PNAS nexus最新文献_第8页

Computational fluid dynamics enables predictable scale-up of perfusion bioreactors for microvessel production. 计算流体动力学使微血管生产的灌注生物反应器可预测的放大。

IF 4.8

PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2026-08-06 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag266

Pouyan Vatani, Kasinan Suthiwanich, Zidong Han, David A Romero, Sara S Nunes, Cristina H Amon

{"title":"Computational fluid dynamics enables predictable scale-up of perfusion bioreactors for microvessel production.","authors":"Pouyan Vatani, Kasinan Suthiwanich, Zidong Han, David A Romero, Sara S Nunes, Cristina H Amon","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag266","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag266","url":null,"abstract":"Scaling up microvessel culture systems is essential for producing clinically relevant vascularized tissues, yet conventional microphysiological platforms offer limited insight into how to maintain flow conditions during scale-up. Here, we present a computational-experimental framework using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to guide the design and scaling of microvessel bioreactors. Interstitial flow (IF) distributions were predicted in two perfusion-based platforms-a permeable well-plate insert and a rhomboidal microfluidic chamber-across multiple scaling factors and hydrostatic pressures. CFD identified IF ranges conducive to microvessel network formation and quantified how geometry and pressure modulate the flow field. IF-preserving scale-up in permeable well-plate inserts generated microvessel networks with consistent morphology metrics across a more than 30-fold increase in culture volume. In microfluidic rhomboidal chambers, regions with distinct CFD-predicted IF velocity fields showed significant differences in average lumen diameter and total vessel length per area under otherwise matched experimental conditions, supporting an association between local IF environment and regional morphology. Together, these results show that CFD can predict and compare IF environments during scale-up, that preserving IF conditions during scale-up can result in similar morphology metrics, and that IF distributions inside a device can correlate with regional network morphology.","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"5 8","pages":"pgag266"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13458951/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148715114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Brief speech samples reveal emotional states in daily life. 简短的言语样本揭示了日常生活中的情绪状态。

IF 4.8

PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2026-08-06 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag263

Timo K Koch, Gabriella M Harari, Samuel D Gosling, Zachariah Marrero, Ramona Schoedel, Markus Bühner, Clemens Stachl

{"title":"Brief speech samples reveal emotional states in daily life.","authors":"Timo K Koch, Gabriella M Harari, Samuel D Gosling, Zachariah Marrero, Ramona Schoedel, Markus Bühner, Clemens Stachl","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag263","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag263","url":null,"abstract":"Does our speech-\"what\" we say and \"how\" we say it-reveal how we subjectively feel in daily life? Speech and emotion are often thought to be linked, but most supporting evidence comes from controlled laboratory settings and focuses on expressed, enacted, or externally labeled emotions, leaving open the question of whether naturalistic speech reflects subjective emotional experience in daily life. To address this question, we extracted both modern foundation-model embeddings and established speech-analysis variables from brief, prompted smartphone recordings, including Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count features and prosodic descriptors, and used them as inputs to supervised machine learning models predicting concurrent self-reported emotional states (934 participants; 12,285 observations). Cross-validated models evaluated on unseen participants captured information about self-reported emotional states (contentment: median Spearman ρ = 0.37; sadness: ρ = 0.24; arousal: ρ = 0.35), with spoken content represented by foundation-model text embeddings carrying the strongest emotional signal. Interpretability analyses provided further insights into the linguistic characteristics of everyday emotional language. These findings provide large-scale evidence that brief speech samples contain information about subjective emotional states in daily life.","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"5 8","pages":"pgag263"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13458938/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148715117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

One rule does not fit all: Deviations from universality in human mobility modeling. 一个规则并不适用于所有人：人类流动性建模中的普遍性偏差。

IF 4.8

PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2026-08-05 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag267

Ludovico Napoli, Márton Karsai, Esteban Moro

{"title":"One rule does not fit all: Deviations from universality in human mobility modeling.","authors":"Ludovico Napoli, Márton Karsai, Esteban Moro","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag267","url":null,"abstract":"Accurately modeling of individual movement in cities has significant implications for policy decisions across various sectors. Existing research emphasizes the universality of human mobility, positing that simple models can accurately capture population-level movements. However, population-level accuracy can mask structured heterogeneity at the individual level and does not guarantee consistent performance across all individuals. By overlooking individual differences, universality laws may accurately describe certain groups while less precisely representing others, resulting in systematic biases at the individual level. Using large-scale mobility data, we assess accuracy at individual level of a universal model, the Exploration and Preferential Return (EPR) model, by examining deviations from expected behavior in two scaling laws-one related to exploration and the other to return patterns. Our findings reveal that, while the model can accurately describe population-wide movement patterns, it displays widespread deviations linked to behavioral traits, socioeconomic and lifestyles of individuals, which are not fully captured by the model's assumptions. In particular, individuals poorly represented by the EPR model exhibit bursty exploration and sequential routine behaviors, associated with stronger temporal irregularity and habitual repetition. Among socioeconomic factors, income emerges as the strongest predictor of deviations from the model, leading to significant spatial disparities in accuracy. Notably, the universal accuracy of the EPR model deteriorates in urbanized and densely populated areas, underscoring essential policy implications. Our results show that reliance on universal mobility models may lead to uneven predictive performance across socioeconomic groups, particularly for vulnerable populations whose mobility patterns diverge most from model assumptions.","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"5 8","pages":"pgag267"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13484880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148802799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mitigating artificial light at night: effectiveness of policies and implications for plant phenology. 减少夜间人造光：政策的有效性及其对植物物候学的影响。

IF 4.8

PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2026-08-04 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag237

Brandt Geist, Lin Meng, Travis Longcore, Zhuosen Wang, Franz Hölker, Huidong Li, Hao Yin, Mahir Tajwar

{"title":"Mitigating artificial light at night: effectiveness of policies and implications for plant phenology.","authors":"Brandt Geist, Lin Meng, Travis Longcore, Zhuosen Wang, Franz Hölker, Huidong Li, Hao Yin, Mahir Tajwar","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag237","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag237","url":null,"abstract":"Light pollution, an increasingly recognized environmental hazard, disrupts urban ecosystems, including plant phenology, such as leaf-out and senescence. In recent years, municipalities have enacted legislation to reduce artificial light at night (ALAN) at city levels. However, the effectiveness of these mitigation strategies on reducing ALAN and their impacts on urban ecosystems remain underexplored. Here, we present a proof of concept analysis to explore the potential of ALAN-mitigation policies on changes in intensity and spectrum composition of ALAN and consequent changes in plant phenology using Sustainable Development Science Satellite 1 data for 2022-2024 in paired US cities-one with mitigation policies and one without. Results suggest that ALAN declined in cities with ALAN-mitigation policies (New York City and Washington DC), with the largest decline in blue band. In contrast, ALAN increased in cities without policies (Newark and Philadelphia). The reduction in shifts of spring and autumn phenology observed in cities with mitigation was consistent with declines in ALAN exposure. These findings highlight the potential of multispectral nighttime light data in quantitatively assessing the efficacy of ALAN-mitigation policies in reducing light pollution and its ecological impacts.","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"5 8","pages":"pgag237"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13435329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148674834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genomic signatures of native (Japanese) and introduced (Oceanian) populations of the Asian longhorned tick Haemaphysalis longicornis. 亚洲长角血蜱的本地（日本）和引进（大洋洲）种群的基因组特征。

IF 4.8

PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2026-08-04 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag232

Yuma Ohari, Kodai Kusakisako, Mackenzie L Kwak, Rika Umemiya-Shirafuji, Wessam Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed, Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed Moustafa, Elisha Chatanga, Samuel Kelava, Ketan Christi, Dinesh Kumar, Nariaki Nonaka, Yasuko Orba, Keita Matsuno, Ryo Nakao

{"title":"Genomic signatures of native (Japanese) and introduced (Oceanian) populations of the Asian longhorned tick Haemaphysalis longicornis.","authors":"Yuma Ohari, Kodai Kusakisako, Mackenzie L Kwak, Rika Umemiya-Shirafuji, Wessam Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed, Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed Moustafa, Elisha Chatanga, Samuel Kelava, Ketan Christi, Dinesh Kumar, Nariaki Nonaka, Yasuko Orba, Keita Matsuno, Ryo Nakao","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag232","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag232","url":null,"abstract":"The Asian longhorned tick (Haemaphysalis longicornis) impacts the health of humans, livestock, and wildlife, both as a parasite and a vector. Over more than a century, H. longicornis has become a widespread invasive species across much of the Asia-Pacific region, with a recent emergence in North America. This dispersal success could be associated with the ability of certain lineages of H. longicornis to reproduce via parthenogenesis. We analyzed complete mitochondrial genomes and genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from ticks collected within the native range of H. longicornis (Japan), invasive populations in the Asia-Pacific (Australia, Fiji, and New Caledonia), and laboratory-maintained parthenogenetic and bisexual strains. We also compared our data with DNA sequences in GenBank from invasive populations in other countries (e.g., United States). Two distinct clades (Mt-Clade 1 and Mt-Clade 2) were observed in the phylogenetic tree based on mitochondrial genomes. All specimens from the bisexual laboratory strains were assigned to Mt-Clade 1 and those from the parthenogenetic laboratory strains were assigned to Mt-Clade 2, whereas the field-collected male specimens were included in both clades. No geographical cline associated with the phylogenetic characteristics was observed. In contrast, analyses based on genome-wide SNPs demonstrated a cluster composed of Oceanian samples apart from Japanese samples and detected gene flow between the two mitogenomic clades. Our results suggest that parthenogenesis may have evolved multiple times within H. longicornis rather than originating from a single evolutionary event.","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"5 8","pages":"pgag232"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13435331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148674842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The pivotal role of the food service industry in alleviating urban segregation and boosting city vitality. 餐饮服务业在缓解城市隔离、提升城市活力方面的关键作用。

IF 4.8

PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2026-08-04 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag265

Mingxing Chen, Yue Xian, Junfan Lin, Yuanxuan Yang, Alexis Comber, Liangkan Chen, Wenming Song

{"title":"The pivotal role of the food service industry in alleviating urban segregation and boosting city vitality.","authors":"Mingxing Chen, Yue Xian, Junfan Lin, Yuanxuan Yang, Alexis Comber, Liangkan Chen, Wenming Song","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag265","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag265","url":null,"abstract":"Urban segregation challenges the sustainable and inclusive development of cities, yet little is known about how to address it effectively. This study examines how restaurants in Chengdu, China, a city renowned for its vibrant food culture, shape social interactions in daily life, aiming to uncover ways to promote greater social mixing. Drawing on 1.52 million cell phone records and information on 5,347 restaurants from Dianping.com, social isolation indices were measured across residential contexts and dining-out activities. The results show that the social isolation index during dining-out activities is, on average, 47.3% lower than in residential settings. Community restaurants with dense service coverage within 5.76 km demonstrate substantial potential to reduce social isolation. However, restaurant visits are highly unevenly distributed and concentrated in a limited number of neighborhoods in central and newly developed districts. Regression analyses reveal that restaurant-level social segregation is strongly negatively associated with customer flows, while service radius has a positive effect, in contrast, price level and cuisine type show no significant impact. These findings from Chengdu, China, provide a motivation and an analytical framework for future research in other contexts to examine how the food service industry may relate to social integration, including through factors such as affordability and transport accessibility.","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"5 8","pages":"pgag265"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13458950/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148715137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to: Evolution and determinants of firm-level systemic risk in local production networks. 修正：本地生产网络中企业层面系统性风险的演变和决定因素。

IF 4.8

PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2026-08-04 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag252

引用次数: 0

Perceptions of migration and integration in Germany: The role of regional context and migrants' origin. 对德国移民和融合的看法：地区背景和移民起源的作用。

IF 4.8

PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2026-08-03 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag264

Paul Berbée, Marvin Brinkmann, Katia Gallegos Torres, Martin Lange, Elias Naumann, Katrin Sommerfeld

{"title":"Perceptions of migration and integration in Germany: The role of regional context and migrants' origin.","authors":"Paul Berbée, Marvin Brinkmann, Katia Gallegos Torres, Martin Lange, Elias Naumann, Katrin Sommerfeld","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag264","url":null,"abstract":"A substantial body of evidence documents misperceptions among natives regarding the number of migrants and their integration. Using two experimental studies, we show that these misperceptions are context-dependent rather than universal. The first study examines whether the accuracy of natives' perceptions varies with the spatial scale at which they are elicited. People consistently overestimate the share of migrants, and this misperception does not depend on scale. In contrast, perceptions of migrant integration improve at more localized levels: natives underestimate integration at the national scale but estimates become more accurate at the district and neighborhood levels. The second study shows that perceptions of labor market integration for both natives and migrants are generally inaccurate and vary across different migrant groups. Overall, our findings suggest that researchers studying (mis)perceptions about migrants should carefully consider the spatial context of their data. Misperceptions are more nuanced than previously recognized.","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"5 8","pages":"pgag264"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13479250/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148802766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Surface chiral Abelian topological order on multilayer cluster Mott insulators. 多层簇Mott绝缘子的表面手性阿贝尔拓扑序。

IF 4.8

PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2026-08-03 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag248

Xu-Ping Yao, Chao-Kai Li, Gang V Chen

引用次数: 0

A test of time: Modeling the long-term success of crowd collaborations. 时间的考验：模拟群体合作的长期成功。

IF 4.8

PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2026-07-31 eCollection Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag251

Abraham Israeli, David Jurgens, Daniel M Romero

{"title":"A test of time: Modeling the long-term success of crowd collaborations.","authors":"Abraham Israeli, David Jurgens, Daniel M Romero","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag251","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag251","url":null,"abstract":"The Internet has significantly expanded the potential for global collaboration, allowing millions of users to contribute to projects like Wikipedia. While some of these collaborative efforts see early success, their long-term success is key for lasting impact. Despite its importance, this dimension of success remains largely unexplored. Prior work has assessed the success of online collaborations, however, most approaches are time-agnostic, evaluating success without considering its longevity. Research on the factors that ensure the long-term preservation of high-quality standards in online collaboration is scarce. We address this gap. We propose a novel metric, \"Sustainable Success,\" which measures the ability of collaborative efforts to maintain their quality over time. We introduce the SustainPedia dataset, which compiles data from 48.7K Wikipedia articles. All articles in SustainPedia have reached the highest indicators of quality provided by the English Wikipedia, but a portion of them (7.5%) were later demoted from this high-quality status. SustainPedia includes each article's label and more than 300 explanatory features such as edit history, user experience, and team composition. Using this dataset, we develop machine learning models to predict the sustainable success of Wikipedia articles. Our analysis reveals important insights. For example, we find that articles that take to be recognized as high-quality are more likely to maintain thier status over time (i.e. be sustainable). Additionally, user experience emerged as the most critical predictor of sustainability. Our model provides the opportunity of automatically flagging articles at risk of being unsustainable. It also supports actionable factors that are significantly associated with (un)sustainable Wikipedia articles.","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"5 8","pages":"pgag251"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13496240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148802678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0