Alternative therapies in health and medicine最新文献

{"title":"Reiki and Humanistic Theory: Common Ground for Holistic Counseling.","authors":"Michelle Robichaux, Yvonne Garza-Chaves","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Complementary and integrative therapeutic methods are fast becoming customary in mental health counseling and within the broader medical community. Reiki, an energy-based healing practice, is one such method. Research specific to the medical field has shown that Reiki is useful in treating anxiety and chronic pain. Moreover, Reiki as an adjunct intervention to counseling is trending. Yet, there is little information in the literature that describes the mechanisms that link the healing practice of Reiki to counseling theory and practice. This conceptual article explores some foundational constructs of Reiki and the ways they interface with important principles of various humanistic counseling theories. This article provides readers with an overview of Reiki and three humanistic counseling theoretical approaches to provide common ground between the core constructs of these approaches. This article aims to enhance professionals' holistic understanding of how Reiki can be utilized within the field of counseling for treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":7571,"journal":{"name":"Alternative therapies in health and medicine","volume":" ","pages":"30-37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Therapeutic Potential: Ta'līq al-'Alaq (Leech Therapy) for Qarha Khabītha (Non-Healing Ulcer): A Case Study.","authors":"Shaziya Begum, Rooshi Fareed, Mohammad Shoaib, Asia Sultana","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-healing ulcers are chronic lesions, often found on the lower extremities, persisting for over three months despite adequate care. They are associated with systemic diseases or local disorders and significantly impact the quality of life, often resisting conventional treatments, which can be costly and pose side effects. Ta'liq al-Alaq (leech therapy), a regimen in Ilaj-Bit-Tadbeer of Unani medicine, offers an alternative based on the principle of Istifrāgh (expulsion of morbid humours). Leeches aid by sucking impure blood (Ghalīz Mawād) and injecting saliva containing bioactive substances, enhancing blood flow, reducing local inflammation, and promoting tissue regeneration. This study assessed leech therapy's efficacy in a patient with three non-healing ulcers on bilateral lower limbs, persisting for 27 years. Leech Therapy was done once a week. Treatment progress was recorded at baseline, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks, evaluating parameters like size, discharge, smell, pain, edge, and floor. Two ulcers completely healed, while the third showed partial healing after six weeks. These promising results suggest leech therapy as a viable, cost-effective treatment for chronic ulcers and thromboembolic disorders, especially when conventional methods fail. Larger clinical studies are recommended to further validate its efficacy and establish its role in modern wound care management.</p>","PeriodicalId":7571,"journal":{"name":"Alternative therapies in health and medicine","volume":" ","pages":"56-59"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142880962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Rifampicin Plus Levofloxacin or Isoniazid on Immune Function of Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis.","authors":"Feng Lv, Nan Tang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Due to the different effects of various drugs and the lack of authoritative and unified guidelines in clinical practice, the choice of therapeutic drugs for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains controversial. Rifampicin, levofloxacin, and isoniazid are all anti-TB drugs. However, no comparative studies of the treatment effects of rifampicin + levofloxacin and rifampicin + isoniazid have occurred.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study intended to analyze the therapeutic effects of rifampicin + levofloxacin compared to rifampicin + isoniazid in the treatment of pulmonary TB to provide a clinical reference, which could provide new references for future clinical treatment of the disease.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The research team conducted a prospective controlled study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The study took place at Zibo Zhoucun District People's Hospital in Zibo, China.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Participants were 100 patients with pulmonary TB admitted to the hospital between March 2021 and December 2022.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>The research team assigned participants to one of two groups: (1) the intervention group, with 56 participants who received rifampicin + levofloxacin therapy, and (2) the control group, with 44 participants who received rifampicin + isoniazid.</p><p><strong>Outcome measures: </strong>The research team measured: (1) clinical efficacy, (2) incidence of adverse reactions, (3) changes in inflammatory factors, (4) changes in immunoglobulins (Igs), and (5) changes in T lymphocyte subsets.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intervention group's total effective rate for treatment was significantly higher than that of the control group (P = .049). However, no significant difference existed between the groups in the incidence of adverse reactions (P > .05). Postintervention, the intervention group's inflammatory factors-IL-6, TNF-α, hs-CRP, and β-EP-were significantly lower and its immunoglobulins (Igs) G/A/M (IgG/A/M) were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < .05). In addition, the intervention group's T lymphocyte subpopulations of CD3+ and CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ were significantly higher and CD8+ was significantly lower than those in the control group (P < .05). In other words, the intervention group had a better immune function.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared with rifampicin + isoniazid, rifampicin + levofloxacin had a better clinical effect in the treatment of pulmonary TB and could effectively regulate patients' immune functions and inhibit inflammatory reactions. The current research team recommends that rifampicin + levofloxacin become the preferred treatment for pulmonary TB in the absence of a drug allergy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7571,"journal":{"name":"Alternative therapies in health and medicine","volume":" ","pages":"90-95"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140852979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Motor Imagery Ability and Pain, Functional Status, Neck Awareness, and Depression in Individuals with Chronic Neck Pain.","authors":"Tuğba Dere, Göker Yurdakul, Saltuk Buğra Kılınç, İpek Alemdaroğlu-Gürbüz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pain-related symptoms are thought to affect motor imagery abilities adversely.</p><p><strong>Primer study objective: </strong>The study aimed to examine motor imagery ability and its association with pain, functional status, neck awareness, and depression in individuals with chronic neck pain.</p><p><strong>Design and setting: </strong>A cross-sectional study, single-center.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>60 individuals with chronic neck pain, aged between 18 and 65 years, were recruited.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>Demographic data was recorded, pain and disability were evaluated using the Visual Analogue Scale and Neck Disability Index, motor imagery ability using Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire-20, and mental chronometry. Grip strength, cervical muscle endurance, upper limbs' functionality, neck awareness, and depression levels were assessed using a hydraulic hand dynamometer, cervical muscle endurance tests, Upper Extremity Functional Index-15, Fremantle Neck Awareness Questionnaire, and Beck Depression Inventory, respectively.</p><p><strong>Primary outcome measures: </strong>Motor imagery ability, neck pain, functional status, neck awareness, and depression levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 60 individuals (mean age 51.60 ± 11.70 years), 83% (n = 50) were female. The Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire-20 score (mean 68.62 ± 27.02) was weakly correlated with Visual Analogue Scale-night (r = 0.332), duration of pain (r = -0.264), cervical extensor muscle endurance (r = -0.270) and Fremantle Neck Awareness Questionnaire (r = -0.295) (P < .05). Weak to moderate correlations were found between the individuals' mental chronometry task scores and Neck Disability Index, Fremantle Neck Awareness Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory, and grip strength (P < .05). The regression analysis indicates that motor imagery ability can explain pain intensity, cervical extensor endurance, neck awareness, and depression level (P < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Individuals with chronic neck pain showed an impaired motor imagery ability which was associated with pain, functional status, neck awareness, and depression levels. Thus improving motor imagery ability may contribute to better functional outcomes and psychosocial status in these individuals.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>NCT06502236.</p>","PeriodicalId":7571,"journal":{"name":"Alternative therapies in health and medicine","volume":" ","pages":"23-29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142880944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Qigong Exercises on Symptoms Seen in Fibromyalgia Patients: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Ebru Çamur Ünlü, Emine Kaplan Serin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Fibromyalgia is a common disease with many symptoms that affect the quality of life, such as pain, muscle and joint stiffness, fatigue, insomnia, mood and cognitive dysfunctions, and general sensitivity. Qigong exercises integrated into treatment may be effective in reducing the intensity of these symptoms. Therefore, this study aims to systematically evaluate the effects of Qigong on the symptoms seen in fibromyalgia patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>PRISMA criteria were used to create the systematic review protocol and write the article. The literature review was carried out by scanning the randomized controlled studies conducted between 2018 and 2023 from the Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Cochrane databases between December 10, 2023, and January 10, 2024. Studies were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria using the PICOS method. These studies were evaluated according to the Joanna Briggs Institute critical evaluation list.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four randomized controlled trials were included. A review of these studies shows that Qigong exercises are effective on fibromyalgia severity, pain, fatigue, depression, anxiety, and sleep quality. It has also been found to be effective in self-efficacy, coping strategies, balance, muscle strength, flexibility, and cardiac autonomic function.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Qigong exercises are effective in reducing the pain, depression, anxiety, fatigue, and FM effects experienced by fibromyalgia patients and improving sleep quality. Incorporating Qigong exercises into care may be effective in reducing fibromyalgia symptoms. More randomized controlled studies are needed to ensure the reliability and validity of the results.</p>","PeriodicalId":7571,"journal":{"name":"Alternative therapies in health and medicine","volume":" ","pages":"42-48"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142680512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic Study of CRABP2: Accelerating Lung Cancer Migration and Metastasis through Regulation of the ROS/Src Signaling Pathway.","authors":"Guang Yang, Huining Liu, Qifan Yin, Ziqiang Tian","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to establish a theoretical foundation for the clinical treatment of lung cancer by investigating the regulatory role of CRABP2 in the ROS/Src signaling pathway, specifically in accelerating the migration and metastasis of lung cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Lung cancer mouse models were established using BALB/c-nu mice, randomly assigned to the control group (NC group) and the experimental group (mimic group). Tumor volume was precisely observed. The impact of CRABP2 on lung cancer migration and metastasis was analyzed through hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and histochemical staining observation. Protein expression analysis was employed to assess CRABP2, ESR1, NOX1, NOX4, p-Src, and p-FAK levels, shedding light on the underlying mechanism. CRABP2's influence on lung cancer migration and metastasis was further investigated using scratch and Transwell experiments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings revealed that the mimic group, with enhanced CRABP2 expression, exhibited a higher proliferation rate and increased migration and metastasis capabilities in lung cancer. Protein expression analysis demonstrated that CRABP2 and ESR1 positively influenced the ROS/Src pathway, promoting lung cancer migration and metastasis. Scratch and Transwell's experiments supported the fact that CRABP2 significantly accelerated lung cancer migration and metastasis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CRABP2 plays a crucial role in expediting lung cancer migration and metastasis by upregulating ESR1 expression, consequently activating the ROS/Src pathway. This study introduces a novel therapeutic avenue for the clinical treatment of lung cancer, offering a theoretical framework for advancing lung cancer treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7571,"journal":{"name":"Alternative therapies in health and medicine","volume":" ","pages":"70-75"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140848216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Diagnostic and Prognostic Significance of Alkaline Phosphatase on Neutrophil Surface Membrane in Patients with Sepsis.","authors":"Ming Hu, Runfeng Sun, Tingting Huang, Min Liu, Huiyi Wu, Jiaping Wang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sepsis, characterized by life-threatening organ dysfunction, stems from an unregulated host response. Timely identification is pivotal for enhancing the prognosis of sepsis patients.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to explore the diagnostic and prognostic values of alkaline phosphatase on the surface membrane of neutrophils (mNAP) in peripheral blood among sepsis patients.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The study employed a retrospective design.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>This study was conducted at Donghai County People's Hospital.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>A total of 180 sepsis patients were selected and categorized into the sepsis shock group (n=45) and the sepsis non-shock group (n=135). Additionally, 35 patients with non-infectious systemic inflammatory response syndrome served as the control group.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>mNAP was assessed via flow cytometry, while serum procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured through immunoassay.</p><p><strong>Primary outcome measures: </strong>(1) Changes in mNAP, PCT, and CRP. (2) Correlation of mNAP with CRP and PCT in sepsis patients. (3) Diagnostic values of mNAP, PCT, and CRP in sepsis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistically significant differences in mNAP, PCT, and CRP were observed between the sepsis shock group, the sepsis non-shock group, and the control group (P = .000). The median value of mNAP (22627 Ab/c) in the 28-day death group was significantly higher than that (5100 Ab/c) in the survival group (P = .000). Spearman rank correlation analysis indicated a positive correlation between mNAP, PCT, and CRP in sepsis patients (P < .01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both mNAP and PCT exhibit superior diagnostic specificity and sensitivity compared to CRP. While mNAP demonstrates similar sensitivity to PCT in diagnosing sepsis, its diagnostic specificity surpasses that of PCT. mNAP holds promise as a novel marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis.</p>","PeriodicalId":7571,"journal":{"name":"Alternative therapies in health and medicine","volume":" ","pages":"65-69"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140847665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Structured Exercise on Swallowing and Pulmonary Functions in Cervicogenic Dysphagia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Ashraf Abdelaal Mohamed Abdelaal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cervicogenic dysphagia (CD) is a swallowing difficulty caused by cervical problems, typically impacting swallowing function (SF) and pulmonary function (PF).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore the effect of a structured exercise program comprising cervical stretching, strengthening, and stabilizing exercises on the SF and PF in patients with CD.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>32 patients (age 35-50 years) with CD were randomly allocated into a study group (n = 17) and a control group (n = 15). All participants received three sessions/week for 8 weeks.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>The study group received the structured exercise program and the swallow resistance exercise (SRE), while the control group received the SRE only.</p><p><strong>Outcome measures: </strong>The craniovertebral angle (CVA), SF (using the swallow-difficulty questionnaire \"SDQ\"), and PF (including forced vital capacity \"FVC\" and forced expiratory volume in one second \"FEV1\") were evaluated pre-study and post-study. Statistical comparisons were done using paired t-tests (within groups) and one-way ANOVA (between groups).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within the study group, significant reductions in the SDQ scores were observed (by -68.31%, P < .0001), along with a statistically significant increase in CVA (by 20.66%, P < .0001), FVC (by 8.16%, P < .0001), and FEV1 (by 6.69%, P = .02). The control group showed a significant reduction in SDQ (by -37.01%, P < .0001), along with a non-significant increase in CVA (by 1.43%, P = .24), FVC (by 0.22%, P = .34), and FEV1 (by 0.62%, P = .1). Between groups, the analysis revealed significant differences in SDQ (P < .0001), CVA (P < .0001), FVC (P < .0001), and FEV1 (P = .01), all in favor of the study group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A structured exercise program can effectively improve both swallowing function and pulmonary function in patients with cervicogenic dysphagia.</p>","PeriodicalId":7571,"journal":{"name":"Alternative therapies in health and medicine","volume":" ","pages":"12-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142880958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sudarshan Kriya Yoga Promotes Telomere Elongation: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Vinod Mony, Saumya Subramanian, Divya Kanchibhotla","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Telomere length has been identified as a marker for biological aging and stressful body states. Mind-body interventions for stress reduction such as meditation, yoga, and pranayama have been previously tested to evaluate their efficacy in restricting telomere shortening.</p><p><strong>Primary study objective: </strong>In this study, the effect of Sudarshan Kriya Yoga (SKY) is investigated for its influence on telomere length.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Isolating the genomic DNA from the blood, relative telomere length was found using a quantitative PCR method for the SKY intervention group and a control group. Telomere maintenance gene expression was assessed from a microarray gene expression dataset.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Sri Sri Institute for Advanced Research, Bangalore.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Employees, working at a corporate organization were the participants of this study. 11 individuals were enrolled in the intervention group while 5 were enrolled in the control group.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>The integrated yoga-meditation practice, Sudarshan Kriya Yoga (SKY).</p><p><strong>Primary outcome measures: </strong>The relative telomere length and the expression of telomere maintenance genes from the genomic DNA isolated from the participants' blood samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Telomere length after SKY increased significantly compared to the baseline. However, in the controls, the corresponding change was insignificant. The telomere maintenance gene expression analysis reveals an intervention response conducive to telomere length extension at the molecular level.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The extension of telomere length after SKY underscores its efficacy in stress reduction and improved health-span.</p>","PeriodicalId":7571,"journal":{"name":"Alternative therapies in health and medicine","volume":" ","pages":"6-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention and Management of Skin Aging in Unani System of Medicine: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Chand Bibi, Safder Husain","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The process of aging starts at birth and continues till death which affects human physiology and its appearance. According to Unani literature, the innate heat and innate moisture reduce gradually with increasing age. This decreasing innate heat and moisture weakens the Tabiyat and slows down bodily function, resulting in the low production of humor and a high production of extraneous moisture, which in turn alters temperament i.e., melancholic temperament which is susceptible to various ailments like skin-related problems. Unani literature is very rich in cosmeceuticals formulations that take care of the appearance and deal with cosmetic diseases in humans. The evolution of cosmetics and cosmeceuticals in Unani medicine was explored by the work of Unani Physicians of the pre and post-Hippocratic era. Zakariya Razi (854-925) established a chapter on cosmetology and principles for beautification under the name \"Zeenat wa araish\" in his famous book \"Kitab al-Mansuri\". Al-Zohrawi (936-1013 AD) was a cosmetologist and an Arab physician who wrote a voluminous medical encyclopedia \"Kitab al-Tasrif\" in 30 volumes, mentioning cosmetics. He distinguished cosmetics as a branch of medication and the drugs used to improve beauty as Advia Muzayyenah /Adwiyat al-Zinat. In this paper, the concept of skin aging, skin anti-aging strategies, skin care procedures, and prescriptions for beautification of the face as well as wrinkle reduction in the Unani system of medicine has been discussed in detail.</p>","PeriodicalId":7571,"journal":{"name":"Alternative therapies in health and medicine","volume":" ","pages":"38-41"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142880968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}