Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment最新文献

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148095291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted herbicide cost requirements for adoption of See & Spray technology and ways to improve area sprayed","authors":"Tristen H. Avent,&nbsp;Jason K. Norsworthy,&nbsp;Thomas R. Butts,&nbsp;Gerson L. Drescher,&nbsp;Lawton L. Nalley","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.70324","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Adopting targeted herbicide applications creates a dynamic problem for producers when considering the economic viability of See &amp; Spray. Research was conducted to estimate how weed area, area sprayed, nozzle selection, sensitivity settings, crops, and regions influence potential herbicide savings with the John Deere See &amp; Spray technology. From 2023 through 2024, producers covered over 510,000 ha and sprayed 212,000 ha with See &amp; Spray technology in the United States. Ways to improve herbicide savings via See &amp; Spray included using narrow nozzle angles rather than wider fan angles and adjusting the sensitivity setting to detect less weed area. Cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> L.) had a higher weed area than soybean [<i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merr.; 16.6% vs. 5.1%]. Lower sensitivity settings tended to detect less weed area than higher settings (5.1% at the lowest setting, 9% at the medium setting, and 15.8% at the highest setting). On average, producers needed to spend &gt;$27 ha⁻¹ on herbicides in a single application with See &amp; Spray Premium and &gt;$39 ha⁻¹ with See &amp; Spray Ultimate to economically justify using the technology over a broadcast sprayer. Results indicate that differences in targeted herbicide cost requirements to break even were within $1–$2 ha⁻¹ across regions and within a crop and technology. Ways to improve areas sprayed with targeted applications, factors to consider before application, and insights on ensuring producers’ profitability when adopting this technology are highlighted.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70324","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147668646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential for the American toad (Anaxyrus americanus) to contribute to biological control in a vegetable agroecosystem","authors":"Margaret R. Douglas,&nbsp;Madeline DuBoyce,&nbsp;Valerie Kuppek,&nbsp;Abigail Marich,&nbsp;Mairi K. P. Poisson,&nbsp;Aleah Spiro,&nbsp;Scott Boback","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.70314","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The American toad (<i>Anaxyrus americanus</i>) is a native insectivorous amphibian common in agricultural fields in eastern North America. Past research on this and related species suggests potential for positive or negative effects on pest populations, depending on the prevalence of intraguild predation. We investigated the ecological role of the American toad in a vegetable agroecosystem in Pennsylvania, USA, by (1) characterizing stomach contents of field-collected individuals in relation to prey availability, (2) identifying drivers of toad foraging behavior through a laboratory experiment, and (3) assessing the net impact of toads on the arthropod community and kale productivity in a preliminary field mesocosm experiment. In toad stomach samples collected across the growing season, rove beetles, ants, ground beetles, and spiders accounted for &gt;80% of the prey consumed. The prevalence of prey taxa in toad stomachs was moderately correlated to field availability after tiny invertebrates were removed (<i>R</i>² = 0.37–0.63). In the laboratory, prey size and movement were more important than prey trophic group in predicting toad foraging behaviors; toads were most likely to attack prey that were &gt;4 mm and actively moving. In field mesocosms, toads significantly reduced the activity-density of ants and ground beetles yet did not increase pest damage or decrease kale productivity. Our results suggest that the American toad is likely neutral in relation to kale production but deserves further study in a wider range of crop species, owing to the contingency of its effects on traits of crop, pest, and predatory taxa that vary across cropping systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70314","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147668813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of historical climate change and its impacts on bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in Central Oromia, Ethiopia","authors":"Seifu Kibebew,&nbsp;Nigussie Dechassa,&nbsp;Yibekal Alemayehu,&nbsp;Feyera Merga,&nbsp;Girma Megersa","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.70317","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines the impact of climate change on bread wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) yield in Central Oromia, Ethiopia, using climate and yield data from the past 32 years. Historical daily climate data were obtained from the Ethiopian Meteorological Institute, while observed wheat yield data were collected from the respective Zonal Agricultural Offices. Correlation analysis was used to assess climate–yield relationships, and simulated yield data were generated using multiple regression analysis to estimate yield responses to climate change. Trend and variability analyses were applied to evaluate climate patterns and their effects on wheat production. Results show significant increases in maximum temperatures at all stations, while minimum temperatures increased at 37.5%–75% of the stations. Annual rainfall increased at 37.5% of stations and decreased at 12.5%. Rainfall variability showed high concentration and irregular distribution, with annual precipitation concentration index values of 16%–20% and seasonal values exceeding 20%. Drought conditions, based on the Rainfall Anomaly Index, occurred in 72% of the years, classified as 22% extreme, 34% severe, and 44% moderate drought. The growing season started between 153 and 210 day of year (DOY) and ended at 275–282 DOY, lasting 101–120 days with 69–103 rainy days. Dry spell lengths during the growing season were below 5%, declined to nearly zero at peak season, and sharply increased in September, reaching 90%–100% by month's end across all stations. Climatic factors explained 43%–85% of wheat yield variability, although non-climatic factors also contributed. Overall, findings emphasize climate variability impacts on wheat production and the need for adaptive strategies and further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70317","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147288473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of soil tillage and fertility management on acid phosphatase activity in corn (Zea mays L.) in two long-term crop rotations","authors":"Almagul Malimbayeva,&nbsp;Maksat Batyrbek,&nbsp;Larry Cihacek,&nbsp;Joel Bell,&nbsp;Ezra Aberle","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.70305","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Enzyme activity studies provide an indicator of soil health related to soil management practices. As land area seeded to corn (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) and corn yields increase in this region, demands for plant nutrients also increase to support the high yields. Phosphorus (P) is the second highest fertilizer input in corn production representing a significant input cost. Phosphatase enzymes are produced by soil microorganisms and plants and aid in the release plant available P from soil organic matter when fertilizer P is limited. This is among the first acid phosphatase (ACP) activity studies of long-term (36 years) corn rotations with contrasting fertility regimes in the Northern Great Plains. Relationships between ACP and tillage type, nitrogen rate, and manure application under limited P fertilizer applications was evaluated in two long-term (36 years) corn rotations in east-central North Dakota. Acid phosphatase activity was determined on soil samples from the corn root zone from two crop rotations representing common crop mixes grown locally. Phosphatase measurement in contrasting tillage (clean-till vs. no-till), nitrogen (N) rates (0 and 168 kg ha⁻¹), and manure (with or without) applications showed that tillage and N rate did not significantly affect enzymatic activity. Manure applications significantly reduced ACP activity by 38%–50% indicating P accumulation suppressing enzyme activity, suggesting trade-offs of practices with soil health. Phosphatase activity was negatively affected by soil pH and soil test P (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001) but not affected by soil organic matter and appeared to be within levels found in the literature due to maintenance of soil test P at medium levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70305","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147288472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of soil erosion on corn yields: A spatial regression analysis","authors":"Le Chen,&nbsp;T. Edward Yu,&nbsp;Hannah Williams","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.70304","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines the impact of soil erosion on corn (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) yield across counties in the US Midwest. Using a novel county-level panel dataset that includes information on water erosion and corn yield, we analyze the direct and spatial spillover effects of erosion using a spatial regression framework. We find that increases in soil erosion have a statistically significant negative impact on corn yield. In addition, we find evidence of significant spatial spillover effects, indicating that erosion in one county can adversely affect agricultural productivity in surrounding areas. These findings confirm that the negative effects of soil erosion extend beyond the site of origin and are spatially diffused across regions. This study provides new empirical evidence on the broader yield-related consequences of soil erosion and highlights the importance of landscape-level conservation strategies to mitigate its long-term agricultural impacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70304","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147299962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of soil health management on soil water storage for climate resilience","authors":"Samuel Kwakye,&nbsp;Anuradha Garg,&nbsp;Kathryn LaBine,&nbsp;Greg Olson,&nbsp;Vasudha Sharma,&nbsp;Anna M. Cates,&nbsp;Heidi M. Peterson","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.70322","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Soil health (SH) management has been promoted to improve climate resilience across agricultural systems. An on-farm field study was conducted to (1) evaluate the soil water storage (SWS) in SH and conventional (CV) management systems across four paired sites in Minnesota and Wisconsin and (2) to assess the response of these management systems to drought and significant rainfall (&gt;25 mm in 24 h), using SWS as a primary metric. Two solar-powered soil probes with multiple capacitance sensors were installed from July to October in 2021 and May to October in 2022 and 2023 to monitor soil moisture every 30 min at 10-, 20-, 40-, 60-, 80-, and 100-cm depths. Daily average SWS at the root zone (0- to 40-cm depth) was significantly higher (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) under SH management compared to CV management. Out of the four sites, three showed at least 7% greater SWS in SH management compared to CV management. During extreme drought periods, the SH management sites consistently had at least 13% higher SWS, showing potential for improved soil moisture retention and resilience to drought. Our analysis showed the SH system captured 35% more water than the CV system overall, but inconsistencies across the sites highlight the need for a larger dataset and more in-depth analysis to better understand these patterns. Overall, the study indicates that SH systems with varying use of no-till, cover cropping, and organic amendments can improve the soil's ability to store more water during the growing season, enhancing the resilience of US Midwest agricultural fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70322","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147320897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of soil characteristics and N2O emissions to fertilizer reduction strategies in highland summer vegetable production","authors":"Jiaxing Sun,&nbsp;Haiyan Wang,&nbsp;Jianyu Yuan,&nbsp;Jiangqi Wu","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.70311","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In recent years, the escalating application of nitrogen fertilizers in global vegetable production has positioned vegetable fields as significant sources of nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, eliciting widespread environmental concern. However, the interrelationships among fertilizer reduction gradients, soil physicochemical properties, microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), enzyme activities, N₂O emissions, and yield in highland summer cauliflower (<i>Brassica oleracea</i> var<i>. botrytis</i> L.) systems remain inadequately elucidated. This study, conducted in Yuzhong County, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, employed the “Green Stalk 100-day” cauliflower variety under three fertilization regimes: CK (conventional fertilization), F1 (20% fertilizer reduction), and F2 (40% fertilizer reduction). The impacts of these treatments on soil properties, MBN, enzyme activities, N₂O emissions, and yield were systematically evaluated. Results demonstrated that compared with conventional fertilization, both F1 and F2 significantly reduced soil organic carbon, nitrate nitrogen (NO₃⁻), ammonium nitrogen (NH₄⁺), total phosphorus, and MBN. Cumulative N₂O fluxes under F1 and F2 decreased by 30.01% and 63.35%, respectively, relative to CK, with a pronounced declining trend as the growing season progressed. Both greenhouse gas balance (GHG) and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) were markedly reduced under reduced fertilization regimes. Additionally, under the F2 treatment, the biomass and yield of cauliflower exhibited significant reductions of 17.41% and 25%, respectively, relative to the control (CK). In contrast, F1 achieved substantial mitigation of N₂O flux, GHG, and GHGI without compromising yield stability. In conclusion, the F1 treatment represents the optimal strategy for balancing economic and environmental benefits in highland summer cauliflower production systems in the Yuzhong region of Gansu Province.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70311","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147288370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-intensity prescribed fire has no immediate impact on soil physical and chemical properties or enzymatic activity in the Post Oak Savanna ecoregion, Texas, USA","authors":"Kathryn L. Watson,&nbsp;Jordan E. Gignac,&nbsp;Alejandro Atenas Navarrete,&nbsp;Leila Joharzadeh,&nbsp;Bismark Osei,&nbsp;Dinesh Phuyal,&nbsp;Chiranjibi Poudyal,&nbsp;Mingxiu Wang,&nbsp;Larissa Watkins,&nbsp;Opeyemi Alabi,&nbsp;Siddhartha Shankar Bhattacharyya,&nbsp;Nicholas Boogades,&nbsp;Achla Jha,&nbsp;Deepa Khadka,&nbsp;Dallas M. Williams,&nbsp;A. Peyton Smith,&nbsp;Briana M. Wyatt","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.70315","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The historic development of the Post Oak Savanna ecoregion in Texas, USA, was shaped by natural wildfires. However, wildfire suppression has caused an increase in encroaching woody species. To address this issue, land management strategies incorporate prescribed fire (PF) for the control of encroaching species. Wildfire has been shown to impact soil physical and hydraulic properties as well as soil enzymatic activities; however, the effects of PFs, which are typically less intense than wildfires, are not as well-described. This study sought to quantify the effects, if any, of PF on soil physical and hydraulic properties and enzymatic activities in the Post Oak Savanna ecoregion. Comparative analysis was conducted on soil samples from 0 to 5 cm and 5 to 10 cm measured prior to and immediately after PF. Soil wet aggregate stability, unsaturated and saturated hydraulic conductivities, water retention, organic carbon, and enzyme activities were quantified. Results indicate that neither soil properties nor enzymatic activities were significantly altered due to low-intensity PF. Low-intensity PF has no immediate effect on soil physical and chemical properties or soil enzyme activity. Low-intensity PF is an effective land management tool that has no impact on the soil properties measured here.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70315","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147299843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Threshold-based classification of rapeseed using multi-spectral vegetation indices from Sentinel-2","authors":"Ehsan Rahimi,&nbsp;Chuleui Jung","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.70320","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Accurate mapping of rapeseed (<i>Brassica napus</i>) fields is critical for effective crop management, pollinator support, and yield forecasting. This study systematically evaluated the performance of 23 vegetation indices (VIs) for rapeseed detection during the peak flowering stage using high-resolution Sentinel-2A imagery across two contrasting agricultural regions: North Dakota and Spain. Each VI was assessed within a threshold-based binary classification framework. The normalized difference yellowness index (NDYI) consistently emerged as the most effective index in both study areas, achieving the highest classification performance in North Dakota (overall accuracy = 0.97, F1 score = 0.95, Kappa = 0.93, and producer's accuracy = 0.94) and in Spain (overall accuracy = 0.96, F1 score = 0.64, Kappa = 0.62, and producer's accuracy = 0.51). Other indices, notably green leaf index and CI, also showed relatively strong performance, while traditional greenness-based indices such as normalized difference vegetation index, soil-adjusted vegetation index, and modified soil-adjusted vegetation index achieved only moderate accuracy. Several color-sensitive indices clearly outperformed conventional metrics in distinguishing rapeseed from spectrally similar summer crops, whereas indices such as modified yellow index and high-resolution flowering index exhibited poor classification results in both regions. The optimal NDYI thresholds—0.69 in North Dakota and 0.60 in Spain—were closely aligned, indicating minimal regional variability and underscoring the robustness and transferability of NDYI for rapeseed mapping. Overall, these findings provide practical guidance for selecting suitable VIs and highlight the importance of spectral yellowness for accurate crop classification during the flowering stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70320","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147320828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}