Stress biology最新文献

{"title":"High-temperature stress response in the liver of Trachinotus ovatus: a cascade of oxidative stress, immunity, and bile acid metabolic reprogramming.","authors":"Ruijie Zhu, Meng Xiao, Xiaohua Huang, Dianchang Zhang, Falin Zhou, Yukai Yang, Huayang Guo, Yafei Duan","doi":"10.1007/s44154-026-00344-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44154-026-00344-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fish exhibit a high degree of susceptibility to shifts in thermal conditions within the water. The liver is central to metabolic homeostasis and immune defense, and its physiological stability is critical for fish health. The present study evaluated the hepatic physiological responses of Trachinotus ovatus following a 7-day exposure to high-temperature (HT) stress, including alterations in histology, oxidative stress, iron homeostasis, inflammation, immunity, apoptosis, and bile acid (BA) metabolism. HT stress induced alterations in liver histology and disrupted redox homeostasis, accompanied by enhanced Nrf2-mediated antioxidant signaling and changes in antioxidant defense enzyme activities and peroxide levels. Iron homeostasis and lipid peroxide defense exhibited complex alterations, including Fe levels and NCOA4 expression were increased, accompanied by compensatory upregulation of iron-homeostasis genes (FTH1, FPN1, and NFS1) and antioxidant defense genes (GPx4, SLC7A11, and p53). However, reduced lipid peroxidation products (LPO and MDA) suggested that these changes reflected regulatory adaptation rather than the execution of ferroptosis. HT stress induced hepatic inflammatory and immune responses, characterized by activation of pro-inflammatory signaling, dysregulated anti-inflammatory regulation, downregulation of IL-8 expression, and downregulation of the immunoglobulin genes IgM and IgT. Apoptosis-related genes showed divergent expression patterns, with CHOP, Casp-9, and Casp-3 being upregulated, whereas CytC was downregulated. Furthermore, BA metabolism was affected, as shown by reductions in total BA pool size and free BA levels, along with the upregulated expression of BA metabolism-related genes (FXR, SULT1, and UGT8). Three metabolites, cholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, and 7-ketolithocholic acid were identified as potential biomarkers. Collectively, these findings suggest that HT stress impaired hepatic physiological homeostasis in T. ovatus, accompanied by tissue architecture disruption, redox imbalance, inflammatory responses, immune suppression, BA metabolic remodeling, and coordinated changes in iron homeostasis and apoptosis-related regulatory pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":74874,"journal":{"name":"Stress biology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149225636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct cadmium detoxicity response between rice cultivars carrying functional or loss-of-function OsHMA3 allele.","authors":"Fuqing Sui, Jing Tian, Ziyuan Yang, Yanzheng Yang, Chang Li, Hongen Liu, Jiali Yan, Peng Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s44154-025-00222-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44154-025-00222-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Plants encounter various abiotic stress during their growth, making it essential to understand their responses to such challenges. Though function of OsHMA3 in cadmium (Cd) sequestration into rice root vacuoles has been well characterized, little is known about how different OsHMA3 alleles influence plant responses to high Cd exposure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we utilized rice cultivars carrying a functional OsHMA3 allele (9311) and a loss-of-function OsHMA3 allele (W4) to investigate their differences in Cd detoxification responses. Morphological, physiological and subcellular changes, as well as Cd species were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that Cd was more extensively transported to shoots in W4 than 9311 as expected. However, W4 exhibited a more pronounced growth inhibition with reductions in shoot and root length, more severe leaf chlorosis with chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoid levels decreased by 31%, 43%, and 45% in W4, respectively, while no significant reductions were observed in 9311. Enhanced cell ultrastructural damage, including membranolytic changes, nuclear membrane lysis, and damage to the nucleus, was noted in W4, while, relatively normal cell structure in 9311. The antioxidant enzyme systems exhibited greater responses in W4 than those in 9311. Additionally, lower levels of nitrate/nitrite, chloride, and aminophenol Cd forms were found in W4 roots, while higher concentrations of these were observed in shoots, indicating distinct Cd detoxicity response between W4 and 9311.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores the significance of the OsHMA3 gene in Cd detoxification responses, offering valuable insights into the mechanisms of plant Cd detoxification.</p>","PeriodicalId":74874,"journal":{"name":"Stress biology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13672768/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149198117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant viral suppressors HcPro and P19 inhibit CRISPR-Cas13-mediated transcript interference.","authors":"Veerendra K Sharma, Sandeep Marla, David E Cook","doi":"10.1007/s44154-026-00339-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44154-026-00339-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>RNA plays a central role in cellular dynamics, mediating the formation of proteins from genetic information. Thus, there is great interest in technologies that can alter RNA content of a cell to achieve desired outcomes. RNA targeting CRISPR‒Cas13 enables precise, sequence-guided targeting of RNA to disrupt translation and can therefore be used for cellular engineering. However, guide RNA from CRISPR systems can silence target transcripts independent of the Cas13 protein, complicating the deployment of CRISPR-Cas13 for biotechnology. To prevent Cas13-independent silencing and encourage Cas13-mediated transcript reduction, we explored the use of viral suppressors of RNAi. Here, we report that expression of two viral suppressors of RNAi, HcPro and P19, unexpectedly blocked Cas13-mediated transcript silencing in addition to Cas13-independent RNAi-like silencing. To further understand how HcPro blocks Cas13-mediated silencing, we expressed an RNA silencing-deficient HcPro mutant for RNA-targeting assays. The results demonstrate that mutant HcPro failed to suppress Cas13-dependent silencing, indicating that HcPro RNAi suppression also interferes with Cas13 silencing. These results suggest that plant viruses may be primed to overcome engineered CRISPR-Cas13 antiviral resistance through the activity of previously evolved RNAi silencing suppressors.</p>","PeriodicalId":74874,"journal":{"name":"Stress biology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13620101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149076962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-kingdom RNA in plant-microbe interactions: from molecular interactions to next-generation crop protection.","authors":"Borala Liyanage D Deepali, Caiping Huang, Wei Zhang, Hui Wang, Yuan Wang, Kevin D Hyde, K W Thilini Chethana, Jiye Yan","doi":"10.1007/s44154-026-00337-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44154-026-00337-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cross-kingdom RNA (CK-RNA) communication is an advanced concept that enhances our understanding of inter-kingdom interactions by uncovering RNA-mediated signaling among plants, fungi, bacteria, and viruses. This review provides a detailed overview of CK-RNA mechanisms, highlighting on plant-microbe interactions. Through RNA interference (RNAi), CK-RNA allows organisms to exchange regulatory signals that influence gene expression, defense responses, metabolism, and adaptive processes across kingdoms. Furthermore, this review highlights agricultural applications of CK-RNA, including Spray-Induced Gene Silencing (SIGS), Host-Induced Gene Silencing (HIGS) and Microbe-Induced Gene Silencing (MIGS) which offer environmentally friendly and sustainable alternatives to conventional chemical management. Overall, the integration of CK-RNAs as target and MIGS as delivery method presents a promising pathway for viable, environmentally friendly crop protection that aligns with modern goals of environmental sustainability and agricultural resilience.</p>","PeriodicalId":74874,"journal":{"name":"Stress biology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13601393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149032057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ubiquitylome analysis reveals the protective effect of α-lipoic acid via the ferroptosis pathway during recovery after hepatic oxidative stress in finishing pigs.","authors":"Jie Gao, Yanjun Cui, Chenyang Li, Weiguang Bao, Yue Hao, Xiangshu Piao, Qingshi Meng, Xianhong Gu","doi":"10.1007/s44154-026-00341-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44154-026-00341-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ubiquitination is a critical post-translational modification that regulates hepatic antioxidant defense. α-Lipoic acid (LA) exerts potent hepatoprotective effects, but its mechanism of regulating ubiquitination in porcine livers with oxidative injury, especially during the recovery period, remains unclear. In this study, 18 castrated male Large White (LW) pigs were randomly assigned to control, diquat (DQ), and diquat + LA (DL, 800 mg/kg diet) groups. On day 15, the DQ and DL groups were injected with diquat (8 mg/kg body weight), and liver tissues were sampled on day 29. Tandem mass tag (TMT)-based proteomic analysis quantified 5,326 of 7,271 identified proteins, which were validated by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM). Label-free ubiquitylome analysis identified 1,651 ubiquitination sites corresponding to 1,446 peptides and 594 ubiquitinated proteins, among which 1,208 sites, 1,058 peptides, and 489 proteins were quantified. Our findings revealed that LA upregulated ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) expression and promoted Poly(rC)-binding protein 1 (PCBP1) ubiquitination at K314 in porcine liver during recovery after hepatic oxidative stress; these two proteins are core regulators of iron storage in ferroptosis pathway. Hepatic antioxidant status and histopathological analysis confirmed that dietary LA effectively balanced the compensatory activation of antioxidant system and alleviated oxidative stress-induced liver injury. Cell-based assays further verified that LA significantly ameliorated the reduction in FTH1 and the elevation in Fe²⁺ concentration induced by oxidative stress in a concentration-dependent manner. Collectively, we propose that LA protects hepatocytes by enhancing iron sequestration, inhibiting lipid peroxidation, and suppressing ferroptosis. This study provides novel insights into how LA maintains hepatic redox homeostasis by regulating the expression and ubiquitination of key proteins in the ferroptosis pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":74874,"journal":{"name":"Stress biology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13601454/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149032145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant immune co-receptors: bridging gaps toward next-generation crop defense.","authors":"Muhammad Mudasir, Ali Shahzad","doi":"10.1007/s44154-026-00338-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44154-026-00338-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant innate immunity is a crucial, multi-layered defense system that protects crops from a wide range of bacterial, fungal, and viral pathogens, all of which pose a significant threat to global food security. Co-receptors function as central molecular modulators that amplify and fine-tune immune signaling. This signaling is initiated by cell-surface pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) and intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins. Critical co-receptors for strong immune signal propagation include the SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR KINASE (SERK) protein family, represented by the versatile BAK1, and the SUPPRESSOR OF BIR1-1 (SOBIR1) adaptor. These components work cooperatively to convert pathogen-derived molecular signals into effective cellular defense mechanisms, including the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), calcium ion (Ca²⁺) fluxes, and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. However, several major knowledge gaps persist. It remains largely unclear how co-receptors physically and functionally orchestrate cross-talk between the two main tiers of defense, pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI). A persistent challenge is understanding how shared co-receptors, such as BAK1, avoid disrupting essential developmental pathways, including brassinosteroid (BL) signaling. Furthermore, the spatial and temporal coordination of downstream events within specific plasma membrane microdomains remains poorly understood. In this review, we integrate recent functional and genetic evidence to explain the multifaceted roles of these co-receptors in immune amplification and signaling integration. We discuss the challenges posed by functional redundancy and signaling specificity, and highlight their transformative potential for engineering broad-spectrum disease resistance in crops through precision breeding and targeted modulation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":74874,"journal":{"name":"Stress biology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148993079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The splicing factor BRR2a functions as a repressor of stress-inducible genes.","authors":"Jianfei Guo, Bangshing Wang, Huazhong Shi","doi":"10.1007/s44154-026-00345-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44154-026-00345-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inducible gene expression is generally thought to be activated when transcription factors bind to promoter cis-elements, thereby recruiting the general transcriptional machinery to initiate gene transcription. However, the mechanisms that repress inducible genes under non-inducing conditions remain poorly understood. In this study, we identified a novel mutant, shi6, which exhibits slow growth, a dwarf phenotype, and elevated expression of a luciferase (LUC) reporter gene driven by a salt-inducible promoter. The shi6 mutant also displayed increased sensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA), NaCl, and methyl jasmonate. Map-based cloning revealed that SHI6 encodes the RNA helicase BRR2a, a core component required for pre-mRNA splicing and essential for plant embryogenesis. As expected, SHI6/BRR2a was required for the proper splicing of stress-inducible genes. Unexpectedly, SHI6/BRR2a also exhibited transcriptional activation activity in both yeast and Arabidopsis, suggesting that it associates with the transcriptional machinery and participates in gene transcription. Together, our findings demonstrate that SHI6/BRR2a is a dual-function protein that plays essential roles in both pre-mRNA splicing and the repression of stress-inducible genes under non-inducing conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":74874,"journal":{"name":"Stress biology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13578174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fgk3 interacts with FgMetR to regulate mycelial growth, conidia development, DON production, and pathogenicity in Fusarium graminearum.","authors":"Min Liu, Ziyun He, Ying Wang, Xuheng Gao, Qing Ma, Wende Liu, Guangfei Tang","doi":"10.1007/s44154-026-00342-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44154-026-00342-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (Gsk3) is a potential drug target in human medicine, controlling many substrates in cellular processes. In this study, FgMetR was identified as a putative binding partner of Fgk3, the Fusarium graminearum ortholog of Gsk3, although the specific functions of both proteins remain uncharacterized. Notably, the physical interaction between FgMetR and Fgk3 was confirmed via yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) assays, and both proteins were shown to co-localize within the nucleus. FgMetR was vital for mycelial growth, conidia development, deoxynivalenol (DON) production, oxidative stress response, and pathogenicity in F. graminearum. RNA-seq showed the Fgk3 and FgMetR co-regulated ABC transporters pathway and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. This study identified FgMetR as a new interacting protein of Fgk3, and demonstrated its crucial role in the growth, conidiation, DON production, and virulence of F. graminearum. It advanced the understanding of Fgk3 function in filamentous fungi and provided a theoretical basis for preventing Fusarium-related diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":74874,"journal":{"name":"Stress biology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13574754/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148972685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lycopene mitigates T-2 toxin-induced systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in association with gut microbiota and SCFAs regulation in mice.","authors":"Saber Y Adam, Wael Ennab, Cuipeng Zhu, Long Yuan, Abdelkareem A Ahmed, Mohamed Osman Abdalrahem Essa, Hosameldeen Mohamed Husien, Ahmed A Saleh, In Ho Kim, Hao-Yu Liu, Demin Cai","doi":"10.1007/s44154-026-00331-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44154-026-00331-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>T-2 toxin is a trichothecene mycotoxin produced by Fusarium species and can cause disease after contaminated food or feed ingestion. This study aimed to investigate the impact of lycopene (Ly) on systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and dysbiosis in mice exposed to T-2 toxin. A total of 20 male BALB/c mice (6 weeks old, weighing 23.5 ± 0.32 g) randomly divided into four groups (n = 5): Control (Cont), Ly, T-2, and T-2 + Ly groups. Findings revealed that Ly enhanced the body weight, feedd, and water intake that have been reduced by T-2. Ly increased the villus height (VH) and VH: crypt depth (CD) and decreased CD and villus width (VW) in ileum compared to the T-2 group. In alpha diversity, Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium were the most prevalent in Cont group; Staphylococcus, and Lactobacillus, were the most prevalent in T-2 group; Candidatus-Arthromitus and Staphylococcus were the most prevalent in T-2 + Ly group. Moreover, T-2 mice had significantly (p < 0.05) greater levels of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), Interleukin-17 (IL-17), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) than Cont, while the Ly significantly (p < 0.05) lowered their concentration. The T-2 mice had significantly (p < 0.05) higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), while their catalase (CAT),, glutathione (GSH), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and superoxide dismutase 1(SOD1) activities were significantly (p < 0.05) lower than Cont. Ly significantly (p < 0.05) restored their concentration. Moreover, there was a significant reduction (p < 0.05) of hexanoic, butyric, acetic, pentanoic, and Heptanoic acids in the T-2 mice compared to Cont. In contrast, treatment with Ly was found to significantly restore their levels compared to T-2 group. We conclude that Ly administration in the context of T-2-induced toxicity may help attenuate systemic oxidative stress and inflammation, possibly through modulation of gut microbiota and fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs).</p>","PeriodicalId":74874,"journal":{"name":"Stress biology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13562493/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148922123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular and transcriptional regulation of plant defense responses to aphid infestation.","authors":"Vishal Patil, Rizwana Rehsawla, Apurba K Barman","doi":"10.1007/s44154-026-00336-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44154-026-00336-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aphids are one of the important agricultural pests causing substantial yield losses in crops grown across the globe. Aphids are known to cause direct feeding damages and indirect losses due to sooty mold development and plant virus transmission. Plants respond to these attacks by mounting a complex defense response at the infested sites and systemic levels. This multilayered defense response involves a highly coordinated network of phytohormones and other signalling components like Ca²⁺, mitogen activated protein kinases and reactive oxygen species. Key to these complex responses is a well-regulated gene expression involving several transcription factors. A wide range of transcription factors are structurally and functionally characterized across some model plants and in a few agronomically important crops. These transcription factors play diverse roles such as defense gene expression modulation, regulation of hormone signaling, secondary metabolism, oxidative stress response, cell wall modifications, and phloem-based defense. Understanding the integration of signaling pathways, hormone crosstalk, and transcription factor mediated regulation provides a framework for practical applications, including breeding, genome editing, and elicitor-based strategies. This review highlights how plant defense signaling and transcriptional regulation against aphids can be harnessed to develop sustainable and novel pest management solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":74874,"journal":{"name":"Stress biology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13534411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148876823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}