Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports最新文献

{"title":"Chronic exposure to a synthetic cannabinoid improves cognition and increases locomotor activity in Tg4-42 Alzheimer's disease mice.","authors":"Frederik W Ott, Marius E Sichler, Caroline Bouter, Marzieh Enayati, Jens Wiltfang, Thomas A Bayer, Nicola Beindorff, Maximilian J Löw, Yvonne Bouter","doi":"10.1177/25424823241306770","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25424823241306770","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline and behavior impairments. Despite recent approvals of anti-amyloid antibodies, there remains a need for disease modifying and easily accessible therapies. Emerging evidence suggests that targeting the endocannabinoid system may hold promise for AD therapy as it plays a crucial role in different physiological processes, including learning, memory and anxiety, as well as inflammatory and immune responses.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of the synthetic cannabinoid WIN 55,212-2 on memory deficits in Tg4-42 transgenic mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Tg4-42 mice were assigned to two treatment groups to investigate the preventive effects of WIN 55,212-2 after a prolonged washout period, as well as the therapeutic effects of WIN 55,212-2 on behavior. Furthermore, the effects of WIN 55,212-2 treatment on AD pathology, including inflammation, amyloid-β load, neurogenesis, and brain glucose metabolism, were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Therapeutic WIN 55,212-2 treatment rescued recognition memory and spatial reference deficits in Tg4-42 mice. Furthermore, therapeutic WIN 55,212-2 administration improved motor performance. In addition, preventative WIN 55,212-2 treatment rescued spatial learning and reference memory deficits. Importantly, WIN 55,212-2 treatment did not affect anxiety-like behavior. However, therapeutic and preventative WIN 55,212-2 treatment resulted in an increase locomotor activity and swimming speed in Tg4-42 mice. WIN-treatment reduced microgliosis in the hippocampus of preventively treated mice and rescued brain glucose metabolism in therapeutically treated Tg4-42 mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings emphasize the therapeutic promise of the synthetic cannabinoid WIN 55,212-2 in alleviating behavioral and cognitive deficits linked to AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823241306770"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11869267/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of oxidative balance score and cognition in US older adults: A cross-sectional study of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011 to 2014.","authors":"Yue Jin, Huajian Lin, Zegen Ye, Huaqiang Wang, Yangkun Liu, Weiwen Qiu, Chunhua Liu","doi":"10.1177/25424823241300354","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25424823241300354","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oxidative stress is linked to cognitive decline in the elderly. Diet, as a key energy source, affects brain function and serves as a modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigates the relationship between the Oxidative Balance Score (OBS), which reflects diet and lifestyle impact on oxidative stress, and cognitive function in older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011-2014, including 2716 participants aged 60 and older. Cognitive outcomes measured were the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) Word Learning test, Animal Fluency test, and Digit Symbol Substitution test. Linear regression models were used to assess the relationship between the OBS and cognitive performance, with stratification and sensitivity analyses conducted to explore these associations further.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 2716 participants, higher dietary OBS scores were linked to better cognitive test performance after adjusting for confounders. For example, the highest OBS quartile had a 4.35-point increase in CERAD immediate recall compared to the lowest quartile (OR: 4.35, 95% CI: 2.14-8.84, p = 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed this positive association across age groups and genders, though it was stronger among non-Hispanic white participants compared to other racial groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate a positive correlation between OBS and cognitive function in older adults, suggesting that an antioxidant-rich diet and lifestyle may help prevent cognitive decline in this population. However, since this study is cross-sectional, further prospective research is needed to confirm these results.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823241300354"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864262/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of intermediate home-based care on functional health of older adults with stroke in low-income and middle-income countries: A systematic review.","authors":"Temitope Hannah Farombi, Hafiz Ta Khan, Muili Lawal, Rufus Akinyemi","doi":"10.1177/25424823251318227","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25424823251318227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Intermediate care services are designed to facilitate transition from medical dependence to functional independence, ultimately improving the overall quality of life. Despite the recognized benefits of intermediate care in rehabilitation, data on its impact on functional outcomes for older adults with stroke in low- and middle-income countries are limited. <b>Objective:</b> This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and outcomes of an intermediate care model among older adults with stroke. <b>Methods:</b> This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. Scopus, EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and reference lists of manually selected articles were searched. Only studies published in English from 2012 to 2023 were included. Randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies focusing on functional improvement in motor function, activities of daily living (ADLs), and quality of life in older adults with stroke receiving home-based or community intermediate care were considered. Data extraction utilized the PICO framework. Three reviewers independently conducted a critical appraisal and risk of bias assessments, with two additional reviewers resolving any discrepancies. <b>Results:</b> Eleven studies from low- and middle-income countries were included. The interventions varied, encompassing exercise programs, therapy sessions, video-based programs, reminiscence therapy, and caregiver-assisted therapy, targeting various aspects of stroke recovery and rehabilitation. The interventions demonstrated positive effects on functional outcomes, significantly improving ADLs and overall quality of life. <b>Conclusions:</b> Despite variability in functional outcomes, the study highlights that implementing home-based intermediate care can be crucial for stroke patients in low-resource settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823251318227"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effect of chlorogenic acid on cognitive impairment in rats with early Alzheimer's disease via Wnt signaling pathway.","authors":"Lei Wang, Xuehua Wang, Liang Hou, Yingxue Liu, Jiangsheng Liu, Deqiang Zhang, Suyan Yao, Deyu Zheng","doi":"10.1177/25424823251315848","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25424823251315848","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chlorogenic acid (CGA) has neuroprotective properties associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the exact mechanism by which CGA prevents cognitive impairment in AD remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of CGA on cognitive impairment in rats with early AD via the Wnt signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the protective effect of CGA on cognitive impairment in an early AD rat model via the Wnt signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty male rats were randomly divided into the control group (CON), AD group (AD), CGA 100 groups and CGA 150 groups with 10 rats in each group. In addition to CON group, the other three groups of rats were injected with 10 μL Aβ_25-35 in the unilateral ventricle to create the model. After 3 days of molding, CGA100 group (gavage of CGA at a dose of 150 mg/kg/d) and CGA150 group (gavage of CGA at a dose of 150 mg/kg/d) were given CGA for 6 weeks. Morris water maze test, Nissl staining test, and western blot test were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CGA reduced the escape latency of Aβ_25-35-induced early AD rats, shortened the swimming distance, and extended the activity time of the target quadrant. CGA increased the number of Nissl, decreased the expression of inflammatory factors, decreased the expression levels of GSK-3β, GFAP, and tau, and increased the expression levels of DVL2 and β-catenin.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CGA can protect the cognitive impairment of early AD rats via Wnt signaling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823251315848"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864266/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alzheimer's disease (AD) in multiple sclerosis (MS): A systematic review of published cases, mechanistic links between AD and MS, and possible clinical evaluation of AD in MS.","authors":"Ross Cottrill, Anupa Ekanayake, Cooper Grove, Senal Peiris, Nicholas Corbett, Biyar Ahmed, Will Jens, Tim Brearly, Sangam Kanekar, Paul Eslinger, Qing Yang, Prasanna Karunanayaka","doi":"10.1177/25424823251316134","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25424823251316134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are two neurological disorders that can pose enormous burden to a person's quality of life. Due to new therapeutic advancements that significantly extend the lifespan, there may be an increased prevalence of AD in elderly MS patients. <b>Objective:</b> Building on a previous review on MS-AD coexistence, this review not only aimed to broaden the pool of literature searched, but also investigated possible mechanistic links between clinical markers for MS and AD. <b>Methods:</b> We searched for newly reported cases of coexisting MS and AD in PubMed, Clinical Key, BioMed Central, and Europe PubMed Central databases; and identified 101 new cases in addition to the previously reported 24 cases by Luczynski et al. (2019). The resulting 125 comorbid cases necessitated an evaluation of literature on the pathogenesis of MS and AD. <b>Results:</b> This review highlights many overlaps between AD and MS (for instance, the immune cell dysfunction, glymphatic dysfunction, genetics, environmental factors, and others). We critically evaluated clinical and laboratory metrics used to identify AD in MS patients (e.g., MRI, amyloid-β and tau protein identification, miRNA biomarker evaluation, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, vitamin levels, gut microbiota etc.). <b>Conclusions:</b> Future research should refine these diagnostic criteria and focus on enhancing screening and detection methods for AD in MS patients. Furthermore, one should also investigate the primary causes of the increased comorbidity between AD and MS.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823251316134"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Etiologies of rapidly progressive dementias: A systematic review and meta-analysis of causes in worldwide and Latin America.","authors":"Jonathan Fernando Cubas Guillen, Carolina Agata Ardohain Cristalli, Waleska Berrios, Florencia Deschle, Guido Dorman, Julian Fernandez Boccazzi, Ignacio Flores, Héctor Gastón Graviotto, Cristian Flavio Isaac, Galeno Rojas, Karen Daniela Román, Maria de la Paz Scribano Parada, Marcos Sorbara, Ricardo F Allegri, Ismael Luis Calandri","doi":"10.1177/25424823251314505","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25424823251314505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rapidly progressive dementia (RPD) is a group of neurological diseases, where three etiologies are particularly relevant: neurodegenerative, prion and autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) diseases.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the frequency of these etiologies causing RPD in worldwide and Latin America (LatAm).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted. A bibliographic search of publications related to the etiologies of RPD was done. The etiologies, the timeframe definition (<1 year versus <2 years) and the study's place of origin were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 10 articles were selected for the analysis in this study (n = 1006 patients). Three studies were originated in LatAm cohorts (two from Argentina and one from Brazil). The global prevalence of RPD due to neurodegenerative disease was 23% CI95% [11%; 42%]; prion diseases, 16% CI95% [9%; 28%]; and AIE, 12% CI95% [6%; 22%]. Comparing each overall proportion of etiologies of LatAm versus non-LatAm there were statistically significant differences for AIE (25% versus 8%, respectively, <i>p </i>< 0.01). In the case of timeframe definitions, the comparison of the etiological percentage did not show statistically significant differences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>From our results, approximately a half of the causes of RPD were due to neurodegenerative, prion, and AIE diseases. Future studies will be needed to analyze this issue both globally and regionally.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823251314505"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating barriers to dementia specialty care among vulnerable populations: Insight from a multidiscipline care navigation team.","authors":"Charles C Windon, Stephanie Pun, Mitchel Erickson, Ashley J Jackson, Hannah Ruben, Phil Smith, Heather Tirona-Bito, Nhat Bui, Angelo Tumaneng, Nida Degesys, James Hardy, Anna Harris, Katherine L Possin","doi":"10.1177/25424823241308456","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25424823241308456","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The emergency department evaluates many patients with undiagnosed cognitive impairment and presents an opportune setting to facilitate early detection and referral to memory care specialists. We evaluated a novel care navigation pathway that facilitated referrals of ethnoculturally diverse individuals with suspected cognitive impairment from geriatric professionals embedded in the emergency department to dementia specialist care. We compared rates of referrals and successful appointment attendance for patients in this pathway compared to patients in a traditional primary care provider referral pathway. The care navigation team successfully identified and mitigated multiple barriers to accessing dementia specialist care, thereby increasing access.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823241308456"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864254/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to \"Identifying shared diagnostic genes and mechanisms in vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease via bioinformatics and machine learning\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/25424823241313256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823241313256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1177/25424823241289804.].</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823241313256"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between levels of physical activity, adherence to the MIND diet, and cognitive impairment in adults aged 65 years or older in Pakistan.","authors":"Binish Islam, Tianjiao Li, Tasiu Ibrahim Ibrahim, Dan Yang, Hanxiao Lv, Qian Zhang, Mengying Xu, Goudja Gassara, Jianwu Wang","doi":"10.1177/25424823241290132","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25424823241290132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In contrast to existing evidence focusing on high-income countries, this study offers novel insights into the demographic and geographical context that have yet to be explored in the existing literature. Comparatively, in Pakistan, cognitive impairment is one of the neglected disorders that can develop into dementia and Alzheimer's disease. As no treatment is available, lifestyle modifications are a valid intervention for cognitive health.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the relationship between physical functionality, adherence to the Mediterranean-DASH diet Intervention for Neurological Delay (MIND), and cognitive impairment among elderly individuals in Pakistan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From January to June 2023, this cross-sectional study recruited 462 participants aged 65 and above. We used proven tools in gerontological research, such as the MIND diet quiz and Quick Physical Activity Rating scale (QPAR), to evaluate diet and physical activity levels. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis revealed that 26.40% of the participants had mild cognitive impairment, whereas 48.50% demonstrated low adherence to the MIND diet. The mean QPAR score was 20.51 ± 18.77. A significant association was found between lower physical activity levels and increased cognitive impairment (adjusted odds ratio 9.94, confidence interval (CI): 6.07-16.27). Additionally, higher adherence to the MIND diet correlated with reduced cognitive impairment (odds ratio 0.29, CI: 0.18-0.46).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings highlight the critical role of diet and physical activity in cognitive health among the elderly population. The study emphasizes the need for targeted public health interventions and further longitudinal research to explore the long-term effects of these factors on cognitive health.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823241290132"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 52-week, open-label, observational study evaluating tolerability, efficacy and physicians satisfaction of rivastigmine oral solution in Alzheimer's disease in Taiwan.","authors":"Chuo-Yu Lee, Wen-Fu Wang, Jung-Lung Hsu, Yuan-Han Yang, Kai-Ming Jhang","doi":"10.1177/25424823241311860","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25424823241311860","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is limited data on the use of rivastigmine oral solution in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the tolerability, efficacy and physicians' satisfaction of Rivast^® (rivastigmine oral solution 2 mg/ml) in Taiwanese patients with mild to moderate AD over a 52-week period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An open-label, non-comparative, observational study was conducted across four hospitals in Taiwan. 142 Patients with mild to moderate AD were enrolled. Adverse events and adherence rates were monitored throughout the 52-week study period, while cognitive (Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)) and global functional outcomes (Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR)-Sum of Boxes) were recorded at baseline and at week 52. Factors associated with discontinuation, adverse events, and declines in cognitive and global function were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study achieved a 92.3% adherence rate, with 19% experiencing adverse events. The optimal dose was 3.8 ml, reached within 8.3 weeks. 43.7% of the patients reached an optimal dose of 4 ml and 59.8% achieved optimal dose within 4 weeks. Age and clinically significant electrocardiogram (EKG) abnormalities were associated with a higher risk of discontinuation, while female patients exhibited a lower risk. Additionally, both a higher initial dose and a higher optimal dose were associated with a reduced risk of adverse effects. Abnormal EKG findings were significantly associated with cognitive decline. More time to optimal dose was significantly associated with worse global function. All physicians regarded the medication is ease of use and the administration schedule is simple.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides valuable insights into the tolerability and efficacy of rivastigmine oral solution in Taiwanese patients with mild to moderate AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823241311860"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}