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Correction of Smyth et al. (2023). What constitutes successful goal pursuit? Exploring the relation between subjective and objective measures of goal progress 更正斯迈思等人（2023 年）。什么是成功的目标追求？探索目标进展的主观和客观衡量标准之间的关系
Personality science Pub Date : 2023-11-21 DOI: 10.5964/ps.13229
{"title":"Correction of Smyth et al. (2023). What constitutes successful goal pursuit? Exploring the relation between subjective and objective measures of goal progress","authors":"","doi":"10.5964/ps.13229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5964/ps.13229","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74421,"journal":{"name":"Personality science","volume":"36 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139252495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Big Five personality dimensions in large-scale surveys: An overview of 25 German data sets for personality research 大型调查中的五大人格维度:25个德国人格研究数据集综述
Personality science Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.5964/ps.10769
Beatrice Rammstedt, Lena Roemer, Julie Mutschler, Clemens Lechner
{"title":"The Big Five personality dimensions in large-scale surveys: An overview of 25 German data sets for personality research","authors":"Beatrice Rammstedt, Lena Roemer, Julie Mutschler, Clemens Lechner","doi":"10.5964/ps.10769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5964/ps.10769","url":null,"abstract":"<p xmlns=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/JATS1\">In recent decades, the number of large-scale surveys that have included measures of the Big Five personality traits in their standard questionnaires has grown sharply both in Germany and internationally. Consequently, a vast, heterogeneous, high-quality data base is now readily available to personality psychologists for secondary analyses. In this paper, we provide an overview of 25 public large-scale surveys assessing the Big Five. Our aim is to increase researchers’ awareness of the availability and analytical potential of these data, and ultimately to increase their reuse. We restricted our selection to surveys of the adult population, conducted in Germany, based on probabilistic samples with a minimum sample size of 1,500 respondents, and assessing all Big Five dimensions with a validated Big Five instrument. We describe the study designs, the measures used to assess the Big Five, and the research potential of these valuable data.","PeriodicalId":74421,"journal":{"name":"Personality science","volume":"50 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134901329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Motive perception at first impressions: On the relevance of targets’ explicit and implicit motive dispositions 第一印象动机知觉:论被试外显和内隐动机倾向的相关性
Personality science Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.5964/ps.10753
Pauline Bassler, Michael Dufner, Jaap Denissen
{"title":"Motive perception at first impressions: On the relevance of targets’ explicit and implicit motive dispositions","authors":"Pauline Bassler, Michael Dufner, Jaap Denissen","doi":"10.5964/ps.10753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5964/ps.10753","url":null,"abstract":"<p xmlns=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/JATS1\">When people judge the motive dispositions of unacquainted others, are their judgments accurate representations of the targets’ explicit motives, their implicit motives, or both? To address this question, we assessed target persons’ explicit motives via self-report and their implicit motives via a Picture Story Exercise as well as two recently developed affective contingency-based measures. Targets were then filmed during a short, casual conversation. The recordings were shown to thirty unacquainted observers who judged targets’ affiliation, power and achievement motives. For all three motives, observer ratings were linked to explicit motives. For the affiliation and achievement domains, ratings were also linked to implicit motives. We further investigated whether the extent of congruence between observer ratings and motive ratings would depend on information modality, this was not the case. The findings thus indicate that both explicit and implicit motives are relevant for observer judgments, but that these effects are not modality-specific.","PeriodicalId":74421,"journal":{"name":"Personality science","volume":"109 47","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135138416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Communal narcissism and sadism as predictors of everyday vigilantism 集体自恋和虐待狂是日常自卫行为的预测因素
Personality science Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.5964/ps.10523
Fan Xuan Chen, Ekin Ok, Karl Aquino
{"title":"Communal narcissism and sadism as predictors of everyday vigilantism","authors":"Fan Xuan Chen, Ekin Ok, Karl Aquino","doi":"10.5964/ps.10523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5964/ps.10523","url":null,"abstract":"<p xmlns=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/JATS1\">Vigilantes monitor their social environment for signs of wrongdoing and administer unauthorized punishment on those who they perceive to be violating laws, social norms, or moral standards. We investigated whether the willingness to become a vigilante can be predicted by grandiose self-perceptions about one’s communality (communal narcissism) and enjoyment of cruelty (sadism). As hypothesized, findings demonstrated both variables to be positively related to becoming a vigilante as measured by reports of past and anticipated vigilante behavior (Study 1) and by dispositional tendencies toward vigilantism (Studies 1 and 2). We also found communal narcissism and sadism predicted the perceived effectiveness of vigilante actions exhibited by others (Study 2) and the intention to engage in vigilantism after witnessing a norm violation (Study 3). Finally, Study 3 also demonstrated that the tendency for communal narcissists and sadists to become a vigilante might vary based on the expected consequences of the observed norm violation.","PeriodicalId":74421,"journal":{"name":"Personality science","volume":"56 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136261584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sexual satisfaction predicts future changes in relationship satisfaction and sexual frequency: New insights from within-person associations over time 性满意度预测关系满意度和性频率的未来变化:来自人际关系的新见解
Personality science Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.5964/ps.11869
Haeyoung Gideon Park, Nathan D. Leonhardt, Matthew D. Johnson, Amy Muise, Dean M. Busby, Veronica R. Hanna-Walker, Jeremy B. Yorgason, Erin K. Holmes, Emily A. Impett
{"title":"Sexual satisfaction predicts future changes in relationship satisfaction and sexual frequency: New insights from within-person associations over time","authors":"Haeyoung Gideon Park, Nathan D. Leonhardt, Matthew D. Johnson, Amy Muise, Dean M. Busby, Veronica R. Hanna-Walker, Jeremy B. Yorgason, Erin K. Holmes, Emily A. Impett","doi":"10.5964/ps.11869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5964/ps.11869","url":null,"abstract":"<p xmlns=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/JATS1\">Considerable research demonstrates a positive association between sexual satisfaction and relationship satisfaction, but longitudinal evidence on the direction of this link remains inconclusive. To address this research gap, the present research provided a stringent test of the within-person associations between sexual and relationship satisfaction over time by analyzing 4-year longitudinal data from a nationally representative sample of newlywed couples in the United States (N = 2,104). The results indicated that within-person changes in sexual satisfaction predicted future changes in relationship satisfaction, whereas changes in relationship satisfaction did not predict future changes in sexual satisfaction. These results remained consistent when accounting for changes in couples’ sexual frequency, which showed significant associations with sexual satisfaction but non-significant associations with relationship satisfaction over time. All associations were consistent across gender. Overall, the current findings inform theory and practice on the roles of sexual dynamics in shaping overall perceptions of intimate relationships.","PeriodicalId":74421,"journal":{"name":"Personality science","volume":"55 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136262804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Who comments, commends, and complains in online scientific studies? 谁在网上科学研究中评论、评论和抱怨?
Personality science Pub Date : 2023-10-18 DOI: 10.5964/ps.7537
Lau Lilleholt, Robert Böhm, Ingo Zettler
{"title":"Who comments, commends, and complains in online scientific studies?","authors":"Lau Lilleholt, Robert Böhm, Ingo Zettler","doi":"10.5964/ps.7537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5964/ps.7537","url":null,"abstract":"<p xmlns=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/JATS1\">Whereas research has investigated links between personality and commenting behavior on various online platforms, research testing who comments positively, neutrally, or negatively in online scientific studies is missing. Herein, we tackle this gap, considering the HEXACO personality dimensions. Relying on a COVID-19 survey (N = 8,809), we find that, as compared to their counterparts, people high in Openness to Experience comment more; that people high in Extraversion and Openness to Experience commend more; and that those high in Emotionality write both more neutral comments and fewer complaints. Notably, these relations all appear to be modest. Combined, our findings provide novel insights into the relations between personality and commenting behavior in online scientific studies, suggesting that—while people with certain personality characteristics comment more in specific ways than others—researchers need not to worry too much that the comments they receive are overly biased.","PeriodicalId":74421,"journal":{"name":"Personality science","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135883763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
What happens when you add a ‘not relevant’ response option to the unipolar response scales of personality state items? 当你在个性状态项目的单极反应量表中添加“不相关”的反应选项时，会发生什么?
Personality science Pub Date : 2023-10-18 DOI: 10.5964/ps.8477
Sarah Kritzler, Peter Haehner, Julia Krasko, Susanne Buecker
{"title":"What happens when you add a ‘not relevant’ response option to the unipolar response scales of personality state items?","authors":"Sarah Kritzler, Peter Haehner, Julia Krasko, Susanne Buecker","doi":"10.5964/ps.8477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5964/ps.8477","url":null,"abstract":"<p xmlns=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/JATS1\">What happens when you add a “not relevant” response option to the unipolar response scales of personality state items? In an experimental experience sampling study with a between-person design (total N = 248; n = 3,253 observations), we compared personality states measured with a unipolar response scale including or not including a “not relevant” response option. Overall, “not relevant” responses were quite prevalent but varied between items. Certain characteristics of the situation (particularly sociality) but not of the person predicted the use of the “not relevant” response option. Additionally, means and distributions of personality states significantly differed between the different response scales, but their associations with other relevant constructs did not. Overall, this study emphasizes the importance of systematically addressing how personality states should be measured and provides first evidence that a “not relevant” response option might be an important aspect to consider for the measurement of personality states.","PeriodicalId":74421,"journal":{"name":"Personality science","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135884066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
What constitutes successful goal pursuit? Exploring the relation between subjective and objective measures of goal progress 什么构成了成功的目标追求?探索目标进展的主客观指标之间的关系
Personality science Pub Date : 2023-08-15 DOI: 10.5964/ps.12017
Aidan P. J. Smyth, Marina Milyavsksaya, Malte Friese, K. Werner, M. Frech, David D. Loschelder, Joanne Anderson, M. Inzlicht, Marta T. Kolbuszewska, Kelly Wang
{"title":"What constitutes successful goal pursuit? Exploring the relation between subjective and objective measures of goal progress","authors":"Aidan P. J. Smyth, Marina Milyavsksaya, Malte Friese, K. Werner, M. Frech, David D. Loschelder, Joanne Anderson, M. Inzlicht, Marta T. Kolbuszewska, Kelly Wang","doi":"10.5964/ps.12017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5964/ps.12017","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Despite a rich literature on goals, the notion of successful goal pursuit remains somewhat unclear. Most research on personal goal pursuit relies on subjective measures of goal progress and research that uses objective measures (e.g., grade point average) often ignores individuals’ idiosyncratic goals. The present research investigated the relation between diverse measures of goal progress in the context of academic and weight loss goals using four datasets (total sample = 351). Overall, subjective measures were positively related to objective measures. The magnitudes of these associations varied across studies and were generally smaller than would be expected if the measures assessed the same construct (R² = .05–.39). These findings suggest that subjective and objective measures may reflect related but distinct constructs. The present research draws attention to an important topic in the goals literature and highlights the need for additional research on the conceptualization and operationalization of successful goal pursuit.","PeriodicalId":74421,"journal":{"name":"Personality science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41976085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Combining sensors and surveys to study social interactions: A case of four science conferences 结合传感器和调查研究社会互动：以四次科学会议为例
Personality science Pub Date : 2023-06-07 DOI: 10.5964/ps.9957
Mathieu Génois, M. Zens, Marcos Oliveira, Clemens M. Lechner, Johann Schaible, M. Strohmaier
{"title":"Combining sensors and surveys to study social interactions: A case of four science conferences","authors":"Mathieu Génois, M. Zens, Marcos Oliveira, Clemens M. Lechner, Johann Schaible, M. Strohmaier","doi":"10.5964/ps.9957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5964/ps.9957","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We present a unique collection of four data sets to study social behaviour, collected during international scientific conferences. Interactions between participants were tracked using the SocioPatterns platform, which allows collecting face-to-face physical proximity events every 20 seconds. Through accompanying surveys, we gathered extensive information about the participants: sociodemographic characteristics, Big Five personality traits, DIAMONDS situation perceptions, measure of scientific attractiveness, motivations for attending the conferences, and perceptions of the crowd. Linking the sensor and survey data provides a rich window into social behaviour. At the individual level, the data sets allow personality scientists to investigate individual differences in social behaviour and pinpoint which individual characteristics (e.g., social roles, personality traits, situation perceptions) drive these individual differences. At the group level, the data allow to study the mechanisms responsible for interacting patterns within a scientific crowd during a social, networking and idea-sharing event.","PeriodicalId":74421,"journal":{"name":"Personality science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48753715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Personality at work 工作中的个性
Personality science Pub Date : 2023-06-07 DOI: 10.5964/ps.7045
Joanna Ritz, Stephen A. Woods, B. Wille, S. E. Woo, Annika Nübold, Nadin Beckmann, R. Dalal, Zvonimir Galić, Brenton M. Wiernik, R. Tett, J. Pickett, Neil D. Christiansen
{"title":"Personality at work","authors":"Joanna Ritz, Stephen A. Woods, B. Wille, S. E. Woo, Annika Nübold, Nadin Beckmann, R. Dalal, Zvonimir Galić, Brenton M. Wiernik, R. Tett, J. Pickett, Neil D. Christiansen","doi":"10.5964/ps.7045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5964/ps.7045","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Studies of personality at work have made significant contributions to theory and applied practice in work and organizational settings. This review article proposes that there are also reciprocal influences between core personality science and research on personality in work and organizations, each drawing on insights from the other. Following this tradition, the objective of this article is to review key foundations of research in a way that informs and critically reflects on state-of-the-art evidence in four main themes: (1) conceptualization and structure of personality at work, (2) personality assessment in work settings, (3) personality processes and dynamics at work, and (4) impact of situations on personaliy at work. Critically reflections on key implications, and directions for future research are presented, anticipating how the field may adapt to the changing nature of work and society.","PeriodicalId":74421,"journal":{"name":"Personality science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41843001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 46
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