Journal of hazardous materials advances最新文献

{"title":"Enhanced solar-assisted degradation of Sunset Yellow dye using plant-mediated Ag-TiO2/Na-BNT nanocomposite: Synthesis, characterization, and performance optimization","authors":"Afeez T. Gbajabiamila ,&nbsp;Elias E. Elemike ,&nbsp;Bamidele H. Akpeji ,&nbsp;Hamzah A. Bawa ,&nbsp;Ismail Hossain ,&nbsp;Charles Pere ,&nbsp;Ozioma J. Anekwe-Nwekeaku","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100682","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100682","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The research develops an innovative wastewater treatment method through silver-titania nanocomposite synthesis using sodium-functionalized bentonite (Ag-TiO₂/Na-BNT). The nanocomposite functions to achieve more effective solar-powered removal of Sunset Yellow dye which appears as a common industrial discharge contaminant. The Ag-TiO₂/Na-BNT nanocomposite was synthesized by hydrothermal methods followed by assessment using conventional analysis methods together with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), UV–Vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray (SEM/EDX) and Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy. These analyses showed Ag/TiO2 nanoparticles were adequately bonded to Na-BNT at uniform distribution thereby guaranteeing effective photocatalytic performance. The degradation capabilities of solar light-assisted nanocomposites were evaluated through Sunset Yellow dye as the target substance in tests. The research findings showed Ag-TiO₂/Na-BNT achieved enhanced degradation efficiency when exposed to solar light. Researchers investigated solar degradation conditions through experimental tests which evaluated various parameter settings including the pH of solutions and dye starting levels and TiO₂ amounts and H₂O₂ addition amounts. The combination of radical initiators increased the photodegradation efficiency of Ag-TiO₂/Na-BNT. Multiple performance-enhancing characteristics including greater degradation performance and improved solar utilization as well as optimized charge carrier separation enabled high performance. The removal of Sunset Yellow reached its peak at 98 % with nanocomposite usage only but surged to 99.9 % with the addition of hydrogen peroxide under conditions using 0.1 g catalyst loading at pH 3.0 and initial concentration of 10 mg/L while employing 0.1 M of 30 % H₂O₂. Researchers studied the multiple aspects of degradation time throughout their study. The Langmuir-Hinshelwood isotherm successfully defined the equilibrium values with R₂ = 0.9851 and the pseudo-first-order kinetic model best delineated the degradation reaction through R₂ = 0.9596. The discovered information reveals crucial information about how reactions proceed along with what factors influence degradation rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100682"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable application of ferrochrome slag as green aggregate material for novel application in concrete - A review","authors":"Yaqoob Al Hindasi ,&nbsp;Nor Hasanah Abdul Shukor Lim ,&nbsp;Natarajan Rajamohan","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100681","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100681","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effective utilization of industrial waste as precursors and aggregates in concrete makes it more sustainable and eco-friendlier. This also reduces the disposal problems, as it would otherwise create contamination and pollution. Several popular industrial wastes were successfully utilized as concreting materials and the most significant one among them is ferrochrome lag. This ferrochrome slag is the by-product during the manufacturing of ferrochrome alloy that contains chromium content which would be potentially harmful to the environment. On the other hand, ferrochrome slag comprises excellent physical and mechanical compatibilities that could certainly be adopted as a coarse aggregate in concrete. This paper critically reviews the literature that adopted the ferrochrome slag as a green concrete material without compromising the technical properties of the concrete. The addition of ferrochrome slag in concrete produced both favorable and adverse effects on various properties of concrete, like mechanical, durability, and microstructural aspects, which were explored in detail in this paper. Based on the scrupulous review of the literature, significant research areas where additional focus is required were summarized which would provide a greater scope for future researchers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100681"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-dimensional imide-based covalent organic frameworks for cationic dye adsorption: Synthesis, characterization, isotherm, kinetics, and thermodynamic analysis","authors":"Jamal Rahimi,&nbsp;Mohammad Tajik Ijdani,&nbsp;Hadis Abbasi,&nbsp;Mohammad Mehdi Salehi,&nbsp;Ali Maleki","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100680","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100680","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study reports the construction of imide-based covalent organic frameworks (BPM-COFs) from benzene 1,3,5-tricarbohydrazide (BTCH) and pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) using one-step approaches, resulting in solvent stability and acidity and alkalinity resistance. Multiple analytical techniques, including FT-IR, XRD, SEM, BET, AFM, and HRTEM, were employed to ascertain the successful synthesis of BPM-COF adsorbent. The BET surface areas of BPM-COF adsorbent measuring were performed at 11 m².g⁻¹. Adsorption capacity at optimal conditions (pH = 8, 0.005 g of adsorbent, 6 min of agitation, 120 mg. l^-1 pollutants concentration) is achieved to 192.54 mg.g^-1 and removal efficiency is 80.22 %. The experimental adsorption data fitted well with Langmuir's nonlinear isotherm model. The adsorption kinetic data were closely related to the Weber-Morris intraparticle diffusion nonlinear model (R² = 1.00). In addition to its excellent recyclability, BPM-COF adsorbent shows a 73.01 % removal rate after three cyclic desorption-adsorption cycles. A decrease in entropy seemed to favour spontaneity and an exothermic adsorption process, which were indicated by Gibbs free energy (<em>ΔG°</em>), enthalpy (<em>ΔH°</em>), and entropy (<em>ΔS°</em>)<em>.</em> The SEM analysis of BPM-COF after RhB adsorption revealed the presence of spherical particles on the surface of BPM-COF nanorods, indicating that RhB was adsorbed on the surface of BPM-COF adsorbents via hydrogen bonds, electrostatic interactions, and van der Waals interactions. Since BPM-COF exhibits excellent performance, is easy to synthesize, and is reusable, it is an ideal material for future studies in small- and large-scale water treatment projects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100680"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143579275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of ecological safety and economic efficiency of biosorption technology for soil protection after hostilities","authors":"Polina Skvortsova ,&nbsp;Iryna Ablieieva ,&nbsp;Anton Boiko ,&nbsp;Yelizaveta Chernysh ,&nbsp;Yevhen Bataltsev ,&nbsp;Kristina Kuzomenska ,&nbsp;Hynek Roubík","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100677","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100677","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The problem of chemical soil pollution after military actions on the territory of Ukraine is becoming quite urgent in terms of ecological risks. The aim of the article was to establish the level of ecological safety of soils after the application of biosorption technology and to substantiate its ecological and economic feasibility. Within the scope of the study, three scenarios were set to evaluate the level of ecological risk under the condition of actual complex contamination of soils with five heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Cd) – Scenario 1 and in the case of biosorption technology application for soil protection – Scenarios 2 and 3. Scenarios 2 and 3 differed in the type of substrate for anaerobic digestion (chicken manure and sewage sludge, respectively) compatible with phosphogypsum to obtain a biocomposite. Innovative approach for ecological risk assessment was improved based on the Bayes’ theorem and developed set of qualitative and quantitative parameters. Based on the theoretical substantiation of the complex formation indicator and the fluorescent properties of digestate organic matter, the efficiency of heavy metal immobilisation in the soil was evaluated, which contributed to the reduction of ecological risk from moderate to low level for both scenarios. The results of the risk assessment based on Bayes’ theorem showed a decrease in the level of risk from high to medium. Ecological and economic efficiency was assessed according to methodology of ecological damage after hostilities. The economically effective technology developed can be recommended for the comprehensive soil restoration scheme due to the obtained results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100677"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthropogenic litter pollution in the mangrove blue carbon ecosystem: Unveiling the spatial distribution, composition, source delineation and mitigation measures along the Goa coast, India","authors":"Nandan Das ,&nbsp;Kalyan De ,&nbsp;Amrita Sen ,&nbsp;Bibekananda Maiti","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100679","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plastic litter pollution has emerged as a critical environmental issue globally, and coastal habitats are particularly vulnerable to its detrimental effects. The west coast of India, renowned for its rich biodiversity and vibrant ecosystems, is facing escalating challenges due to the increasing prevalence of mismanaged plastic litter. However, the scale of plastic accumulation in the coastal environment in this region remains largely unknown due to limited research. This study aims to comprehensively assess the extent, sources, and impacts of plastic litter in coastal mangroves, an important blue carbon habitat, along the Goa coast, and propose effective mitigation strategies. Our findings reveal alarming levels of plastic litter in the study areas. The mean concentration of trapped litter was estimated at 5.14 ± 0.55 items/m² (ranged 3.3 - 12 items/m²). Overall, plastic was the most significant litter type, contributing to 66 % of the total litter accumulation. Source identification analysis suggests that 89 % of the litter in the mangrove originated from local land-based sources. Common plastic items identified include plastic fragments, single-use plastic items and fishing gear. Four indices—Clean Coast Index (CCI), General Index (GI), Hazardous Items Index (HII), and Clean Environment Index (CEI)—were used to evaluate environmental and health risks of the mangrove habitats. Mangrove pneumatophores and branches were observed to be impaired by entangled plastic. Additionally, trapped plastic may pose a serious risk to mangrove biodiversity, disrupt the ecological balance, and impact human health through the food chain. The study recommends sustainable mitigation strategies, including policy reforms, community engagement, and educational initiatives, to address plastic pollution in important blue-carbon ecosystems like mangroves. By adopting a multidisciplinary approach, present study contributes valuable insights and actionable recommendations to safeguard the coastal ecosystems, preserve biodiversity, and ensure sustainable development in the region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100679"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143632177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of current trends, challenges, and future perspectives in machine learning applications to water resources in Nepal","authors":"Shishir Chaulagain ,&nbsp;Manoj Lamichhane ,&nbsp;Urusha Chaulagain","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100678","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100678","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nepal faces frequent hazards like floods, droughts, sedimentation, glacial melting, and landslides that threaten lives and infrastructure, making effective risk assessment and sustainable management essential. Recently machine learning (ML) approaches have gained popularity worldwide in the water resources sector as it can capture complex relationship between predictors and predictand variables. We reviewed 34 papers published from 2010 to 2025 to identify the current status, challenges and future perspectives in the applications of ML in flood forecasting, streamflow prediction, water quality assessment, groundwater mapping, and landslide susceptibility. The review indicates that the application of ML in water resources in Nepal is on increasing trends. Our study shows that both classical ML and deep learning models consistently achieve higher accuracy than traditional empirical and processed based models. In addition, deep learning and hybrid models outperformed classical ML models in solving water resources problems. Key challenges include sparse observed data, limited computational resources, and insufficient local expertise to train and validate the ML models. Future research should focus on hybrid models and transfer learning to further enhance prediction accuracy and support sustainable water management in Nepal. By providing insights into the current status and future opportunities of ML applications in water resources, this study serves as a valuable resource for novice researchers and practitioners aiming to contribute to this evolving field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100678"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the impact of different scales on COVID-19 monitoring in sewerage catchment areas: Insights from Latvia","authors":"Brigita Dejus ,&nbsp;Dita Gudra ,&nbsp;Sandis Dejus ,&nbsp;Roberts Ozols ,&nbsp;Juris Laicans ,&nbsp;Martins Strods ,&nbsp;Davids Fridmanis ,&nbsp;Maija Ustinova ,&nbsp;Ance Roga ,&nbsp;Janis Grabis ,&nbsp;Vineta Minkevica ,&nbsp;Talis Juhna","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100676","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100676","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The spread and transmission of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, have become a significant global concern. As the SARS-CoV-2 virus can be released into the environment through various human excretions, it provides a possibility for early detection and identification within a population through the use of wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE). With the rapid progress in the application of WBE during the COVID-19 pandemic, researchers have been able to provide evidence of SARS-CoV-2 shedding in wastewater and aid in decision-making for public health measures. However, there is a lack of research on potential trends and correlations between different levels of wastewater sample analysis, from building-level to municipality-level. Therefore, this study aims to fill this gap and also explore the use of metagenomic analysis in addition to the amount of viral RNA concentration in wastewater samples for COVID-19 monitoring at different levels. Results from monitoring indicated consistent patterns of COVID-19 and variants at the building, community, and municipality levels. However, there was a statistical difference in transmission dynamics at the building level during the spring season, possibly due to localized factors. Thus, the comparison of monitoring data from COVID-19 across different sewage catchment areas plays a crucial role in understanding the geographical spread of COVID-19. Metagenome analysis revealed a predominance of gut-associated microbes in wastewater, but no significant seasonal variations were observed. Further research is necessary to fully understand the relationship between changes in the gut microbiome and the distribution of COVID-19.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100676"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A collagen-hydrolyzing halotolerant protease for enhanced dye decolorization and toxicity reduction in high-salinity textile tannery wastewater","authors":"Shohreh Ariaeenejad,&nbsp;Seyedeh Fatemeh Sadeghian Motahar","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100669","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100669","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, PersiProtease1, a halotolerant alkaline protease, was derived from tannery metagenome and used to hydrolyze collagen in textile tannery wastewater. Beyond its primary role, PersiProtease1 also demonstrated significant potential for the decolorization of azo, anthraquinone, and triphenylmethane dyes. PersiProtease1 was tested under various environmental conditions, showing a superior dye removal efficiency of 52–89 % under 200 g/L salinity within 60 min, following second-order kinetics, is significantly higher than that of other reported proteases that typically achieve below 60 % efficiency under similar conditions. Additionally, compared to other proteases reported in high-salinity environments, PersiProtease1 exhibited a degree of hydrolysis (DH) of 43.08 %, surpassing the typical DH values of &lt;30 % reported in previous studies for similar conditions, for collagen degradation in a 5 mg/mL solution of textile tannery wastewater after 120 min. In addition to its collagen-degrading capabilities, protease achieved 80 % decolorization in textile tannery wastewater containing a mixture of dyes at 250 ppm, outperforming enzymes such as laccases, which typically achieve approximately 60 % decolorization under similar conditions. The enzyme was also capable of decolorizing high concentrations (500 ppm) of azo, anthraquinone, and triphenylmethane dyes, achieving &gt; 85 % efficiency within 60 min. Phytotoxicity and microbial toxicity tests were also conducted to evaluate the detoxification efficacy of PersiProtease1. These findings demonstrated reduced dye toxicity through increased plant germination rates and enhanced bacterial growth rates, indicating the potential of the enzyme to mitigate the harmful effects of dyes by promoting both plant and microbial growth. These results demonstrate PersiProtease1′s versatility as a biocatalyst for the treatment of high-salinity textile and tannery wastewater, making it an effective tool for pollution control and sustainable waste management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100669"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143600570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the toxicity of Fe3O4 nanoparticles on Pacific white leg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and the antibacterial efficacy against Vibrio harveyi","authors":"Suharyadi ,&nbsp;Uun Yanuhar ,&nbsp;Maheno Sri Widodo ,&nbsp;Abdul Rahem Faqih ,&nbsp;Heru Suryanto ,&nbsp;Nico Rahman Caesar","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100674","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100674","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanotechnology has rapidly developed in various fields. The unique, specific, and very small dimensions of nanoparticles have many functions in technical and biological advancements, such as drug delivery and antibacterial applications. This study investigates the potential antibacterial properties of chitosan-stabilized Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄ NPs) to inhibit the growth of <em>Vibrio harveyi</em> bacteria and evaluates their toxicity towards white leg shrimp (<em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em>). The characterization results of the Fe₃O₄ NPs synthesis show an average crystallite size of 21.41 nm. The antibacterial activity of chitosan-capped Fe₃O₄ NPs colloidal (Cs/Fe₃O₄ NPs) was found at a chitosan concentration of 15,000 mg/L, with an inhibition zone against V<em>. harveyi</em> of 6.12 ± 0.02 mm, and Fe₃O₄ NPs colloidal without chitosan capping at 6.17 ± 0.01 mm. Both treatments showed significantly greater antibacterial activity (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05, <em>n</em> = 3) compared to the treatment with Fe₃O₄ NPs colloid capped with chitosan at 5,000 and 10,000 mg/L. The toxicity test was conducted on white leg shrimp at 48 h and 96 h of exposure, with the highest mortality occurring at a concentration of 125 mg/L, resulting in 5 % mortality (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05) with an LC₅₀ value of 338.84 mg/L. Fe₃O₄ NPs have the potential to be developed as therapeutic agents or as bacterial growth inhibitors in the field of aquaculture by coating feed as a supplement (nano feed) due to their antibacterial properties and low toxicity levels towards cultured organisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100674"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143579274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of adsorption and ozonation as quaternary treatment of WWTP effluent for the removal of contaminants of emerging concern: Results from laboratory scale experiments","authors":"Agostina Chiavola ,&nbsp;Camilla Di Marcantonio ,&nbsp;Andrea Noè Porretti ,&nbsp;Sara Scagnetti ,&nbsp;Veronica Ciuchi ,&nbsp;Maria Rosaria Boni ,&nbsp;Sacha Micoli ,&nbsp;Marco Lazzazzara ,&nbsp;Simone Leoni ,&nbsp;Alessandro Frugis ,&nbsp;Valentina Gioia","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>European legislation introduces the need for quaternary treatment processes to reduce the risk associated with residual concentrations of Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs) present in the final effluent of Wastewater Treatment Plants. Among the various processes evaluated for this purpose, adsorption and ozonation have demonstrated the highest removal efficiencies. This study investigated the efficiency of these processes at laboratory scale, targeting four representative CECs commonly detected in wastewater: Carbamazepine (CBZ, antiepileptic), Sulfamethoxazole (SMX, antibiotic), 1H-Benzotriazole (BTR) and 5-Methyl-1H-Benzotriazole (MBTR) (corrosion inhibitors). Experiments were conducted under different operating conditions and treatment configurations. Overall, ozonation efficiently removed all the target CECs. CBZ and SMX exhibited similar reduction trends, achieving 90% removal within the first 5 min of treatment and complete removal after 15 min, at typical ozone dosages. MBTR was also effectively degraded but at a slower rate: the complete removal was observed only after 30 min. BTR required 60 min to reach a 50% concentration reduction. The removal patterns of these CECs in the mixture closely resembled those observed in the tests where they were present alone; only MBTR degradation rate decreased appreciably. Adsorption experiments, both in batch and continuous flow applications, revealed an inverse removal affinity: BTR&gt;MBTR&gt;&gt;CBZ&gt;SMX. The Freundlich isotherm model always provided the best fitting of the batch experimental data. The Freundlich constant, K_F, for benzotriazole compounds was significantly higher than for pharmaceuticals: 74.13 for BTR, 97.09 for MBTR, 18.90 for CBZ and 18.65 for SMX.</div><div>This study provides valuable insights into the comparative performance of ozonation and adsorption for CECs removal, offering critical data to support decision-making in the upgrading of wastewater treatment plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100665"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143579272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}