Reports (MDPI)最新文献_第4页

Rare Orbital Metastasis of Carcinoid Tumor Despite Long-Term Somatostatin Therapy: A Case Report. 经长期生长抑素治疗后罕见的类癌眼眶转移一例。

IF 0.8

Reports (MDPI) Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.3390/reports8030158

Hritika Hosalkar, Leo Meller, Nahia Dib El Jalbout, Marissa K Shoji, Sally L Baxter, Don O Kikkawa

{"title":"Rare Orbital Metastasis of Carcinoid Tumor Despite Long-Term Somatostatin Therapy: A Case Report.","authors":"Hritika Hosalkar, Leo Meller, Nahia Dib El Jalbout, Marissa K Shoji, Sally L Baxter, Don O Kikkawa","doi":"10.3390/reports8030158","DOIUrl":"10.3390/reports8030158","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Clinical Significance: Carcinoid tumors are rare, slow-growing neuroendocrine cell neoplasms that typically affect the gastrointestinal tract. While metastasis may occur, it most commonly occurs in the liver, and orbital metastasis is extremely rare, especially while on systemic somatostatin suppression. Case Presentation: A 57-year-old man with a history of gastrointestinal carcinoid tumor treated with lanreotide for 5 years presented with a left proptotic, red eye and double vision for several months. Clinical examination revealed left proptosis, supraduction deficit, lower lid retraction, and dilated episcleral vessels inferiorly. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a 1.8 cm enhancing lesion centered within the left inferior rectus muscle. Left orbitotomy and biopsy were performed, which confirmed metastatic carcinoid tumor. He will undergo localized orbital radiation and substitution of lanreotide with systemic chemotherapy. Conclusions: Orbital metastasis of carcinoid tumor is extremely uncommon. Given its rarity, diagnosis may be challenging. In patients presenting with ocular complaints including chronic red eye, double vision, proptosis, and mass effect with a prior history of neuroendocrine cancer, a high index of suspicion for orbital metastasis is necessary with timely workup and treatment even if the disease has been otherwise well-controlled with somatostatin analogs.","PeriodicalId":74664,"journal":{"name":"Reports (MDPI)","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12452341/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145115143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Managing High Risk Pregnancy in Single Ventricle Physiology with Acquired von Willebrand Disease: A Case Report. 获得性血管性血友病单心室生理高危妊娠的管理：1例报告。

IF 0.8

Reports (MDPI) Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.3390/reports8030157

Yash Nagpal, Nisha Chachad, Paola Andrea Benito, Todd Stuart Roth, Joshua Saef

{"title":"Managing High Risk Pregnancy in Single Ventricle Physiology with Acquired von Willebrand Disease: A Case Report.","authors":"Yash Nagpal, Nisha Chachad, Paola Andrea Benito, Todd Stuart Roth, Joshua Saef","doi":"10.3390/reports8030157","DOIUrl":"10.3390/reports8030157","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Clinical Significance: Left ventricular hypoplasia is often repaired surgically in sequence to a Fontan circulation, which is a physiologic state that presents unique challenges during pregnancy. Although women with Fontan physiology can achieve successful pregnancy outcomes, they remain at elevated risk for cardiac, thrombotic, and obstetric complications. Case Presentation: We describe a 38-year-old woman with Fontan physiology and acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AVWS) who was admitted at 23 weeks gestation for preterm premature rupture of membranes. The patient had history of prior classical cesarean delivery and two previous miscarriages. Her pregnancy was further complicated by abnormal placental vasculature and uterine arteriovenous malformation. Given her bleeding diathesis, hematology advised against anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy, and she ultimately underwent a successful low transverse cesarean delivery under general anesthesia at 24 weeks. Postpartum hemorrhage was managed with clotting factor replacement and supportive care. Conclusions: This case illustrates how AVWS may mitigate thrombotic risk in Fontan physiology and how early activation of a cardio-obstetrics team can enable tailored planning. As more patients with complex congenital heart disease reach reproductive age, multidisciplinary coordination, shared infrastructure, and individualized birth plans will be essential to achieving optimal maternal-fetal outcomes.","PeriodicalId":74664,"journal":{"name":"Reports (MDPI)","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12452721/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145115069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of Pharmacogenomics in Optimizing Ketamine Therapy for Post-Amputation Pain. 药物基因组学在优化氯胺酮治疗截肢后疼痛中的作用。

IF 0.8

Reports (MDPI) Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.3390/reports8030156

Alix Tappe, Emily Burzynski, Jhanvi Patel, Ithamar Cheyne, Małgorzata Mikaszewska-Sokolewicz

{"title":"The Role of Pharmacogenomics in Optimizing Ketamine Therapy for Post-Amputation Pain.","authors":"Alix Tappe, Emily Burzynski, Jhanvi Patel, Ithamar Cheyne, Małgorzata Mikaszewska-Sokolewicz","doi":"10.3390/reports8030156","DOIUrl":"10.3390/reports8030156","url":null,"abstract":"Context and objective: Post-amputation pain (PAP) is an umbrella term that includes residual limb pain (RLP) and phantom limb pain (PLP), posing a significant challenge to recovery and quality of life after limb loss. Ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, has gained interest for its potential to manage PAP, particularly in refractory cases. This narrative review explores the efficacy of ketamine for PAP and the emerging role of pharmacogenomics in guiding its use.Methods: A literature review of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases was conducted, focusing on clinical trials, systematic reviews, and genetic influences on ketamine metabolism and response. Studies suggest that perioperative ketamine can reduce PAP severity and opioid use. However, outcomes vary, with some patients experiencing transient relief and others achieving prolonged benefit.Results: This variability may be linked to genetic differences in CYP2B6, CYP3A4/5, COMT Val158Met, SLC6A2, and KCNS1, which affect ketamine's metabolism, efficacy and side effect profile. Understanding these pharmacogenomic factors could enable more personalized and effective ketamine therapy.Conclusion: Despite its promise, inconsistent dosing regimens and limited integration of genetic data hinder standardization. Further research into genotype-guided ketamine protocols may improve treatment outcomes and support precision analgesia in amputee care.","PeriodicalId":74664,"journal":{"name":"Reports (MDPI)","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12452291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145115387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Twice the Leak: Managing CSF Fistulas in a Recurrent Thoracic Arachnoid Cyst-A Case Report. 两次泄漏：处理复发性胸蛛网膜囊肿的脑脊液瘘- 1例报告。

IF 0.8

Reports (MDPI) Pub Date : 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.3390/reports8030152

Federica Bellino, Leonardo Bradaschia, Marco Ajello, Diego Garbossa

{"title":"Twice the Leak: Managing CSF Fistulas in a Recurrent Thoracic Arachnoid Cyst-A Case Report.","authors":"Federica Bellino, Leonardo Bradaschia, Marco Ajello, Diego Garbossa","doi":"10.3390/reports8030152","DOIUrl":"10.3390/reports8030152","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Clinical Significance: Spinal arachnoid cysts are rare lesions that may become symptomatic through progressive spinal cord compression. We present a complex case of a thoracic extradural SAC in a 17-year-old male, managed through a stepwise, multidisciplinary approach. Case Presentation: The patient presented with progressive lower limb weakness, right knee paresthesia, and urinary hesitancy following physical exertion. MRI revealed a large posterior extradural SAC extending from T2-T3 to T8, with associated spinal cord compression. Initial management involved T8 laminectomy and cyst fenestration under intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring, with partial clinical improvement. However, early recurrence with pseudomeningocele formation prompted a second surgery, including external CSF drainage. Persistent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage led to targeted epidural blood patching, followed by temporary stabilization. Due to continued cyst enlargement and spinal cord compression, definitive surgical repair was undertaken: fistula clipping at T3 and embolization with platinum coils inside the cystic cavity, combined with a new blood patch. This novel technique resulted in radiological improvement and clinical stabilization. Conclusions: This case highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of managing symptomatic extradural SACs, particularly in young patients. Our experience underscores the utility of a staged approach involving surgical decompression, neuroimaging-guided interventions, and definitive dural repair. The combination of fistula clipping and coil embolization may offer a promising strategy for refractory cases, potentially reducing recurrence and preserving neurological function.","PeriodicalId":74664,"journal":{"name":"Reports (MDPI)","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12452334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145115337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Ocular Toxicity: A Case of Pembrolizumab-Associated Corneal Ulceration and Evisceration. 免疫检查点抑制剂诱导的眼部毒性：一例派姆单抗相关的角膜溃疡和内脏切除。

IF 0.8

Reports (MDPI) Pub Date : 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.3390/reports8030154

Mario Caldarelli, Donatella Brisinda, Giuseppe De Matteis, Francesco De Vito, Gloria Gambini, Rossella Cianci, Giovanni Gambassi

{"title":"Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Ocular Toxicity: A Case of Pembrolizumab-Associated Corneal Ulceration and Evisceration.","authors":"Mario Caldarelli, Donatella Brisinda, Giuseppe De Matteis, Francesco De Vito, Gloria Gambini, Rossella Cianci, Giovanni Gambassi","doi":"10.3390/reports8030154","DOIUrl":"10.3390/reports8030154","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Clinical Significance: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) ushered in a new era in cancer treatment, but alongside their efficacy is an adverse event profile that involves the immune system as a whole and may impact several organs. Case Presentation: We present the case of a 68-year-old woman with a diagnosis of cervical cancer treated with pembrolizumab who developed progressively steroid-refractory chronic diarrhea and ensuing visual problems. Topical antibiotics failed to heal a corneal ulcer in the left eye, necessitating evisceration. Imaging showed intestinal pneumatosis without ischemia, and there was immediate clinical improvement after initiation of corticosteroid therapy. This clinical picture-steroid-dependent colitis and immune-mediated uveitis associated with secondary bacterial infection-was coded as an immune-related adverse event (irAE) resulting from ICI treatment. Because of the prompt and complete regression of the symptoms upon corticosteroid therapy, this was considered as a criterion for the final diagnosis. Conclusions: The case highlights the complexity and potential severity of irAEs that need to be appropriately identified and promptly managed by multidisciplinary teams.","PeriodicalId":74664,"journal":{"name":"Reports (MDPI)","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12452766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145114885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Ongoing Struggle to Find a Gold Standard for PJI Diagnosis. 寻找PJI诊断金标准的持续斗争。

IF 0.8

Reports (MDPI) Pub Date : 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.3390/reports8030155

Emanuel-Cristian Sandu, Catalin Cirstoiu, Sergiu Iordache, Mihai Aurel Costache, Georgian Longin Iacobescu, Adrian Cursaru

{"title":"The Ongoing Struggle to Find a Gold Standard for PJI Diagnosis.","authors":"Emanuel-Cristian Sandu, Catalin Cirstoiu, Sergiu Iordache, Mihai Aurel Costache, Georgian Longin Iacobescu, Adrian Cursaru","doi":"10.3390/reports8030155","DOIUrl":"10.3390/reports8030155","url":null,"abstract":"Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication of joint arthroplasty surgery that is difficult to both diagnose and treat. Misdiagnosing a prosthetic infection has terrible consequences for both the patient and healthcare system. No currently used diagnostic test fulfills the requirements to be considered a gold standard. This shortcoming has been overcome through the implementation of multi-criteria diagnostic protocols elaborated by societies including the Infectious Diseases Society of America, International Consensus Meeting and European Bone and Joint Infection Society, using a combination of clinical, paraclinical and molecular findings in order to achieve the best accuracy in diagnosing PJI. This review aims to survey the current state of the techniques and technologies used for the diagnosis of PJI, investigating the accuracies of serum biomarkers (e.g., C-reactive protein, Interleukin-6, procalcitonin, D-dimers, Serum Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1), synovial biomarkers (e.g., Antimicrobial peptides, lipocalin-2, leukocyte esterase, calprotectin), tissue biomarkers (e.g., Toll-like receptors, CD15) and advanced molecular techniques (e.g., Polymerase chain reaction, Metagenomic next-generation sequencing), as well as describing their ongoing limitations. In the search for an accurate, inexpensive and fast diagnostic test for PJI, we conclude that the accuracies of the currently studied biomarkers could be further enhanced through the development of novel detection technologies.","PeriodicalId":74664,"journal":{"name":"Reports (MDPI)","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12452527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145115357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pediatric Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia with a GATA2 Mutation and Monosomy 7: A Case Report and Clinical Management Challenges. 儿童急性巨核细胞白血病伴GATA2突变和7号单体：一例报告和临床管理挑战。

IF 0.8

Reports (MDPI) Pub Date : 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.3390/reports8030153

Gowri Joshi, Astil Jisho Anto, Md Maaz Mallick, Gwan Yong Lim, Łukasz Hutnik

{"title":"Pediatric Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia with a GATA2 Mutation and Monosomy 7: A Case Report and Clinical Management Challenges.","authors":"Gowri Joshi, Astil Jisho Anto, Md Maaz Mallick, Gwan Yong Lim, Łukasz Hutnik","doi":"10.3390/reports8030153","DOIUrl":"10.3390/reports8030153","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Clinical Significance: Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL) is a rare and aggressive hematologic malignancy. The presence of genetic abnormalities often increases the complexity of AMKL. Among these, patients with monosomy 7 constitute a high-risk group associated with a poorer prognosis and greater chemoresistance. We report the case of a 10-year-old boy who had AMKL along with monosomy 7 and familial GATA2 deficiency. The case highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges faced, as well as the critical importance of early genetic screening and timely hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Case Presentation: A 10-year-old boy presented with easy bruising and pancytopenia. AMKL was diagnosed with the help of a bone marrow biopsy and immunophenotyping. Genetic testing showed a GATA2 mutation and monosomy 7. Two induction cycles with daunorubicin and cytarabine were administered but failed to eliminate residual disease. The patient also developed pneumonia of a fungal origin. HSCT was delayed due to liver toxicity and elevated minimal residual disease (MRD). Azacitidine and venetoclax stabilized the disease, thereby allowing for successful haploidentical HSCT. The patient achieved complete remission with full donor chimerism. Conclusions: This case emphasizes the importance of early molecular diagnostics in pediatric AMKL. Identifying GATA2 mutations and monosomy 7 early can help guide risk stratification and the timing of HSCT. Multimodal therapy, which includes the use of infection control and targeted agents, is important for improving the outcomes in high-risk patients.","PeriodicalId":74664,"journal":{"name":"Reports (MDPI)","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12452639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145115217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is Semaglutide Linked to NAION? A Case Report on a Rare Ocular Complication. Semaglutide与NAION有关吗？罕见眼并发症1例报告。

IF 0.8

Reports (MDPI) Pub Date : 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.3390/reports8030149

Dina Lešin Gaćina, Tomislav Vidović, Nikolina Vlajić Oreb, Lovorka Matković, Sonja Jandroković

{"title":"Is Semaglutide Linked to NAION? A Case Report on a Rare Ocular Complication.","authors":"Dina Lešin Gaćina, Tomislav Vidović, Nikolina Vlajić Oreb, Lovorka Matković, Sonja Jandroković","doi":"10.3390/reports8030149","DOIUrl":"10.3390/reports8030149","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Clinical Significance: Ischemic optic neuropathies (IONs) are significant causes of vision loss resulting from compromised blood flow to the optic nerve. Diabetes mellitus (DM) exacerbates the risk of IONs through chronic hyperglycemia and associated vascular dysfunction. Recently, semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, has been linked to ocular complications, including non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), potentially due to the rapid glycemic changes or vascular effects. Case Presentation: A 55-year-old female with type 2 DM, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia presented with blurred vision and optic disc edema after four months of semaglutide therapy (Ozempic®, Sydney, Australia). Initially diagnosed with diabetic papillopathy (DP), her condition progressed to NAION, leading to partial visual recovery with corticosteroid treatment and improved glycemic management. Diagnostic evaluations, including visual field testing, optical coherence tomography, and fluorescein angiography, supported the diagnosis. Conclusions: This case report describes the clinical course of a diabetic patient treated with a semaglutide who developed an ischemic optic event. The timing of symptom onset in relation to the initiation of semaglutide therapy raises the possibility of a causal association between the drug and this rare ocular complication. Close monitoring of ocular health is crucial for patients on GLP-1 receptor agonists, particularly those with pre-existing vascular risk factors. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and guide clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":74664,"journal":{"name":"Reports (MDPI)","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12372079/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Oral Health Status and Parental Awareness in Children with X-Linked Hypophosphatemic Rickets: A Case-Control Study. x连锁低磷血症佝偻病儿童口腔健康状况和父母意识：一项病例对照研究

IF 0.8

Reports (MDPI) Pub Date : 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.3390/reports8030151

Victoria Zlateva, Krasimir Hristov, Zdravka Todorova, Ralitsa Bogovska-Gigova

{"title":"Oral Health Status and Parental Awareness in Children with X-Linked Hypophosphatemic Rickets: A Case-Control Study.","authors":"Victoria Zlateva, Krasimir Hristov, Zdravka Todorova, Ralitsa Bogovska-Gigova","doi":"10.3390/reports8030151","DOIUrl":"10.3390/reports8030151","url":null,"abstract":"X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH) is a rare genetic disorder with a frequency of 1:20,000, caused by mutations in the PHEX gene, resulting in impaired phosphate metabolism and bone mineralization. There is an association between hypophosphatemia and dental issues, though this link is not definitively established. This study aims to evaluate the dental status, including oral hygiene, caries prevalence, and malocclusions, as well as parental awareness of dental complications, in children with XLH in Bulgaria, particularly those receiving or about to begin burosumab treatment, and to compare their oral health status with that of healthy children. Eleven children with XLH (seven girls, four boys, aged 2.5-17 years), nine receiving burosumab, were assessed and compared with eleven age- and gender-matched healthy children (seven girls, four boys, aged 2.5-17 years) without XLH or systemic conditions affecting dental health. Parental awareness of dental implications was assessed via a questionnaire, revealing no awareness of potential complications. Oral hygiene, measured using the Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-s), was poor in 66.67% of children, with an average of 6.45 ± 5.80 carious lesions per child, and was highest in the 11-16 age group. Malocclusions were observed in 63.64% of children, and spontaneous endodontic infections occurred in 18.18%. Compared with healthy children, patients with XLH had significantly worse oral hygiene (p = 0.013) and a higher caries prevalence (p = 0.001). Children with XLH exhibit poor oral hygiene, a high caries burden, and frequent malocclusions, compounded by a lack of parental awareness of dental risks. These findings underscore the need for targeted dental interventions and education in XLH management, including the integration of routine dental assessments and structured parental education programs into existing clinical protocols to improve oral health outcomes.","PeriodicalId":74664,"journal":{"name":"Reports (MDPI)","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12371944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Case of Success: Guidelines-Based Treatment to Control Atrial Fibrillation-Induced Cardiomyopathy-Atrioventricular Node Ablation and Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy to the Rescue. 一个成功的案例：基于指南的治疗控制房颤引起的心肌病-房室结消融和心脏再同步化治疗的抢救。

IF 0.8

Reports (MDPI) Pub Date : 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.3390/reports8030150

Neda Jonaitienė, Grytė Ramantauskaitė, Jolanta Laukaitienė

{"title":"A Case of Success: Guidelines-Based Treatment to Control Atrial Fibrillation-Induced Cardiomyopathy-Atrioventricular Node Ablation and Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy to the Rescue.","authors":"Neda Jonaitienė, Grytė Ramantauskaitė, Jolanta Laukaitienė","doi":"10.3390/reports8030150","DOIUrl":"10.3390/reports8030150","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Clinical Significance: Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and atrial fibrillation (AF) frequently coexist, creating a complex clinical interplay that exacerbates morbidity and mortality. AF can directly precipitate or worsen HFrEF through mechanisms such as tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy, loss of atrial contribution to ventricular filling, and irregular ventricular response. The use of evidence-based therapies improves clinical outcomes in patients with HFrEF. Case Presentation: We present a clinical case of a 58-year-old man with left bundle branch block (LBBB), tachysystolic AF, and the aforementioned induced HFrEF. The patient's medical treatment was optimized according to recent guidelines. Subsequent to the improvements in HF treatment, the patient's echocardiographic data showed a higher left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF); however, it remained below 35%. Moreover, tachysystolia persisted and was not sufficiently controlled with medications. Therefore, an upgrade of the pacemaker to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) following the destruction of the AV node was performed to control tachysystolic AF and worsening of HF. After the treatment adjustments, the patient's symptoms regressed, and echocardiography showed improved LVEF up to 41%. Conclusions: This case highlights the successful identification and timely application of intensive heart rate control management and heart failure induced by AF treatment.","PeriodicalId":74664,"journal":{"name":"Reports (MDPI)","volume":"8 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12371943/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0