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A Balanced Filtering Antenna With Ultrawideband Common-Mode Absorption 具有超宽带共模吸收的平衡滤波天线
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2025.3541132
Zhongyin Hao;Lin Zhu;Gang Xu;Eng Leong Tan;Qunsheng Cao
{"title":"A Balanced Filtering Antenna With Ultrawideband Common-Mode Absorption","authors":"Zhongyin Hao;Lin Zhu;Gang Xu;Eng Leong Tan;Qunsheng Cao","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2025.3541132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2025.3541132","url":null,"abstract":"An ultrawideband common-mode (CM) absorption balanced feeding network using simple transmission line (TL) and electromagnetic (EM) wave coupling theory is proposed in this letter. The feeding network provides two channels for the propagation of EM waves, then CM signals are absorbed by the resistor through the CM channel, and differential-mode (DM) signals are transmitted in the DM channel by coupling. These two channels share part of the physical structure, but act relatively independently on EM waves. In addition, a filtering antenna with ultrawideband CM absorption is realized based on the feeding network. As demonstration, the prototype of the designed filtering antenna is fabricated and measured.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"35 4","pages":"416-419"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143840020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Attention-Modulated Feature Fusion Neural Network for Inverse Modeling of Microwave Filters 用于微波滤波器逆建模的注意力调制特征融合神经网络
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2025.3543778
Linwei Guo;Weihua Cao;Wenkai Hu;Zhengyang Lu;Min Wu
{"title":"Attention-Modulated Feature Fusion Neural Network for Inverse Modeling of Microwave Filters","authors":"Linwei Guo;Weihua Cao;Wenkai Hu;Zhengyang Lu;Min Wu","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2025.3543778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2025.3543778","url":null,"abstract":"Inverse modeling is extensively applied in the design and tuning of microwave filters (MFs). Inverse models (IMs) take the features extracted from the high-dimensional electromagnetic parameters as input. How to make full use of features from multiple perspective is a critical issue for improving model accuracy. To solve it, this letter proposes an attention-modulated feature fusion neural network (AMFFNN). AMFFNN achieves multiperspective feature fusion (MPFF) at the input side and independent feature fusion (IFF) at the output side. In addition, feature fusion in AMFFNN is enhanced by attention modules to dynamically identify the importance of each feature. Statistical and comparative results of simulations demonstrate that AMFFNN outperforms existing methods in terms of accuracy, stability, and generalization.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"35 4","pages":"376-379"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143840046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Low-Profile High-Power Microwave Termination With High Heat Dissipation Efficiency 散热效率高的扁平式大功率微波终端
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2025.3542819
Xinsheng Chen;Kaijun Song;Song Liang;Zongrui He;Yong Fan
{"title":"Low-Profile High-Power Microwave Termination With High Heat Dissipation Efficiency","authors":"Xinsheng Chen;Kaijun Song;Song Liang;Zongrui He;Yong Fan","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2025.3542819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2025.3542819","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, a novel high-power, low-profile microwave termination (matched load) using water as a lossy material is proposed. The electromagnetic wave (EM wave) first transitions from a rectangular waveguide (RWG) to a low-profile substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) and then further transitions to a water medium. Utilizing the high lossy property of water for high-frequency EM waves, the EM wave energy is effectively converted into heat. Through the water circulation thermal design, the heat can be effectively released. The design combines the advantages of the SIW structure with low profile characteristics while maintaining high power capacity. It also offers benefits, such as low cost, compact structure (<inline-formula> <tex-math>$2.11lambda _{0} times 1.17lambda _{0} times 0.09lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), simple fabrication, and ease of assembly. Measurement results show that, within the frequency range of 7.85–9.58 GHz, the return loss is better than 20 dB, with a relative bandwidth of 20%.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"35 4","pages":"440-443"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143840047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Highly Sensitive Liquid Sensor Based on CSRR-SS and Interdigitated Structure 基于CSRR-SS和交叉指状结构的高灵敏度液体传感器
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2025.3540847
Jiaqi Zhang;Guohua Liu;En Hong
{"title":"A Highly Sensitive Liquid Sensor Based on CSRR-SS and Interdigitated Structure","authors":"Jiaqi Zhang;Guohua Liu;En Hong","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2025.3540847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2025.3540847","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, a high-sensitivity microwave sensor based on a complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) is proposed. The dual interdigital electrodes (IDEs) are loaded in the CSRR, and the serrated structure (SS) is inserted into the IDE, which can further improve the electric field aggregation ability and generate strong electric field constraints. Sample containers made of acrylonitrile-butadiene–styrene (ABS) plastic are placed throughout the CSRR to capture the largest electric field changes. The equivalent circuit model is established and analyzed. The curves of complex permittivity versus resonant frequency and peak attenuation are fit. The fit curve is tested using an ethanol-water solution and verified using the methanol-water solution. The results show that the measured complex permittivity values are highly consistent with the complex permittivity values given in the literature. The average sensitivity of the proposed sensor is as high as 2.28%. The average errors of the real and imaginary parts of the complex permittivity are 1.45% and 2.16%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"35 4","pages":"432-435"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143840045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A 0.28 THz Super-Harmonic Self-Injection-Locked Radar for Vibration Sensing and Phase Imaging 用于振动传感和相位成像的0.28太赫兹超谐波自注入锁定雷达
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2025.3542319
Wei Sun;Sidharth Thomas;Aydin Babakhani
{"title":"A 0.28 THz Super-Harmonic Self-Injection-Locked Radar for Vibration Sensing and Phase Imaging","authors":"Wei Sun;Sidharth Thomas;Aydin Babakhani","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2025.3542319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2025.3542319","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents a continuous-wave (CW) radar for micrometer-level phase and vibration detection based on super-harmonic self-injection locking in a free-running oscillator. The radar system consists of an oscillator that radiates a signal which gets reflected off a target. The reflected signal is re-injected into the oscillator. Due to super-harmoinc self-injection-locked (SSIL), this causes a frequency shift dependent on the target distance, enabling precise ranging. The proposed radar is implemented using a 140 GHz oscillator followed by an efficient medium-breakdown HBT-based doubler and on-chip antenna. The doubler achieves a peak EIRP of +25.3 and −0.1 dBm radiated power at 281 GHz and consumes 144 mW dc power (dc-to-THz efficiency of 0.68%). In SSIL radar operation, a frequency shift of 250 MHz is observed. Using the proposed radar, we demonstrate: 1) detection of sub-<inline-formula> <tex-math>$30~mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m vibrations and 2) reflection-based phase imaging.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"35 4","pages":"496-499"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143840077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Single-Layer High-Directivity Tight-Coupling Directional Coupler Based on Postwall CPW 基于后壁CPW的单层高指向性紧耦合定向耦合器
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2025.3538502
Feiyu Ge;Hongxin Zhao;Shunli Li;Xiaoxing Yin
{"title":"Single-Layer High-Directivity Tight-Coupling Directional Coupler Based on Postwall CPW","authors":"Feiyu Ge;Hongxin Zhao;Shunli Li;Xiaoxing Yin","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2025.3538502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2025.3538502","url":null,"abstract":"A novel tight-coupling structure based on the postwall coplanar waveguide (PWCPW) is presented for the high-directivity coupler. PWCPW is a type of single-layer transmission line consisting of double-side CPW connected by a series of metalized vias. The large parallel-plate coupling capacitance gives the coupled PWCPW the characteristic of tight coupling, which is essential for couplers with high coupling coefficient. The small difference of the even- and odd-mode phase velocities in coupled PWCPW, resulting in efficient signal cancellation at the isolation port, makes the coupled PWCPW suitable for the high-directivity coupler. For verification purposes, a 3-dB high-directivity coupler is designed and fabricated based on PWCPW. The experimental results show the coupler operating in 0.54–1.44 GHz (a center frequency of 0.99 GHz and a bandwidth of 90%), with the return loss better than 25 dB. The peak directivity reaches 55 dB, with a 25-dB directivity bandwidth of 83%.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"35 4","pages":"436-439"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143840044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Miniaturized Dielectric Waveguide Bandpass Filter Using Strongly Coupled Resonator Quintuplet 基于强耦合谐振腔五元态的微型化介质波导带通滤波器
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2025.3538464
Wei Qin;Wei Huang;Wen-Wen Yang;Jian-Xin Chen
{"title":"Miniaturized Dielectric Waveguide Bandpass Filter Using Strongly Coupled Resonator Quintuplet","authors":"Wei Qin;Wei Huang;Wen-Wen Yang;Jian-Xin Chen","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2025.3538464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2025.3538464","url":null,"abstract":"This letter proposes a miniaturized dielectric waveguide bandpass filter (BPF) using strongly coupled resonator quintuplet (SCRQt). The SCRQt is formed by five quarter-wavelength resonators on the top surface of a dielectric block coated with silver. The five resonators are strongly coupled, resulting in five resonance modes. Four of these modes form the filter’s passband, while one mode is functioning as a redundant mode (RM) with a resonance frequency significantly lower than the passband. A fourth-order BPF utilizing the proposed SCRQt is designed and measured at the center frequency of 3.5 GHz. Compared with other dielectric waveguide filter, it significantly reduces the overall size.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"35 4","pages":"404-407"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143840042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A True-Differential Attenuator With Phase Error Compensation for Low-Power Phased Array Systems 低功率相控阵系统中带相位误差补偿的真差分衰减器
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2025.3541885
Nengxu Zhu;Xin Zhang;Yiting Zhang;Zhen Yang;Bing Liu;Zenglong Zhao;Fanyi Meng
{"title":"A True-Differential Attenuator With Phase Error Compensation for Low-Power Phased Array Systems","authors":"Nengxu Zhu;Xin Zhang;Yiting Zhang;Zhen Yang;Bing Liu;Zenglong Zhao;Fanyi Meng","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2025.3541885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2025.3541885","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents a true-differential magnetically switchable coupled-lines (TD-MSCLs)-based attenuator with broadband phase compensation characteristics. The structure features low insertion loss (IL), compact size, low amplitude and phase errors, and intrinsic ESD protection. Compared to the MSCL structure, the TD-MSCL structure offers differential operation with common-mode (CM) rejection that is more suitable for terahertz ICs. In addition, it features phase compensation over a wide bandwidth by inducing proper coupling between two differential-mode (DM) MSCL cells. The attenuator prototype was implemented in a 0.13-<inline-formula> <tex-math>$mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m SiGe BiCMOS technology, exhibiting only 2.6-dB IL and <0.43 dB/5° rms amplitude/phase error within 200–230 GHz and 14-dB CM rejection ratio (CMRR) in a compact area of 0.019 mm2. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first true differential attenuator at 220 GHz and beyond.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"35 4","pages":"468-471"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143839821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A 7–13-GHz Broadband High-Efficiency MMIC Power Amplifier Using Second Harmonic Inductively Tuning Network 使用二次谐波感应调谐网络的 7-13-GHz 宽带高效 MMIC 功率放大器
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2025.3540466
Xiangdong Wang;Mo Li;Qiyu Wang;Liwei Luo;Yang Liu;Jian Zhang
{"title":"A 7–13-GHz Broadband High-Efficiency MMIC Power Amplifier Using Second Harmonic Inductively Tuning Network","authors":"Xiangdong Wang;Mo Li;Qiyu Wang;Liwei Luo;Yang Liu;Jian Zhang","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2025.3540466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2025.3540466","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents a three-stage 7–13-GHz broadband high-efficiency monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) power amplifier (PA) implemented in a commercial 0.25-<inline-formula> <tex-math>$mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m GaAs pHEMT process. A novel second harmonic tuning method based on the RC model of the transistor is proposed for the efficiency maximization in a broadband range. In the output matching network (MNO), an inductive tuning network (ITN) is adopted to resonate with the parasitic capacitance seen from the intrinsic drain plane. With this method, the second harmonic is effectively tuned to an open-circuit state, which minimizes the overlaps of the drain current and voltage waveforms, thus greatly improving the efficiency. To achieve a broadband performance, a low-pass matching structure (LPMS) is employed to shift the matching trajectory of the fundamental impedance to nearby <inline-formula> <tex-math>$50~Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula> by compensating the reactance of the fundamental impedance with negligible effect on the tuning of the second harmonic. Over the frequency range of 7–13 GHz, the MMIC PA delivers a saturated output power (<inline-formula> <tex-math>$P_{text {SAT}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of 35.0–36.5 dBm with a power-added efficiency (PAE) of 42%–47.4% in the continuous wave (CW) mode and a <inline-formula> <tex-math>${P}_{text {SAT}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 35.5–36.9 dBm with a PAE of 43.8%–49.6% in the pulse mode.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"35 4","pages":"484-487"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143840080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Transformation of Normalization Standard of Smith Chart for Microwave Networks With Multiple Impedance Transmission Lines 多阻抗传输线微波网络Smith图归一化标准的变换
IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1109/LMWT.2025.3540447
Zixuan Yi;Peipei Hu;Xue-Xia Yang;Meiling Li;Dan Zeng
{"title":"The Transformation of Normalization Standard of Smith Chart for Microwave Networks With Multiple Impedance Transmission Lines","authors":"Zixuan Yi;Peipei Hu;Xue-Xia Yang;Meiling Li;Dan Zeng","doi":"10.1109/LMWT.2025.3540447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2025.3540447","url":null,"abstract":"The Smith chart is a graphical approach for solving impedance matching problems in the microwave circuit design, which provides visualized traces, but it is not applicable to address impedance discontinuities graphically, especially for multiple-impedance transmission lines (TLs) within microwave networks. In this letter, a novel transformation of normalization standard (TNS) method is proposed, which is applied to the Smith chart to solve the aforementioned problem. Then, TNS traces are derived and applied to the classical Smith chart, obtaining an improved Smith chart. In addition, the TNS idea is applied to the microwave circuit design examples. The proposed TNS method provides a convenient visualized way for the design of microwave circuits with multi-impedance TLs.","PeriodicalId":73297,"journal":{"name":"IEEE microwave and wireless technology letters","volume":"35 4","pages":"384-387"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143840019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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