolescents and young adults reported performing HBPM in the past year. Of those with hypertension, 22.8% reported performing any HBPM in the past year. Compared to adolescents, a higher percentage of young adults reported performing HBPM (12.5% vs. 7.3%). In adjusted models, having health insurance (odds ratio [OR] 1.84 [95% confidence interval {CI} 1.25-2.73]), high school education or greater (OR 1.79 [95% CI 1.13-2.82]), and obesity (OR 1.83 [95% CI 1.10-3.05]) were associated with reporting any HBPM use.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this analysis of nationally representative US data, HBPM was reported in less than a quarter of adolescents and young adults with hypertension. Obesity, insurance status, and education were associated with any HBPM use.</p>","PeriodicalId":7578,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":"754-758"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vascular Stiffness, Instead of Coronary Artery Calcification, Exhibits Significant Association With Hypertension Risk in General Population.","authors":"Chia-Ter Chao, Min-Tser Liao, Chung-Kuan Wu","doi":"10.1093/ajh/hpaf096","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ajh/hpaf096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension (HTN) significantly increases cardiovascular risk worldwide, and its incidence is expected to rise further over time. Both coronary artery calcification (CAC) and vascular stiffness (VS) potentially contribute to hypertension, but whether CAC and VS jointly aggravates the risk of hypertension remains under-explored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively assembled a cohort of individuals with low cardiovascular risk. Coronary computed tomography and pulse wave velocity test were used to measure CAC and VS, respectively. Subsequently, we conducted multiple logistic regression to investigate risk factors for having hypertension, incorporating CAC or VS statuses adjusting for demographics, anthropometric indices, laboratory, and echocardiographic parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Totally 321 community-dwelling individuals (55 ± 11 years; 73.21% male) were included. Unadjusted analyses showed that participants with CAC (odds ratio (OR) 2.331, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.41-3.84) or VS (OR 15.701, 95% CI 4.77-51.58) had significantly higher hypertension risk, whereas multivariate adjustment negated the relationship between CAC and hypertension (OR 1.149, 95% CI 0.55-2.38) but not that between VS and hypertension (OR 12.950, 95% CI 2.87-58.31). Analyses incorporating CAC and VS simultaneously showed that only VS independently correlated with hypertension risk but not CAC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>VS plays a more important role in affecting hypertension risk compared with CAC in general population. We suggest that targeting VS would be a more appropriate strategy for mitigating incident hypertension compared with treating CAC.</p>","PeriodicalId":7578,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Hypertension","volume":" ","pages":"797-805"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144207371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}