Open research Europe最新文献

{"title":"Less is more. Exploring opportunities and challenges of digital crowdsourcing for political parties.","authors":"Francseco Nasi","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.22121.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.22121.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Political parties across liberal democracies face a persistent crisis of legitimacy, representation, and membership. In response, scholars and practitioners proposed a range of deliberative reforms aimed at making parties more internally democratic. Yet such innovations have proven difficult to implement due to structural features inherent to political parties, including hierarchical organization and electoral imperatives. Similarly, digital platforms promised to revolutionize internal democracy but largely disappointed expectations. This impasse highlights the need for lighter forms of democratic engagement that may better align with the operational realities of parties. Among these alternatives, digital crowdsourcing emerges as a possible path forward. Digital crowdsourcing refers to processes in which organizations use technology to tap into people's distributed knowledge, combining bottom-up input with top-down coordination to solve problems, carry out tasks, or generate ideas.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This theoretical paper develops an analytical framework tailored to the organizational and democratic specificities of political parties. I propose a typology of digital crowdsourcing for parties based on two dimensions (policy impact and power structure) yielding four forms: vertical, performative, expressive, and democratic crowdsourcing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thanks to this typology, I identify three core opportunities associated with the adoption of these tools: enhanced democratic participation, increased flexibility, and improved accessibility for members and supporters. Conversely, I outline three central challenges: tensions between inclusion and exclusion, risks of elite capture, and conflicts between competing sources of democratic legitimacy. Finally, I present a set of strategies for achieving a feasible democratic crowdsourcing in political parties.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Integrating digital democratic innovations into political parties (especially long-established ones) remains particularly challenging. However, lighter forms of participation, such as digital crowdsourcing, may be more feasible to implement.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"397"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12873537/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146144792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Teacher knowledge and teacher identity in mathematics education: An interdependent model.","authors":"José Carlos Piñero Charlo, María Del Carmen Canto López","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.21108.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.21108.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article proposes an integrative theoretical model that articulates the interdependence between teacher professional knowledge and identity in mathematics education. An integrative theoretical synthesis of national and international approaches, it distinguishes the professional profile-defined by observable competencies and knowledge-from identity, which is constructed in a situated, dynamic, and reflective manner. The study draws on the MTSK model, Wenger's theory of communities of practice, and the identity framework by Van Zoest and Bohl. It incorporates recent contributions on professional noticing, teacher beliefs, self-regulation, situational awareness, and context transfer. The resulting PIK model graphically represents this interdependence, offering a coherent framework for analyzing teacher education pathways, professional decisions, and classroom practices. Methodologically, this paper is positioned as an integrative theoretical synthesis: it follows a structured search and thematic analysis, yet it does not aim to provide an exhaustive mapping of all perspectives on teacher knowledge or identity. The corpus was delimited to peer-reviewed journal articles indexed in Scopus and Web of Science, published between 2015 and 2025, in English or Spanish. From a critical perspective, the article concludes that addressing identity and profile jointly enables the design of more relevant initial and continuing teacher education programs, as well as improvements in teacher evaluation and professional support systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13032108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147576878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying \"cities\" of the world: a methodological approach, lexicon, and database for urban administrative units.","authors":"Hiba Karam, Lalita Phatthanachaisuksiri, Vijay Palliyil, Meng Cai, Niklas Suhre, Eva Kassens-Noor","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.21078.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.21078.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since 2015, there has not been a comprehensive database of cities across the world. While debates about what defines a \"city\" remain open in urban science, we center our efforts toward developing a replicable and transparent methodology to construct a globally valid dataset of cities, agglomerations, capitals, municipalities, and urban centers. Such an endeavor is both timely and necessary given that comparative research, governmental collaborations, and cross-national comparisons among urban areas yield valuable knowledge about human settlements to inform climate resilience and sustainability planning. Our approach is bottom-up and anchored in accessibility. We begin with Wikipedia, a dynamic, crowd-sourced platform, and cross-check its entries with an expert database based on census data. When discrepancies arise, we turn to official governmental websites to confirm information. We integrate these three sources into a harmonized database that includes every urban settlement worldwide with at least 50,000 residents (7,468 in total). For China, Brazil, France, Japan, India, Pakistan, Somalia and North Korea we apply a higher inclusion threshold of 100,000. Each entry lists country and city names and is complemented by a terminology lexicon explaining how different nations define and classify cities. This approach enables us to not only catalogue urban settlements but also to make visible how cities are constructed and recognized within diverse global national governance frameworks.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13103649/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147791545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Policy and discursive shifts in China's economic diplomacy amid rising geopolitical tensions.","authors":"Gábor Szüdi, Frank Gaenssmantel, Carmen Amado Mendes, Philipp Brugner","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.23140.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.23140.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>China seems to have entered into a new global leadership phase of economic diplomacy where its actors increasingly resort to new resources, tools and strategies serving well-defined national interests, such as the Made in China 2025 initiative, the Dual Circulation Strategy (DCS) and the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). This has intensified the interrelated challenges to the EU's economic security, industrial competitiveness and strategic autonomy, contributing to increasing supply chain vulnerabilities and dependencies. This increased economic challenge resulted in more assertive multi-layered EU-level policy approach, characterized by the de-risking strategy with four complementary policy goals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used deductive coding of meticulously selected leadership speeches by Chinese top policymakers between 2013 and 2022 to assess whether this shift in EU-China economic diplomacy relations had an impact on the key narratives within the official Chinese high-level policy statements. The coding focuses on the significant and meaningful representation of the EU by China and vice versa, and on particular positive or negative descriptions of the EU by China and vice versa.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our main findings entail that, despite the more grounded EU approach towards China, no significant alterations are apparent in Chinese leadership discourse which remains at a pragmatic level focused on mutual benefits as long as economic engagement affairs are not interlinked with Chinese governance or territorial issues.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that China needs the EU as a reliable economic partner amid the growing geostrategic tensions towards the US or Japan, which provides the EU with a strategic room for manoeuvre towards open strategic autonomy. Such autonomy could be strengthened by re-negotiating core aspects of economic links with China, such as the relocation of more productive facilities of Chinese green technologies to Europe or pushing for a more open attitude from China towards European investments in critical economic sectors.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"6 ","pages":"109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13133616/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147824501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ERGA-BGE reference genome of the forest-restricted Cretan subspecies of Hanak's bat ( <i>Pipistrellus hanaki creticus</i>), an IUCN Vulnerable species.","authors":"Panagiotis Georgakakis, Danae Karakasi, Petros Lymberakis, Manolis Papadimitrakis, Manos Stratakis, Eleftherios Bitzilekis, Nikolaos Poulakakis, Astrid Böhne, Rita Monteiro, Rosa Fernández, Nuria Escudero, Alice Moussy, Corinne Cruaud, Karine Labadie, Lola Demirdjian, Sophie Mangenot, Caroline Belser, Patrick Wincker, Pedro H Oliveira, Jean-Marc Aury, Leanne Haggerty, Swati Sinha, Fergal Martin, Chiara Bortoluzzi","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.20937.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.20937.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hanak's bat ( <i>Pipistrellus hanaki</i> Hulva and Benda 2004) is one of the most range restricted mammals in Europe, since it occurs only in Cyrenaica, Libya, and Crete (Greece). It is currently classified as 'Vulnerable' on the IUCN Red List, with its foraging habitat threatened by a number of human activities. The reference genome of the Cretan subspecies ( <i>Pipistrellus hanaki creticus</i>) will provide a crucial resource for uncovering the species phylogenetic history and will help assess the degree of genetic isolation among the species populations. A total of 23 contiguous chromosomal pseudomolecules (sex chromosomes included) were assembled from the genome sequence. This chromosome-level assembly encompasses 1.9 Gb, composed of 447 contigs and 141 scaffolds, with contig and scaffold N50 values of 48.7 Mb and 89.1 Mb, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12631070/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145589722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging digital solutions to address gender inequalities in EU agriculture: a CODECS framework application.","authors":"Barbra Comfort Akello, Gianluca Brunori","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.21445.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.21445.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite longstanding EU commitments to gender equality, structural disparities continue to restrict women's participation and leadership in agriculture and rural development. Digitalisation is increasingly promoted as a catalyst for addressing these inequalities. However, there is a limited holistic understanding of the conditions under which digital innovations can foster inclusive and sustainable outcomes. A key barrier is the absence of integrative frameworks that can systematically categorise the multifaceted evidence emerging from digital transitions. This limitation hampers both the comparability of findings and their practical relevance for policymaking. To address this, the study employs the CODECS conceptual framework to evaluate how digitalisation intersects with gender inequality in EU agriculture.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Drawing on peer-reviewed literature, policy analyses, technical reports and insights from CODECS Living Labs, the study explores dynamics across the three levels of business process digitisation, ecosystem-wide digitalisation, and broader socio-ecological systems transformations. Results The analysis shows key persistent gaps, including gender-biased technology design, socio-cultural norms, low digital confidence, financial exclusion, and data disempowerment. However, it also identifies opportunities, particularly when digital tools are designed with context-awareness and co-created through participatory approaches. Living Labs demonstrate how innovations such as accessible advisory services, digital marketplaces, and moderated learning platforms can empower rural women by increasing their visibility, agency, and access to resources.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Digital technologies alone cannot overcome entrenched inequalities. Promoting equity requires complementary reforms in governance, institutional structures, and data accountability. The CODECS framework provides a structured lens for understanding and addressing gendered dynamics in agricultural digitalisation, offering practical insights for inclusive innovation and evidence-based policymaking in Europe.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13146467/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147847198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bodily Abounds. Hilary Mantel's <i>The Mirror and the Light</i> as Cixousian \"Feminine Text.","authors":"Ante Andabak","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.20790.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.20790.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the most critically acclaimed and successful examples of historical/political novels in this century, at least in the Anglophone world, is Hilary Mantel's towering Thomas Cromwell trilogy, made up of <i>Wolf Hall</i> (2009), <i>Bring Up the Bodies</i> (2012) and <i>The Mirror and the Light</i> (2020). Mantel took the period and place done to death, the Court of Henry VIII, and imbued it with a new life and striking immediacy thanks to her decision to tell the story through the perspective of a blacksmith's son from Putney, who became a Chief Minister, which in turn allowed the class aspect to take a centre stage in her writings on Tudors and held court where it usually rarely did. This paper, however, focuses on the way gender plays a role in this men-dominated world, where women notoriously fared extremely badly, but it will not do so by focusing directly on the dazzling female characters Mantel gives us, with, among others, Anne Boleyn and Jane Rochford, or by merely pointing out Mantel's own gender. Rather, it can be argued that the rich vein of feminism resides in the indomitable style of novels. This will be done with the help of Hélène Cixous's seminal concept of <i>écriture féminine</i>, and especially the so-called <i>body words.</i></p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12444272/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145115045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing digital health literacy in cancer care: Recommendations from two nominal group technique workshops in the TRANSiTION project.","authors":"David Liñares, Noemí López-Rey, Andreas Charalambous, Constantina Cloconi, Dimitrios Protogiros, Efthyvoulos Kyriacou, Iolie Nicolaidou, Nikolina Dodlek, Theologia Tsitsi, Álvaro Jimber, Norbert Couespel, Ana Clavería","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.21439.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.21439.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cancer is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in Europe, with increasing focus on integrating digital health tools to ensure safe, patient-centred, and equitable oncology care. However, gaps in digital health literacy among healthcare professionals limit the effective use of these innovations. In response to these challenges, the TRANSiTION project was launched to develop a comprehensive training framework in digital health literacy for the oncology workforce. Within this framework, the present study aimed to identify and prioritise the digital health literacy training needs of clinical and non-clinical cancer care professionals across Europe.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This qualitative study used the Nominal Group Technique (NGT) within two user experience (UX) design workshops. A total of 44 professionals participated, purposively sampled to capture diverse expertise in oncology and digital health. The first workshop (n = 34) was composed predominantly of non-clinical professionals, while the second (n = 10) involved mainly clinical professionals directly engaged in cancer care. Recommendations generated during the workshops were analysed descriptively and thematically to identify and prioritise training needs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across both workshops, five shared priorities were highlighted: (1) ethics, particularly data protection, trust, and responsible use of digital tools; (2) integration of telemedicine to empower patients, provided it fosters safety and confidence; (3) development of user-friendly, accessible, and adaptable training interfaces; (4) addressing the digital divide, especially for rural populations, older adults, and low-resource regions; and (5) continuous training for cancer professionals, with formal recognition of digital skills as core competencies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identified actionable priorities to guide the development of a digital health literacy training framework for oncology professionals. Embedding ethics, usability, equity, and continuous training into professional development can strengthen workforce readiness, enhance patient empowerment, and improve outcomes across Europe. These findings provide a foundation for the TRANSiTION framework and for future strategies to integrate digital health literacy into cancer care.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"6 ","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13133620/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147824504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serious game in developing emotional competence: An evaluation report.","authors":"Maria Cassar, Daren Chircop, Roderick Bugeja","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.21634.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.21634.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The importance of the development of emotional competence amongst health care professionals is widely emphasised in the literature. The use of serious games in this regard is to-date in its infancy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This paper reports a evaluation exercise which was carried out to evaluate the development and application of a Serious Game as an educational resource amongst nursing students. The educational purpose of the game was to enable and support the development of emotional competence amongst nursing students. Undergraduate nursing students were invited to play the game and to participate in two focus group discussions which sought to evaluate the game as an educational tool. Eight nursing students participated in the evaluation exercise. Students' experience and feedback were collected via two audio-recorded, transcribed focus group discussions lasting about an hour, with participant consent. Guided by Braun and Clarke's guiding steps for data analysis, entailed the thematic analysis of the transcribed focus group discussions was carried out by the authors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three themes were derived from the data analysis; Perceived motivation for participation, Positive aspects of the workshop using Serious Game, and Future Initiatives.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The use of serious games as an educational tool for developing emotional competence holds potential which merits further study and investigation. Targeting educators and game designers, the findings of the evaluation exercise are discussed and recommendations for future similar initiatives are shared in view of contributing to the development of similar educational initiatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"354"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13070205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147679220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview of the ESCAPE Dark Matter Test Science Project for astronomers.","authors":"James Pearson, Hugh Dickinson, Sukanya Sinha, Stephen Serjeant","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.21610.3","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.21610.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The search for dark matter has been ongoing for decades within both astrophysics and particle physics. Both fields have employed different approaches and conceived a variety of methods for constraining the properties of dark matter, but have done so in relative isolation of one another. From an astronomer's perspective, it can be challenging to interpret the results of dark matter particle physics experiments and how these results apply to astrophysical scales. Over the past few years, the ESCAPE Dark Matter Test Science Project has been developing tools to aid the particle physics community in constraining dark matter properties; however, ESCAPE itself also aims to foster collaborations between research disciplines. This is especially important in the search for dark matter, as while particle physics is concerned with detecting the particles themselves, all of the evidence for its existence lies solely within astrophysics and cosmology. Here, we present a short review of the progress made by the Dark Matter Test Science Project and their applications to existing experiments, with a view towards how this project can foster complementarity with astrophysical observations.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12775671/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145936662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}