Open research Europe最新文献

{"title":"The quiet transformation of higher education in the AI era.","authors":"Nora Pireci Sejdiu, Sejdi Sejdiu","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.20715.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.20715.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper explores the subtle yet profound transformations occurring in higher education as a result of advancements in artificial intelligence (AI). This paper critically examines the implications of GenAI for teaching, learning, assessment, and institutional policy. Through an interdisciplinary lens, the study explores how AI challenges traditional academic practices while offering opportunities for innovation. Key themes include the redefinition of digital literacy into algorithmic literacy, the ethical dilemmas facing educators and students, and the growing urgency to address digital inequality. The paper highlights the need for proactive institutional strategies that balance innovation with integrity, calling for inclusive policies, ethical frameworks, and the development of critical AI literacies. This article positions GenAI as both a disruptor and enabler, offering strategic guidance for how higher education institutions can navigate and evolve amid rapid technological change.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12438950/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Freshwater monitoring across the globe: the role of citizen science within the European Water Framework Directive (WFD) and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and opportunities to incentivize the collaboration with environmental regulators.","authors":"Bruna Gumiero, Leonardo Veronesi, Luisa Galgani, Riccardo Gaetano Cirrone, Alessio Corsi, Andrea Tafi, Steven Arthur Loiselle","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.19162.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.19162.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Citizen science plays a crucial role in advancing the objectives of the European Union's Water Framework Directive (WFD) and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Among the key strengths of citizen science is that it fills information gaps in the management and observation of aquatic ecosystems, especially small rivers that often lack national and sub-national agency monitoring. The present study explores opportunities and challenges of integrating citizen science data with those of Environmental Agencies. The current state of the art is discussed through an analysis of 85 publications dealing with freshwater citizen science, finding that 34 of the ones individuated actually use citizen-science generated data. These 34 studies were analysed in more details focusing on data quality and geographical distribution. Findings highlight that citizen-generated data reach an accuracy between 70% and 90% when compared to laboratory values, but despite this outcome there is often lack of trust in citizen science data and processes. This is reflected in a limited involvement with policymakers and regulatory agencies. The present publication highlights good practices, challenges and opportunities for collaboration with environmental agencies, giving examples of some projects to address the WFD and increase the impact of freshwater citizen science.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12405854/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145002151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"APOLLO-Live: A multi-criteria-based webtool for synchronous group decision making and consensus support in energy and climate policy deliberations.","authors":"Konstantinos Koasidis, Anastasios Soursos, Georgios Xexakis, Álvaro Labella, Anastasios Karamaneas, Alexandros Nikas","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.19614.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.19614.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pursuing a just, equitable, and desirable sustainable transition requires stakeholders from a diverse set of backgrounds and varying viewpoints to actively engage in deliberations to co-design their future. Facilitating stakeholder engagement activities has so far relied on either qualitative frameworks and processes or simplified quantitative approaches such as surveys, which render eliciting tangible and actionable outcomes challenging. Although group decision making and consensus reaching can leverage the capacity of multi-criteria decision aid to address this gap, tools implementing such processes remain scarce. Here, we present APOLLO-Live, a stakeholder engagement webtool that can be used live in workshops to facilitate deliberations in energy and climate policy. The tool relies on linguistic variables, which are easily comprehensible by the participants, and employs the 2-tuple TOPSIS group decision making method to prioritise needs faced by different communities, as well as solutions that can be implemented to advance the energy transition. It also fleshes out differences in the voting patterns of different groups of voters and calculates a consensus metric to shed light on conflicts arising. Through tips and suggestions provided within the tool and based on multiple rounds of voting, supplemented by live discussions during the workshop, the tool can improve consensus and synthesise multiple perspectives in the produced outcomes, assisting towards bridging the conflicts and producing solutions that are widely accepted. We highlight the functionalities of the webtool, including how it can be used to advance stakeholder dialogues, in two pilot use cases targeting the preferences of the youth in terms of (a) actions to advance climate action and (b) investments to be prioritised. Finally, although the development and use principles followed focused on the energy and climate policy domain, the tool can be used in any application where multi-criteria decision aid and group decision making can potentially be employed.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12280870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elastically induced phase-shift and birefringence in optical fibers.","authors":"Elisabeth Steininger, Thomas Mieling, Piotr T Chruściel","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.19414.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.19414.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Light propagation in optical fibers is known to be sensitive to ambient conditions such as changes in temperature and pressure. Building on a model for elastic deformations of optical fiber spools derived in previous work, the induced effects on phase and birefringence are investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We use a perturbative scheme to solve, to first order, the Maxwell equations in deformed fibers using a multiple-scales approximation scheme. Specifically, we consider differences in wave-guiding properties of straight fibers subject to different external temperatures, pressures, and gravitational fields.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We obtain propagation equations for the Jones vector along optical fibers. This results in phase shifts and birefringence effects, for which we derive explicit expressions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The phase shift can be expressed in terms of the average radial pressure, longitudinal tension, and change in temperature, while birefringence depends on the quadrupole of the external pressure distribution and the stresses on the axis of the fiber. Our result provides stringent constraints on the environmental control needed for sensitive fiber interferometry.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12203310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144531522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital credentials for environmental competencies: A scoping review of open recognition systems in climate education.","authors":"Pablo Martín-Ramos, Dileyni Diaz-De-Oleo, Fatma Fourati-Jamoussi, Kimberley Couchy, Lucio Alessandro Lo Giudice, Barbara Tosi, Frederico Oliveira-Pinto, Luís Veiga-Martins, Luis Manuel Navas-Gracia","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.20048.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.20048.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Open education recognition systems are transforming how skills and competencies are validated across formal, informal, and non-formal learning environments. This scoping review examines current practices in open recognition systems-including micro-credentials, digital badges, and open educational resources (OER) completion certificates and participation badges-with particular emphasis on their application and potential in climate education. Following systematic search strategies across eight databases, we analyzed 70 publications (2010-2024) comprising journal articles, book chapters, institutional reports, and conference proceedings to map existing evidence, identify key concepts, and uncover gaps in applying these systems to climate education. The analysis reveals that while these systems have significant potential to bridge academic learning with professional demands and environmental action, their impact is limited by persistent challenges: lack of definitional consistency and quality-assurance standards across institutions; significant technological barriers to credential portability and verification; and lack of awareness and trust from employers, undermining these credentials' currency in the labor market. Despite these challenges, notable findings include the growing importance of micro-credentials for validating climate adaptation skills, the value of open badges in recognizing interdisciplinary competencies essential for environmental action, and the need for integrated qualification frameworks that can accommodate both formal and informal learning pathways in sustainability education. This integration is critical for validating the interdisciplinary and action-oriented skills demanded by the green economy, often acquired through the non-formal and informal learning pathways characteristic of environmental action and advocacy. Our review concludes that a significant implementation and research gap exists between open recognition's potential and its application in climate education. Most notably, we find a near-complete absence of recognition frameworks for eco-pedagogical activities, perpetuating focus on technical knowledge over transformative, action-oriented learning. We recommend that future work prioritize creating robust, co-designed assessment models for these critical competencies to bridge the gap between education and meaningful climate action.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12355165/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144877175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening <i>Actinomycetes</i> extracts for antimicrobial compounds against methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and helper-compounds against aminoglycoside-resistant <i>E. coli</i>.","authors":"Dina Al Nahhas, Sandra Marina Wellner, Margherita Sosio, Sonia I Maffioli, Salvatore Pisanu, Sergio Uzzau, Daniela Pagnozzi, Stefano Donadio, John Elmerdahl Olsen","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.19988.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.19988.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Innovative antibiotic discovery strategies are urgently needed to successfully combat infections caused by multi-drug-resistant bacteria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We employed a direct screening approach to identify compounds with antimicrobial and antimicrobial helper-drug activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. We used this platform in two different strains of methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) and aminoglycoside-resistant strains of <i>Escherichia coli</i> to screen for antimicrobials compounds, which potentiate the activity of aminoglycoside antibiotics. Screening was performed with 75 known microbial products and 880 extracts from <i>Actinomycetes</i> from a collection at the company Naicons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The antibiotics rifamycin O and thermorubin inhibited the growth of neomycin-resistant <i>E. coli</i> in combination with 1/8 MIC of neomycin, suggesting a potential application as adjuvant drugs for neomycin. Additionally, in the <i>Actinomycetes</i> extract screen, one extract with antimicrobial activity and one extract with gentamicin adjuvant activity against gentamicin-resistant <i>E. coli</i> were identified, demonstrating the applicability of the screening approach. Against MRSA, the paramagnetoquinones, the lantibiotic NAI-107 and the spirotetronate NAI-414 showed the most pronounced antimicrobial activity. Difference is susceptibility towards antimicrobials and extracts were observed between the two MRSA strains used for screening.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compounds with antibacterial and helper drug activity were identified using our screening approach. The results demonstrate the importance of strain selection in antimicrobial screening and highlight the potential of natural products as a source of potential new antibacterial and adjuvant therapies against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12417992/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bodily abounds. Hilary Mantel's <i>The Mirror and the Light</i> as Cixousian 'feminine text'.","authors":"Ante Andabak","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.20790.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.20790.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the most critically acclaimed and successful examples of historical/political novels in this century, at least in the Anglophone world, is Hilary Mantel's towering Thomas Cromwell trilogy, made up of <i>Wolf Hall</i> (2009), <i>Bring Up the Bodies</i> (2012) and <i>The Mirror and the Light</i> (2020). Mantel took the period and place done to death, the Court of Henry VIII, and imbued it with a new life and striking immediacy thanks to her decision to tell the story through the perspective of a blacksmith's son from Putney, who became a Chief Minister, which in turn allowed the class aspect to take a centre stage in her writings on Tudors and held court where it usually rarely did. This paper, however, focuses on the way gender plays a role in this men-dominated world, where women notoriously fared extremely badly, but it will not do so by focusing directly on the dazzling female characters Mantel gives us with, among others, Anne Boleyn and Jane Rochford, or by merely pointing out Mantel's own gender. Rather, it can be argued that the rich vein of feminism resides in the indomitable style of novels. This will be done with the help of Hélène Cixous's seminal concept of <i>écriture féminine</i>, and especially the so-called <i>body words</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12444272/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145115045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>The Ladder</i> by Eugenia Kuznetsova: A queer reading of a wartime Ukrainian novel.","authors":"Eugenia Seleznova","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.20792.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.20792.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article offers a queer phenomenological, after Sara Ahmed, and \"queer world-making,\" after José Muñoz, reading of the novel <i>The Ladder</i> ( <i>Драбина</i>) by Ukrainian author Eugenia Kuznetsova. The article examines gendered dynamics in the novel, and draws attention to its queer moments and features: more specifically, \"competitive queer world-making\" where the protagonist and his family appear as minoritarian subjects; \"expanded space of the war\" and changing spatiotemporal gendered normativities of Ukrainian citizenship and nationhood mediated through the gadgets, and multiplicity of queer phenomenologist \"straight lines\" affecting the protagonist. The paper also argues for the necessity of employing further gender and queer perspectives in the analysis of wartime Ukrainian fiction literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12411837/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145016816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qualitative hypotheses.","authors":"Veli-Matti Karhulahti","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.19736.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.19736.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypotheses are not common in qualitative research. This can be largely attributed to many qualitative methods not being optimal or suitable for hypothesis-testing, and the epistemological curiosity in qualitative research often lacking interest in testing. Nonetheless, qualitative researchers, too, do often enter research projects with expectations, which are similar to hypotheses. These expectations can be useful to disclose and reflect on before a study is carried out. In this essay, I discuss qualitative hypotheses (QHs) as a means to disclose such expectations without testing them. In particular, QHs are presented as a tool that can be useful with recently proliferated reporting formats, such as a preregistration and registered reports, which involve a pre-analytic phase of written reflection.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12395124/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping leadership and communities in EU-funded research through network analysis.","authors":"Fabio Morea, Alberto Soraci, Domenico De Stefano","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.18544.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.18544.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe are flagship programs of the European Union aimed at supporting research and innovation, fostering collaboration among companies, academic institutions, and research organizations. Comprehensive data on projects, objectives, participants, funding details, and results of Horizon projects is available through the open access portal CORDIS (Community Research and Development Information Service). This paper introduces a novel methodology for utilizing CORDIS data to reveal collaborations, leadership roles, and their evolution over time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The methodology is based on network analysis. Data is downloaded from the CORDIS portal, enriched, segmented by year and transformed into weighted networks representing collaborations between organizations. Centrality measures are used to assess the influence of individual organizations, while community detection algorithms are used to identify stable collaborations. Temporal analysis tracks the evolution of these roles and communities over time. To ensure robust and reliable results, the methodology addresses challenges such as input-ordering bias and result variability, while the exploration of the solution space enhances the accuracy of identified collaboration patterns.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>To illustrate the approach, the methodology is applied to a specific case: analyse the evolution of collaborations in hydrogen valleys, in the broader frame of \"hydrogen energy\" research and innovation projects funded by Horizon programmes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proposed methodology effectively identifies influential organizations and tracks the stability of research collaborations. The insights gained are valuable for policy-makers and organizations seeking to foster innovation through sustained partnerships. This approach can be extended to other sectors, offering a framework for understanding the impact of EU research funding on collaboration and leadership dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"4 ","pages":"268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12421225/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145042396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}