Journal of hazardous materials advances最新文献

{"title":"Forest biomass derived biochar for effective meropenem mitigation in hospital effluents","authors":"José L.S. Duarte,&nbsp;Ana Hayat,&nbsp;Carmen M. Domínguez,&nbsp;Aurora Santos,&nbsp;Salvador Cotillas","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100811","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100811","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the use of forest biomass-derived biochar for the efficient removal of meropenem (MRP), a persistent antibiotic found in hospital wastewater. Raw commercial biochar was modified using different activation methods (alkali, ultrasound, and microwave), with NaOH-activated biochar (BCA2) showing superior performance. BCA2 achieved 100 % removal of MRP at 5 mg dm^-3, and 75 % removal at 50 mg dm^-3 after five adsorption-desorption cycles. Characterization revealed a highly porous structure with oxygenated functional groups enhancing adsorption. The process was efficient across a broad pH range (3–10), with removal rates ranging from 75 to 97 %, and demonstrated better performance than commercial granular activated carbon (GAC) in reuse scenarios. Adsorption followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and fitted well to the Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 17.2 mg g^-1. Thermodynamic analysis indicated a spontaneous and endothermic process. Application in simulated hospital effluents confirmed complete MRP removal and a decrease in overall salinity, demonstrating the material’s robustness under complex water matrices. These findings highlight the potential of low-cost, modified biochar as an eco-friendly and effective adsorbent for treating antibiotic-contaminated effluents in real-world conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100811"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144570774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-cost portable microplastic detection system integrating nile red fluorescence staining with YOLOv8-based deep learning","authors":"Kittanon Rermborirak ,&nbsp;Phutawan Nanuan ,&nbsp;Pattarapon Komonpan ,&nbsp;Somboon Sukpancharoen","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100787","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100787","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastic (MP) pollution presents considerable challenges to aquatic ecosystems and human health, yet cost-effective detection methods remain limited. This study presents a portable, low-cost MP detection device combining Nile Red (NR) staining with YOLOv8-based deep learning (DL). The compact system (22 × 23 × 20 cm) uses a digital microscope, optical filter, 395 nm UV source, and Raspberry Pi 4 (RPi4) as the central processing unit. This design provide a portable and affordable alternative to expensive laboratory-based detection methods. In testing six common polymers (ABS, Nylon, PE, PET, PS, PVC), the system achieves 94.8 % mean average precision at IoU threshold of 0.5 (mAP@50), with excellent performance for PE and Nylon (96.5 %). Each polymer exhibits distinct fluorescence patterns enabling robust automated classification. Economic analysis demonstrates 77.3 % cost reduction compared to conventional FTIR methods, from $0.44 to $0.10 per sample, with fixed costs of only $139. The 19-second processing time enables high-throughput analysis suitable for field applications, citizen science, and resource-limited settings. Detection is limited to particles &gt;100 μm by microscope resolution. This technology enhances MP analysis accessibility, bridging the gap between expensive laboratory methods and practical environmental monitoring for widespread community use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100787"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144518512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of ageing on rare earth elements retention and the structure of secondary mineral phases formed during acid mine water alkalinization","authors":"Dileesha Jayahansani Kotte-Hewa ,&nbsp;Delphine Durce ,&nbsp;Sonia Salah ,&nbsp;Erik Smolders","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100810","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100810","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) remediation with CaCO₃ in passive treatment systems (PTS) results in the precipitation of gypsum and various Fe and Al minerals, which immobilize toxic metals and rare earth elements (REE). The poorly crystalline and metastable formed phases can transform into more stable forms over time, potentially affecting REE scavenging. This study investigated how ageing affects solid-phase transformations and REE scavenging. Batch alkalinization experiments with CaCO₃, mimicking PTS, were set up by sequentially increasing the pH of two synthetic AMD waters: medium Fe (Syn_MFe) and low Fe (Syn_LFe). Suspensions were aged for one year at pH∼4 (Syn_MFe only) and at pH∼6 (both solutions), with results compared to previously published data obtained after two weeks. Changes due to ageing were assessed by supernatant analysis (ICP-MS) and solid-phase characterization (XRD, LA-ICP-MS, and SEM/EDX). Ageing for one year at pH∼4 did not affect REE removal in Syn_MFe. In contrast, increased REE removal was observed by ageing at pH∼6 in both AMD solutions, driven by a gradual pH increase of 0.6 to 1.2 units due to the slow dissolution of excess CaCO₃ remaining after two weeks. Gypsum remained the only crystalline phase, while Fe- and Al-phases, potentially jarosite(H), schwertmannite, basaluminite, ferrihydrite and gibbsite, stayed amorphous. At pH∼4, MREE associations shifted from gypsum to Fe-S-O phases without affecting overall REE removal. Increased REE removal at pH∼6 was attributed to pH-dependent sorption, likely on basaluminite and gibbsite. The results of the present study show that the effectiveness of REE scavenging in AMD PTS is likely to improve over time due to further limestone dissolution increasing the pH, which would reduce the environmental REE risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100810"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144570775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon dots-titanium oxide nanocomposite for effective treatment of crude oil-contaminated water","authors":"Doris F. Ogeleka ,&nbsp;Ufuoma A. Oyohwose ,&nbsp;Elias E. Elemike ,&nbsp;Damian C. Onwudiwe","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100808","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100808","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined the synthesis, characterization, and application of carbon dots-titanium oxide (CDs-TiO₂) nanocomposite for the treatment of crude oil-contaminated water. CDs were obtained from sawdust using a hydrothermal method, while TiO₂ nanoparticles were synthesized via a green approach using avocado leaf extract and titanium tetraisopropoxide. The nanocomposite was formed by mixing CDs and TiO₂ nanoparticles in a 1:1 ratio. The synthesized materials were characterized using UV–Vis spectrophotometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Characterization results confirmed the successful integration of CDs and TiO₂ nanoparticles in the composite. They all displayed spherical shape nanostructures with particle sizes of 6,8 nm, 11.25 and 10.8 nm for CDs, TiONPs and the CD-TiONPs composites respectively. The synthesized CDs, TiO₂ NPs, and the nanocomposite were each applied for the treatment of crude oil contaminated water. The nanocomposite exhibited enhanced capacity for crude oil removal compared to either of its components. The nanocomposite exhibited high efficiency in removing crude oil from contaminated water, with a removal efficiency of up to 83 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100808"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144604835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous removal of oxytetracycline and antibiotic-resistant bacteria during ozonation of clarified pharmaceutical wastewater","authors":"Kyi Aye Nwe ,&nbsp;Amir Hossein Hamidian ,&nbsp;Min Yang ,&nbsp;Zhe Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100809","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100809","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sanitation of antibiotics production wastewater using a recognized alternative for disinfection is extremely critical for subsequent use and environmental protection as well. In this study, ozonation was used to treat a real oxytetracycline production wastewater. The experiments were conducted in laboratory scale using an ozonation reactor, which was operated in semi-batch mode. Antibiotics were efficiently degraded from 928 ± 23 to 3.3 ± 0.2 µg/L, corresponding to the removal efficiency of 99.6 % at ozone consumption of 250.7 mg/L. Ozone consumptions of 82.6, 166.4, and 250.7 mg/L significantly (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01) inactivated bacterial growth by 63.9 %, 94.5 %, and 99.99 %, respectively. Further, the absolute abundances of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were significantly (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01) decreased and some of the <em>tet</em> genes such as <em>tetC, tetQ</em>, and <em>tetX</em> lied below the detection limit after ozonation. The bacterial community showed various responses to ozone consumptions. <em>Pseudomonas</em> was the most dominant genus in all treatments that gradually decreased (34.07 % to 27.35 %) with the increase of ozone consumption. Overall, the results of this study highlighted that ozonation is an efficient process for treatment of oxytetracycline production wastewater in terms of degradation of antibiotics, removal of ARGs, and inactivation of microorganisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100809"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144563097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of simultaneous use of consumer spray products on airborne substances","authors":"Myoungho Lee ,&nbsp;Sungil Choe ,&nbsp;Chungsik Yoon","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100800","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100800","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although chemicals have become essential to modern life, human exposure to hazardous substances has increased through multiple pathways—particularly when products are applied directly to the body. While many studies have focused on identifying harmful ingredients in individual products, there remains a lack of research on exposure levels resulting from the simultaneous use of multiple products. This study aimed to measure changes in airborne concentrations of particulate matter, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and aldehydes when consumer spray products are used individually and in combination. 15 products from three categories—fragrance, disinfectant, and hairspray—were selected for ingredient analysis. Subsequently, three products were chosen for inhalation experiments in a controlled chamber. The total VOC (TVOC) concentration showed 273.1 ± 87.8 µg/m³ for a single product application but increased to 414.6 ± 194.2 µg/m³ when two products were sprayed simultaneously and reached 1162.4 ± 48.9 µg/m³ when all three were used together. Ethanol and α-pinene concentrations increased with simultaneous use, whereas linalool and acetone levels decreased, exhibiting contrasting trends. Notably, when a product containing linalool was used, the proportion of nanoparticles increased by 12.2 ± 7.9 %. This finding suggests that concurrent use of multiple products may elevate particle exposure risks, warranting caution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100800"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144563465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungal-derived 3D macroporous adsorbents for rapid Pb(II) removal: Performance, mechanisms and applications","authors":"Zhirong Chen ,&nbsp;Jinfeng Tang ,&nbsp;Nana Wang ,&nbsp;Jianqiao Wang ,&nbsp;Tangfu Xiao ,&nbsp;Minqi Fan ,&nbsp;Yu Chen ,&nbsp;Runshen He ,&nbsp;Mengyang You","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100805","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100805","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lead (Pb) bioaccumulation in aquatic ecosystems poses significant threats to environmental health and human safety. To address the urgent need for efficient and operationally simple adsorbents for aqueous Pb(II) removal, this study presents the development of novel biomass adsorbents, specifically xanthate-modified <em>Auricularia auricula</em> (XAAS), <em>Pleurotus ostreatus</em> (XPOS) and <em>Flammulina velutipes</em> (XFVS), for the rapid and selective removal of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solutions. These materials were synthesized via a straightforward xanthate modification followed by lyophilization, optimizing conditions to balance cost-effectiveness and adsorption performance. Structural characterization revealed a three-dimensional macroporous architecture in all adsorbents, enabling rapid solid-liquid separation through simple filtration. Kinetic studies revealed that Pb(II) removal by XAAS, XPOS and XFVS was predominantly chemisorption-driven, reaching equilibrium within 15 min. Langmuir isotherm modeling determined maximum adsorption capacities of 190.48, 161.03 and 170.94 mg/g, respectively, showing minimal temperature dependence. Competitive adsorption experiments established Pb(II) selectivity following the inhibition sequence: Cr(III) &gt; Cu(II) &gt; Cd(II) &gt; Tl(I). Mechanistic studies identified ion exchange, surface complexation and microprecipitation as primary removal pathways. Notably, xanthate hydrolysis within the adsorbent matrices facilitated the formation of PbS and Pb₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂ nanoparticles. In simulated Pb(II)-contaminated Pearl River water, the adsorbents achieved &gt;86% removal at 34.11 mg/L Pb(II) and complete elimination (100%) at trace levels (0.41 mg/L). These fungal-derived adsorbents exhibited comparable structural properties and Pb(II) removal performance. Their combination of high adsorption capacity, rapid kinetics, selectivity and simple synthesis underscores strong potential for practical remediation of heavy-metal-polluted surface waters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100805"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144563098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reductive transformation of oxyanion-containing jarosite by iron-reducing bacteria: Effects of mineral precipitation on the mobility of potentially toxic elements","authors":"Myoungsin Lee ,&nbsp;Yumi Kim ,&nbsp;Yul Roh ,&nbsp;Yeongkyoo Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100804","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100804","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Jarosite can co-precipitate with hazardous oxyanions and reduce their concentration. However, the redox conditions significantly affect the mobility of these elements. We investigated the mineral phase change and mobility changes of oxyanions in jarosite containing different mole percentages of arsenate (AsO₄^3-), chromate (CrO₄^2-), molybdate (MoO₄^2-), selenate (SeO₄^2-), and selenite (SeO₃^2-) during reduction by <em>Shewanella putrefaciens.</em> The mineralogical and chemical changes were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM/TEM), and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The mole percentage and oxyanion species significantly affected the mineral transformation and mobility changes during the reduction process. The 2-mole percentage oxyanions generally showed faster mineral phase transformation than 10-mole percent, likely due to the inhibition of reductive dissolution at high oxyanion concentrations and the toxicity of CrO₄²⁻. The reduction process greatly enhanced the iron concentration, mineral transformation, and the mobility of these elements compared to the abiotic controls. Goethite was precipitated first, followed by siderite. This process eventually reduced the dissolved iron concentration and led to a decrease in dissolved oxyanions due to their adsorption onto the surfaces of these newly formed minerals. Extra mineral precipitation, parasymplesite for AsO₄-jarosite, selenium particles for SeO₄- and SeO₃-jarosite, and iron selenide for 10-mole percent SeO₃-jarosite, contributed to an additional decrease in these two elements in solution. Our results show that the reduction process by bacteria plays an important role in the cycle of iron and mobility changes of oxyanions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100804"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144549899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anchoring covalent organic framework onto biochar provides novel amendment for immobilizing cadmium and lead pollutants in soil","authors":"Tingting Ouyang ,&nbsp;Jiajun Fan ,&nbsp;Zhao Liu ,&nbsp;Shanna Lin ,&nbsp;Youchi Zhang ,&nbsp;Chao Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100806","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100806","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The escalating crisis of heavy metal contamination in soil demands advanced material to effectively control pollution risk. To enhance the effectiveness of biochar to remediate the soils contaminated with cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), this study developed an in-situ polymerization method to anchor covalent organic frameworks (COF), one class of emerging porous polymers, onto rice husk biochar surfaces, generating a novel COF-modified rice husk biochar (COF-RB). Adsorption studies showed that COF-RB exhibited a significantly faster adsorption rate and higher adsorption capacity for Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺ compared to RB. The maximum adsorption capacities of COF-RB for Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺ were 40.56 and 101.33 mg g⁻¹, respectively, approximately 7-fold and 5-fold higher than RB alone. The metal adsorption on COF-RB fit the Freundlich isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, indicating the occurrence of chemical adsorption. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis further revealed that the surface complexation with nitrogen-containing functional groups on COF-RB played an essential role in facilitating the Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺ adsorption process. When COF-RB was applied into contaminated soil, both the concentrations of soil available Cd and Pb decreased, ranging from 42.70 %–65.42 % and 23.29 %–45.78 %, respectively, compared to RB-treated soil. Additionally, COF-RB promoted the transformation of the metals from labile to more stable fractions in soils. Overall, the findings highlight that COF-RB presents as a promising solution for immobilizing Cd and Pb pollutants in water and soils. The research offers new insight and method for biochar surface modification, and facilitates the remediation of heavy metal contamination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100806"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144563467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personal monitoring of exposure to PM2.5 and PMcoarse: A panel study of lung function and oxidative stress biomarkers in elderly Hong Kong residents","authors":"Tianhang Zhang ,&nbsp;Chung Ling Man ,&nbsp;Ka Hei Lui ,&nbsp;Steven Sai Hang Ho ,&nbsp;Linli Qu ,&nbsp;Siu Wai Choi ,&nbsp;Timothy Chi Yui Kwok ,&nbsp;Tony Ward ,&nbsp;Kin Fai Ho","doi":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100803","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazadv.2025.100803","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) has been extensively studied for its cardiorespiratory risks, the toxicological significance of coarse particulate matter (PM_coarse) remains poorly characterized due to methodological challenges in exposure assessment. This panel study employed personal exposure monitoring to unravel the distinct respiratory and oxidative stress effects of PM_2.5 versus PM_coarse and their chemical constituents in vulnerable elderly. Intensive 6-day monitoring of 48 healthy elders in Hong Kong was conducted during each campaign, combining real-time personal PM sampling (analyzed for organic/elemental carbon, PAHs, and ionic species) with daily lung function tests (FEV₁, FVC, PEF) and urinary biomarkers (8-OHdG, MDA). The mixed-effects model was controlled for microenvironmental factors (temperature/humidity) and individual characteristics (BMI, age, gender). Personal exposure to sulfate ions (SO₄²⁻) in PM_2.5 showed a significant inverse relationship with the FEV₁/FVC ratio, indicating impaired lung function. Notably, increased personal exposure to PM_coarse was associated with elevated levels of the oxidative stress biomarker 8-OHdG. Furthermore, the findings reveal a pronounced impact of personal PAHs exposure on MDA levels, with the effects being more substantial for PM_coarse (15.71 %) relative to PM_2.5 (3.53 %). These findings provide somewhat evidence for the health impacts of PM_coarse, likely driven by its chemical composition and size-dependent effects. Highlighting the overlooked role of PM_coarse in adverse health outcomes, this study underscores the necessity of including PM_coarse and its components in health impact assessments and regulatory standards.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials advances","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100803"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144563511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}