Mediastinum (Hong Kong, China)最新文献

{"title":"Stage IVa thymoma: optimizing surgical management according to anatomical boundaries of the pleural space.","authors":"Laurens J Ceulemans, Margherita Brivio, Lori M Van Roozendaal, Paolo Mendogni, Paul Clement, Lorenzo Rosso, Filippo Lococo","doi":"10.21037/med-2026-0031","DOIUrl":"10.21037/med-2026-0031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74139,"journal":{"name":"Mediastinum (Hong Kong, China)","volume":"10 ","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13589317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149009531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invasive thymoma with rapid response to cisplatin, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (PAC) chemotherapy, after an early postoperative recurrence-a case report.","authors":"Chika Harada, Kentaro Kitano, Hiroki Umezawa, Chiyoko Kono, Hiroki Tanaka, Rie Ohtomo","doi":"10.21037/med-2026-0024","DOIUrl":"10.21037/med-2026-0024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Thymomas generally exhibit indolent growth and local progression, with extrathoracic metastases being rare. Recurrence typically occurs months or years after surgical resection. We herein present a rare case of thymoma exhibiting rapid postoperative recurrence and abdominal lymph node metastasis, which showed a dramatic response to chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>A 66-year-old female was referred to our hospital for breast cancer treatment. A preoperative computed tomography (CT) scan coincidentally revealed a 7.5 cm anterior mediastinal tumor, suspected to be invading the pericardium and left lung. Extended thymothymectomy with partial resection of the left lung and pericardium was performed. Intraoperatively, no pleural dissemination was observed, and pleural effusion cytology was negative for malignant cells. The pathology was Type AB thymoma, Masaoka stage III [tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) 8th edition: pT3N0M0, Stage IIIA; TNM 9th edition: pT2N0M0, Stage II], with microscopically positive (R1) margins; thus, postoperative radiotherapy was planned. On postoperative day (POD) 18, she presented with dyspnea and massive left pleural effusion; after repeated thoracocentesis, the effusion recurred, and the patient was readmitted for continuous drainage. On POD 43, a CT scan showed a massive lesion along the left thoracic wall adjacent to the pericardium, with multiple small nodes in the left lung and two enlarged left gastric lymph nodes. A CT-guided needle biopsy of the thoracic wall performed on POD 47 confirmed recurrent thymoma. The patient received chemotherapy with cisplatin, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide (PAC), with biochemical evidence of rapid tumor lysis that did not meet formal tumor lysis syndrome criteria. Chest X-ray on day 3 of chemotherapy showed near-complete resolution of the thoracic lesions, and a complete response, including normalization of the abdominal lymph nodes, was achieved after four courses of PAC. Serial follow-up imaging has shown no evidence of recurrence for at least 18 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case illustrates the diagnostic complexity of thymoma, including atypical radiological and pathological features together with an unusually aggressive early recurrence. Incomplete resection can lead to early recurrence and progression, and clinicians must remain vigilant for such atypical courses. The tumor nonetheless proved highly sensitive to chemotherapy, underscoring the importance of prompt systemic treatment intervention when recurrence occurs.</p>","PeriodicalId":74139,"journal":{"name":"Mediastinum (Hong Kong, China)","volume":"10 ","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13589322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149009496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foregut mediastinal cysts: a narrative review.","authors":"S Michael Goertzen, Joshua M Boster, Patricia M de Groot, Stephen F Kralik, Neda Kalhor, Carlos A Jimenez","doi":"10.21037/med-2025-1-59","DOIUrl":"10.21037/med-2025-1-59","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Foregut mediastinal cysts are rare congenital anomalies arising from aberrant embryonic foregut development, with an estimated incidence of 1 in 42,000 to 1 in 100,000. These benign lesions, including bronchogenic, esophageal duplication, and neurenteric cysts, account for 12-20% of mediastinal masses. They may remain asymptomatic or cause respiratory, gastrointestinal, or neurological symptoms due to compression or complications like infection. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of their embryogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic strategies, treatment options, and prognosis to guide clinical decision-making.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A review of the current literature was conducted with a focus on the embryologic origins, histopathologic classification, imaging characteristics, and treatment outcomes of foregut cysts. This narrative review addressed studies describing bronchogenic, esophageal duplication, and neurenteric cysts, with emphasis on diagnostic modalities and management strategies encompassing surgical resection and observation.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>Bronchogenic cysts, the most common subtype (50-60%), typically occur near the carina, while esophageal duplication and neurenteric cysts are often posterior. Imaging, particularly computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is critical for diagnosis, though histologic confirmation post-resection remains the gold standard. Symptomatic or complicated cysts warrant surgical resection, preferably via minimally invasive techniques like video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) or robotic-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (RATS), which offer reduced morbidity. Complete resection yields excellent prognosis, with low recurrence rates, while incomplete resection increases recurrence risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Foregut mediastinal cysts require precise diagnosis and tailored management. Minimally invasive surgery is the cornerstone for symptomatic or ambiguous cases, ensuring favorable outcomes. Future research should focus on refining imaging techniques and standardizing management protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":74139,"journal":{"name":"Mediastinum (Hong Kong, China)","volume":"10 ","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13589323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149009484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small biopsy diagnosis of anterior mediastinal masses: histologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular considerations.","authors":"Jennifer Lee, Jerry Wong, Karin Miller, Alberto M Marchevsky","doi":"10.21037/med-2026-1-0009","DOIUrl":"10.21037/med-2026-1-0009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anterior mediastinal masses often present a diagnostic challenge, as a variety of lesions can develop in this location. A variety of minimally invasive techniques are currently used to evaluate these lesions, including fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy, core needle biopsy (CNB), and endobronchial ultrasound-guided sampling. Thymic epithelial tumors (TET), mediastinal lymphomas, neuroendocrine tumors (NET) and germ cell tumors are the most common lesions found in the anterior mediastinum. They can be difficult to diagnose using minimally invasive techniques as they can exhibit morphological heterogeneity, overlapping histopathologic and cytologic features, and sampling limitations. Review literature and personal experience to evaluate the diagnostic role of minimally invasive biopsy techniques for anterior mediastinal masses, with emphasis on FNA, CNB, and endobronchial ultrasound-based approaches. Practical considerations related to specimen triage and the use of immunohistochemistry (IHC) and molecular assays are discussed. CNB and endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)-mediastinal cryobiopsy frequently provide sufficient materials when combined with rigorous specimen triage, robust IHC, and molecular assays for the diagnosis of most TET, NET, germ cell tumors and selected lymphomas and often provide higher sensitivity and specificity than FNA. Minimally invasive biopsy techniques play a central role in the evaluation of anterior mediastinal masses. Optimal diagnostic accuracy depends on appropriate biopsy selection, adequate tissue sampling, and the integration of ancillary studies to support accurate classification and clinical decision making. This review briefly summarizes for pathologists, thoracic surgeons and oncologists the histologic, immunohistochemical and molecular considerations of the most frequent anterior mediastinal lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":74139,"journal":{"name":"Mediastinum (Hong Kong, China)","volume":"10 ","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13346030/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolving paradigms in thymoma surgery and multidisciplinary care: a narrative review.","authors":"Maya Abdelhemid, Hosny Mohsen, Amgad Ishak, Shon Shmushkevich, David Shenouda, Akshay Kumar, Magdy M El-Sayed Ahmed, Mohamed Rahouma","doi":"10.21037/med-2025-1-68","DOIUrl":"10.21037/med-2025-1-68","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background and objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs)-including thymomas and thymic carcinomas-are rare anterior mediastinal malignancies characterized by variable biology, frequent paraneoplastic syndromes, and high recurrence potential. Recent advances in pathologic classification, staging systems, imaging, surgical techniques, and systemic therapies have led to significant changes in clinical management. Complete R0 surgical resection remains the cornerstone of curative treatment; however, the increasing adoption of minimally invasive approaches, refinement of multimodal therapy for advanced disease, and emerging molecular profiling are reshaping contemporary clinical practice. This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of evolving surgical approaches and multidisciplinary management strategies for thymoma, highlighting recent advances and clinical challenges.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This review synthesizes literature published from 2010 to 2025 on the management of thymoma. Key areas assessed include updates to World Health Organization (WHO) histopathologic classification and Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) staging; diagnostic strategies and imaging modalities; comparisons of open, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), and robotic-assisted surgical techniques; multimodal therapy, including neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy; management of recurrent and metastatic disease; and evolving molecular and immunologic treatment approaches. Evidence from international databases and institutional outcomes was incorporated to evaluate the role of multidisciplinary management and treatment at high-volume centers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key content and findings: &lt;/strong&gt;Modern thymoma management has shifted toward more individualized, multidisciplinary decision-making. Minimally invasive surgery, particularly robotic-assisted thoracic surgery, provides safe and oncologically equivalent outcomes for early-stage tumors with reduced perioperative morbidity. For locally advanced or initially unresectable disease, neoadjuvant chemotherapy increases the likelihood of achieving R0 resection, while adjuvant radiotherapy improves local control in high-risk cases. Recurrent disease, often detected years after initial treatment, benefits most from repeat surgical resection when feasible. Molecular profiling has identified potential genomic alterations in selected subtypes, supporting the use of targeted agents and, more cautiously, immunotherapy, although thymoma's autoimmune biology increases the risk of severe immune-related toxicities. Across studies, treatment at specialized, high-volume centers consistently correlates with better outcomes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Evolving surgical techniques, improved staging systems, and expanding systemic therapies have transformed the management of thymoma into a highly individualized, multimodal discipline. While complete resection remains centr","PeriodicalId":74139,"journal":{"name":"Mediastinum (Hong Kong, China)","volume":"10 ","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13346012/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148427155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of robotic-assisted mediastinal surgery in the pediatric population.","authors":"John F Shepherd, Caroline W Maloney, Paul L Linsky","doi":"10.21037/med-2025-1-71","DOIUrl":"10.21037/med-2025-1-71","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advances in minimally invasive surgical techniques have greatly decreased the morbidity associated with large open thoracic operations. Robotic-assisted thoracic surgery is at the forefront of minimally invasive techniques and has been rapidly adopted in the adult population. However, the integration of robotic surgery in the pediatric population has been slower. Mediastinal resections are particularly well suited for a robotic approach as it offers precise motor control and dexterity within a confined space. The objective of this study is to clarify the feasibility and safety of a robotic approach to pediatric mediastinal pathology. We queried the online databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase to identify studies and case reports regarding robotic-assisted mediastinal surgery in the pediatric population, defined as patients less than 18 years old. A total of 12 studies and case reports were utilized to synthesize a review of robotic-assisted mediastinal surgery in the pediatric population. While the available literature regarding the topic of pediatric robotic-assisted mediastinal surgery is sparse, the studies and case reports that do exist suggest that robotic-assisted mediastinal surgery within this population is both feasible and safe. The available literature identified in this review demonstrates low complication rates and low rates of conversion to open surgery speaking to the safety and feasibility of this approach. This review also suggests that a robotic approach offers superior flexibility, improved visualization, improved ergonomics and better alignment of hand motion when compared to traditional video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS).</p>","PeriodicalId":74139,"journal":{"name":"Mediastinum (Hong Kong, China)","volume":"10 ","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13346029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148427046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryoablation as a downsizing strategy enabling R0 resection in a giant mediastinal desmoid tumor: a case report.","authors":"Ibtissem Ben Bayer, Ana Maria Santos Portela, Dana Mihaela Radu, Arthur Petit, Olivier Seror, Marine Peretti, Antoine Martin, Kader Chouahnia, Emmanuel Martinod, Ilaria Onorati","doi":"10.21037/med-2026-1-0004","DOIUrl":"10.21037/med-2026-1-0004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endothoracic desmoid tumors are rare, locally aggressive soft-tissue neoplasms whose intrathoracic location often precludes safe surgical resection. The historical paradigm of upfront radical surgery has shifted toward a more conservative and stepwise approach, prioritizing active surveillance and non-surgical treatments whenever feasible. Surgical resection is now typically reserved for selected cases. Percutaneous cryoablation (PCA) has emerged as a promising minimally invasive treatment and valid therapeutic alternative for selected patients, although its role as a tumor downsizing strategy remains poorly defined.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>We report the case of a 64-year-old woman presenting with a giant anterior mediastinal desmoid tumor causing progressive respiratory symptoms and pain. Initial systemic therapies were associated with disease progression, and despite second-line treatment, tumor control was not achieved, leading to surgical contraindication. Within the framework of the prospective CRYODESMO-O1 trial, the multidisciplinary team proposed PCA, resulting in a significant reduction in tumor size and improved anatomical relationships. This evolution allowed reconsideration of surgical resection, which was subsequently performed via a left sternothoracotomy approach. Final pathological examination demonstrated less than 10% residual desmoid tissue with complete (R0) resection. At the last follow-up at 8 months after surgery the patient was well and without recurrence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this case, cryoablation was associated with marked tumor downsizing and a major pathological response, facilitating reconsideration of surgical resection in a tumor initially deemed unresectable. This approach may represent a potential component of multimodal management in carefully selected patients, although further evidence is needed to confirm its role.</p>","PeriodicalId":74139,"journal":{"name":"Mediastinum (Hong Kong, China)","volume":"10 ","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13346003/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148427187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic therapy for advanced thymic epithelial tumors: a narrative review of current evidence and perspectives.","authors":"Mari Tone, Takayuki Shiroyama","doi":"10.21037/med-2025-1-77","DOIUrl":"10.21037/med-2025-1-77","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs), including thymoma and thymic carcinoma, are rare tumors. Although systemic therapy is commonly used for unresectable advanced or recurrent TETs, establishing robust evidence remains challenging. This narrative review summarizes current evidence and incorporates the latest clinical trial data, reporting outcomes separately for thymoma and thymic carcinoma whenever possible. We also highlight practical considerations relevant to clinical practice, including dosing strategies and toxicity management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched PubMed and Google Scholar for prospective and retrospective original studies, meta-analyses, review articles, and case studies published up to November 2025 using terms including \"thymoma\", \"thymic carcinoma\", \"thymic cancer\", \"thymic tumors\", \"thymic epithelial tumors\", \"chemotherapy\", \"systemic treatment\", \"immunotherapy\", and \"targeted therapy\". Ongoing trials were identified via ClinicalTrials.gov and the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials. Retrospective studies enrolling fewer than 15 participants were excluded.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>Systemic therapy for advanced TETs continues to include cytotoxic chemotherapy as a major component. In selected settings, particularly in thymic carcinoma, targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) represent additional active options. Emerging trials suggest that combination strategies may enhance efficacy. Novel drugs, including bispecific antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates, are being evaluated in ongoing phase II trials.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite the rarity of TETs, systemic treatment options have gradually expanded through the accumulation of evidence from small phase II studies. Future advances will require collaborative prospective trials to validate predictive biomarkers and support biomarker-enriched trial designs.</p>","PeriodicalId":74139,"journal":{"name":"Mediastinum (Hong Kong, China)","volume":"10 ","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13346011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thymolipoma and lipofibroadenoma, two sides of the same coin?","authors":"Michael den Bakker, Malgorzata Szolkowska","doi":"10.21037/med-2026-1-0005","DOIUrl":"10.21037/med-2026-1-0005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74139,"journal":{"name":"Mediastinum (Hong Kong, China)","volume":"10 ","pages":"32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13346004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148427024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preoperative and anesthetic management of high-risk cardiovascular complications of mediastinal masses: a narrative review.","authors":"Keith Nishihara, Nikitha Reddy, Kevin S Tang","doi":"10.21037/med-2025-1-66","DOIUrl":"10.21037/med-2025-1-66","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>The mediastinum is a complex anatomical region that includes the heart, aorta, superior vena cava, trachea, and mainstem bronchi. Mediastinal masses, while relatively uncommon, can cause life-threatening cardiovascular symptoms from mass effect, including cardiac tamponade, superior vena cava syndrome, mediastinal mass syndrome, and right ventricular outflow tract obstruction, requiring prompt identification and management. Currently, there are no guidelines that discuss the optimal management of these cardiovascular complications, and our review aims to address this.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A database search in PubMed was conducted from September 2025 to November 2025, including articles related to mediastinal masses and the various cardiovascular complications that can arise. Selected articles were compiled and reviewed to help compose this review.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>This review aims to outline the incidence and etiology of different mediastinal masses, review the presentation and diagnostic workup, highlight key life-threatening syndromes related to mass effect, and discuss definitive management of these lesions. Given the complexity of the mediastinum and potential for several life-threatening complications without appropriate identification, timely diagnosis is needed to guide management.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A multidisciplinary approach is crucial in the stabilization and management of these patients with mediastinal masses and should be considered the standard of care in all patients. This review aims to summarize current literature for the management of cardiovascular complications related to mediastinal masses.</p>","PeriodicalId":74139,"journal":{"name":"Mediastinum (Hong Kong, China)","volume":"10 ","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13346010/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}