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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2377(21)00032-6

引用次数: 0

Batch CGTase Production with Free and Immobilized Bacillus firmus Strain 37 in Bovine Bone Charcoal 游离和固定化硬芽孢杆菌37在牛骨炭中批量生产CGTase

Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/ACES.2021.111007

Larissa A.M. Silva, G. Matioli, G. Zanin, F. F. Moraes

引用次数: 2

The Role of Enthalpy of Reaction in the Process of Global Warming: What Can We Learn from Basic Thermodynamics* 反应焓在全球变暖过程中的作用:从基础热力学中学到什么

Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/ACES.2021.111006

W. Vogelsberger

{"title":"The Role of Enthalpy of Reaction in the Process of Global Warming: What Can We Learn from Basic Thermodynamics*","authors":"W. Vogelsberger","doi":"10.4236/ACES.2021.111006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ACES.2021.111006","url":null,"abstract":"An increase of carbon dioxide content accompanied by an increase of the temperature is observed in the atmosphere during the last 200 years. This behaviour can be explained by examination of correlations between tree generally accepted data sets of the recent past, world population, carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere, and rise of global temperature as function of time. No return to climate situations from hundred thousand of years before present is necessary. The world climate is a dynamic equilibrium between all energy generating processes on earth, especially sun energy, and the radiation of energy into space. Since approx. 200 years the dynamic equilibrium is changed additionally by means of fossil energy carriers, whose depots were put on in passed geological epochs, a climatic disturbance was produced. It is shown that the consumption of energy per year by the mankind can warm up the atmosphere by about one degree. This quantity cannot be neglected in climatic calculations; therefore it is the cause of mankind made warming of the atmosphere. The qualitative analyses presented here have shown that the use of so-called renewable energy sources does not necessarily lead to the avoidance of global warming. It can be expected that some techniques will have no or even small effect. Especially the model calculations to the operation of wind turbines and its influence on the temperature of the atmosphere show that it is difficult to estimate their influence and cannot be foreknown.","PeriodicalId":7332,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82153702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Concentrating collector systems for solar thermal and thermochemical applications 太阳能热和热化学应用的聚光集热器系统

Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ache.2021.10.001

Lifeng Li, Bo Wang, Roman Bader, Thomas A. Cooper, Wojciech Lipiński

引用次数: 11

Assessment of the Integrity and Retention of Chromium (VI) in Portland Cement Pastes 硅酸盐水泥浆中铬(VI)的完整性和滞留性评价

Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/aces.2021.111001

Ferreira Raul Tadeu Lobato, F. D. Batista, Amorim Kelly Aparecida da Encarnação, Lira Fernanda Silva, S. Pereira, Wagner Batista dos Santos

{"title":"Assessment of the Integrity and Retention of Chromium (VI) in Portland Cement Pastes","authors":"Ferreira Raul Tadeu Lobato, F. D. Batista, Amorim Kelly Aparecida da Encarnação, Lira Fernanda Silva, S. Pereira, Wagner Batista dos Santos","doi":"10.4236/aces.2021.111001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aces.2021.111001","url":null,"abstract":"Chromium is a heavy metal used for various applications such as in the manufacture of stainless steels, in chemicals for wood treatment, in tanneries, and in the refractory industry. The main problem associated with the use of chromium in these activities is the considerable volume of contaminated effluent that requires treatment, mainly due to its high mobility and toxicity in its hexavalent form. Immobilization methods arise as an efficient solution for the treatment of these wastes through converting them into inert and stable materials. The present paper aims to investigate Portland cement II’s paste properties with potassium dichromate addition in order to verify the chromium immobilization process. Analyses of moisture content, water absorption, axial compressive strength, and solubilization were done in samples at 7 and 28 days with 0%; 0.5%; 1.05; 1.5%; 2.0% and 2.5% potassium dichromate addition. The results showed the influence of this salt in cement hydration reactions, damaging the mechanical behavior and the water absorption capability of the material produced. In the solubilization test, all compositions had >99% efficiency of chromium immobilization in both ages of hydration, thus demonstrating the capability of a cementitious matrix to stabilize this metal.","PeriodicalId":7332,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73080499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Chemical Plant Design for the Conversion of Plastic Waste to Liquid Fuel 废塑料转化为液体燃料的化工厂设计

Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/ACES.2021.113015

Yusif Rhule Sam, Lawrence Darkwah, D. K. Allotey, Adjei Domfeh, M. A. Rockson, E. K. Baah-Ennumh

{"title":"Chemical Plant Design for the Conversion of Plastic Waste to Liquid Fuel","authors":"Yusif Rhule Sam, Lawrence Darkwah, D. K. Allotey, Adjei Domfeh, M. A. Rockson, E. K. Baah-Ennumh","doi":"10.4236/ACES.2021.113015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ACES.2021.113015","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the plant design for fuel production from plastic waste. The types of plastics to be used for the fuel production include polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene. All these materials are to be sourced from Kpone landfill site in Accra, Ghana, where the plant is to be situated. The major fuels produced are gasoline, diesel and kerosene with a plant capacity of approximately 1000 tons of plastic waste per day and its attainment is 95%. The production process involves sorting the municipal solid waste to obtain suitable plastics. The plastics are extruded and cracked thermally in a Pyrolyzer and the gases from it are reformed over Zeolite-ZSM 5 as the catalyst in a reactor. Resulting vapours are fractionated in a column to obtain the various fuel components. The plant operates 24 hours/day and 347 days/year with 3 shifts per day of 8 hours per shift. Total capital required to build and start up the plant amounts to approximately 17 Million US Dollars. The plant life is 25 years with an annual rate of return of 34% and a payback period of 2.9 years for this project, after setting up. Annually, the plant would generate gross and net profits of approximately 9 Million US Dollars and 6.7 Million US Dollars respectively.","PeriodicalId":7332,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73125579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Fundamentals of solar thermochemical gas splitting materials 太阳能热化学气体裂解材料的基本原理

Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ache.2021.10.006

A. Bayon, Jayni Hashimoto, C. Muhich

引用次数: 3

Solar Thermochemistry 太阳能热化学

Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2377(21)x0003-8

引用次数: 3

Extraction and Separation Factor for Lanthanum(III) and Cerium(III) Complexes from Aqueous Medium Using Ionic Liquid and Kerosene 离子液体和煤油萃取分离水溶液中镧(III)和铈(III)配合物的因素

Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science Pub Date : 2020-09-18 DOI: 10.4236/aces.2020.104022

Angelica Quintriqueo, J. Romero, E. Quijada-Maldonado, E. Bringas, F. Olea, José A. Hernández

{"title":"Extraction and Separation Factor for Lanthanum(III) and Cerium(III) Complexes from Aqueous Medium Using Ionic Liquid and Kerosene","authors":"Angelica Quintriqueo, J. Romero, E. Quijada-Maldonado, E. Bringas, F. Olea, José A. Hernández","doi":"10.4236/aces.2020.104022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aces.2020.104022","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, an experimental study was carried out to find the best-operating conditions for the study of the extraction percentage (%E) and the separation factor (SF) of La(III) and Ce(III) complexes. To carry out this study, a variation of β-diketone concentrations was used, keeping the concentration of tri-octyl phosphine oxide (TOPO) continuous at 0.05 M. The ratio of organic phase to the aqueous phase (O/A) was also studied. The %E and SF were analyzed and compared in the 1,1,1-trifluoro-2, 4-pentanedione (TFA) with TOPO, and 1,1,1,5,5,5-Hexafluoro-2,4-pentanedione (HFAc) with TOPO in Ionic Liquid (IL) and Kerosene. The one-stage extraction efficiency in IL of La(III) and Ce(III) complexes was 42.13% and 77.48% for the TFA-TOPO system and La(III) and Ce(III) complexes were 94.33% and 97.67% for the HFAc-TOPO system. While the SF between Ce(III) and La(III) complexes was 4.91 for TFA-TOPO and 2.64 for HFAc-TOPO. On the other hand, the one-stage extraction efficiency in Kerosene of La(III) and Ce(III) complexes was 27.57% and 63.70% in the TFA-TOPO system. The one-stage extraction efficiency of La(III) and Ce(III) complexes were 99.87% and 99.73% for the HFAc-TOPO system in Kerosene while the SF between Ce(III) and La(III) complexes was 4.62 for TFA-TOPO and 0.49 for HFAc-TOPO. The main conclusion was that using two extractants (β-diketone and TOPO) produced a synergistic effect improving the extraction capacity and SF of La(III) and Ce(III) complexes for both systems in IL and Kerosene.","PeriodicalId":7332,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science","volume":"11 1","pages":"343-357"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89784492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Utilization of Oil Properties to Develop a Spreading Rate Regression Model for Nigerian Crude Oil 利用石油性质建立尼日利亚原油扩张率回归模型

Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science Pub Date : 2020-09-02 DOI: 10.4236/aces.2020.104021

A. Olugbenga, M. Yahya, M. U. Garba, A. Mohammed

{"title":"Utilization of Oil Properties to Develop a Spreading Rate Regression Model for Nigerian Crude Oil","authors":"A. Olugbenga, M. Yahya, M. U. Garba, A. Mohammed","doi":"10.4236/aces.2020.104021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/aces.2020.104021","url":null,"abstract":"The target of this study is to develop a spreading rate regression model capable of predicting rate of spread of Nigerian crude oil spills on water. The major factors responsible for spreading rate of crude oil on water were considered, namely surface tension, viscosity, and specific gravity/American Petroleum Institute degree (0API), all at specified temperature values. The surface tension, viscosity and density parameters were interactively measured under controlled factorial analysis. The spreading rate of each crude oil was determined by artificially spilling them on laboratory calm/stagnant water in a rectangular tank and their averages were also computed. These averages were used to develop a regression model equation for spreading rate. The model developed indicated that an average spreading rate was 3.3528 cm/s at 37.5°C and the predictive regression model is evaluated with the interactions of specific gravity, viscosity and surface tension. It is convenient to state that the model will predict the spread rate of crude oils which possess imputed physicochemical properties having pour point averaged 15.5°C on calm seawater.","PeriodicalId":7332,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87728819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2