Open research Europe最新文献

{"title":"Impact of sub-basalt thrust systems on the Faroe continental shelf for the late Paleoproterozoic-Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the margin.","authors":"Jean-Baptiste P Koehl, David W Jolley, Alexander L Peace, Jhon M Muñoz-Barrera, Gillian R Foulger","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.18284.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.18284.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Faroe margin in the northeastern Atlantic is segmented by margin-orthogonal, WNW-ESE-striking lineaments extending several hundred kilometers out to the continent-ocean transition. Despite several earlier studies speculating that these features are the product of reactivation of pre-Cenozoic basement-seated structures at depth, the thick Cenozoic volcano-sedimentary sequences deposited along the margin mask the underburden, thus rendering the identification and interpretation of such structures and resolving the pre-Cenozoic history of the area challenging. The present study documents for the first time the existence of margin-orthogonal basement-seated thrust systems and describes their detailed geometry, kinematics, and tectonic evolution.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We interpreted basement-seated tectonic structures on seismic reflection data from TGS on the Faroe Platform and the Wyville-Thomson and Munkagrunnur ridges using the newly established seismic facies of major thrust systems.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data show that the Wyville-Thomson Ridge, Munkagrunnur Ridge, and Faroe Platform are cored by WNW-ESE-striking thrust systems hundreds of kilometers long and 30-50 km wide, showing dominantly top-SSW kinematics. The thrusts were reworked into NE-SW-striking folds during the Caledonian Orogeny and controlled the formation of Caledonian thrusts, which in turn controlled the formation of post-Caledonian faults. The pre-Caledonian nature of the WNW-ESE-striking thrusts and their geometry and kinematics suggest a relationship with late Paleoproterozoic Laxfordian shear zones onshore northern Scotland and the continuation of the coeval Nagssugtoqidian Orogen in southeastern Greenland, the Ammassalik Belt. The thrust systems also align with the Tornquist Zone in eastern Europe and the North Sea, thus suggesting either that they controlled the formation of the Tornquist Zone or a possibly much longer (Paleoproterozoic?) tectonic history for the Tornquist Zone.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Faroe Island margin is crosscut by late Paleoproterozoic Laxfordian-Nagssugtoqidian thrust systems, which controlled further tectonic development of the margin.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"4 ","pages":"181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11809482/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NOVEL INVENTION OF SPORE INDUCTION IN A SISTER SPECIES TO GROUP 4 DICTYOSTELIA.","authors":"Pauline Schaap","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.18365.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.18365.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dictyostelia are soil amoebas that aggregate to form fruiting bodies with spores and stalk cells in response to starvation. Where known, species across the dictyostelid phylogeny use secreted cAMP, detected by cAMP receptors (cARs) to induce the differentiation of spores and to organize fruiting body construction. However, recent deletion of the single <i>cAR</i> of <i>Polyspondylium violaceum (Pvio</i>) left both its fruiting bodies and spores intact.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To investigate whether <i>Pvio</i> sporulation can occur in the absence of secreted cAMP and to explore alternative inducers in a bioassay <i>,</i> three prespore genes were identified and gene fusions of their promoters with the <i>LacZ</i> reporter gene were transformed into <i>Pvio</i> cells. After assessing the spatial expression pattern of the genes and the stage at which prespore gene expression initiated, the effect of cAMP and other <i>Dictyostelium discoideum</i> ( <i>Ddis</i>) signal molecules were tested on prespore gene expression <i>in vitro</i>.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>Pvio</i> genes <i>g4562 (psp1)</i>, <i>g2696 (psp2)</i> and <i>g2380 (psp3)</i> were identified as homologs of <i>Ddis</i> spore coat genes. They were first expressed around 4 h of starvation in aggregation centres and later in the posterior 4/5 ^th of emerging sorogens and the spore head of early fruiting bodies. Cells from dissociated 4 h aggregates and shaken in suspension for 6 h increased prespore- <i>LacZ</i> reporter activity 4-fold for <i>psp1</i> and 6-fold for <i>psp2,</i> but this increase was at least 5-fold higher when cells were plated on solid substratum for 6 h to develop normally. cAMP had no effect on prespore gene induction and neither had the <i>Pvio</i> chemoattractant glorin nor the <i>Ddis</i> chemoattractants and differentiation inducers folate, c-di-GMP, DIF-1, GABA, cGMP and 8Br-cAMP.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The <i>Pvio</i> lineage uniquely evolved a novel genetic network for synthesis, detection and processing of the signal that triggers its main survival strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"4 ","pages":"239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11574339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142676861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On elastic deformations of cylindrical bodies under the influence of the gravitational field.","authors":"Hamed Barzegar, Piotr T Chruściel, Elisabeth Steininger","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.17329.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.17329.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Elastic deformations of gravitating cylindrical bodies are relevant for state-of-the-art photonic experiments, as they affect the physical properties of materials under consideration, impacting wave propagation. This is of key importance for a recently planned experiment to explore the influence of the gravitational field on entangled photons propagating in waveguides. The purpose of this work is to determine these elastic deformations as functions of temperature, pressure, and of the gravitational field. We thus determine the deformations of the body due to changes of the gravitational field, and obtain stringent bounds on the control of temperature and pressure so that the effects of the associated elastic deformations on the photons propagating in a waveguide are smaller than the phase shifts associated with the change of the gravitational field.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We use the methods of linear elasticity, including thermoelasticity, to determine the stresses and strains of the medium. For this, the symmetry of the cylinder allows us to solve the problem by using Mitchell's solutions of the equations satisfied by the Airy functions. The boundary conditions are implemented by an approximation of the Hertz contact method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We calculate the displacements, the stresses and strains for several classes of boundary conditions, and give explicit solutions for a number of physically motivated configurations. The influence of the resulting deformations on the planned GRAVITES experiment is determined.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results are relevant for fiber interferometry experiments sensitive to the effects of the gravitational field on photon propagation. Our calculations give stringent bounds on the environmental variables, which need to be controlled in such experiments.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"4 ","pages":"98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11367705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142121289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PRA Melting-ICE Project: Svalbard 2022 Expeditions Report.","authors":"Francesco Montemagno, Martina Cascone, Carlo Cardellini, Jacopo Pasotti, Elena Manini, Elisa Baldrighi, Enrico Maiero, Delia Segato, Riccardo Cerrato, Mauro Mazzola, Massimiliano Vardè, Angelina Cordone, Stefano Caliro, Iain Rudnik, Margaret Cramm, James Bradley, Donato Giovannelli","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.17772.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.17772.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arctic regions are among the fastest warming areas of the planet. Increasing average temperatures over the last five decades have deepened the thawing of the upper-most layer of permafrost across the Arctic, which contains significant amounts of organic carbon. The progressive deepening of seasonal thawing releases carbon that is used by active microorganisms which also produce greenhouse gases, potentially onsetting a positive feedback on global warming. Despite their importance in controlling organic matter degradation and greenhouse gas fluxes to the atmosphere, there is a lack of data on activity and dynamics of microbial communities in High Arctic soils in response to seasonal thaw. This report describes three specific expeditions performed on the Svalbard archipelago, carried out within the framework of the PRA (Italian Arctic Research Program) project Melting-ICE, performed between February and October 2022, reporting site characteristics and samples collected. The project aims to investigate the diversity and activity of active layer microbial communities across a full season thaw cycle, correlating microbial diversity with gas fluxes and composition. During these expeditions, a total of eight different sites were selected to investigate the microbiology and geochemistry of soils, as well as to estimate the gas fluxes from the soil to the atmosphere. The data collected in the field, combined with the results obtained in the laboratory, will provide a snapshot of the seasonal activity of the microbial communities present in the permafrost's active layer. The three campaigns will provide data to estimate the impact of permafrost melting on the carbon cycle and the role of microorganisms in the release of greenhouse gases.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"4 ","pages":"257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11791401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospects of digital scientific publishing on blockchain: The concept of DAP.","authors":"Karolj Skala, Zorislav Šojat, Josip Maričević, Davor Davidović, Viktor Bojović, Tomislav Zubčić, Branimir Kolarek, Dario Pažin, Draško Tomić, Tadej Slapnik, Mario Pecimotika","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.15771.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.15771.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Traditional publishing models, open access and major publishers, cannot adequately address the key challenges of academic publishing today: Speed of peer review, recognition of work and incentive mechanisms, transparency and thrust of the system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To address these challenges, the authors propose Democratisation of Academic Publishing (DAP) platform, which is based on the novel HashNET DLT platform. The DAP introduces several innovative components: tracking the activities of all participants in the peer review process using blockchain and smart contracts, the introduction of the Scholarly Wallet for holding reputation (non-fungible) and reward (fungible) tokens, the use of the Scholarly Wallet as the main interface to the DAP platform, the Virtual Editor that enables automatic discovery of the research area and invitation of reviewers, and finally the global database of evaluated reviewers, ranked by the quality of their previous work.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The DAP platform is in the development phase, with the design and functionalities of all modules defined. An exception is the central component of DAP, the Scholarly Wallet module, whose first prototype has already been created, tested and published. The implementation of DAP is planned for the next phase of the HorizonEurope TruBlo project and other research initiatives. The DAP platform will be connected to the publishing ecosystem: 1) as a backend system (distributed blockchain database) for existing publishing platforms and 2) as a standalone publishing platform with its own API interface.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The authors believe that DAP has the potential to significantly improve academic peer review and knowledge dissemination. It is expected that the use of blockchain technology, the fast HashNET consensus platform and tokens for reward (fungible) and reputation/ranking (non-fungible) will lead to a more efficient and transparent way of rewarding all participants in the peer review process and ultimately advance scientific research.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"3 ","pages":"117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11809477/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biaxial seismic response of base-column connections in sub-standard steel buildings: dataset.","authors":"Nikolaos Stathas, Luigi Di Sarno, Jingren Wu, Fabio Freddi, Mario D'Aniello, Stathis Bousias, Raffaele Landolfo, Esra Mete Güneyisi, Lambros Papagiannis","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.17563.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.17563.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Existing steel frames not complying with modern seismic codes are often vulnerable to earthquakes due to inadequate seismic detailing. These types of framed structures typically feature semi-rigid and partial strength column-base connections; the behaviour of such connections may significantly affect their seismic performance. However, current code provisions offer limited guidance for the assessment and retrofit of column-base connections To fill the knowledge gap, the H2020 EU-funded Earthquake Assessment of Base-Column Connections in Existing Steel Frames project experimentally investigated, the response of exposed column-base plate connections. Bi-directional Pseudo-Dynamic tests were carried out at the Structures Laboratory of the University of Patras within the framework of \"Engineering Research Infrastructures for European Synergies - ERIES\" project. The case-study steel frame featured two types of column-base plate connections, <i>i.e.,</i> stiffened and unstiffened, representing respectively the base connections of an external moment-resisting frame and an internal gravity frame. The experimental programme comprised free vibration tests to identify the modal properties of the sample steel frame. A set of quasi-static cyclic tests and pseudo-dynamic tests were then carried out to investigate the performance of the steel frame under bi-directional earthquake sequences. The response of each component constituting the column-base plate connections was monitored during the tests to fully capture the behaviour of the connections. Such experimental results allow model calibration and further parametric investigation on column base plate connections.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"4 ","pages":"161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11499733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diamonds in the rough - reconsidering the scientific and heritage value of heat-altered stones in prehistoric archaeology through a systematic literature review.","authors":"Margherita Cantelli, Xavier Terradas, Didier Binder, Martine Regert, André Carlo Colonese","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.18837.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.18837.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Heat-altered stones (HAS) are commonly reported in prehistoric sites across several continents, yet they continue to be generally overlooked and systematic studies on them are scarce.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a systematic literature review which consisted of searching journal articles, book chapters and books published in English, in Scopus and Web of Science. We collected information on their geographic distribution, chronology, composition, technological aspects and subsistence contexts from 73 records. Our aims were to assess the challenges and opportunities of analysing HAS, while highlighting that this class of artefacts is still largely an untapped source of information on prehistoric human activities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HAS have been documented since the Pleistocene, attesting that culinary and non-culinary activities using heating stones emerged among foraging groups subsisting on hunting, fishing and gathering. The high frequency of HAS during the middle and late Holocene testifies to the continuation of some practices over long time periods, amid the emergence of new food systems, and the introduction of new resources and technologies, such as domesticated plants and animals, and ceramic containers. A considerable lack of studies on HAS from Africa, Oceania, Asia, and South America was noted, all of which are key geographic areas for assessing the role of heating stones in human evolution, geographic dispersal, early cuisine and diet, and cultural transmission across the globe.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results highlight the persistent challenges archaeologists face in establishing fundamental definitions and diagnostic criteria for identifying HAS, while emphasizing the importance of HAS as essential elements for studying ancient foodways and cultural heritage. We call on archaeologists and cultural heritage managers to reconsider the heritage value of HAS and include them in specialised research agendas before significant knowledge of our past is lost.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"4 ","pages":"254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11803202/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Initial development and validation of item banks to measure problematic hypersexuality.","authors":"Piet van Tuijl, Peter Verboon, Jacques van Lankveld","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.16131.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.16131.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Problematic Hypersexuality (PH) is defined as a distress caused by hypersexuality, to the extent that seeking treatment is considered. PH was previously measured with instruments stemming from different perspectives on problems related to hypersexuality. These instruments might best be analyzed in unison to discover the most optimal set of characteristics to measure PH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 58 items were investigated with Item Response Theory (IRT). We included 1211 participants (592 women, 618 men, 1 other) from a representative Dutch general population sample of 18 years or older. In addition, 371 participants (116 women, 253 men, 2 other) in a web-based survey who sought information on their current level of PH were included. This latter group was divided into those that did or did not consider treatment and group differences in item averages were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After item selection, 26 out of 58 items were retained and divided in two scales: Emotion Dysregulation-PH - 9 items representing the distressing emotional patterns coinciding with hypersexual preoccupation - and Negative Effects-PH - 17 items representing the negative consequences of patterns of hypersexual thoughts and behavior. Assumptions for IRT analyses were met (unidimensionality, local independence and monotonicity). After an IRT graded response model was fit, the scales showed sufficient reliability for the target population of hypersexual individuals. In the general population the scales showed large floor effects and were less reliable.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>With this study a first step is taken in validating two complementary item banks to measure PH. Further development of the item banks should include the investigation of responsiveness. New items should be constructed to assess less-explored areas of PH and improve differentiating power of the scales. This study showed that diagnostic accuracy for PH is currently difficult to attain with a survey, even when using an extended item set representing the most unique characteristics of PH.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"3 ","pages":"129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11306953/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141908542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of the autolysis of rainbow trout viscera for amino acid release using response surface methodology.","authors":"Haizea Domínguez, Bruno Iñarra, Jalel Labidi, Carlos Bald","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.17646.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.17646.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Due to the huge amounts of their production in Europe, their environmental impact, and the difficulty in processing them, there is a clear necessity for the valorization of rainbow trout viscera. Considering that the production of fishmeal with viscera can be problematic, and in order to make viscera more profitable, the production of fish protein hydrolysates has been considered. Although silage and enzymatic hydrolysis are the most common methods for obtaining hydrolysates, autolysis has emerged as an alternative method that uses endogenous enzymes of the viscera.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Considering the stability and characteristics of the enzymes, a factorial design was carried out using three variables: pH, temperature, and water content. The design resulted in 15 experiments, and the results were analyzed using response surface methodology. The optimum parameters were validated by comparing the predicted outcomes with experimental results. Additionally, a kinetics study was conducted to shorten the autolysis time. Results from autolysis were compared with those from silage and enzymatic hydrolysis in a previous study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The optimal conditions for achieving the highest degree of hydrolysis and yield of free amino acids (FAAs) per 100 g of viscera and per total protein were determined to be a pH of 8, a temperature of 40 °C, and a water content of 6.85%. The pH and content of the added water were found to be significant variables during autolysis ( <i>p</i> < 0.05). The kinetic study showed that 7 h was still required to be effective.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Autolysis achieved a lower degree of hydrolysis than silage; however, as it solubilized more protein, the global yield of free amino acids per 100 g of viscera was slightly higher. It was concluded that endogenous alkaline proteases could be used in an autolytic process to obtain a free amino acid-rich hydrolysate from trout viscera.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"4 ","pages":"141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11587235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142718015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parametrizing analog multi-compartment neurons with genetic algorithms.","authors":"Raphael Stock, Jakob Kaiser, Eric Müller, Johannes Schemmel, Sebastian Schmitt","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.15775.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.15775.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Finding appropriate model parameters for multi-compartmental neuron models can be challenging. Parameters such as the leak and axial conductance are not always directly derivable from neuron observations but are crucial for replicating desired observations. The objective of this study is to replicate the attenuation behavior of an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) traveling along a linear chain of compartments on the analog BrainScaleS-2 neuromorphic hardware platform.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the present publication we use genetic algorithms to find suitable model parameters. They promise parameterization without domain knowledge of the neuromorphic substrate or underlying neuron model. To validate the results of the genetic algorithms, a comprehensive grid search was conducted. Furthermore, trial-to-trial variations in the analog system are counteracted utilizing spike-triggered averaging.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusions: </strong>The algorithm successfully replicated the desired EPSP attenuation behavior in both single and multi-objective searches illustrating the applicability of genetic algorithms to parameterize analog neuromorphic hardware.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"3 ","pages":"144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}