{"title":"Les urgences en hématologie","authors":"Christophe Nougier , Sandrine Girard , Valérie Bardet","doi":"10.1016/S1773-035X(25)76467-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1773-035X(25)76467-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Résumé</h3><div>Certains examens d’hématologie sont considérés comme urgents et devant être mis à disposition des cliniciens dans un délai très court afin d’optimiser la prise en charge clinique des patients. Concernant l’hématologie cellulaire, il s’agit d’examens de routine, comme le taux d’hémoglobine et la mesure des réticulocytes ou l’analyse d’un myélogramme dans certaines indications. À l’heure actuelle en France, seul le taux d’hémoglobine est disponible en biologie délocalisée, les autres examens relevant de la mise en place de circuits de traitement des urgences. Des automates proposant la réalisation d’un hémogramme complet sont disponibles mais n’ont pas encore été évalués à grande échelle. Concernant l’hémostase, plusieurs automates sont couramment utilisés pour le suivi des traitements antithrombotiques, mais également en situation d’urgence pour guider les traitements à mettre en oeuvre.</div></div><div><h3>Abstract</h3><div>Some haematology tests are considered urgent and must be made available to clinicians at short notice in order to optimise patient care. In cellular haematology, these include routine tests such as haemoglobin and reticulocyte measurements, and myelogram analysis in certain cases. Currently, haemoglobin levels are the only test available on an outpatient basis in France, with the others being carried out as part of an emergency treatment circuit. Although automated systems that can perform full blood counts are available, they have not yet been evaluated on a large scale. Point-of-care monitoring of hemostasis is much frequent. Several automated systems are currently used to monitor anti-thrombotic treatments and guide treatment in emergency situations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74728,"journal":{"name":"Revue francophone des laboratoires : RFL","volume":"2025 575","pages":"Pages 40-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Le lecanemab obtient son AMM: pour l’Union européenne et au-delà","authors":"Jean-Marie Manus","doi":"10.1016/S1773-035X(25)76448-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1773-035X(25)76448-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74728,"journal":{"name":"Revue francophone des laboratoires : RFL","volume":"2025 575","pages":"Page 5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nouvelles interdiction de fumer dans les lieux publics","authors":"Jean-Marie Manus","doi":"10.1016/S1773-035X(25)76457-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1773-035X(25)76457-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74728,"journal":{"name":"Revue francophone des laboratoires : RFL","volume":"2025 575","pages":"Page 9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Urgences en biochimie","authors":"Bruno Baudin","doi":"10.1016/S1773-035X(25)76466-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1773-035X(25)76466-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Résumé</h3><div>Tout laboratoire d’urgence doit savoir effectuer un certain nombre d’examens de biochimie, certains sont réputés de première ligne, parmi lesquels on trouve les gaz du sang, l’ionogramme plasmatique (sodium, potassium, chlorure, bicarbonate, protéines totales), des substrats (glucose, urée, créatinine, acide urique, bilirubines et lactate), d’autres ions (calcium, magnésium, ammonium et phosphore), des protéines (troponine et BNP, CRP et PCT, β-hCG, haptoglobine et albumine éventuellement), des enzymes (transaminases ASAT et ALAT), créatine-kinase (CK), lactate-déshydrogénase (LDH), lipase. Pour l’ionogramme urinaire, on se contentera des ions sodium, potassium et chlorure, des protéines, de l’urée, de la créatinine et le glucose ; on peut y ajouter la densité et la recherche d’hématurie et d’hémoglobinurie à la bandelette, et encore des corps cétoniques. On peut aussi ajouter des dosages de médicaments et de toxiques dans le sang et les urines selon l’environnement médical. D’autres échantillons peuvent être reçus en urgence, en premier chef le liquide cérébrospinal (LCS), parfois des ponctions, bains de dialyse et ultrafiltrats, ainsi que des selles. Il est intéressant de rendre les osmolalités plasmatiques et urinaires dans les centres hospitaliers accueillant des services de réanimation ou de soins intensifs. Certains y ajoutent les marqueurs de prééclampsie pour les centres avec activité d’obstétrique, ainsi que les acides biliaires totaux. Les urgences biochimiques en pédiatrie seront particulièrement développées.</div></div><div><h3>Abstract</h3><div>Every emergency laboratory must be able to perform a number of biochemistry tests, including blood gases, plasma ionogram (sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, total proteins), substrates (glucose, urea, creatinine, uric acid, bilirubins and lactate), other ions (calcium, magnesium, ammonium and phosphorus), proteins (troponin and BNP, CRP and PCT, β-hCG, haptoglobin and possibly albumin), enzymes (transaminases ASAT and ALAT), creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), lipase. For the urine ionogram, we will only use sodium, potassium and chloride ions, proteins, urea, creatinine and glucose; we can add density and the search for hematuria and hemoglobinuria using a dipstick, and also ketone bodies. Drug and toxicological assays can also be added in blood and urine depending on the medical environment. Other samples may be received urgently, primarily cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), sometimes punctures, dialysis baths and ultrafiltrates, as well as stools. It is interesting to report plasma and urinary osmolality in hospitals with intensive care or resuscitation services. Some add preeclampsia markers for centers with obstetric activity as well as total biliary acids. Biochemical emergencies in pediatrics will be particularly developed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74728,"journal":{"name":"Revue francophone des laboratoires : RFL","volume":"2025 575","pages":"Pages 28-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Les urgences en microbiologie","authors":"Wafa Ben Nejma , Nadège Bourgeois-Nicolaos","doi":"10.1016/S1773-035X(25)76468-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1773-035X(25)76468-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Résumé</h3><div>Les examens urgents en microbiologie jouent un rôle fondamental dans la prise en charge rapide des infections graves, notamment en milieu hospitalier. Ils permettent d’identifier rapidement l’agent infectieux responsable d’un tableau clinique aigu, tel qu’un sepsis, une méningite, ou une pneumonie sévère, et d’adapter précocement le traitement antimicrobien. Ces examens incluent notamment les hémocultures, les examens directs et cultures sur prélèvements stériles (liquide céphalo-rachidien (LCR), urine, pus), ainsi que les techniques de biologie moléculaire comme les <em>Polymerase Chain reaction</em> (PCR) virales (Influenza, Sars-CoV-2, <em>herpes simplex virus</em> (HSV), cytomégalovirus (CMV)). Leur réalisation doit être rigoureuse, en respectant les délais de prélèvement et de transport, afin d’optimiser la sensibilité diagnostique. En parallèle, certains examens sérologiques ou parasitologiques peuvent également être demandés en urgence, notamment chez les patients immunodéprimés ou revenant de zones endémiques. La collaboration étroite entre cliniciens et microbiologistes est essentielle pour garantir une interprétation rapide et pertinente des résultats, dans un objectif de prise en charge efficace et de limitation de la transmission infectieuse.</div></div><div><h3>Abstract</h3><div>Urgent microbiological tests play a crucial role in the rapid management of severe infections, particularly in hospital settings. They enable the prompt identification of the infectious agent responsible for acute clinical presentations such as sepsis, meningitis, or severe pneumonia, and allow for early adaptation of antimicrobial therapy. These tests include blood cultures, direct examinations and cultures from sterile site samples (cerebrospinal fluid, urine, pus), as well as molecular biology techniques such as viral PCRs (Influenza, Sars-CoV-2, HSV, CMV). Proper execution—including timely sampling and transport—is essential to maximize diagnostic accuracy. In parallel, certain serological or parasitological tests may also be required urgently, particularly in immunocompromised patients or those returning from endemic areas. Close collaboration between clinicians and microbiologists is essential to ensure rapid and accurate interpretation of results, aiming for effective treatment and prevention of infectious disease transmission.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74728,"journal":{"name":"Revue francophone des laboratoires : RFL","volume":"2025 575","pages":"Pages 49-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dispositions relatives aux donneurs de sang porteurs d’hémochromatose génétique","authors":"Jean-Marie Manus","doi":"10.1016/S1773-035X(25)76430-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1773-035X(25)76430-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74728,"journal":{"name":"Revue francophone des laboratoires : RFL","volume":"2025 574","pages":"Page 11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144588031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maxime Dubois , Nathan de Morais , Julien Bonnac , Mylène de Saint Jore , Yannick Chantran , Julien Goret , pour le réseau AllergoBioNet
{"title":"L’intelligence artificielle, le Machine Learning et les modèles de langage au service de l’interprétation des bilans d’allergologie","authors":"Maxime Dubois , Nathan de Morais , Julien Bonnac , Mylène de Saint Jore , Yannick Chantran , Julien Goret , pour le réseau AllergoBioNet","doi":"10.1016/S1773-035X(25)76441-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1773-035X(25)76441-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Résumé</h3><div>L’étude et les applications de l’intelligence artificielle (IA) en santé se sont rapidement développées au cours de la dernière décennie. L’allergologie est un domaine marqué par l’hétérogénéité des pathologies et le rôle majeur de biomarqueurs immunologiques tels que les IgE spécifiques pour établir le diagnostic. Leur nombre, leurs relations entre eux et leur interprétation nécessitent des outils capables de traiter des données volumineuses. L’IA, notamment par le biais du <em>Machine Learning,</em> du <em>Deep Learning</em> et du traitement du langage naturel, facilite l’analyse de ces données. Les allergies ayant une prévalence élevée (30 % de la population en 2025 et 50 % en 2050), l’IA offre des opportunités majeures pour améliorer et personnaliser le diagnostic biologique des allergies. Ces technologies peuvent accompagner les biologistes dans l’interprétation des résultats, prédire la sévérité de la maladie, la survenue de crises ou la réussite des tests de provocation orale ou de l’immunothérapie. Cette revue de littérature expose les propositions actuelles sur l’IA au service de l’interprétation des bilans d’allergologie.</div></div><div><h3>Abstract</h3><div>The study and application of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare has developed rapidly over the last decade. Allergology is a field characterized by the heterogeneity of pathologies and the major role played by immunological biomarkers, such as specific IgE antibodies, in establishing a diagnosis. The number of biomarkers, their interrelationships and their interpretation require tools capable of processing large volumes of data. AI, particularly through Machine Learning, Deep Learning and natural language processing, facilitates the analysis of these data. Given the high prevalence of allergies (30% of the population in 2025 and 50% in 2050), AI offers great opportunities to improve and personalize the in vitro diagnosis of allergies.These technologies can assist immunologists in interpreting results, predicting disease severity, the occurrence of attacks or the success of oral challenge or immunotherapy. This review outlines the current issues and proposals regarding AI for the interpretation of allergology results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74728,"journal":{"name":"Revue francophone des laboratoires : RFL","volume":"2025 574","pages":"Pages 59-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144588030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}