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Record 35% Power-Added Efficiency at 170 GHz in 300-nm InP/GaAsSb DHBTs 300 纳米 InP/GaAsSb DHBT 在 170 GHz 的功率附加效率达到创纪录的 35
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2024.3412964
Sara Hamzeloui;Akshay M. Arabhavi;Filippo Ciabattini;Giorgio Bonomo;Mojtaba Ebrahimi;Rimjhim Chaudhary;Markus Müller;Olivier Ostinelli;Michael Schröter;Colombo R. Bolognesi
{"title":"Record 35% Power-Added Efficiency at 170 GHz in 300-nm InP/GaAsSb DHBTs","authors":"Sara Hamzeloui;Akshay M. Arabhavi;Filippo Ciabattini;Giorgio Bonomo;Mojtaba Ebrahimi;Rimjhim Chaudhary;Markus Müller;Olivier Ostinelli;Michael Schröter;Colombo R. Bolognesi","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2024.3412964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2024.3412964","url":null,"abstract":"We report the 170-GHz power performance of multifinger common-emitter (CE) 300-nm indium phosphide (InP)/GaAsSb double heterojunction bipolar transistors (DHBTs). Devices with one-, two-, and four-finger(s) with 7.5-, 10-, or 12.5-\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000m-long emitter fingers were simultaneously fabricated. A record power-added efficiency PAE =35% is measured for single-finger 7.5-\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000m-long DHBTs with a saturated matched output power \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$P_{mathrm {OUT,SAT}} =9.5$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 dBm. A \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$P_{mathrm {OUT,SAT}} gt 12$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 and >14.5 dBm with peak PAE =25% and 22% is delivered from two- and four-finger 10-\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000m-long DHBTs, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, 35% is the highest PAE reported for any PA/PA cell in any transistor technology over the entire G-band range. We attribute the high efficiency achieved in this study to the exceptionally high gain transistors in the (sub)-millimeter-wave (mm-wave) range, as well as the advantageous combination of high breakdown and low knee voltages. This work details the first G-band power characterization of single- and multi-finger GaAsSb-based DHBTs—it is also the first such study in any InP DHBT. An all-technology record Class-A G-band PAE is achieved with a minimal reduction with respect to W-band peak PAE levels. An HICUM-based large-signal model verifies the mm-wave RF measurements.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10584507","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141965790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High-Performance Microwave Heating Device for Tubular Loads Using a Quasi-Coaxial Structure 使用准同轴结构的高性能管状负载微波加热装置
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2024.3404782
Fengming Yang;Yuanyuan Wu;Liaoyuan Xu;Jinghua Ye;Chengzhuo Wang;Yang Yang;Tao Hong;Huacheng Zhu
{"title":"High-Performance Microwave Heating Device for Tubular Loads Using a Quasi-Coaxial Structure","authors":"Fengming Yang;Yuanyuan Wu;Liaoyuan Xu;Jinghua Ye;Chengzhuo Wang;Yang Yang;Tao Hong;Huacheng Zhu","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2024.3404782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2024.3404782","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents a novel microwave heating method that utilizes tubular loads as a substitute for the inner conductor of a coaxial waveguide, thereby improving heating uniformity and energy coupling efficiency through the TEM mode. First, the effect of replacing the inner conductor of the coaxial waveguide with dielectric on microwave propagation was analyzed. It was found that the microwave still maintains the TEM mode when its dielectric constant exceeds 20. Second, a waveguide-to-coaxial transition is designed, utilizing probe coupling methods with a tapered structure, resulting in a 53% increase in return loss (-10 dB) bandwidth. Finally, a microwave heating device was designed based on this transition. Compared with common microwave ovens, the microwave energy conversion efficiency of this method exceeds 90% for tubular materials with dielectric constants from 20 to 70, and it exhibited higher uniformity. It can be applied to the continuous industrial production of tubular materials.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141602540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A 165–260 GHz Broadband Frequency Doubler Using “Hourglass-Shaped” Transmission Matching Technology 使用 "沙漏形 "传输匹配技术的 165-260 GHz 宽带倍频器
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2024.3419246
Li Wang;Dehai Zhang;Jin Meng
{"title":"A 165–260 GHz Broadband Frequency Doubler Using “Hourglass-Shaped” Transmission Matching Technology","authors":"Li Wang;Dehai Zhang;Jin Meng","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2024.3419246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2024.3419246","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents a broadband frequency doubler that covers the 165–260 GHz range. To achieve the broadband matching of Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs), an “Hourglass-shaped” (H-S) transmission line is applied in this work. Compared to the conventional high-low impedance microstrip matching, the “H-S” transmission line adopts an asymmetric taper of microstrip steps, resulting in lower transmission loss of interstage microstrip according to the small reflection theory. Meanwhile, the “H-S” transmission line is carefully designed to achieve a minimum reflection coefficient from SBDs to the output waveguide, which can expand the operating bandwidth. To verify this concept, we fabricated and measured a broadband frequency doubler. Measured results show that the doubler has an efficiency of 6.02%–12.02% covering the 165–260 GHz frequency band under 95–135 mW input power. The peak output power is 14.9 mW at 181 GHz under the 135 mW input power.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141964831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
20-THz Far-Infrared Imaging Using an Antenna-Coupled Schottky Barrier Diode in a Foundry CMOS 在代工 CMOS 中使用天线耦合肖特基势垒二极管进行 20-THz 远红外成像
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2024.3418455
Behnam Pouya
{"title":"20-THz Far-Infrared Imaging Using an Antenna-Coupled Schottky Barrier Diode in a Foundry CMOS","authors":"Behnam Pouya","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2024.3418455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2024.3418455","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents the implementation of a 20-terahertz (THz) far-infrared (FIR) imager using an antenna-coupled Schottky barrier diode (SBD) structure fabricated in a 130-nm foundry CMOS process without any process modifications. The detector’s performance is characterized using a 15.1-\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000m quantum-cascade laser (QCL) source. At a modulation frequency of 13 Hz, the detector achieves a peak optical responsivity (\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$R_{v}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000) of 35.2 V/W, which is ~six times higher than that of CMOS detectors operating in a similar frequency range. The measured shot-noise limited noise equivalent power (NEP) is 1.8 nW/\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$surd $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000Hz, which is comparable to that of commercially available thermopile detectors that are 47000 times larger in area.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141964833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
W-Band Asymmetric CMOS Switch Using Inductive Matching Technique 使用电感匹配技术的 W 波段不对称 CMOS 开关
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2024-06-28 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2024.3416490
Jaehyun Kwon;Changkun Park
{"title":"W-Band Asymmetric CMOS Switch Using Inductive Matching Technique","authors":"Jaehyun Kwon;Changkun Park","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2024.3416490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2024.3416490","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we designed a W-band asymmetric single-pole double-throw (SPDT) switch using a 65-nm RFCMOS process. In order to secure the power-handling capability of the switch, all transistors constituting the switch were designed to be in the on-state in the transmit (Tx) mode. In addition, the designed switch was matched in the Tx mode and achieved compact size using the property of the inductor. In the receive (Rx) mode, four LC resonators were used to achieve both wide and high isolation and low insertion loss. At 70–90 GHz, the isolations in the Tx and Rx modes were measured higher than 17.5 and 22.5 dB, respectively. The insertion losses in the Tx and Rx modes were measured less than 3.71 and 3.11 dB, respectively, in the frequency range of 70–90 GHz. The measured input 1-dB compression points (IP1dBs) at 80 GHz were >18.5 dBm and 7.5 dBm in the Tx and Rx modes, respectively. The core size of the designed SPDT switch is 0.057 mm2.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141965791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wideband Three-Way FPD With Unequal Division Ratio Based on Coaxial-to-RWG Transition 基于同轴到 RWG 转换的不等分频比宽带三路 FPD
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2024.3416435
Jian-Xin Chen;Yu-Xing Yan;Ye-Xin Huang;Wei Yu;Yunli Li
{"title":"Wideband Three-Way FPD With Unequal Division Ratio Based on Coaxial-to-RWG Transition","authors":"Jian-Xin Chen;Yu-Xing Yan;Ye-Xin Huang;Wei Yu;Yunli Li","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2024.3416435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2024.3416435","url":null,"abstract":"A simple design approach of wideband three-way filtering power divider (FPD) with unequal division ratio based on coaxial-to-rectangular waveguide (RWG) transition is investigated. The bandpass filtering response is achieved using high-pass characteristic of RGW and bandgap characteristic of coaxial-to-RWG transition improved by loading T-type resonators. The allocation of power depends solely on the distance between the outputs and the central plane of the rectangular cavity. Meanwhile, the filtering functions and power splitting are independent of each other, achieving sharped roll-off of the upper stopband and unequal power division ratio. For validation, a wideband unequal FPD with center frequency at 4.1 GHz and with 3-dB fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 58.5% is designed, simulated, and fabricated. The insertion loss (IL) of all three outputs is less than 0.4 dB (excluding ideal loss), demonstrating the advantage of low loss in the rectangular cavity.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141965228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Design of Multistate Cavity Diplexers Based on Coaxial Resonators 基于同轴谐振器的多态腔双工器设计
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2024.3416545
Yu-Ming Li;Hong-Ji Li;Chao Wu;Sai-Wai Wong
{"title":"Design of Multistate Cavity Diplexers Based on Coaxial Resonators","authors":"Yu-Ming Li;Hong-Ji Li;Chao Wu;Sai-Wai Wong","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2024.3416545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2024.3416545","url":null,"abstract":"The design approach for multistate diplexers based on coaxial resonators is presented for the first time in this letter. By partitioning a large cylindrical cavity into multiple sections, a wide range of frequency channels is established, enabling the formation of different states for the diplexer through the selection of specific frequency channels. By introducing cross coupling in the resonators, a transmission zero is achieved within each channel, resulting in sharp out-of-band rejection skirts. The proposed multistate diplexers exhibit improved performance along with compact structures. A third-order four-state diplexer (FSD) is designed and presented, and the same methodology can be applied to create the mth-order and n-state diplexers. To validate this concept, the FSD is fabricated and measured, with the measurement results exhibiting good agreement with the simulation results.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141965206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Distributed Theory for Contactless Interconnects at Terahertz Frequencies 太赫兹频率下非接触式互连的分布式理论
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2024.3412592
Nicholas R. Jungwirth;Bryan T. Bosworth;Aaron M. Hagerstrom;Meagan C. Papac;Eric J. Marksz;Jerome Cheron;Kassiopeia Smith;Angela C. Stelson;Ari Feldman;Dylan F. Williams;Christian J. Long;Nathan D. Orloff
{"title":"A Distributed Theory for Contactless Interconnects at Terahertz Frequencies","authors":"Nicholas R. Jungwirth;Bryan T. Bosworth;Aaron M. Hagerstrom;Meagan C. Papac;Eric J. Marksz;Jerome Cheron;Kassiopeia Smith;Angela C. Stelson;Ari Feldman;Dylan F. Williams;Christian J. Long;Nathan D. Orloff","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2024.3412592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2024.3412592","url":null,"abstract":"We test a multimodal analytical model for distributed contactless interconnects by comparing it to 3-D full-wave simulations. In comparison to 3-D simulations, the model offers insight into how the interconnect works and reduces the computational cost of estimating and optimizing the interconnect’s performance. The model predicts the performance of four distributed contactless interconnects and finds good agreement between with 3-D simulations up to 1 THz. All the interconnects have less than 1-dB insertion loss in their first pass bands, highlighting the opportunity offered by contactless interconnects.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10570460","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141965204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A 9-V Wireless Power Receiver IC With 74.2% Power Conversion Efficiency and Integrated Bidirectional Telemetries for Implantable Neurostimulation Systems in Standard CMOS 标准 CMOS 中用于植入式神经刺激系统的 9 V 无线电源接收器集成电路，具有 74.2% 的电源转换效率和集成的双向遥测功能
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2024.3411572
Yi Ding;Tianyi Li;Xinqin Guo;Hongming Lyu
{"title":"A 9-V Wireless Power Receiver IC With 74.2% Power Conversion Efficiency and Integrated Bidirectional Telemetries for Implantable Neurostimulation Systems in Standard CMOS","authors":"Yi Ding;Tianyi Li;Xinqin Guo;Hongming Lyu","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2024.3411572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2024.3411572","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents a 9-V wireless power and data receiver IC in a standard CMOS process technology. A transistor-stacking scheme is employed for accommodating active circuits in a high-voltage domain that exceeds the transistor’s voltage tolerance. The IC successfully generates 9-V through a 21-stage cross-coupled rectifier and regulated 6- and 3-V supplies with low-dropout regulators (LDOs) delivering a maximum power of 27 mW with a peak power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 74.2%. Forward telemetry at 200 kbit/s and backward telemetry at 10 kbit/s are achieved based on on-off keying (OOK) and load-shift keying (LSK) modulation schemes, respectively, which negligibly affect the generated voltage domains. The IC serves as a wireless power solution for batteryless and high-voltage-required medical implants.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141964810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A New Parallel Frequency-Domain Finite-Difference Algorithm Using Multi-GPU 使用多 GPU 的新型并行频域有限差分算法
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2024.3414598
Yijing Wang;Xinbo He;Bin Wei
{"title":"A New Parallel Frequency-Domain Finite-Difference Algorithm Using Multi-GPU","authors":"Yijing Wang;Xinbo He;Bin Wei","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2024.3414598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2024.3414598","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents a parallel frequency-domain finite-difference (FDFD) algorithm based on multi-graphic processing unit (GPU) applied to electromagnetic scattering computations to enhance the computational efficiency of the algorithm. The proposed algorithm parallelizes the solution of large-scale sparse matrices, distributing threads to the matrix-vector and vector-vector multiplication operations within decomposed sub-matrices to reduce the computational time. Moreover, we configure the OpenMP to optimize communication transfer between multiple GPUs, thereby improving computational efficiency. The simulation results show that compared with the conventional FDFD method, the proposed algorithm can enhance computational efficiency while ensuring accuracy.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141965202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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