Journal of hazardous materials advances最新文献

{"title":"Environmental application of plastic masticating insects: perspective of a sustainable approach to plastic degradation","authors":"Rupin Kumar ,&nbsp;Jyoti Yadav ,&nbsp;Sandhya Rai ,&nbsp;Parimal K. Khan ,&nbsp;Amod Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global issue of plastic waste accumulation may eventually be addressed through biological systems that break down plastics and utilize the resultant by-products. In the current study, we primarily focus on the practical applicability of these systems in real-world scenarios. We examined the differences between controlled laboratory condition (CC) and environmental-like controlled condition (ECC) for consumption efficiency, feeding behaviour, and the effect on larval health for plastic biodegradation assay. Plastic sample exposed to insects shows significant chemical modification in fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum suggesting oxidative and structural degradation. In-silico toxicity (PROTOX-3.0) results shows high probability for hepatotoxicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, and interactions with cytochrome P450 (CYP2C9) highlighting toxicity concern for ethylene. Molecular docking results shows strong binding affinities of several enzymes (oxidoreductases and hydrolases) with plastic polymers supports our findings, indicating potential role in degradation. Comet assay analysis revealed plastic consumption leads to severe genotoxic stress that the insect larvae that were on plastic diet.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 101037"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between urinary benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers and lung cancer risk: A case-control study","authors":"Chengli Du ,&nbsp;Yunhao Chen ,&nbsp;Zhentao Yang ,&nbsp;Linping Cao ,&nbsp;Zhengliang Tu","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As emerging environmental contaminants with suspected human health impacts, benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers (BUVSs) lack empirical evidence regarding pulmonary carcinogenicity in exposed populations, highlighting the need to investigate their potential association with lung cancer. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between urinary BUVSs concentrations and lung cancer risk within the general population of Hangzhou, China. This case-control study included 397 newly diagnosed lung cancer patients and an equivalent cohort of age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Urine samples were analyzed for five different types of BUVSs, with total concentrations ranging from 0.46 to 36.40 μg/g creatinine. 2-(2′-Hydroxy-3′,5′-di‑tert-butylphenyl)-5‑chloro-benzotriazole (UV-327) was the most prevalent, with a mean concentration of 5.09 μg/g creatinine. Logistic regression models were employed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for assessing lung cancer risk in relation to urinary BUVSs concentrations. Following adjustment for covariates including sex, smoking status, alcohol intake, and dietary habits, urinary 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-<em>p</em>-cresol (UV-P) was the only BUVS demonstrating a significant correlation with lung cancer risk. Participants in the highest urinary UV-P concentration group exhibited a 4.5-fold higher risk of lung cancer relative to those in the lowest group (adjusted OR = 4.55, 95 % CI:2.84–7.28, <em>p</em> for trend &lt; 0.01). The link between elevated UV-P exposure and a higher risk of lung cancer was affected by factors such as smoking status and dietary habits. These findings provide novel evidence of a potential association between BUVSs exposure—particularly UV-P—and lung cancer in the general Chinese population, and highlight the need for future longitudinal and mechanistic studies to confirm these associations and elucidate the underlying biological pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 101018"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organochlorine pesticides in placenta, blood and breast milk of mothers in Uganda: Concentrations and health risks to breast fed infants","authors":"Daniel Omoding ,&nbsp;Teddy Nantume ,&nbsp;John Wasswa ,&nbsp;Silver Odongo ,&nbsp;Christine Kyarimpa ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Karume ,&nbsp;Henry Matovu ,&nbsp;Mika Sillanpää ,&nbsp;Charles Drago Kato ,&nbsp;Josephine Nabuuma ,&nbsp;Ashirafu Miiro ,&nbsp;Patrick Ssebugere","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100949","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100949","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exposure to organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) remains a major public health concern in low-income countries, where historical usage and poor regulation continue to result in maternal and early-life exposures. This study assessed concentration profiles of selected OCPs, namely; <em>p,p′</em>-DDT, <em>p,p′</em>-DDE, <em>o,p′</em>-DDE, <em>p,p′</em>-DDD, <em>o,p′</em>-DDD, aldrin, dieldrin, lindane, α-endosulfan, β-endosulfan, and endosulfan-sulfate in maternal blood, breast milk, and placenta samples collected from 52 healthy mothers residing in the rural Kanungu District and urban Kampala District in Uganda. Analytical quantification was performed using gas chromatography-electron capture detection (GC-ECD), and compound identity was confirmed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Concentrations of total DDTs (∑DDTs) were 63.0, 27.1, and 35.0 ng g^-1 lipid weight (l.w) in blood, breast milk, and placenta, respectively. <em>o,p′</em>-DDE was the predominant metabolite in blood (67% of ∑DDTs), while <em>p,p′</em>-DDE dominated in placenta and milk (34% and 70%, respectively), possibly due to degradation of technical DDT applied in past decades. Other OCPs were generally low (&lt;Limit of detection, LOD to 88.4 ng g^-1 l.w), except for dieldrin, which reached 130 ng g^-1 l.w in breast milk. OCP levels were significantly higher in Kanungu than Kampala, attributable to ongoing informal pesticide use in agriculture. In general, the estimated hazard quotients were &lt;1, which indicated that the health risks posed to infants due to ingestion of OCPs in breast milk was negligible. Our findings underscore the need for rural pesticide regulation and continuous maternal exposure monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100949"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145685539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of arsenic exposure through dietary sources and drinking water in Gallbladder cancer patients of Bihar","authors":"Shivam Kumar ,&nbsp;Arun Kumar ,&nbsp;Megha Sharma ,&nbsp;Kanhaiya Kumar ,&nbsp;Manishankar Kumar ,&nbsp;Dhruv Kumar ,&nbsp;Akhouri Bishwapriya ,&nbsp;Maiko Sakamoto ,&nbsp;Ashok Kumar Ghosh","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100947","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100947","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the recent times, there has been significant rise in the Gallbladder cancer (GBC) incidences globally. The present study examines the relationship between dietary arsenic exposure and GBC risk in n=141 inhabitants of Bihar. A total of n=705 samples were collected from n=141 subject’s households which included rice, wheat, pulse, potato and their household water samples. The study revealed that 11% of rice samples, 2% of potato samples, 6% of pulse samples, and 33% of wheat samples exceeded FAO permissible limits (200 µg/kg for rice, potatoes, and pulses; 100 µg/kg for wheat), with maximum concentrations of 574.8 µg/kg, 912 µg/kg, 267.2 µg/kg, and 376.4 µg/kg, respectively. Additionally, 21% of 141 handpump water samples had arsenic concentration more than the WHO limit of 10 µg/L, with maximum concentration as 91.6 µg/L. Health risk assessments indicated significant non-carcinogenic (Hazard Quotient &gt; 1) and carcinogenic (Cancer Risk &gt; 1 × 10⁻⁶) risks, with rice emerging as the primary dietary contributor, followed by wheat, while pulses and potatoes posed lower risks. Pearson correlation coefficients (r = 0.2590–0.4446, p &lt; 0.01) among staple food consumptions. In the present study, the human health risk assessment based on food samples showed that 17.73% of wheat samples exceeded the non-carcinogenic risk limit, and 58.15% exceeded the carcinogenic risk limit. Similarly, for rice samples, 39% of the exposed population showed potential non-carcinogenic risk, while 59.57% were at risk of carcinogenic effects. Rice showed the highest non-carcinogenic (HQ) and carcinogenic (CR) risks, with HQ values frequently exceeding the threshold of 1 and CR values surpassing the acceptable safety limit (1 × 10⁻⁶). This establishes rice as the primary dietary contributor to arsenic-related gallbladder cancer risk in the study population. Wheat presented moderate risk, with some HQ values exceeding 1 and CR values approaching the risk boundary, suggesting a secondary but significant contribution. In contrast, pulses demonstrated very low HQ and CR values, both well within safe limits, indicating negligible health risk from arsenic exposure through this food group. Overall, these findings highlight rice as the dominant dietary source of arsenic exposure among gallbladder cancer patients, followed by wheat, while pulses and potatoes pose comparatively lower risks. The study emphasizes the need for continuous biomonitoring and public health interventions, including safe irrigation and dietary diversification, to mitigate GBC risk in this arsenic-endemic region, with further research required to understand the impact of other confounding risk factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100947"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145618470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging molecular mechanisms of desorption to enhance PFAS bioavailability in contaminated soils","authors":"Husam Kafeenah ,&nbsp;Margaret D. Taiwo ,&nbsp;Patrica-Ivy Agorsor ,&nbsp;Michael O. Eze","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100999","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100999","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are known for their strong binding properties to soil matrices owing to their amphiphilic properties. While most studies focus on the search for novel PFAS biodegraders, our knowledge of sustainable biomolecules that could drive PFAS desorption and make them more bioavailable is limited. This study investigated the effectiveness of rhamnolipids and organic acids in desorbing PFAS compounds from contaminated soil. Rhamnolipids (25 mg/L) significantly enhanced the release of PFAS compounds from soil, achieving up to 90 % desorption. Acetic acid provided 60–90 % desorption efficiency for most of the PFAS studied, except for PFDA and three sulfonic PFAS (L-PFBS, <span>L</span>-PFHxS, and <span>L</span>-PFOS), suggesting acid-induced charge modification and reduced sorption affinity. Increasing the concentration of either additive enhanced desorption across all PFAS types, with acetic acid achieving maximum desorption at 0.5 M. Desorption kinetics revealed that rhamnolipids and acetic acid accelerated the kinetics of slow-desorbing PFAS. While oxalic and malic acids hindered the desorption of carboxylic PFAS, they enhanced the desorption of sulfonates. Considering the higher sorption capacity of sulfonates to sediment and soil, with greater potential for bioconcentration, the sorption reversibility of oxalic and malic acids can be harnessed for enhanced remediation of sulfonic PFAS in situations where rhamnolipids and acetic acids are inapplicable. Our findings will potentially stimulate research aimed at identifying suitable biomolecule-producing plants and microbes for enhanced PFAS desorption. Leveraging eco-friendly molecular mechanisms of desorption will complement the activities of novel microbes and facilitate PFAS biodegradation and site reclamation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100999"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-vehicle toluene exposure affects functional connectivity of working memory retrieval networks","authors":"Jiajing Wang ,&nbsp;Fangfang Hao ,&nbsp;Peiran Yu ,&nbsp;Wenjuan Wu ,&nbsp;Junjie Liu ,&nbsp;Yijun Song","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100982","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100982","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the aim to investigate the impact of in-vehicle toluene exposure on working memory (WM) retrieval networks, twenty-three healthy adults underwent 4-hour exposures to toluene at concentrations of 0, 17.5, 35, or 70 ppb within a simulated vehicle. After exposure, all participants completed a WM task while cortical electroencephalography signals were recorded. The functional connectivity (FC) strengths of WM retrieval networks were compared across the four groups using direct transfer function (DTF) analysis. Results indicated that exposure to 70 ppb toluene significantly increased the FC strengths of the WM retrieval network, particularly in the frontal cortex (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Specifically, DTF values for FZ-T5, FZ-F3, F3-T5, F4-T6, and F7-T5 were higher at 70 ppb than those at 0 ppb (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05, respectively). The DTF values for FZ-F3 and F3-T5 at 35 ppb were higher than those at 0 ppb (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). The DTF_FZ-F3 value at 17.5 ppb was higher than that at 0 ppb (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). The results suggest that even ppb-level, in-vehicle toluene exposure can significantly impact WM retrieval networks. The observed increase in FC strengths involved the medial prefrontal-to-left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex network, and several prefrontal-to-inferior temporal gyrus pathways. This dose-dependent enhancement of FC within critical cognitive networks presents a plausible neurophysiological mechanism for how in-vehicle toluene exposure may disrupt normal WM retrieval processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100982"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactions of microplastics with heavy metals in the aquatic environment: Mechanisms and mitigation","authors":"Atta Rasool,&nbsp;Jan Halfar,&nbsp;Kateřina Brožová,&nbsp;Kristina Čabanová,&nbsp;Jitka Chromíková,&nbsp;Petra Malíková,&nbsp;Oldřich Motyka,&nbsp;Eva Pertile,&nbsp;Silvie Drabinová,&nbsp;Silvie Heviánková","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs) and heavy metals (HMs) are significant pollutants in aquatic ecosystems, posing substantial risks to both environmental and human health. Despite growing research interest, the quantitative understanding of MPs-HMs interactions remains limited due to methodological inconsistencies and insufficient cross-study data synthesis. This review presents a data-driven and mechanistic evaluation of these interactions, focusing on sorption and desorption mechanisms and the impact of key physicochemical parameters, including pH, salinity, temperature, and dissolved organic matter. Experimental data are analyzed to reveal trends in adsorption capacity across different polymers, particle sizes, and metal species. The review also synthesizes toxicological effects on aquatic organisms and humans and assesses recent advances in modeling and remediation approaches. Hybrid techniques integrating conventional and emerging technologies show promise for the simultaneous removal of MPs and HMs, though challenges persist for large-scale implementation. By linking quantitative trends with mechanistic insights, this review identifies critical knowledge gaps, outlines directions for future experimental validation, and supports the development of standardized protocols for environmental monitoring, risk assessment, and remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100984"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reengineering electrokinetics: EDTA-enhanced mobilization of organic soil pollutants","authors":"Bryan A. Tiban-Anrango ,&nbsp;Carolina De los Santos ,&nbsp;J. Fernández-Cascán ,&nbsp;Cristina Sáez ,&nbsp;Manuel A. Rodrigo","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100994","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100994","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The lack of mobility of chlorinated organic compounds in electrokinetic systems requires enhancement of the operational parameters. In this study, we investigated the role of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a catholyte additive in enhancing the electrokinetic remediation (EKR) of real-contaminated soils containing chlorinated organic compounds (COCs). Initial soil washing experiments confirmed EDTA’s chelating efficacy, with extraction increasing from 0.006 mmol using pure water to 0.15 mmol with 0.1 M EDTA. Subsequent EKR trials at varying temperatures revealed that EDTA significantly improves COC mobilization, particularly toward the anode, where a 120% increase in molar transport was observed at 10 °C. This enhancement is attributed to the interaction between negatively charged EDTA complexes and chloro-substituted aromatic and alicyclic compounds, facilitating directional migration under an electric field. Temperature played a critical role in optimizing electro-osmotic flux and minimizing evaporation, with sub-25 °C conditions favoring contaminant transport. However, EDTA’s anionic nature also contributed to reduced soil electrical resistance, indirectly supporting electrokinetic performance. Notably, COC mobilization toward the cathode was less pronounced, with only a 20% increase, primarily driven by water movement rather than electrophoretic or electromigration. The study quantified EDTA demand, indicating that 26 mmol and 8 mmol of EDTA are required per mmol of COC mobilized at 10 °C and 25 °C, respectively. Despite lower extraction yields in EKR (0.086 mmol L⁻¹) compared to soil washing (0.149 mmol L⁻¹), the findings underscore EDTA’s potential to enhance organic pollutant mobility in electrokinetic systems. This work expands the applicability of chelating agents beyond heavy metals, offering new pathways for remediating complex organic-contaminated matrices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100994"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable dual-mechanism arsenic remediation by Rhodopseudomonas palustris: Synergistic adsorption-methylation and life cycle assessment","authors":"Nishan Sengupta ,&nbsp;Monika Sogani ,&nbsp;Anees Y. Khan ,&nbsp;Keshava Balakrishna ,&nbsp;Jayana Rajvanshi ,&nbsp;Zainab Syed ,&nbsp;Samiksha Verma","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Arsenic pollution in groundwater is a global health concern that requires long-term cleanup techniques. This study presents <em>Rhodopseudomonas palustris</em> biomass as a unique, eco-friendly option for arsenic detoxification, achieving levels below the WHO/EPA limit of 10 µg L⁻¹ through synergistic adsorption and enzymatic methylation. The biomass can successfully adsorb arsenate [As(V)] and arsenite [As(III)], with capacities of 92 ± 0.5 µg g⁻¹ and 127 ± 0.5 µg g⁻¹, respectively, following pseudo-first-order kinetics at near-neutral pH (6.7). HPLC-ICP-MS analysis showed that As(III) transforms into less dangerous dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) at 1.30 ± 0.28 µg L⁻¹, whereas As(V) displays minor methylation (<strong>&lt;</strong>0.01 µg L⁻¹ DMA) as estimated by mass balance calculations, thus emphasising As(III)'s higher reactivity. FTIR and FESEM-EDAX confirm that arsenic binds to carboxyl and phosphate groups on the biomass surface. The technique maintains 70 % efficiency after three repetitive adsorption cycles, increasing cost-effectiveness. Life Cycle Assessment reveals an environmental footprint of 2.34 kg CO₂-eq/m³, 0.015 kg PO₄³⁻-eq, and 0.00015 kg 1,4-DCB-eq, offering a significant improvement over reverse osmosis (3.5 kg CO₂-eq/m³) and adsorption-only systems (2.8 kg CO₂-eq/m³) by leveraging biological methylation to minimize emissions and toxicity. This dual-functional strategy, which combines strong adsorption and biotransformation, provides a scalable, long-term sustainable solution for arsenic remediation in resource-constrained areas, aligning with global water safety goals and advancing bioremediation paradigms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 101040"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polymer‑specific hazard profiling and risk indexing of microplastics in coastal sediments of St. Martin’s Island: A multivariate and machine learning approach","authors":"Mahir Tajwar ,&nbsp;Sidratul Muntaha ,&nbsp;Asif Ashraf ,&nbsp;Md Sahidul Islam ,&nbsp;Subrota Kumar Saha","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2026.101017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastic (MP) contamination poses an emerging ecological threat in small-island environments, yet polymer-specific risk assessments remain limited for the Bay of Bengal region. This study provides the first integrated, polymer-resolved evaluation of microplastics in coastal sediments of St. Martin’s Island, Bangladesh. A total of 298 suspected MPs were isolated through stereomicroscopy, of which 250 particles were confirmed through ATR-FTIR (≥89% spectral match). Fibres and fragments dominated the assemblage, with high abundances observed in tourism-intensive beaches (S1–S4, S12) and fishing-dominated zones (S8–S11). Polymer profiles were characterized by the predominance of PE, PP, PET, and PVC. Four complementary ecological risk metrics, Pollution Load Index (PLI), Polymer Hazard Index (PHI), Sediment Polymer Hazard Index (SPHI), and the Microplastic Pollution Risk Index (MPRI), identified localized hotspots of elevated risk, particularly at tourism and active fishing sites. Multivariate analyses (PCA, HCA) revealed clear clustering patterns associated with site-use categories, while machine-learning classifiers (Random Forest, SVM, KNN) accurately distinguished tourism, fishing, and low-use zones based on MP morphology, color, polymer type, and abundance. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that anthropogenic pressure strongly shapes microplastic composition and hazard profiles on St. Martin’s Island. The integrated risk-index and ML framework presented here provides a robust, reproducible approach for coastal microplastic monitoring in data-limited regions and can support targeted management and mitigation strategies in vulnerable island ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 101017"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}