Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports最新文献

{"title":"Brain health in older adults: At the crossroads of frailty and resilience.","authors":"Mohammad Shahadat Hossain, Domenico Praticò","doi":"10.1177/25424823261493062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823261493062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brain health is a state of physiological functioning of the organ that allows individuals to fully achieve their age-related potential. Throughout life, a wide range of endogenous and exogenous factors can influence positively and negatively brain health. Among them, age is undoubtedly one of the most important, particularly for its effect on brain's cognitive functions. Pathological cognitive decline is characterized by anatomical changes in areas involved in memory, execution, and reasoning, which may result from various mechanisms such as mitochondrial dysfunction, altered proteostasis, and neuroinflammation. Clinically age-dependent pathologic cognitive decline initially manifests as mild cognitive impairment, which can then progress to full dementia. Dementia is a clinical syndrome with several possible underlying causes, of which Alzheimer's disease, pathologically defined by amyloid-β and tau accumulation, is the most frequent. Although the causes of dementia are unknown, two major classes of risk factors have been identified: unmodifiable and modifiable. Unmodifiable risk factors include age, gender, and genes such as apolipoprotein E4. Among the modifiable one's diet, smoking habit, physical inactivity, and social isolation. Importantly, these two classes of risk factors are not independent from each other but interact continuously to shape an individual's overall risk trajectory. Recent evidence suggests that up to 45% of dementia cases could be prevented or delayed by correcting these modifiable risk factors. To achieve this goal the four cardinal points of behavioral health, which include nutrition, exercise, socialization and wellness, should be implemented as a framework for brain health, healthy brain aging and cognitive resilience.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"25424823261493062"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149197736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical review of the foundational studies on chronic traumatic encephalopathy in American football players.","authors":"Ira R Casson, David C Viano","doi":"10.1177/25424823261489698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823261489698","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) was first reported in American football players twenty years ago and has generated ongoing discussion in the medical/scientific community.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purposes of this paper are twofold: (1) to critically analyze the methodology and evidence presented in the foundational articles on CTE, and (2) to trace the evolution of ideas about modern CTE in the seminal articles.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This narrative review critically analyzed the foundational, seminal studies on modern CTE. We selected 17 articles from the two main publishing groups to review, based upon our contemporaneous professional in depth familiarity with the subject matter and the high frequency with which the articles have been cited in the medical/scientific literature after publication. Each article was critically analyzed to determine whether the methodology and results supported the conclusions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The definition of, and diagnostic criteria for, modern CTE (twenty-first century, mostly American football players) have changed between 2005 and the present. Proposed etiologies have expanded beyond head trauma to include genetic and environmental factors. The clinical features associated with CTE neuropathology have narrowed. Modern CTE can now only be diagnosed by postmortem brain neuropathology. Aspects of the methodologies employed by researchers, such as the reliance on posthumously obtained clinical information from family members of the deceased, limit the reliability of some data. The evidence reported often does not support the assertions made by authors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The foundational studies do not provide conclusive evidence for the acceptance of modern CTE by the medical community.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"25424823261489698"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149198249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant intake relative to established dietary recommendations and cognitive status in older adults.","authors":"Kelly Knoll, Halli Heimbuch, Ryan McGrath, Megan Orr, Yeong Rhee","doi":"10.1177/25424823261487699","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25424823261487699","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oxidative stress, the imbalance of prooxidants and antioxidants, has been recognized as a contributor in the development of age-related cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease related dementias (AD/ADRD). Exogenous antioxidant intake may play a role in maintaining cognitive health during aging; however, few studies have examined cognitive status in relation to established antioxidant intake recommendations in older adults.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This cross-sectional study investigated cognitive status differences among older adults based on adequacy of dietary antioxidant intake.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants (n = 50, 71.5 ± 5.1 years old, 66% female) completed three-day food logs. Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) defined antioxidant adequacy for vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium (Se), while Adequate Intake determined antioxidant adequacy for manganese (Mn). The Saint Louis University Mental Status (SLUMS) examination categorized normal cognition, mild neurocognitive disorder, or dementia via 30-point scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences in mean SLUMS scores were observed between participants with adequate versus inadequate antioxidant intake; however, there were significant differences in cognitive status distribution by adequacy of vitamin C (p = 0.001), vitamin E (p = 0.024), Se (p = 0.018), Mn (p = 0.001), and all four combined (p = 0.002). A higher proportion of participants with inadequate intake had cognitive impairment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Antioxidant adequacy may be associated with clinically meaningful cognitive classification thresholds.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"25424823261487699"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149198431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence algorithms for the prediction of cognitive decline and dementia: A theoretical-historical narrative review.","authors":"Rubén Sanz-Blasco, Miguel Ángel Fernández-Blázquez, Emilio Verche, José Antonio Muñiz-Casado, Marina Ávila-Villanueva, José María Ruiz-Sánchez de León","doi":"10.1177/25424823261472106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823261472106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Population aging has increased the prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders associated with dementia, with Alzheimer's disease remaining the leading cause worldwide. Early identification of individuals at risk of cognitive decline, particularly those with mild cognitive impairment, remains a major clinical and scientific challenge. In this context, artificial intelligence has emerged as a promising framework for prognostic modeling and for the identification of clinically relevant predictors of disease onset and progression. This narrative review provides a theoretical and historical synthesis of the main machine learning and deep learning approaches used to predict cognitive decline and dementia from multimodal data, including biomarkers, clinical and demographic variables, cognitive measures, and neuroimaging markers. The review examines the methodological evolution of the field, from traditional statistical approaches to ensemble methods and deep neural architectures, and discusses the growing role of multimodal and longitudinal data integration. It also highlights major unresolved issues, including limited external validation, reduced interpretability, restricted generalizability, and the gap between predictive performance and clinical implementation. Overall, artificial intelligence has substantially advanced prediction research in cognitive decline and dementia, but its routine clinical adoption will depend on more rigorous validation, improved transparency, and stronger integration between neuroscience, clinical practice, and data science.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"25424823261472106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149198410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety, acceptability, and usability of an immersive gamification technology system for use in patients with behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (phase 1 trial).","authors":"Veeda Michelle M Anlacan, Roland Dominic G Jamora, Angelo Cedric F Panganiban, Bryan Andrei C Galecio, Michael L Tee, Maria Eliza R Aguila, Ben Anthony A Lopez, Christian Alfredo K Cruz, Juan Raphael M Gonzales, Isabel Teresa O Salido, Cherica A Tee, Jaime D L Caro","doi":"10.1177/25424823261476614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823261476614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Virtual reality (VR) is increasingly explored as a novel non-pharmacologic approach to manage Alzheimer's disease, particularly the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This phase 1 study aimed to develop an immersive gamification technology system (ImGTS) for the local context and describe its safety, acceptability, and usability among healthy adults prior to clinical deployment in patients with dementia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The ImGTS was tested on 30 healthy adults using a head-mounted display (HMD; n = 15) or a semi-cave automatic virtual environment (semi-CAVE; n = 15) across four testing sessions. Both qualitative and quantitative questionnaires were administered, with data analyzed through thematic analysis and descriptive statistics. Measures included sense of place, usability, and safety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants in both setups reported low VR sickness incidence (four out of 15 participants for both) with decreasing VR sickness questionnaire (VRSQ) scores across sessions (1.50 ± 3.96 to 0 for HMD and 0.78 ± 1.62 to 0 for semi-CAVE). Only mild, mostly oculomotor/disorientation symptoms and slight, transient general discomfort were observed in a minority of participants, using the HMD and semi-CAVE, respectively. Participants also articulated predominantly positive subjective descriptions, with reports of nostalgia and use of strong affective word choices. All participants completed key tasks with little difficulty. The three main activities received \"neutral to positive\" satisfaction ratings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, our findings indicate that both the HMD and semi-CAVE setups were safe, acceptable, and usable by healthy adult participants. These foundational results support the implementation of phase 2 trials to establish clinical efficacy and tolerability directly within the target population of older individuals living with dementia.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial id: </strong>NCT05265182.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"25424823261476614"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662354/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149198467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic value of baseline plasma p-tau217 for incident cognitive impairment in cognitively unimpaired cohorts: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Aasim Ali, Sara Jamil, Aswad Mustafa, Zainab Nabeel, Salman Riaz, Muhammad Ahmad Shahid, Muhammad Abdullah Ali, Muhammad Abdullah, Taha Mehmood, Armaghana Abdullah, Mukesh Kumar Sharma","doi":"10.1177/25424823261487920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823261487920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Plasma phosphorylated tau 217 (p-tau217) is an accessible biomarker of Alzheimer's disease pathology, but its longitudinal association with incident cognitive impairment in cognitively unimpaired adults remains uncertain.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To quantify the prognostic association between baseline plasma p-tau217 and subsequent incident cognitive impairment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six databases and two trial registries were searched through July 2026 for longitudinal studies enrolling cognitively unimpaired adults with baseline plasma or serum p-tau217 and subsequent mild cognitive impairment, dementia, composite cognitive impairment, or sustained Clinical Dementia Rating progression. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) per 1-SD higher p-tau217 were pooled using random-effects restricted maximum likelihood with Hartung-Knapp inference. Heterogeneity and 95% prediction intervals were estimated. A post hoc sensitivity analysis excluded WHIMS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six reports representing 16 cohorts were eligible; four reports contributed 13 independent cohort estimates comprising 6856 participants and 1939 events. Higher baseline p-tau217 was associated with greater hazard of incident cognitive impairment (HR 1.64, 95% CI 1.40-1.91; I² = 88.9%; τ² = 0.0424; 95% prediction interval 1.02-2.63). Excluding WHIMS, the association persisted across 12 cohorts and 4162 participants (HR 1.53, 95% CI 1.35-1.74; I² = 63.6%; prediction interval 1.13-2.09).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher baseline plasma p-tau217 is a prognostic factor for broadly defined incident cognitive impairment in cognitively unimpaired adults. However, substantial heterogeneity, clinically distinct outcome definitions, and limited independent reports preclude interpreting the pooled HR as Alzheimer-specific progression or individual-level predictive performance. Future studies should prioritize standardized outcomes, assay harmonization, and externally validated absolute-risk models. These findings support evaluation of p-tau217 within multivariable prognostic models and trial-enrichment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"25424823261487920"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149198377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nipah virus infection as a putative risk factor for Alzheimer's disease: A testable hypothesis.","authors":"Navakanth Raju Ramayanam, Sarad Pawar Naik Bukke, Badvel Jeevan Kumar, Nithin Vidiyala, Pavani Sunkishala, Chandrashekar Thalluri, Ananda Kumar Chettupalli","doi":"10.1177/25424823261490069","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25424823261490069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nipah virus is a neurotropic paramyxovirus known to cause severe acute encephalitis and delayed or relapsing neurological syndromes. Increasing evidence suggests that both systemic infections and central nervous system inflammation may act as contributors to, or accelerators of, Alzheimer's disease pathology. In this context, we propose that Nipah virus infection may confer long-term susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease through several converging mechanisms, including direct neuronal injury, sustained microglial activation mediated by Ephrin-B2/B3 receptor engagement, and persistent disruption of the blood-brain barrier. Clarifying this potential association would have important implications for long-term post-viral care and the broader infectious-disease framework for neurodegeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"25424823261490069"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Steroid-responsive inflammatory leptomeningeal encephalitis temporally associated with lecanemab therapy: A case report.","authors":"Yuichiro Tagane, Masahiro Nakamori, Marina Ishida, Saya Tsuchigauchi, Takamichi Sugimoto, Yu Yamazaki, Hirofumi Maruyama","doi":"10.1177/25424823261483284","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25424823261483284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lecanemab is an anti-amyloid-β monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of early Alzheimer's disease. Herein, we report a 46-year-old woman who developed headache, fever, disorientation, and impaired consciousness 10 months after starting lecanemab. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a small focal subcortical fluid-attenuated inversion recovery hyperintense lesion and bilateral occipital leptomeningeal enhancement without detectable hemorrhagic findings on T2*-weighted gradient-recalled echo imaging. Cerebrospinal fluid revealed mononuclear pleocytosis and markedly elevated interleukin-6. Infectious studies and neuronal surface antibodies were negative. High-dose corticosteroid therapy led to rapid clinical improvement. These findings support a diagnosis of steroid-responsive inflammatory leptomeningeal encephalitis temporally associated with lecanemab.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"25424823261483284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symptomatic lobar intracerebral hemorrhage during extended lecanemab treatment: A case report.","authors":"Yugo Takahashi, Naoyuki Shiraishi, Akihiro Tsukahara, Yukari Matsuda, Takuya Nishina, Hiroo Yoshikawa, Takashi Uzu, Etsuro Mori","doi":"10.1177/25424823261487915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823261487915","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lecanemab is an anti-amyloid-β protofibril antibody that slows cognitive decline in early Alzheimer's disease. Although amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) occur predominantly early in treatment, reports of hemorrhagic events during extended treatment beyond 18 months remain limited. A 77-year-old woman completed a standard 1.5-year lecanemab regimen without ARIA on surveillance MRIs. The day after her 42nd infusion, she acutely developed confusion and incomprehensible speech. MRI revealed a 2.5-cm left parietal subcortical hemorrhage. This case highlights that symptomatic lobar hemorrhage may occur even during extended lecanemab therapy, underscoring the importance of continued safety monitoring during extended treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"25424823261487915"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662352/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149197672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between occlusal support, salivary amyloid-β42 levels, and cognitive function in older adults: A cross-sectional pilot study.","authors":"Mariska Juanita, Bahruddin Talib, Acing Habibie Mude, Yukinori Maruo, Asmawati Amin, Wijoyo Halim","doi":"10.1177/25424823261478548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823261478548","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Recent studies have highlighted a possible oral-systemic connection between decreased oral function, particularly reduced occlusal support, and cognitive decline. However, studies examining the relationship between occlusal support and peripheral biomarkers such as salivary amyloid-β42 (Aβ₄₂) remain limited. <b>Objective:</b> This study examined the association between occlusal support and cognitive decline by analyzing salivary Aβ₄₂ levels in older adults. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study was conducted among 62 participants categorized by occlusal support using the Eichner Index. Meanwhile, cognitive function and daily living abilities were assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL). Salivary Aβ₄₂ levels were quantified using enzyme linked immunosorbent type assays. <b>Results:</b> Participants with reduced occlusal support exhibited lower MMSE and IADL scores, and higher salivary Aβ₄₂ levels (p < 0.05). Furthermore, salivary Aβ₄₂ concentrations increased across cognitive status categories and remained significant after adjustment for demographic, systemic, and oral health factors (ANCOVA p = 0.003). Multivariable regression identified unstimulated salivary flow rate as the strongest independent predictor of salivary Aβ₄₂ levels (β = -0.498, p < 0.001) <b>Conclusions:</b> Preserving occlusal support rather than solely focusing on replacing missing teeth may be relevant to cognitive health maintenance in older adults. These findings also support the potential role of salivary Aβ₄₂ as a non-invasive extracerebral biomarker of neurodegenerative disease, such as Alzheimer's disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"25424823261478548"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149198417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}