Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports最新文献

{"title":"Exploring the link between GLP-1 receptor agonists and dementia: A comprehensive review.","authors":"Mallika Chuansangeam, Pawit Phadungsaksawasdi, Hyo Jin Park, Yuan-Han Yang","doi":"10.1177/25424823251342182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823251342182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and insulin resistance are associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline and dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), originally developed for glycemic control, are emerging as neuroprotective agents. This review evaluates the evidence regarding the effects of GLP-1RAs in populations with T2DM-both with and without cognitive impairment, as well as in individuals diagnosed with AD. We conducted a comprehensive literature search and identified ten studies for inclusion: six randomized controlled trials, one prospective open-label study, and three observational studies. GLP-1RAs consistently demonstrated cognitive benefits in patients with T2DM, even in the absence of metabolic improvements. In cases of early dementia or AD, GLP-1RA treatment preserved brain metabolism and connectivity but did not significantly alter amyloid or tau biomarkers. Notably, cognitive improvements were most evident in individuals with higher body mass index (BMI) or obesity. While some studies reported neural functional changes via imaging, direct modifications in established AD biomarkers were not consistently observed. In conclusion, GLP-1RAs may improve cognitive outcomes and brain function, particularly in the early stages of neurodegeneration and among high-risk T2DM populations. Further well-designed clinical trials are needed to evaluate the impacts of GLP-1RAs on both the clinical progression and underlying pathology of dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823251342182"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075970/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNA methylation in peripheral blood leukocytes in late onset Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Tatiana Chacón, Hernán G Hernández","doi":"10.1177/25424823251341176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823251341176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic systemic inflammation is implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis and has measurable effects on blood cells. There is increasing interest in non-invasive diagnostic tools that use blood-based biomarkers for AD, such as DNA methylation. Notably, DNA methylation changes in blood are also linked to systemic inflammation. The evaluation of DNA methylation profiles in peripheral blood leukocytes as potential biomarkers for AD is promising.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine DNA methylation patterns in blood for AD, and to explore specific blood CpG sites that act as surrogates for brain-tissue methylation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>DNA methylation data from peripheral blood leukocytes of AD patients and controls were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GSE59685 and GSE53740). Differential methylation analysis was performed for individual CpGs Differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and regions with multiple probes (DMRs) and the intersection analysis of DMPs and DMRs was conducted. Functional enrichment analysis highlights relevant biological processes. Furthermore, previously validated specific CpGs used as surrogate of brain tissue were explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DNA methylation patterns included <i>BTBD3</i>, <i>PGPEP1L</i>, <i>DUSP29</i>, and <i>MIB2</i> top genes ordered by statistical significance were found in the intersection of DMP and DMR. Differential methylation analyses revealed differentially methylated genes including <i>HOXA-AS3</i>, <i>HOXA6</i>, <i>CACNA1A</i>, <i>KMT5A</i>, <i>MIDEAS</i>, <i>FAM234A</i>, and <i>KATNBL1P6</i>. Gene enrichment analysis showed immune processes and intracellular signaling disruptions. Surrogate genes from brain found differentially methylated were <i>PCDHGB1-3</i> and <i>PCDHGA1-6</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identified DNA methylation patterns in peripheral blood leukocytes as potential biomarkers for AD. These findings offer insights into epigenetic mechanisms associated with systemic peripheral inflammation in AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823251341176"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between visual hallucinations and cognitive performance in Lewy body dementia and Alzheimer's disease: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Yaqi Yang, Fan Yang, Jinghuan Gan, Shuai Liu, Chen Wen, Lixin Liu, Tianjiao Ren, Jiarui Wang, Yong Ji","doi":"10.1177/25424823251339132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823251339132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Visual hallucinations (VH) are an important neuropsychiatric feature of dementia. The association between VH and cognition remains controversial.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the differences in clinical correlates of VH and explore the associations between VH and cognitive functional decline in individuals with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Alzheimer's disease (AD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Outpatient medical records of 154 patients with DLB and 297 patients with AD between January 2017 and December 2023 were reviewed. We collected demographic characteristics and used neuropsychological assessments and semi-structured detailed interviews to evaluate cognition and VH. Multiple linear regression and mediation analyses were employed to analyze the data, adjusting for confounding variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DLB patients had a higher prevalence of VH than AD patients (p < 0.01). The presence of VH predicted lower Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores in both DLB and AD patients (p < 0.01). In DLB patients, VH were associated with lower attention function scores after adjustment (p = 0.027). In AD patients, VH were related to worsened orientation ability after adjustment (p = 0.033). Attention function partially mediated the association between VH and cognition in DLB patients (p < 0.01), whereas orientation function partially mediated this association in AD patients (p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>VH may independently correlate with deterioration in global cognitive performance. In DLB patients with VH, attentional function appears to be more impaired, whereas in AD patients, orientation function is the most affected. Different cognitive domains may help distinguish between DLB and AD patients with VH.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823251339132"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12053050/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive impairment screening strategy to reduce the burden of Alzheimer's disease in Shanghai: A system dynamics approach.","authors":"Grace Yuange Zang, Keqin Rao, Anthony Ting-Yuk Wu, Yi Tang, Zongjiu Zhang","doi":"10.1177/25424823251337941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823251337941","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Population aging increases the economic burden of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Early screening for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has the potential to mitigate this burden, but optimal strategies regarding screening coverage and age targeting remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the impact of varying MCI screening coverage and age-specific screening strategies on the AD population size and the associated healthcare costs in Shanghai, using a system dynamics approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A system dynamics model was developed to evaluate disease population and economic costs associated with MCI and AD at different coverage levels and age groups. A cost-benefit comparison was conducted to identify the screening coverage rate and age threshold that maximize cost-effectiveness, balancing reductions in AD-related costs against increases in screening expenditures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increasing MCI screening coverage significantly reduced economic costs across the AD spectrum but also increased overall screening expenditures. Expanding screening to additional age groups produced similar effects. Cost-benefit analysis identified an optimal strategy: initiating screening at age 60 or 65 with 80% coverage, which achieves substantial cost savings while avoiding the diminishing returns and excessive expenditures associated with broader, less targeted screening approaches.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Strategically designed MCI screening can reduce the economic burden of AD, improve public health outcomes, and promote social well-being. To maximize societal benefit, screening scope must be balanced with cost. Policymakers and healthcare professionals should tailor strategies to local contexts and urgently adopt innovative technologies such as digital health and artificial intelligence-based solutions, to enhance accessibility and scalability of MCI screening strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823251337941"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12053055/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143999867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting the chemokine-microglia nexus: A novel strategy for modulating neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Bingyang Xu, Chao Tang, Rongshou Han, Chaomin Zhu, Yuxuan Yang, Heyi Li, Ning Wu, Dian He","doi":"10.1177/25424823251326044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823251326044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An increasing body of evidence suggests neuroinflammation has a prominent role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The amyloid-β-tau-neurodegeneration (ATN) classification system is now being expanded toward an amyloid-β-tau neurodegeneration-neuroinflammation (ATN(I)) system. Activated microglia and reactive astrocytes are the key hubs for neuroinflammation in AD, and chemokines are recognized as pivotal modulators of microglial innate immune functions. In this review, based on the chemokine-microglia regulatory axis, we elucidate the mechanisms through which chemokines influence microglial function, potentially modulating neurotoxicity or neuroprotection in AD. The key chemokines that significantly affect microglial polarization, such as CCL2, CCL3, and CXCL1, are summarized, and their role in disease progression are elaborated. Additionally, we explore prospective therapeutic interventions centered on the chemokine-microglia regulatory axis, offering valuable perspectives on pathobiology of AD and avenues for pharmacological advancements.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823251326044"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144013894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of prolonged high-concentration cortisol exposure on cognitive function and risk factors: Evidence from Cushing's disease patients.","authors":"Yuxiang Sun, Junpeng Xu, Xiaoque Zheng, Chunhui Li, Dongsheng Kong, Qijia Wu, Zihao Zhu, Shiyu Feng, Yanyang Zhang","doi":"10.1177/25424823251338161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823251338161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prolonged high-concentration cortisol exposure may impair cognitive function, but its mechanisms and risk factors remain unclear in humans.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Using Cushing's disease patients as a model, this study explores these effects and develops a predictive model to aid in managing high-risk patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-center retrospective study included 107 Cushing's disease patients (January 2020-January 2024) at the First Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital. Cognitive function, assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, revealed 58 patients with cognitive impairment and 49 with normal cognitive function. Patients were divided into training (n = 53) and validation cohorts (n = 54) for constructing and validating the predictive model. Risk factors were identified via univariate analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression, and a nomogram prediction model was developed. Performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cortisol AM/PM ratio, 8 a.m. cortisol concentration, body mass index, and fasting plasma glucose were significant risk factors for cognitive impairment. The nomogram demonstrated strong predictive ability, with ROC values of 0.80 (training) and 0.91 (validation). DCA indicated superior clinical utility compared to treating all or no patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study confirms the significant impact of prolonged high cortisol exposure on cognitive function and identifies key risk factors. The nomogram model offers robust performance, providing a valuable tool for managing Cushing's disease patients' cognitive health and informing strategies for other cortisol-related disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823251338161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12035109/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alzheimer's disease and the immune system: A comprehensive overview with a focus on B cells, humoral immunity, and immunotherapy.","authors":"Ladan Gol Mohammad Pour Afrakoti, Sanam Daneshpour Moghadam, Pezhman Hadinezhad","doi":"10.1177/25424823251329188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823251329188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder and the major cause of dementia. Amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and microglial dysregulation are key contributors to AD pathogenesis. Impairments in the blood-brain barrier have unveiled the contribution of the immune system, particularly B cells, in AD pathology. B cells, a crucial component of adaptive immunity, exhibit diverse functions, including antigen presentation and antibody production. While their role in neuroinflammatory disorders has been well-documented, their specific function in AD lacks adequate data. This review examines the dual role of the B cells and humoral immunity in modulating brain inflammation in AD and explores recent advancements in passive and active immunotherapeutic strategies targeting AD pathobiology. We summarize preclinical and clinical studies investigating B cell frequency, altered antibody levels, and their implications in neuroinflammation and immunotherapy. Notably, B cells demonstrate protective and pathological roles in AD, influencing neurodegeneration through antibody-mediated clearance of toxic aggregates and inflammatory activation inflammation. Passive immunotherapies targeting Aβ have shown potential in reducing amyloid plaques, while active immunotherapies are emerging as promising strategies, requiring further validation. Understanding the interplay between B cells, humoral immunity, microglia, and mitochondrial dysfunction is critical to unraveling AD pathogenesis. Their dual nature in disease progression underscores the need for precise therapeutic interventions to optimize immunotherapy outcomes and mitigate neuroinflammation effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823251329188"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12035277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of the Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale and INECO Frontal Screening for differentiating dementia subtypes between Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease dementia.","authors":"Gregory Brown, Diego Bustamante-Paytan, María Fe Albujar Pereira, Jose Huilca, Katherine Agüero, Graciet Verastegui, Zadith Yauri, Rosa Montesinos, Nilton Custodio","doi":"10.1177/25424823251335193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823251335193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Time to dementia diagnosis is a major barrier to effective care, particularly in resource-limited settings such as Latin America. Barriers to timely dementia diagnosis include the lack of access to comprehensive neuropsychological testing, cognitive specialists, and advanced diagnostic tools. Brief cognitive assessments, such as the Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) and INECO Frontal Screening (IFS) offer promise for diverse populations, and may help in specific dementia subtypes, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluates the efficacy of RUDAS and IFS in comparison to the Mini-Mental Status Exam (MMSE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 243 participants (70 normal cognition Controls, 62 PD with normal cognition, 46 PDD, and 75 AD) were recruited as part of an observational cross-sectional study at a cognitive clinic in Peru. Diagnosis was based on clinical criteria and confirmed with a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Participants underwent cognitive assessment using RUDAS, IFS, and MMSE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both RUDAS and IFS differentiated dementia from normal cognition groups with 100% specificity, compared to 53% for MMSE. The IFS identified early cognitive changes in PD (median score: PD = 24; Controls = 27, p < 0.001). RUDAS was particularly effective in distinguishing AD and PDD using the memory and visuospatial tasks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest that RUDAS and IFS can enable faster and clearer diagnoses for dementia subtypes, offering clinicians and community health workers practical tools to improve care in resource-limited settings where comprehensive evaluations are not always feasible.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823251335193"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12033470/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144044143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term safety and tolerability of brexpiprazole for Japanese patients with agitation in Alzheimer's disease dementia: A multicenter, open-label study.","authors":"Yu Nakamura, Jun Adachi, Naoki Hirota, Katsuhiro Iba, Koichi Shimizu, Masami Nakai, Naoki Mori, Kaneyoshi Takahashi","doi":"10.1177/25424823251334054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823251334054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The long-term safety and efficacy of brexpiprazole in Asian patients with agitation associated with dementia due to Alzheimer's disease are unknown.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the safety of 14-week treatment with brexpiprazole 1 or 2 mg/day in Japanese patients who completed the 10-week double-blind treatment period in a parent phase 2/3 study, and to explore the efficacy of brexpiprazole.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a phase 3 multicenter, open-label study (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03724942, registered on 28 October 2018). Patients who had completed 10-week treatment of placebo, 1 or 2 mg/day of brexpiprazole in a parent study were rolled over into this extended study. The primary endpoint was the frequency of adverse events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 183 patients with informed consent, 164 were treated with brexpiprazole 1 or 2 mg/day for 14 weeks (prior brexpiprazole subgroup: 102 patients, prior placebo subgroup: 62 patients), and the overall study completion rate was 71.3%. The overall incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events was 90.2% (in each subgroup, 90.2% and 90.3%, respectively). Most treatment-emergent adverse events were mild or moderate in severity, and no new safety signals were observed. Regarding the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory total score at Week 14 (last observation carried forward), the mean change from baseline (standard deviation) was -4.0 (9.8).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The extended 14-week treatment with brexpiprazole 1 or 2 mg/day after 10-week treatment was generally well tolerated in Japanese patients with agitation associated with dementia due to Alzheimer's disease, and the efficacy was maintained.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823251334054"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12033557/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship of ¹⁸F-FDG-PET to other common biomarkers of dementia in a clinical cohort with memory deficits.","authors":"Katharina Woyk, Niels Hansen, Jens Wiltfang, Claudia Lange, Caroline Bouter","doi":"10.1177/25424823251314392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823251314392","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early biomarker-based diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is essential, particularly with the increasing availability of new therapeutic options. However, the relationship between imaging and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers, especially in the context of ¹⁸Fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (¹⁸F-FDG-PET), remains insufficiently understood.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was the evaluation of the relationship between ¹⁸F-FDG-PET and other common fluid and imaging AD-biomarkers in a clinical cohort of patients with cognitive decline and suspected AD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included n = 90 patients with cognitive decline and clinically suspected AD that underwent ¹⁸F-FDG-PET imagining at our facility. Clinical and imaging data including patient characteristics, CSF biomarkers, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), ¹⁸F-FDG-PET and ¹⁸F-Florbetaben-PET were retrospectively analyzed. PET images were quantified in several brain regions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>¹⁸F-FDG uptake correlated with CSF amyloid-β (Aβ)₄₀, Aβ₄₂, and the Aβ_42/40 ratio in several brain regions, but not with regional ¹⁸F-Florbetaben uptake. ¹⁸F-FDG uptake inversely correlated with t-tau and p-tau in CSF. Furthermore, a correlation between MMSE and ¹⁸F-FDG uptake was also detected in several brain regions. ¹⁸F-FDG-PET and its combination with CSF markers showed the highest predictive power for disease severity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study highlights the potential of integrating ¹⁸F-FDG-PET with CSF biomarkers to improve the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of AD, emphasizing the complexity and regional specificity of biomarker interactions in neurodegeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823251314392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12033576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144052277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}