Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science最新文献_第8页

Research Progress on the Separation of Alkaloids from Chinese Medicines by Column Chromatography 柱层析法分离中药生物碱的研究进展

Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science Pub Date : 2020-09-02 DOI: 10.4236/aces.2020.104023

Ya-Yuan He, Zhaozeng Chen, Hai-bin Qu, Xingchu Gong

引用次数: 1

Simulation of a Plant for the Production of Polyethylene 聚乙烯生产装置的模拟

Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science Pub Date : 2020-09-02 DOI: 10.4236/aces.2020.104026

Emiowele Preye, J. G. Akpa, P. Ikenyiri

{"title":"Simulation of a Plant for the Production of Polyethylene","authors":"Emiowele Preye, J. G. Akpa, P. Ikenyiri","doi":"10.4236/aces.2020.104026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aces.2020.104026","url":null,"abstract":"The simulation of a 270 KTA capacity polyethylene plant was performed using Aspen Hysys version 8.8. A Hysys model of the polyethylene was developed using the polyethylene plant layout of Indorama Eleme Petrochemical Company. A material and energy balance for the various components of the plant was performed manually and with Hysys for comparison. The design of the various components of the Hysys model was performed. The polyethylene reactor was simulated to study the effect of process functional parameters such as reactor dimensions, temperature and pressure. The effect of reactor size and number on polyethylene output was studied by simulating the plant with five continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) in series and a single reactor. The results of the material and energy balance of the various components of the plant were performed manually and with Hysys which showed a maximum deviation of 0.8%. The design results of the sizing parameters for the Multiple and single CSTRs were compared in terms of Volume, Diameter, Height, Spacetime, Space Velocity, and Volumetric flowrate respectively. At 90% Conversion, the multiple CSTRs gave 600 dm3, 0.7668 m, 1.198 m, 0.052 hr, 195.83 hr-1, and 117.5 m3/h for the above listed parameters, while the single CSTR gave 6000 dm3, 1.721 m, 2.581 m, 0.056 hr, 17.867 hr-1 and 107.2 m3/h for the same conversion. The sizing results for each of the five compressors were also compared in terms of the following parameters: Adiabatic Head, Polytropic Head, Adiabatic fluid Head, polytropic Fluid Head, Adiabatic Efficiency, power consumed, polytropic head factor, polytropic exponent and isentropic exponent. The effect of reactor size and number showed that At 90% conversion the multiple CSTRS in series gave a lower volume than the single CSTR for the same conversion, and more Economical than the single CSTR for the same conversion.","PeriodicalId":7332,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78381218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydrogen Production Performances via Steam Reforming over Hydrotalcite Derived Catalyst: A Sustainable Energy Production Review 基于水滑石衍生催化剂的蒸汽重整制氢性能:可持续能源生产综述

Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science Pub Date : 2020-09-02 DOI: 10.4236/aces.2020.104018

M. A. Salam, T. Hossain, N. Papri, K. Ahmed, M. S. Habib, M. S. Uddin, R. Wilckens

引用次数: 2

Gas Flare Design Debottlenecking Using Pinch Analysis 气火炬设计与掐点分析

Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science Pub Date : 2020-09-02 DOI: 10.4236/aces.2020.104019

Lawrence Leelabari Pemii, K. Dagde, T. O. Goodhead

{"title":"Gas Flare Design Debottlenecking Using Pinch Analysis","authors":"Lawrence Leelabari Pemii, K. Dagde, T. O. Goodhead","doi":"10.4236/aces.2020.104019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aces.2020.104019","url":null,"abstract":"Gas flaring is concerned with the combustion of lighter ends of \u0000hydrocarbon mostly produced in association with crude oil. Flare networks are \u0000designed to handle the gas volume required to be flared. Most times, this flare \u0000networks are in close proximity but still have independent flare stacks, increasing \u0000risk to environment and cost on infrastructures. There is a need to integrate \u0000the flare networks in facilities within same area and through the application \u0000of Pinch Analysis concept, the resultant flare network can be optimized to give \u0000a system having optimal tail and header pipe sizes that will reduce cost and \u0000impact on environment. In the light of the \u0000foregoing, the concept of pinch analysis \u0000was used in debottlenecking integrated gas flare networks from a flow \u0000station and a refinery in close proximity. Both flare networks were integrated \u0000and the resultant gas flare network was optimized to obtain the optimum pipe \u0000header and tail pipe sizes with the capacity to withstand the inventory from \u0000both facilities and satisfy the set constraints such as Mach number, noise, \u0000RhoV2 and backpressure. Mach number was set at 0.7 for tail pipes \u0000and 0.5 for header pipes, noise limit was not to exceed 80 dB upstream and 115 dB \u0000downstream the sources, RhoV2 was limited to 6000 kg/m/s2 and the back pressure requirement was source \u0000dependent respectively. The fire case scenario was considered, as it is the \u0000worst-case scenario in the studies. When pinch analysis was applied in \u0000debottlenecking the combined gas flare network, it gave smaller tail and header pipe sizes which is more economical. A 20% \u0000decrease in pipe sizes was recorded at the end of the study.","PeriodicalId":7332,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84268755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Synthesis of Zeolite X from Locally Sourced Kaolin Clay from Kono-Boue and Chokocho, Rivers State, Nigeria 用尼日利亚河州科诺布埃和乔科乔当地高岭土合成X型沸石

Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science Pub Date : 2020-09-02 DOI: 10.4236/aces.2020.104025

Victor Peter Maciver, K. Dagde, J. Konne

{"title":"Synthesis of Zeolite X from Locally Sourced Kaolin Clay from Kono-Boue and Chokocho, Rivers State, Nigeria","authors":"Victor Peter Maciver, K. Dagde, J. Konne","doi":"10.4236/aces.2020.104025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aces.2020.104025","url":null,"abstract":"This work describes the development of a process to produce zeolite X from mined kaolin clay from Kono-Boue and Chokocho, Rivers State, Nigeria. The procedures involved the beneficiation of the raw kaolin and calcinations at 850°C, to transform the kaolin to a more reactive metakaolin. Afterwards, the extremely reactive metakaolin was purge with sulphuric acid to obtain the much needed silica-alumina ratio for zeolite X synthesis. An alkaline fusion stage was then carried out to transform the metakaolin into zeolite by mixing with aqueous NaOH to form gel then allowed to stay for a duration of seven days at room temperature. The samples were then charged into a propylene container and placed in an oven at a temperature of 100°C for the reaction to take place for 6 h. Identification of the crystalline phases by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), chemical/elemental compositions by X-ray Fluorescence (XRF)/Energy Dispersive Spectroscopic analyses (EDS), surface morphology by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and molecular vibration of units by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometry (FT-IR) were done. The results showed that the zeolite synthesized from Chokocho kaolin (CK) was more crystalline/larger with sharper peaks on both XRD and FTIR than that from Kono-Boue. This was also supported by slightly rougher surface morphology of CK over KK on SEM. XRF Si:Al ratios of 10.73 and 14.36 were obtained for KK and CK respectively. EDS results supported the XRF ratios. Sharper zeolitic characteristic O-H stretching bands at 3488 and 3755 cm-1 were recorded for CK than KK. However, both results showed that zeolite X have been produced from both Kono-Boue and Chokocho kaolin clays respectively.","PeriodicalId":7332,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84624633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Synthesis and Evaluation of Corrosion Inhibiting Activity of New Molecular Hybrids Containing the Morpholine, 1,4-Naphthoquinone, 7-Chloroquinoline and 1,3,5-Triazine Cores 含Morpholine、1,4-萘醌、7-氯喹啉和1,3,5-三嗪核心的新型分子杂化物的合成及缓蚀活性评价

Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science Pub Date : 2020-09-02 DOI: 10.4236/aces.2020.104024

R. Westphal, J. L. Pina, J. P. Franco, J. Ribeiro, Maicon Delarmelina, R. Fiorot, J. Carneiro, S. Greco

引用次数: 3

Simulation of a Process Plant for the Production of Propylene 丙烯生产工艺装置的模拟

Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science Pub Date : 2020-09-02 DOI: 10.4236/aces.2020.104020

A. Blessing, K. Dagde, J. G. Akpa

{"title":"Simulation of a Process Plant for the Production of Propylene","authors":"A. Blessing, K. Dagde, J. G. Akpa","doi":"10.4236/aces.2020.104020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aces.2020.104020","url":null,"abstract":"The simulation of a process plant for the production of propylene has been considered in this work. The reactor used for this research was a Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) which was deliberately picked because of the advantage of good temperature and reaction control. Other equipment includes a compressor, conversion reactor, cooler and splitter. Sizing was done for all equipment but detailed design was carried out for the CSTR since it’s the heart of the process plant. The principle of conservation of mass was applied for the development of basic design performance equations for the volume, the height, space time, space velocity and heat generated per unit volume at 90% conversion of propane to propylene. Aspen Hysys which is known for its reliability in chemical engineering process design was used to simulate the process plant and was used for all calculations and sizing of process equipment. The values of the functional and dimensional parameters which are required for the sizing of the reactor were obtained after the simulation with the following results: volume of reactor 37 m3, height of reactor 7.4 m, space time 0.028 hr, space velocity 59 hr-1 and heat load 78 kj/m3.","PeriodicalId":7332,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science","volume":"17 1","pages":"322-331"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75269607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modeling and Control of a Biodiesel Transesterification Reactor 生物柴油酯交换反应器的建模与控制

Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science Pub Date : 2020-05-13 DOI: 10.4236/aces.2020.103016

Tombomieye Adokiye, Akpa Jackson Gunorubon, Dagde Kenneth Kenkugile

{"title":"Modeling and Control of a Biodiesel Transesterification Reactor","authors":"Tombomieye Adokiye, Akpa Jackson Gunorubon, Dagde Kenneth Kenkugile","doi":"10.4236/aces.2020.103016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aces.2020.103016","url":null,"abstract":"Dynamic Models for predicting the concentration profiles of the reactants and product in a Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor for the transesterification of used cooking oil (triglyceride) to biodiesel has been developed using the principle of conservation of mass. The developed system of differential equations were integrated numerically using fourth order Runge-Kutta algorithm embedded in ode 45 solver of 7.5 Mathlab program. The models were validated by solving the model equations with kinetic data and other relevant data from literatures. The results and trends were similar and in agreement with those from these literatures. Simulations of the reactor to (±) step changes in the inlet flowrates of the reactants (used cooking oil and methanol) showed great effect on biodiesel production, (instability—oscillations and reduction in output concentration of biodiesel). A feedback control strategy was developed with a Proportional-Integral (PI) Controller and a close loop model was developed for control studies. The closed loop response of the reactor output (biodiesel concentration) showed continuous oscillatory response with offset. Hence the controller parameters (proportional gain Kc and integral time ) were tuned using the “On-Line Trial and Error Method” implemented using MathLab Simulink to obtain optimum values that ensured quick stability of the closed-loop system, reduced or no oscillatory response and no offset. The optimum controller parameters were: proportional gain Kc ＝8.306 and integral time = 17.157 minutes.","PeriodicalId":7332,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79194459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Optimization of Crude Distillation Unit Case Study of the Port Harcourt Refining Company 原油蒸馏装置优化——以哈科特港炼油公司为例

Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science Pub Date : 2020-05-13 DOI: 10.4236/aces.2020.103009

Zina Jaja, J. G. Akpa, K. Dagde

{"title":"Optimization of Crude Distillation Unit Case Study of the Port Harcourt Refining Company","authors":"Zina Jaja, J. G. Akpa, K. Dagde","doi":"10.4236/aces.2020.103009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aces.2020.103009","url":null,"abstract":"An HYSYS model for the crude distillation unit of the Port Harcourt Refining Company has been developed. The HYSYS model developed includes 3 mixers, 3 heaters, 1 heat exchanger, 1 desalter (3-phase separator), 2-phase separator and the main fractionating column. The raw crude was characterized using Aspen HYSYS version 8.8 and the developed model was simulated with the industrial plant data from the Port Harcourt Refining Company. The HYSYS model gave component mole fractions of 0.2677, 0.1572, 0.2687, 0.0547, 0.2517 for Naphtha, Kerosene, Light Diesel Oil (LDO), Heavy Diesel Oil (HDO) and Atmospheric Residue and when compared to plant mole fractions of 0.2710, 0.1560, 0.2650, 0.0530, 0.2550 gave a maximum deviation of 3.2%. The HYSYS model was also able to predict the temperature and the tray of withdrawal for Naphtha, Kerosene, Light Diesel Oil (LDO), Heavy Diesel Oil (HDO) and Atmospheric Residue as follows: tray 1 (120°C), tray 12 (206°C), tray 25 (215°C), tray 35 (310°C) and tray 48 (320°C) which was also compared with plant data and gave a maximum deviation 23.2%. The HYSYS model was then optimized using Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP) with the industrial plant data as starting values of operating conditions. The optimization increased the mass flow rate of Naphtha product from 7.512E+004 kg/hr to 7.656E+004 kg/hr, Kerosene product from 5.183E+004 kg/hr to 5.239E+004 kg/hr, Light Diesel Oil (LDO) product from 1.105E+005 kg/hr to 1.112E+005 kg/hr, Heavy Diesel Oil (HDO) from 2.969E+004 kg/hr to 2.977E+004 kg/hr while the last product being Atm Residue remained at 3.157E+005 kg/hr. The new optimum mole fraction values for the five products were as follows: 0.2713, 0.1540, 0.2635, 0.0528, and 0.2584 while corresponding optimum temperature values were as follows: 129°C, 221°C, 257°C, 317°C and 327°C.","PeriodicalId":7332,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77308000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Kinetic Modelling of the Influence of H2S on Dibenzothiophene Hydrodesulfurization in a Batch System over Nano-MoS2 H2S对纳米二硫化钼间歇体系中二苯并噻吩加氢脱硫影响的动力学模拟

Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science Pub Date : 2020-05-13 DOI: 10.4236/aces.2020.103010

Hamdy Farag, A. A. El-Hendawy, M. Kishida

引用次数: 1