American Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Comment on: Multifocal Vitelliform Paravascular Retinopathy (MVPR): A New Disorder in the Vitelliform Spectrum.","authors":"Camiel J F Boon","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.01.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.01.026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on: Pentosan Polysulfate Maculopathy: Final Outcomes From a 4-Year Prospective Study of Disease Progression After Drug Cessation","authors":"Salih Uzun , Maria Paula Fernandez , Salih Uzun , Fatma Uzun","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.01.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.01.027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"274 ","pages":"Page 296"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unplanned Return to the Operating Room After Cataract Surgery","authors":"Mallory K. Suazo ,&nbsp;Malik Muhammad Hamza Khan ,&nbsp;Anam Akhlaq ,&nbsp;Muhammad Ali ,&nbsp;Oliver D. Schein ,&nbsp;Fasika A. Woreta","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.03.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.03.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>PURPOSE</h3><div>To determine the rate of unplanned return to the operating room (OR) within 90 days of cataract surgery and to identify the most common preoperative and intraoperative risk factors.</div></div><div><h3>DESIGN</h3><div>Retrospective case-control study.</div></div><div><h3>SUBJECTS AND CONTROLS</h3><div>Patients aged ≥40 years undergoing cataract surgery at the Wilmer Eye Institute between 2019 and 2022 with at least 90 days of postoperative follow-up were included. Patients with return to the OR for a reason other than a postoperative complication of cataract surgery in the same eye were excluded. For each case, a time-matched control (cataract surgery within 1 month of the case's surgery) was selected using a random number generator.</div></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><div>The chi-squared test was used for categorical variables, the student's <em>t</em>-test for continuous variables, and the multivariable logistic regression analysis to assess for associated preoperative and intraoperative factors.</div></div><div><h3>MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES</h3><div>The main outcomes included the rate and the most common reasons for unplanned return to the OR as well as the odds ratios of associated preoperative and intraoperative variables.</div></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><div>Among 32,480 eyes, 175 eyes (0.54%) had an unplanned return to the OR within 21 ± 21 days of cataract surgery. The most common reason was retained lens fragments in 88 eyes (50%). Patients with an unplanned return to the OR had a worse mean best-corrected visual acuity preoperatively (Snellen equivalent of ∼20/100 for cases vs 20/50 for controls, p-value &lt; .001) and at last follow-up (cases 20/50, controls 20/30, p-value &lt; .001). There were significantly higher odds of an unplanned return to the OR for patients undergoing complex cataract surgery (odds ratio, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.06-3.05) and for patients with prior tamsulosin use (odds ratio, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.09-3.69).</div></div><div><h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3><div>Patients undergoing complex cataract surgery and those with prior tamsulosin use had significantly higher odds of unplanned return to the OR. Monitoring rates of unplanned return to the OR at the institutional and national levels by using national clinical registries or a multicenter study is needed to assist in quality monitoring and to improve patient surgical outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"274 ","pages":"Pages 241-248"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to Comment on “Pentosan Polysulfate Maculopathy: Final Outcomes From a 4-Year Prospective Study of Disease Progression After Drug Cessation”","authors":"BRIAN P. HALL ,&nbsp;SAKSHI SHIROMANI ,&nbsp;EMILY H. JUNG ,&nbsp;RILEY J. LYONS ,&nbsp;JUDITH TRIBE ,&nbsp;NIERAJ JAIN","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.03.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.03.015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"274 ","pages":"Pages 297-298"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dropped Lens Fragments Retrieval Using Endoscopy-Assisted Pars Plana Vitrectomy in Patients With Corneal Opacity","authors":"Amanda K. Hertel,&nbsp;Martin A. Mainster,&nbsp;Mary Champion,&nbsp;Radwan S. Ajlan","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.03.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.03.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>PURPOSE</h3><div>To characterize the surgical outcomes of endoscopy-assisted pars plana vitrectomy (E-PPV) in dropped lens fragments retrieval in patients with corneal opacity.</div></div><div><h3>BACKGROUND</h3><div>Corneal opacity may delay dropped lens fragment retrieval because of limited fundus view. E-PPV permits posterior segment visualization through corneal opacity. There are limited data on E-PPV use for dropped lens fragments retrieval in the literature.</div></div><div><h3>DESIGN</h3><div>Retrospective cohort study.</div></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><div>A retrospective chart review was performed of dropped lens fragments retrieval procedures done between 2013 and 2023 at a tertiary referral center. Data were collected on the surgical approach, visual acuity (VA), and intraocular pressure (IOP), as well as complication rates including retinal detachment (RD), cystoid macular edema (CME), and epiretinal membrane formation (ERM). Statistical analysis was performed using <em>t</em> tests and chi-square tests. Statistical significance was defined as a <em>P</em> value of .05.</div></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><div>There were 74 patients who met the inclusion criteria (31 patients had E-PPV, and 43 patients had standard pars plana vitrectomy [S-PPV]). Groups were balanced in age and gender. Postoperative CME rate was 25.8% after E-PPV and 25.58% after S-PPV (<em>P</em> = .95). Postoperative RD rate was 0% after E-PPV and 7% S-PPV (<em>P</em> = .13). After 1 year, there was no difference in postoperative VA, IOP, and rates of RD, CME, or ERM between groups. Interval time to dropped lens retrieval did not change the final outcome in either group.</div></div><div><h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3><div>This study showed that performing E-PPV to extract dropped lens fragments through corneal opacity had similar final outcomes compared with S-PPV, regardless of the interval time to surgery after the dropped lens fragments. Removing dropped lens fragments using E-PPV before cornea opacity clearance provided outcomes similar to those of delayed cases. Further studies are needed on the psychological benefit in patients undergoing dropped lens removal sooner than others.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"274 ","pages":"Pages 258-263"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Sustained Suppression of VEGF Be Achieved by Topical Ocular Delivery?","authors":"David Bingaman, Tejaswini Appidi, Jahnavi Pejavar, Laura M Ensign","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.03.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.03.016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socioeconomic Status Mediates and Modifies Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Incisional Glaucoma Surgical Outcomes","authors":"Ken Kitayama ,&nbsp;Yusuke Tsugawa ,&nbsp;Akihiro Nishi ,&nbsp;Anne L. Coleman","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.03.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>PURPOSE</h3><div>To estimate the proportion of racial and ethnic disparities observed in glaucoma surgical outcomes that can be eliminated by curbing differences in socioeconomic status (SES).</div></div><div><h3>DESIGN</h3><div>Retrospective cohort study.</div></div><div><h3>SUBJECTS</h3><div>The entire population of 2016-2018 California (CA) fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries with a claim for incisional glaucoma surgery (trabeculectomy, tube shunt, or EX-PRESS shunt).</div></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><div>The primary exposure was race and ethnicity, stratified into: Non-Latinx White (as the reference category), Black, Latinx, Asian/Pacific Islander (PI), and Other. The SES mediator was dichotomized to low vs. nonlow based on dual-eligibility for Medicaid. Outcome (time to failure event) was defined as having a claim for a glaucoma surgery revision or reoperation event.</div></div><div><h3>MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES</h3><div>The total effect (TE) estimated the entire racial and ethnic disparity. The controlled direct effect (CDE) estimated the remaining disparity after fixing SES to nonlow for all, and the proportion eliminated (PE) estimated the proportion of the disparity eliminated after uniform SES assignment. The TE and CDE estimates are interpreted as hazards ratios given time-to-event modeling using Cox proportional hazards.</div></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><div>The final analytical sample included a total of 5985 unique CA beneficiaries. After uniformly fixing SES to nonlow, the racial and ethnic disparity for Black patients dissipated most (TE: 1.18, 95% CI: 0.99-1.41; CDE: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.80-1.77), followed by Latinx patients (TE: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.08-1.51; CDE: 1.10, 95% CI: 0.90-1.35), Other race and ethnicity patients (TE: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.03-1.70; CDE: 1.24, 95% CI: 0.91-1.68), and Asian/PI patients (TE: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.02-1.36; CDE: 1.21, 95% CI: 0.99-1.47). The PE estimates suggest that equalizing SES would eliminate varying levels of disparities, with a maximum of 96% for Black patients (PE: 0.96, 95% CI: −0.27 to 2.19), followed by 54% for Latinx patients (PE: 0.54, 95% CI: −0.25 to 1.33), and no significant change for Other race and ethnicity (PE: 0.24, 95% CI: −0.49 to 0.97), and Asian/PI patients (PE: −0.18, 95% CI: −1.11 to 0.75).</div></div><div><h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3><div>We found that SES mediates racial and ethnic disparities in glaucoma surgical outcomes, though by varying amounts by individual racial and ethnic group. Of note, addressing SES differences would eliminate 96% of the disparity for Black beneficiaries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"274 ","pages":"Pages 249-257"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Distinctions Between Reticular Pseudodrusen and Drusen: A Genome-Wide Association Study","authors":"Roy Schwartz ,&nbsp;Alasdair N. Warwick ,&nbsp;Anthony P. Khawaja ,&nbsp;Robert Luben ,&nbsp;Hagar Khalid ,&nbsp;Sumita Phatak ,&nbsp;Mahima Jhingan ,&nbsp;Coen de Vente ,&nbsp;Philippe Valmaggia ,&nbsp;Sandra Liakopoulos ,&nbsp;Abraham Olvera-Barrios ,&nbsp;Clara I. Sánchez ,&nbsp;Catherine Egan ,&nbsp;Roberto Bonelli ,&nbsp;Adnan Tufail","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.03.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><div>To identify genetic determinants specific to reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) compared with drusen.</div></div><div><h3>DESIGN</h3><div>Genome-wide association study (GWAS)</div></div><div><h3>SUBJECTS</h3><div>Participants with RPD, drusen, and controls from the UK Biobank (UKBB), a large, multisite, community-based cohort.</div></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><div>Participants with RPD, drusen, and controls from the UK Biobank (UKBB), a large, multisite, community-based cohort, were included. A deep learning framework analyzed 169,370 optical coherence tomography (OCT) volumes to identify cases and controls within the UKBB. Five retina specialists validated the cohorts using OCT and color fundus photographs. Several GWAS were undertaken utilizing the quantity and presence of RPD and drusen. Genome-wide significance was defined as <em>P</em> &lt; 5e-8.</div></div><div><h3>MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES</h3><div>Genetic associations were examined with the number of RPD and drusen within ‘pure’ cases, where only RPD or drusen were present in either eye. A candidate approach assessed 46 previously known AMD loci. Secondary GWAS were conducted for number of RPD and drusen in mixed cases, and binary case-control analyses for pure RPD and pure drusen.</div></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><div>The study included 1787 participants: 1037 controls, 361 pure drusen, 66 pure RPD, and 323 mixed cases. The primary pure RPD GWAS identified four genome-wide significant loci: rs11200630 near <em>ARMS2</em>-<em>HTRA1</em> (<em>P</em> = 1.9e-09), rs79641866 at <em>PARD3B</em> (<em>P</em> = 1.3e-08), rs143184903 near <em>ITPR1</em> (<em>P</em> = 8.1e-09), and rs76377757 near <em>SLN</em> (<em>P</em> = 4.3e-08). The latter three are uncommon variants (minor allele frequency &lt;5%). A significant association at the <em>CFH</em> locus was also observed using a candidate approach (<em>P</em> = 1.8e-04). For pure drusen, two loci reached genome-wide significance: rs10801555 at <em>CFH</em> (<em>P</em> = 6.0e-33) and rs61871744 at <em>ARMS2</em>-<em>HTRA1</em> (<em>P</em> = 4.2e-20).</div></div><div><h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3><div>The study highlights a clear association between the <em>ARMS2-HTRA1</em> locus and higher RPD load. Although the <em>CFH</em> locus association did not achieve genome-wide significance, a suggestive link was observed. Three novel associations unique to RPD were identified, albeit for uncommon genetic variants. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to explore these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"274 ","pages":"Pages 286-295"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in the Incidence of Retinal Artery and Vein Occlusion Before and After COVID-19: A National Study in South Korea (2017-2022)","authors":"JIN CHO ,&nbsp;NANG KYEONG LEE ,&nbsp;JIN YEONG KIM ,&nbsp;CHRISTOPHER SEUNGKYU LEE ,&nbsp;SUK HO BYEON ,&nbsp;SUNG SOO KIM ,&nbsp;SEUNG WON LEE ,&nbsp;YONG JOON KIM","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study investigated the incidence of new retinal artery occlusion (RAO) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO) during the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic compared to pre-outbreak periods in South Korea.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>Individuals diagnosed with RAO or RVO.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We evaluated data from 326 154 patients diagnosed with RAO (<em>n</em> = 32 028), RVO (<em>n</em> = 304 405), or both (<em>n</em> = 10 279) from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2022. We calculated the incidence rate ratios (IRR) of RAO and RVO using 2019 as the reference year, making comparisons across the total population and within age and sex subgroups. We examined correlations between the number of new RVO patients and COVID-19 infected or vaccinated persons. Additionally, we compared the systemic characteristics of individuals with RAO and RVO, adjusting for multiple comparisons with Bonferroni correction.</div></div><div><h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3><div>Annual IRRs of RAO and RVO.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The IRR for RAO showed no significant increase across all age and sex subgroups. Contrastingly, RVO exhibited a consistent IRR in 2020; however, significant increases were observed in 2021 and 2022 among those aged 20-39 years (adjusted IRR in 2021, 1.22, 95% CI, 1.15-1.29; adjusted IRR in 2022, 1.12, 95% CI, 1.06-1.18) as well as those aged 40-64 years (adjusted IRR in 2021, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.09-1.13; adjusted IRR in 2022, 1.11, 95% CI, 1.08-1.12). No correlations were found between the monthly number of patients with RVO and the number of individuals infected with or vaccinated against COVID-19. Additionally, a higher proportion of patients with RVO having hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and chronic liver disease were seen in 2021 and 2022, as analyzed by ANOVA with Bonferroni correction.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The incidence of RAO did not increase during the COVID-19 outbreak. However, the incidence of RVO increased during the pandemic, especially in 2021 and 2022, with the highest rates observed in the 40-64 years age group, likely linked to increases in metabolic diseases rather than COVID-19 infection and vaccination. Further research is warranted to confirm these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"274 ","pages":"Pages 101-111"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Visceral Fat Metabolism Score and Cataract Risk in US Adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999 to 2008","authors":"Wen Guo ,&nbsp;Hongfei Xue ,&nbsp;Qing Li ,&nbsp;Zimu Wen ,&nbsp;Zhihuan Zhou ,&nbsp;Yujun Dong ,&nbsp;Meiqin He ,&nbsp;Yankai Li ,&nbsp;Fangfei Li ,&nbsp;Yi Tong","doi":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.03.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajo.2025.03.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>PURPOSE</h3><div>The present work focused on investigating the relation of visceral fat metabolic score (METS-VF) with cataract prevalence among the American adults.</div></div><div><h3>DESIGN</h3><div>A cross-sectional study.</div></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><div>This cross-sectional study, based on the U.S. population, used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 1999 and 2008. For assessing the association of METS-VF with cataract, we employed multivariable logistic regression analysis, subgroup analyses, and restricted cubic splines (RCS) analysis for exploring their relation. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to compare the cataract diagnostic abilities of METS-VF, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR).</div></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><div>There were altogether 2,730 participants included, of whom 290 had cataract.METS-VF was significantly related to cataract (<em>P</em> &lt; .001). As METS-VF quartiles increased, cataract prevalence also increased (Q1: 1.90%, Q2: 6.74%, Q3: 10.25%, Q4: 23.61%). After adjusting for all variables, METS-VF still showed positive relation to cataract prevalence (odds ratio (OR) = 3.14, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.67, 5.93). Subgroup analysis revealed a consistent relationship between METS-VF and cataracts across different groups. The RCS results showed that there was no significant nonlinear relationship between METS-VF and cataracts (<em>P−non−linear</em> = 0.209). ROC curve analysis showed that METS-VF outperformed BMI, WC, and WHtR in cataract prediction.</div></div><div><h3>CONCLUSION</h3><div>METS-VF is significantly positively related to a higher cataract prevalence, and this relationship remains robust across various subgroups. Additionally, METS-VF demonstrates a stronger predictive ability for cataract than BMI, WC, and WHtR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7568,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"274 ","pages":"Pages 184-195"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}