American Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Safety and Efficacy of Half-dose and Half-fluence Photodynamic Therapy in Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Michele Zaman, Andrew Mihalache, Ryan S Huang, Nirmay Shah, Marko M Popovic, Peter J Kertes, Rajeev H Muni, Radha P Kohly","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2024.11.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2024.11.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the comparative efficacy and safety of half-dose photodynamic therapy (PDT) and half-fluence PDT in the management of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (cCSCR).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Systematic review and meta-analysis METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted on Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, covering publications from January 2000 to March 2024. The review focused on studies reporting the efficacy and safety of half-dose PDT compared to half-fluence PDT in treating cCSCR. The primary outcome was the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at the last study observation. Secondary outcomes included retinal thickness (RT), the presence of subretinal fluid (SRF), and SRF recurrence across follow-up visits. Random effects meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 10 studies (eight observational and two randomized controlled trials) were included in the analysis. The results indicated that half-dose PDT and half-fluence PDT achieved similar BCVA at 1 month (p=0.24), 3 months (p=0.40), and 6 months (p=0.16). Similarly, there were no significant differences in RT at 1 month (p=0.23), 3 months (p=0.99), and at 6 months (p=0.54) between the two treatment protocols. Both treatment protocols were associated with minor complications, indicating similar safety profiles in patients with CSCR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest that both half-dose and half-fluence PDT are effective and safe for treating CSCR, with no significant differences in BCVA, RT, or SRF resolution between the two modalities. These results support flexibility in selecting treatment based on individual patient needs. Further research with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up is required to optimize these protocols and confirm these results.</p>","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142738041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Contrast Sensitivity, Optical Coherence Tomography Features and Progression From Intermediate to Late Age-related Macular Degeneration.","authors":"Cade Bennett, Francesco Romano, Filippos Vingopoulos, Mauricio Garcia, Xinyi Ding, Augustine Bannerman, Ioanna Ploumi, Dimitrios Ntentakis, Isabella Stettler, Katherine Overbey, Grace Baldwin, Romy Bejjani, Itika Garg, Jocelyn Rodriguez, Inês Laìns, Leo A Kim, Demetrios Vavvas, Deeba Husain, Joan W Miller, John B Miller","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2024.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2024.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Establishing associations between structure, function, and clinical outcomes in intermediate age-related macular degeneration (iAMD) remains an unmet need. This study aims to (1) cross-sectionally investigate the relationships between optical coherence tomography (OCT) biomarkers and quantitative contrast sensitivity function (qCSF)-measured contrast sensitivity (CS), and (2) longitudinally assess their relationship with progression from iAMD to late stages of the disease.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional and cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our study was conducted at Massachusetts Eye and Ear (Boston, MA, USA) and included eyes with (1) baseline diagnosis of iAMD, (2) same-day OCT and qCSF test, (3) visual acuity ≥20/200 Snellen, and (4) 24+ months of follow-up. qCSF metrics included the area under the logCSF curve, contrast acuity, and CS thresholds at 1- to 18-cycle-per-degree (cpd). Two independent graders reviewed macular OCT scans for various biomarkers, and outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) volume were measured. Progression to wet AMD or geographic atrophy (GA) was confirmed using imaging studies. Generalized linear mixed-effects models assessed associations between qCSF and OCT biomarkers, while Cox regression models evaluated their association with progression to late AMD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 205 iAMD eyes from 134 patients (age: 73 [69-78] years; 63% female). Higher RPE volume in the central subfield and a greater number of intraretinal hyperreflective foci were associated with reduced area under the logCSF curve, contrast acuity, and CS at 6 to 12 cpd (P < .05). ONL thinning in the inner ring and a greater number of intraretinal hyperreflective foci were associated with reduced CS at 1 and 3 cpd (P < .05). During follow-up, 35 eyes developed wet AMD (17%) and 53 progressed to GA (26%). subretinal drusenoid deposit, ONL thinning in the inner ring, and reduced CS at 1.5 cpd were associated with wet AMD (P < .05). Higher RPE volume in the inner ring, hyporeflective drusen cores, subretinal drusenoid deposit, higher HRF count, and reduced CS at 1 cpd were associated with GA (P < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study reveals significant structure-function relationships between OCT biomarkers and qCSF-measured CS in iAMD. These findings highlight the impact of AMD alterations on CS function and offer valuable insights for patient stratification and prognostication in research and clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"175-187"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142738129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Falls and Multiple Falls Among United States Older Adults With Vision Impairment.","authors":"Jonathan Thomas, Louay Almidani, Pradeep Ramulu, Varshini Varadaraj","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2024.11.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2024.11.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between visual impairment (VI) and falls in United States older adults.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective cross-sectional and cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study 2021 and 2022. Participants were Medicare beneficiaries ≥71 years. Exposures were any VI - defined as distance or near VI (>0.3 logMAR), or contrast sensitivity (CS) impairment (<1.55 logCS) -and changes in distance visual acuity ([DVA], logMAR/y), near visual acuity ([NVA], logMAR/y), or CS (logCS/y). Outcomes were self-reported falls in the past 12 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>2822 participants were included in the analysis. At baseline, adults with any VI had greater rates of falls (rate ratio = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.04-1.30) and multiple falls (rate ratio = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.01-1.49) than peers without VI. In longitudinal analysis, adults with any VI at baseline did not have a greater risk of falls or multiple falls in the following year compared to peers without VI; only worse CS (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.01-1.06, per 0.1 logCS worse) and DVA (HR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.04-1.18, per 0.1 logMAR worse) were associated with a greater risk of falls and multiple falls, respectively. However, in other models, change in NVA (HR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.01-1.08, per 0.1 logMAR worse/y) was associated with greater fall risk over the follow-up period. Further, change in CS (HR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.05-1.18, per 0.1 logCS worse/y) was associated with a greater risk of multiple falls, while changes in DVA and NVA were not.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Older United States adults with VI are more likely to experience a fall, with various components of their vision influencing the fall risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"166-174"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142737966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Still Bleeding: Reflux Hemorrhage and Hyphema During Gonioscopy in a Patient with a History of GATT Surgery 8 Years Previously.","authors":"Gizem Taskin, Nese Alagoz, Ihsan Cakir","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2024.11.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2024.11.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142708703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-Related Differences in Speaker Introductions at Ophthalmology Grand Rounds.","authors":"Ryan S Huang, Andrew Mihalache, Sumana C Naidu, Jim S Xie, Marko M Popovic, Amandeep S Rai, Peter J Kertes, Rajeev H Muni, Radha P Kohly","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2024.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2024.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Sex bias remains a pervasive reality in academic medicine, often reflected in subtle linguistic choices, which can skew perceptions of competence and perpetuate workplace inequity. This study aims to investigate the relationship between host sex, speaker sex, and speaker introduction practices in ophthalmology grand rounds events.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Publicly accessible videos of English-language ophthalmology grand rounds and other teaching events uploaded by academic institutions in the United States and Canada from January 2019 to June 2024 were analyzed by two independent reviewers. The primary outcome was the proportion of male and female speakers introduced with the formal title \"Dr.\" by the event host. Secondary outcomes included the proportion of male and female speakers introduced with their academic degrees, current academic appointments, awards or achievements, and research interests. Univariable and multivariable logistic regressions adjusted for the speaker's degree type(s), academic appointment, and affiliation were performed using Stata v17.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1,450 videos screened, 399 speaker introductions across 298 ophthalmology teaching sessions were analyzed. The formal title \"Dr.\" was employed by the event host in 75.2% (n = 300/399) of speaker introductions. In multivariable analysis, female speakers were significantly less likely to be introduced by their formal title (OR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.25-0.78, P < .001), academic degrees (OR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.35-0.97, P = .03) and their awards or achievements (OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.35-0.95, P = .04) compared to male speakers. Interaction terms between speaker and host sex were significant for formal title use (P = .03) and academic degrees (P = .04), prompting subgroup analyses by host sex. Findings were consistent when stratified by male hosts, while there was no difference in the likelihood of introducing male or female speakers with their formal titles, academic degrees, or awards/achievements when introduced by female hosts. Female speakers were significantly more likely to present on nonclinical topics compared to male speakers (OR = 2.39, 95% CI: 1.36-4.79, P < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>When introduced by male hosts, female speakers were less likely to be addressed using a formal title compared with male speakers, while no significant differences were observed when female hosts introduced speakers of either sex. A standardized approach to introducing speakers may be beneficial in mitigating sex biases during grand rounds and other academic events.</p>","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"79-85"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-Stage Orbital Decompression Combined With Intraoperative Muscle Relaxation for TAO: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Lu Chen, Yiping Sun, Weijie Liu, Jie Ye, Xiaozhou Hu, Wei Rao, Jiayi Zhang, Mengyuan Gao, Wencan Wu, Yunhai Tu","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2024.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2024.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To gauge the efficacy and safety of performing a one-stage endoscopic orbital decompression procedure combined with the intraoperative relaxed medial rectus muscle (MR) positioning technique as a means of treating esotropia associated with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective, single-blind, randomized controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>38 TAO patients fulfilled the study requirements. The patients in Group A (n=19; mean age 52.32 ± 9.90 years; 12 males, 7 females) underwent a one-stage surgical procedure, whereas the patients in Group B (n=19; mean age 52.53 ± 8.49 years; 9 males, 10 females) underwent staged surgery. Preoperative and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), visual field mean deviation (MD), Hertel exophthalmometry, intraocular pressure (IOP), deviation, ocular motility, and diplopia were compared between these two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the patients in Group A, 8 (42.11%) underwent unilateral orbital decompression and 11 underwent bilateral decompression, while all 19 patients in Group B underwent bilateral decompression. Both groups exhibited significant improvements in postoperative BCVA (Group A 0.09 ± 0.15 logMAR, Group B 0.04 ± 0.08 logMAR), MD of visual field (Group A -2.73 ± 3.36 dB, Group B -1.82 ± 3.75 dB), proptosis (Group A 16.23 ± 2.58 mm, Group B 17.04 ± 2.70 mm), and IOP (Group A 16.23 ± 4.49 mmHg, Group B 17.24 ± 4.14 mmHg) when comparing postoperative values to preoperative levels, while there were no significant differences between these groups. In each group, 8 patients (42.11%) underwent surgical procedures targeting one single MR, whereas the remaining 11 in each group underwent surgery on two MRs. The respective primary motor and sensory success rates in Group A were 68.40% (13/19) and 78.95% (15/19), whereas those in Group B were 73.70% (14/19) and 84.21% (16/19), with no significant differences between these groups in terms of postoperative residual strabismus, stereoscopic vision improvements, or success rates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results demonstrate that a one-stage surgical procedure can simultaneously alleviate proptosis and diplopia while achieving outcomes comparable to those achieved through staged surgery. This treatment strategy can thus provide patients with greater therapeutic convenience, decreasing the overall number of surgical procedures and their attendant risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"127-137"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Sociodemographic Factors and Self-Reported Diabetic Retinopathy: A Cross-sectional, Population-Based Analysis.","authors":"Michele Zaman, Chris Zajner, Jim Xie, Nikhil S Patil, Lana Moayad, Marko Popovic, Peter J Kertes, Rajeev H Muni, Radha P Kohly","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2024.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2024.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sociodemographic and healthcare access factors with self-reported diabetic retinopathy (DR) prevalence in a nationally representative sample of the United States.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This is a population based, cross-sectional analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from those who answered the question, \"Have you ever been told by a doctor or other health professional that you had diabetic retinopathy?\" from the 2017 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) was analyzed through logistic regression to examine the association between DR prevalence and social determinants of health (SDH).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 26,966 eligible NHIS respondents (81.4%), 26,699 participants answered the DR question, of whom 266 (1.0%) self-reported a DR diagnosis. Multivariable analysis found a significant association between DR prevalence and the following social determinants of health:, poorer health status (OR = 5.9; 95% CI = 3.6-9.7; P < .001), disability (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.3-3.2; P = .001), no employment status (OR = 1.8; 95% CI = 1.2-2.9; P = .009), and living in Southern regions of the US (OR = 1.9; 95% CI = 1.1-3.3; P = .020). Not having a usual place for healthcare (OR 0.3; 95% CI 0.1-0.7; P = .006) and female sex (OR = 0.6; 95% CI = 0.4-0.8; P = .002) were negatively associated with self-reported DR prevalence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Multiple sociodemographic factors are associated with self-reported DR prevalence. Health care providers and policymakers should tailor future interventions to address SDH in a holistic model of DR screening and care.</p>","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"138-148"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142666779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repeatability of Microperimetry in areas of RPE and Photoreceptor loss in Geographic Atrophy supported by AI-based OCT biomarker quantification.","authors":"Leonard M Coulibaly, Klaudia Birner, Azin Zarghami, Markus Gumpinger, Simon Schürer-Waldheim, Philipp Fuchs, Hrvoje Bogunović, Ursula Schmidt-Erfurth, Gregor S Reiter","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Growing interest in microperimetry (MP) or fundus-controlled perimetry (FCP) as targeted psychometric testing method in geographic atrophy (GA) is warranted due to the disease subclinical/extra-foveal appearance or preexisting foveal loss with visual acuity becoming unreliable. We provide comprehensive pointwise test-retest repeatability reference values on the most widely used MP devices and combine them with targeted testing in areas of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) as well as photoreceptor (PR) integrity loss, guiding the interpretation of sensitivity loss during the long-term follow-up of GA patients.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective reliability study METHODS: Patients with GA underwent consecutive testing on CenterVue (iCare) MAIA and NIDEK MP3 devices. Obtained PWS measurements were spatially co-registered to an optical coherence tomography (OCT) volume scan acquired during the same visit. Areas with RPE and PR integrity loss, drusen and PR thickness as well as the volume of hyperreflective foci (HRF) where identified and quantified using a set of validated deep learning-based algorithms. Test-retest repeatability was assessed according to areas defined by biomarker-specific morphologic changes using Bland-Altmann coefficients of repeatability (CoR). Furthermore, the inter-device correlation, the repeatability of scotoma point detection as well as any potential effects on fixation stability were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>900 stimuli per device from twenty subjects were included. Identical overall PWS test-retest variance could be detected for MAIA (±6.57) and MP3 (±6.59). PR integrity loss was associated with a higher test-retest variance on both devices (MAIA: p=0.002; MP3: p<0.001). Higher CoR for stimuli in areas presenting RPE loss (±10.99 vs ±5.34) or HRF (±9.21 vs ±6.25) could only be detected on MP3 examinations (p<0.001 and p=0.01, respectively). An excellent intra-device correlation (MAIA: 0.94[0.93-0.95] MP3: 0.94[0.94-0.95]) and a good mean inter-device correlation (0.84[0.53-0.92]) could be demonstrated. The chosen device, run order or absence of foveal sparing had no significant effect on fixation stability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Areas presenting automatically quantified PR integrity loss with and without underlying RPE loss are associated with higher test-retest variance for both MAIA and MP3. These findings are crucial for an accurate interpretation of GA progression during long-term follow-up and the planning of future trials with microperimetry testing as functional study endpoint.</p>","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142638517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histiocytosis Advancements Parallel Ophthalmic Innovations: The LXXXI Edward Jackson Memorial Lecture.","authors":"Jasmine H Francis","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2024.10.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2024.10.030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To highlight innovations in ophthalmic oncology through histiocytosis advancements.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Perspective and retrospective review.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The literature outlining the recent advancements in histiocytosis and ocular oncology was reviewed and combined with trial data and personal recollection. Intersections between these two fields were discussed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The understanding of genetic mutations in disease-both in which cells they occur and the timing of mutation development-has expanded in tandem for the fields of ophthalmic oncology and histiocytosis. Similarly, advancements in diagnostic and treatment technology in one field can help patients in the other. For example, in one study, cell-free DNA testing reliably detected mutations in 14 of 18 (78%) patients with suspected histiocytosis. This technique has also been used in ophthalmic oncology as an alternative to invasive biopsy to avoid the risk of tumor externalization, vision impairment, and other side effects. These and other advancements have allowed both fields to utilize targeted agents to successfully treat diseases with an actionable mutation; or deliver more targeted chemotherapy via the intraarterial technique.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The explosion of molecular genetics technology and targeted therapies has revolutionized cancer treatment, including histiocytosis and ophthalmic oncology. Recent progress in both fields has shown how these seemingly disparate areas have many intersections, and this speaks to the collaborative spirit that is inherent in clinical research.</p>","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"104-118"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142612075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on Ophthalmic Immune-Related Adverse Events and Association With Survival: Results From a Real-World Database.","authors":"Flora Lum","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2024.10.034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2024.10.034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142612066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}