Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports最新文献

{"title":"Protective effect of chlorogenic acid on cognitive impairment in rats with early Alzheimer's disease via Wnt signaling pathway.","authors":"Lei Wang, Xuehua Wang, Liang Hou, Yingxue Liu, Jiangsheng Liu, Deqiang Zhang, Suyan Yao, Deyu Zheng","doi":"10.1177/25424823251315848","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25424823251315848","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chlorogenic acid (CGA) has neuroprotective properties associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the exact mechanism by which CGA prevents cognitive impairment in AD remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of CGA on cognitive impairment in rats with early AD via the Wnt signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the protective effect of CGA on cognitive impairment in an early AD rat model via the Wnt signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty male rats were randomly divided into the control group (CON), AD group (AD), CGA 100 groups and CGA 150 groups with 10 rats in each group. In addition to CON group, the other three groups of rats were injected with 10 μL Aβ_25-35 in the unilateral ventricle to create the model. After 3 days of molding, CGA100 group (gavage of CGA at a dose of 150 mg/kg/d) and CGA150 group (gavage of CGA at a dose of 150 mg/kg/d) were given CGA for 6 weeks. Morris water maze test, Nissl staining test, and western blot test were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CGA reduced the escape latency of Aβ_25-35-induced early AD rats, shortened the swimming distance, and extended the activity time of the target quadrant. CGA increased the number of Nissl, decreased the expression of inflammatory factors, decreased the expression levels of GSK-3β, GFAP, and tau, and increased the expression levels of DVL2 and β-catenin.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CGA can protect the cognitive impairment of early AD rats via Wnt signaling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823251315848"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864266/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alzheimer's disease (AD) in multiple sclerosis (MS): A systematic review of published cases, mechanistic links between AD and MS, and possible clinical evaluation of AD in MS.","authors":"Ross Cottrill, Anupa Ekanayake, Cooper Grove, Senal Peiris, Nicholas Corbett, Biyar Ahmed, Will Jens, Tim Brearly, Sangam Kanekar, Paul Eslinger, Qing Yang, Prasanna Karunanayaka","doi":"10.1177/25424823251316134","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25424823251316134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are two neurological disorders that can pose enormous burden to a person's quality of life. Due to new therapeutic advancements that significantly extend the lifespan, there may be an increased prevalence of AD in elderly MS patients. <b>Objective:</b> Building on a previous review on MS-AD coexistence, this review not only aimed to broaden the pool of literature searched, but also investigated possible mechanistic links between clinical markers for MS and AD. <b>Methods:</b> We searched for newly reported cases of coexisting MS and AD in PubMed, Clinical Key, BioMed Central, and Europe PubMed Central databases; and identified 101 new cases in addition to the previously reported 24 cases by Luczynski et al. (2019). The resulting 125 comorbid cases necessitated an evaluation of literature on the pathogenesis of MS and AD. <b>Results:</b> This review highlights many overlaps between AD and MS (for instance, the immune cell dysfunction, glymphatic dysfunction, genetics, environmental factors, and others). We critically evaluated clinical and laboratory metrics used to identify AD in MS patients (e.g., MRI, amyloid-β and tau protein identification, miRNA biomarker evaluation, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, vitamin levels, gut microbiota etc.). <b>Conclusions:</b> Future research should refine these diagnostic criteria and focus on enhancing screening and detection methods for AD in MS patients. Furthermore, one should also investigate the primary causes of the increased comorbidity between AD and MS.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823251316134"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Etiologies of rapidly progressive dementias: A systematic review and meta-analysis of causes in worldwide and Latin America.","authors":"Jonathan Fernando Cubas Guillen, Carolina Agata Ardohain Cristalli, Waleska Berrios, Florencia Deschle, Guido Dorman, Julian Fernandez Boccazzi, Ignacio Flores, Héctor Gastón Graviotto, Cristian Flavio Isaac, Galeno Rojas, Karen Daniela Román, Maria de la Paz Scribano Parada, Marcos Sorbara, Ricardo F Allegri, Ismael Luis Calandri","doi":"10.1177/25424823251314505","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25424823251314505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rapidly progressive dementia (RPD) is a group of neurological diseases, where three etiologies are particularly relevant: neurodegenerative, prion and autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) diseases.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the frequency of these etiologies causing RPD in worldwide and Latin America (LatAm).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted. A bibliographic search of publications related to the etiologies of RPD was done. The etiologies, the timeframe definition (<1 year versus <2 years) and the study's place of origin were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 10 articles were selected for the analysis in this study (n = 1006 patients). Three studies were originated in LatAm cohorts (two from Argentina and one from Brazil). The global prevalence of RPD due to neurodegenerative disease was 23% CI95% [11%; 42%]; prion diseases, 16% CI95% [9%; 28%]; and AIE, 12% CI95% [6%; 22%]. Comparing each overall proportion of etiologies of LatAm versus non-LatAm there were statistically significant differences for AIE (25% versus 8%, respectively, <i>p </i>< 0.01). In the case of timeframe definitions, the comparison of the etiological percentage did not show statistically significant differences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>From our results, approximately a half of the causes of RPD were due to neurodegenerative, prion, and AIE diseases. Future studies will be needed to analyze this issue both globally and regionally.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823251314505"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating barriers to dementia specialty care among vulnerable populations: Insight from a multidiscipline care navigation team.","authors":"Charles C Windon, Stephanie Pun, Mitchel Erickson, Ashley J Jackson, Hannah Ruben, Phil Smith, Heather Tirona-Bito, Nhat Bui, Angelo Tumaneng, Nida Degesys, James Hardy, Anna Harris, Katherine L Possin","doi":"10.1177/25424823241308456","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25424823241308456","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The emergency department evaluates many patients with undiagnosed cognitive impairment and presents an opportune setting to facilitate early detection and referral to memory care specialists. We evaluated a novel care navigation pathway that facilitated referrals of ethnoculturally diverse individuals with suspected cognitive impairment from geriatric professionals embedded in the emergency department to dementia specialist care. We compared rates of referrals and successful appointment attendance for patients in this pathway compared to patients in a traditional primary care provider referral pathway. The care navigation team successfully identified and mitigated multiple barriers to accessing dementia specialist care, thereby increasing access.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823241308456"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864254/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterogeneous treatment effects of BCG vaccine on Alzheimer's disease risk.","authors":"Irfan Chaudhuri, Sudeshna Das","doi":"10.1177/25424823251317955","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25424823251317955","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This project has investigated the role of the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine as a potential treatment against Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADRD).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To further establish that BCG treatment results in lower risk of ADRD through novel machine learning methods and to analyze the heterogeneity of treatment effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study was conducted from May 28, 1987 to May 6, 2021, in patients who were 50 years or older and were diagnosed with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Follow-up duration was 15-years. Machine learning algorithms using survival analysis and the random forest algorithm were the primary methods of data analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The research has found that on average, NMIBC patients who received BCG treatment had a 6.9% (95% CI: 0.43%, 13.4%) lower risk of developing ADRD compared to those who did not. Heterogeneous treatment effects were also detected for those with a history of mental health disorders and also for those with a history of respiratory diseases. Those with mental health disorders were at a 14.7% (95% CI: 0.6%, 28.9%) reduced risk of ADRD if they received BCG treatment compared to no BCG treatment. Additionally, those taking BCG with respiratory diseases increased risk of ADRD by 13.6% (95% CI: 1.1%, 26.1%) compared to those with no BCG treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>BCG is associated with a lower risk of ADRD through novel analysis methods and has detected heterogeneity of treatment effects. This presents BCG as a potential low-cost method, with few side-effects, to prevent ADRD.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823251317955"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864241/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-specific effects of dietary salt intake on circulating Alzheimer's disease-related biomarkers in aged rats.","authors":"Fen Sun, Qiu-Xiang Wang, Lu-Ping Zhao, Qi Jin, Shi-Han Jin, Jun-Tao Xu, Meng-Jia Yin, Chao Jin, Jing-Hua Wang","doi":"10.1177/25424823251315388","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25424823251315388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study collected plasma samples from aged male and female Sprague Dawley rats (22-24 months old) with varying long-term dietary salt intake (low, 0.1% NaCl; normal, 0.4% NaCl; or clinically relevant high salt, 1% NaCl; for twelve weeks). Dementia-related biomarkers in the plasma, including amyloid-β peptide 1-42, tau protein, and glial fibrillary acidic protein, were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. The primary outcome revealed sex differences in the impact of dietary salt on these biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823251315388"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to \"Identifying shared diagnostic genes and mechanisms in vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease via bioinformatics and machine learning\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/25424823241313256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823241313256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1177/25424823241289804.].</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823241313256"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between levels of physical activity, adherence to the MIND diet, and cognitive impairment in adults aged 65 years or older in Pakistan.","authors":"Binish Islam, Tianjiao Li, Tasiu Ibrahim Ibrahim, Dan Yang, Hanxiao Lv, Qian Zhang, Mengying Xu, Goudja Gassara, Jianwu Wang","doi":"10.1177/25424823241290132","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25424823241290132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In contrast to existing evidence focusing on high-income countries, this study offers novel insights into the demographic and geographical context that have yet to be explored in the existing literature. Comparatively, in Pakistan, cognitive impairment is one of the neglected disorders that can develop into dementia and Alzheimer's disease. As no treatment is available, lifestyle modifications are a valid intervention for cognitive health.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the relationship between physical functionality, adherence to the Mediterranean-DASH diet Intervention for Neurological Delay (MIND), and cognitive impairment among elderly individuals in Pakistan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From January to June 2023, this cross-sectional study recruited 462 participants aged 65 and above. We used proven tools in gerontological research, such as the MIND diet quiz and Quick Physical Activity Rating scale (QPAR), to evaluate diet and physical activity levels. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis revealed that 26.40% of the participants had mild cognitive impairment, whereas 48.50% demonstrated low adherence to the MIND diet. The mean QPAR score was 20.51 ± 18.77. A significant association was found between lower physical activity levels and increased cognitive impairment (adjusted odds ratio 9.94, confidence interval (CI): 6.07-16.27). Additionally, higher adherence to the MIND diet correlated with reduced cognitive impairment (odds ratio 0.29, CI: 0.18-0.46).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings highlight the critical role of diet and physical activity in cognitive health among the elderly population. The study emphasizes the need for targeted public health interventions and further longitudinal research to explore the long-term effects of these factors on cognitive health.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823241290132"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sentiment analysis of social media responses to the approval of lecanemab for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease in Japan.","authors":"Kenichiro Sato, Yoshiki Niimi, Ryoko Ihara, Atsushi Iwata, Kiyotaka Nemoto, Tetsuaki Arai, Shinji Higashi, Ataru Igarashi, Kensaku Kasuga, Takeshi Iwatsubo","doi":"10.1177/25424823241307639","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25424823241307639","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lecanemab, an anti-amyloid therapy for early Alzheimer's disease, received approval by the FDA and Japan in 2023. Public response on social media was scrutinized, aiming to obtain insights into communication and treatment development. For 478 posts from X and Facebook, their sentiments on efficacy, safety, societal significance, and overall lecanemab impression were assessed by GPT-4 and the authors. Results indicated impressions were 43.7% negative, 26.6% neutral, and 29.7% positive. Social significance concerns dominated negative views. Specific attitude patterns were observed in the overall impression to lecanemab's approval. These insights highlight the need for targeted communication and research on anti-amyloid therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823241307639"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of mid-life cardiovascular risk with biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease, neurodegeneration, and white matter hyperintensities: Heart SCORE brain study.","authors":"Anum Saeed, Yuefang Chang, Justin Swanson, Michael Vu, Mark Mapstone, Victor L Villemagne, Beth E Snitz, Sarah K Royse, Hongtian Wang, Brian Lopresti, Howard J Aizenstein, Minjie Wu, Kevin Kip, Steven E Reis, Oscar Lopez, Ann Cohen","doi":"10.1177/25424823241299297","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25424823241299297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk factors in mid-life are associated with cognitive decline and late-life dementia. However, the role of these risk factors in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology remains elusive.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We investigated the association of mid-life 10-year ASCVD risk with late-life amyloid, tau, neurodegeneration [AT(N)] measures and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants enrolled in the Heart Strategies Concentrating on Risk Evaluation (Heart SCORE) study between 2003-2005 (mid-life) and underwent brain MRI and PET scans in 2018-2022 (age >65 years, late-life) to detect and quantify amyloid (A, PiB-PET) and tau (T, Flortaucipir (FTP) PET) deposition, cortical thickness (N) and WMHs. Mid-life ASCVD risk was categorized as; borderline (5%-7.4%), intermediate (7.5%-<15%), or high (≥15%). Association of mid-life ASCVD risk HR (95% CI) was assessed using logistic and linear regressions with A, T, or N and chi square beta coefficients for WMH in late life.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over a ∼16 years follow up, in 135 participants (mean age 73 years), mid-life ASCVD risk categories had a graded association with neurodegeneration (OR_{ASCVD high vs low risk%} 6.98 [2.44-19.95]; p < 0.05) driven primarily by self-identified Black race and age, while none with A and T. ASCVD risk score was also associated with WMHs ((β=0.42 ± 0.22; p = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this asymptomatic, diverse cohort, 10-year ASCVD risk was predictive of late-life neurodegeneration and WMHs but not amyloid or tau. Further mechanistic studies can elucidate whether midlife ASCVD risk factors associated neurodegeneration initiates brain vulnerability leading to AD in late life.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"9 ","pages":"25424823241299297"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864267/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}