Hygiene and environmental health advances最新文献

{"title":"Possible hazardous components in dental alginates: Physicochemical properties by a mineralogical and spectroscopic investigation","authors":"Matteo Ardit ,&nbsp;Tommaso Baroni ,&nbsp;Fabio Capacci ,&nbsp;Giulio Arcangeli ,&nbsp;Maurizio Romanelli ,&nbsp;Alfonso Zoleo ,&nbsp;Silvana Capella ,&nbsp;Elena Belluso ,&nbsp;Pietro Gabellini ,&nbsp;Raffaello Cioni ,&nbsp;Francesco Di Benedetto","doi":"10.1016/j.heha.2023.100083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.heha.2023.100083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Alginates are products used as impression materials in dentistry and prosthetics. They consist of polymers, calcium alginates mixed with diatomite and additives. Recently, the occurrence of severe silicosis associated with exposure to respirable dust of such materials has increased the scientific interest in understanding how these materials may pose a toxicological problem to workers. The primary objective of this study is to improve the understanding of both the existence and the characteristics of the toxicant(s) contained in these materials, with the goal of better defining the risk assessment for this occupational setting.</p><p>Two commercial dental alginates were subjected to a mineralogical, microchemical and spectroscopic investigation. The results indicate the presence of a significant amount of diatomite, clearly identified by micromorphology and formed mainly by cristobalite. The respirable fraction of the dust represents at least 30  % of the total number of particles, and this fraction contains a relevant amount of crystalline silica particles. Conversely, the investigated alginate materials do not exhibit the presence of radical species.</p><p>The results obtained confirm that the cristobalite detected originates from the high-temperature transformation of amorphous silica during the calcination process of diatomite, prior to mixing with the other components. The same process also produces wollastonite (CaSiO₃), which, like cristobalite, is a crystalline phase known for its toxicological effects. The present findings call for a rethinking of dental alginates with regard to the definition of their health risks for technical operators.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73269,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and environmental health advances","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100083"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773049223000399/pdfft?md5=50894293228e154b1fe3583c48795e26&pid=1-s2.0-S2773049223000399-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135714983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum regarding missing declaration of competing interest statements and ethical statements in previously published articles","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.heha.2023.100082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heha.2023.100082","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73269,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and environmental health advances","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100082"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773049223000387/pdfft?md5=d23238212462f43f62f029ebe4c53afe&pid=1-s2.0-S2773049223000387-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92108562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening for elevated blood lead levels using single hair strands: Accounting for external contamination","authors":"Jennie R. Christensen ,&nbsp;Geriene O. LaBine ,&nbsp;Joyce McBeth","doi":"10.1016/j.heha.2023.100081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.heha.2023.100081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hair has long been explored as a potential biomarker of lead exposure since lead is readily adsorbed into hair's keratinous matrix; however, the utility of hair as a biomarker for lead exposure is hampered by its susceptibility to external contamination: lead particles attach to the exposed hair surface, confounding estimates of endogenous concentrations. This study describes the development of a hair screening tool, in which the confounding influence of external contamination are mitigated by focusing on the unexposed hair root, to predict elevated blood lead levels (BLLs). This tool requires a single strand of scalp hair, which is analyzed using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). Forty-four (44) workers with high potential for lead exposure, and 63 reference individuals (with no known lead exposure) volunteered for the study. Hair lead level (HLL) thresholds were developed using methods from clinical assessment to screen exceedances of BLL thresholds at 10 and 15 µg/dL. Hair from both groups showed significantly lower lead concentrations in below-scalp portions compared to above the scalp (above-scalp was 11.2 times higher in workers, and 3.7 times higher in reference group). Hair lead concentrations below the scalp in workers significantly predicted BLLs. HLL thresholds for screening BLLs were 0.60 mg/kg and 0.75 mg/kg for BLLs of 10 µg/dL and 15 µg/dL, respectively. These HLL thresholds yielded high sensitivity (&gt;85%), and slightly lower specificity (67% and 33%, for BLL thresholds of 10 µg/dL and 15 µg/dL, respectively). This study provides reference HLLs in non-contaminated portions of hair (&lt;0.097 mg/kg), shows the significance of external contamination on exposed portions of hair even in a reference population, and assesses the effectiveness of below-scalp hair as a biomarker of elevated lead exposure. This hair screening tool effectively predicted BLL exceedances and could be considered as a non-invasive alternative to blood sampling.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73269,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and environmental health advances","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100081"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48693017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agribusiness in Brazil and its dependence on the use of pesticides","authors":"Shaiane Carla Gaboardi ,&nbsp;Luciano Zanetti Pessôa Candiotto ,&nbsp;Carolina Panis","doi":"10.1016/j.heha.2023.100080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.heha.2023.100080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>By virtue of its availability of arable land, tropical climate, and abundance of water resources, Brazil is one of the largest agricultural and livestock producers in the world, with agribusiness geared towards global trade. Consequently, the country appears on the international scene as one of the main consumers of pesticides. This article presents the current panorama of pesticide use in Brazil and highlights the tendency of government permissiveness and support in this sector, through the increase in the number of registrations granted annually and strategies to modify the current legislation. The methodological procedures were: discussion about causes and consequences of pesticide use, considering economic interests, social and environmental impacts; collection and analysis of data made available by official Brazilian agencies on the pesticides marketing and main cultivated products; study of Bill 6,299/2002; and positioning of public institutions linked to work, health and the environment, through the technical notes issued by them. Conceptually, we found our arguments on Political Ecology and Geography ideas to demonstrate that the exacerbated use of pesticides in Brazil is a great environmental and social injustice, contaminating natural resources and the Brazilian population that handles or consumes food and water with high levels of residues. The data reveal that the productive specialization has led to a progressive increase in the use of pesticides in Brazil, and the government has been extremely permissive of, and even conniving with, the interests of companies linked to agribusiness, making the process of evaluating and releasing pesticide products even less rigid.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73269,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and environmental health advances","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100080"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44312400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicity assessment of CeO₂ and CuO nanoparticles at the air-liquid interface using bioinspired condensational particle growth","authors":"Trevor B. Tilly ,&nbsp;Ryan X. Ward ,&nbsp;Alyssa F. Morea ,&nbsp;M. Tyler Nelson ,&nbsp;Sarah E. Robinson ,&nbsp;Arantzazu Eiguren-Fernandez ,&nbsp;Gregory S. Lewis ,&nbsp;John A. Lednicky ,&nbsp;Tara Sabo-Attwood ,&nbsp;Saber M. Hussain ,&nbsp;Chang-Yu Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.heha.2023.100074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.heha.2023.100074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>CeO₂ and CuO nanoparticles (NPs) are used as additives in petrodiesel to enhance engine performance leading to reduced diesel combustion emissions.   Despite their benefits, the additive application poses human health concerns by releasing inhalable NPs into the ambient air.  In this study, a bioinspired lung cell exposure system, Dosimetric Aerosol <em>in Vitro</em> Inhalation Device (DAVID), was employed for evaluating the toxicity of aerosolized CeO₂ and CuO NPs with a short duration of exposure (≤10 min vs. hours in other systems) and without exerting toxicity from non-NP factors.  Human epithelial A549 lung cells were cultured and maintained within DAVID at the air-liquid interface (ALI), onto which aerosolized NPs were deposited, and experiments in submerged cells were used for comparison.  Exposure of the cells to the CeO₂ NPs did not result in detectable IL-8 release, nor did it produce a significant reduction in cell viability based on lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay, with a marginal decrease (10%) at the dose of 388 μg/cm² (273 cm²/cm²).  In contrast, exposure to CuO NPs resulted in a concentration dependent reduction in LDH release based on LDH leakage, with 38% reduction in viability at the highest dose of 52 μg/cm² (28.3 cm²/cm²).  Cells exposed to CuO NPs resulted in a dose dependent cellular membrane toxicity and expressed IL-8 secretion at a global dose five times lower than cells exposed under submerged conditions.  However, when comparing the ALI results at the local cellular dose of CuO NPs to the submerged results, the IL-8 secretion was similar.  In this study, we demonstrated DAVID as a new exposure tool that helps evaluate aerosol toxicity in simulated lung environment. Our results also highlight the necessity in choosing the right assay endpoints for the given exposure scenario, e.g., LDH for ALI and Deep Blue for submerged conditions for cell viability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73269,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and environmental health advances","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100074"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a8/5c/nihms-1929001.PMC10500621.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10358808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water quality in rural Greenland - acceptability and safety","authors":"Judith Y A Maréchal, L. Hansen, P. Jensen","doi":"10.1016/j.heha.2023.100065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heha.2023.100065","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73269,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and environmental health advances","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54448291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fate of enteric bacteria and viruses in silt loam soil amended with biofertilizers made from human feces and urine for crop production","authors":"Priscila Carlon ,&nbsp;Fernanda Daniela Gonçalves Ferreira ,&nbsp;Cacea Furlan Maggi Carloto ,&nbsp;Gislaine Fongaro ,&nbsp;Maria Elisa Magri","doi":"10.1016/j.heha.2023.100067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.heha.2023.100067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Human excreta can be used as biofertilizers due to their nutrient and organic matter content. Nevertheless, the behavior of microorganisms should be investigated, as enteric pathogens can accumulate in the soil. Therefore, we evaluated the survival and transport of two enteric bacteria (<em>E. coli</em> and <em>Salmonella enterica</em>) and two enteric virus surrogates (MS2 and ΦX-174 bacteriophages) when applied as contaminants of four biofertilizers on <em>Lactuca sativa</em> production. The study was carried out in lysimeters outdoors with repacked silt loam soil, using a randomized block design (RBD) with six treatments and three replicates. Biofertilizers were urea-treated feces, feces composted with organic waste, stored liquid urine, and struvite and were inoculated at 10⁶–10⁷ cfu/pfu g⁻¹ of <em>E. coli</em> and bacteriophages strains and 10⁷–10⁹ of <em>S. enterica</em>. Soil amended with composted feces exhibited the lowest decimal reductions (T₉₀) for the microorganisms evaluated, with 10.2 days for <em>E. coli</em>, 11.9 days for <em>S. enterica</em>, 22.2 days for MS2, and 3.7 days for ΦX-174. Urea-treated feces temporarily hindered the growth and survival of <em>E. coli</em> and <em>S. enterica</em> in the soil. However, both bacteria were present after one month, while MS2 showed a stable concentration with this biofertilizer. <em>E. coli</em> presented a stable behavior when applied with urine, whereas MS2 was stable with urea-treated feces, urine, and struvite. ΦX-174 and <em>S. enterica</em> were not considered good representatives of most resistant enteric pathogens’ behavior in the soil during food production since they were not detected in leachate and showed a rapid die-off in soil. <em>E. coli</em> leached faster and in higher concentrations than MS2, which presented higher concentrations in deeper soil layers, from 10 to 20 cm. Therefore, using urine, struvite, and urea-treated faces implied a higher chance of infection, as a decimal reduction time was not observed during the 36 days of the experiment. As a result, in short-term cultures, it is recommended that additional hygiene barriers are taken to avoid infection since <em>E. coli</em> and MS2 were still detected at the end of the experiment. An interval of 90 days between fertilizing and harvesting is recommended to prevent pathogen infection. These results are the basis for a quantitative risk assessment of human excreta-based biofertilizers for food production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73269,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and environmental health advances","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100067"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46750308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistence of MRSA and ESBL-producing E. coli and K. oxytoca in river water","authors":"Sarah M. Essert ,&nbsp;Nicole Zacharias ,&nbsp;Tabea Precht ,&nbsp;Debbie Pankratz ,&nbsp;Karolin Funken ,&nbsp;Nico T. Mutters ,&nbsp;Thomas Kistemann ,&nbsp;Christiane Schreiber","doi":"10.1016/j.heha.2023.100072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.heha.2023.100072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Due to climate change precipitation patterns are changing in terms of frequency and quantity in Germany. As a result, prolonged dry weather can lead to extremely low flow rates in river systems with large portions of treated wastewater. However, storm events and heavy rainfall events are increasing too, which may lead to higher frequencies of combined sewer overflows. Increased microbial pollution (e.g. coliform bacteria, clostridia, faecal streptococci) of waterbodies after heavy precipitation events was demonstrated in several studies. Pathogenic multi-resistant bacteria enter waterbodies via sewer systems. The persistence potential of such pathogens in aquatic environments is mainly still unknown. This study investigated the growth behaviour of Gram-negative extended spectrum beta-Lactamase-producing <em>Klebsiella oxytoca</em> and <em>Escherichia coli</em> and Gram-positive methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> in river water. The concentrations of these antibiotic-resistant bacteria were monitored in batch experiments using river water differently impacted by wastewater. <em>Staphylococcus aureu</em>s persisted for at least 3 days at incubation temperatures of 8 and 18 °C. The persistence of <em>K</em>. <em>oxytoca</em> and <em>E</em>. <em>coli</em> was shown for at least 37 days at both temperatures. In the river water at 8 °C, bacteria concentrations decreased slower, suggesting diminished persistence of ARB (antibiotic-resistant bacteria) with increasing temperatures. Initial concentrations of ARB and other pathogens in river water corresponded to the impact of wastewater. However, significant effects on the persistence itself by wastewater impact could not be shown for the bacteria species tested. Further studies should pursue our approaches concerning the persistence of pathogenic ARB in freshwater to assess the health risk for humans and animals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73269,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and environmental health advances","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100072"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46580793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health risk assessment of perfluorooctane sulfonate and perfluorooctanoic acid exposure in China based on epidemiological data","authors":"Yun-Ting Zhang ,&nbsp;Huihui Bao ,&nbsp;Lei Zhang ,&nbsp;Sheng Wen ,&nbsp;Weihong Tan ,&nbsp;Mohammed Zeeshan ,&nbsp;Ming-Kun Sun ,&nbsp;Chu Chu ,&nbsp;Zhao-Huan Gui ,&nbsp;Li-Zi Lin ,&nbsp;Ru-Qing Liu ,&nbsp;Xiao-Wen Zeng ,&nbsp;Yunjiang Yu ,&nbsp;Guang-Hui Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.heha.2023.100066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.heha.2023.100066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Health risk assessment based on epidemiological data for perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) are evidenced. Whereas information about health-based guidance values (HBGVs) and health risk for Chinese population related to PFOS and PFOA is scarce.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To provide candidate HBGVs for PFOS and PFOA based on Chinese epidemiological data and assess the health risk related to excessive exposure.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We reviewed scientific literature and collected available original data from epidemiological studies conducted in China. Critical endpoints and data were selected and used in benchmark dose (BMD) analysis to obtain lower confidence limits of BMD (BMDLs) of PFOS and PFOA. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models were applied to calculate the point of departure (PODs) for PFOS and PFOA, which led to the determination of the HBGVs for the said chemicals. Margin of exposure (MOE) method was used to evaluate the health risk of population based on exposure data among Chinese and HBGVs.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total cholesterol (TC) and birth weight (BW) were selected as critical endpoints. Epidemiological data from 4,224 adults, 2,153 paired mother-newborn, 2,518 newborns, 439 pregnant women and 733 children in China were included in this study. BMDLs and PODs for PFOS are varied while BMDLs for PFOA were similar. PODs for PFOS (1.56 ng/kg/day) and PFOA (1.52 ng/kg/day) based on BW using National Birth Cohort Study were selected as HBGVs. Most MOEs for PFOS and PFOA among Chinese population were larger than 1 and smaller than 100, indicating moderate concern. Around 16% MOEs for PFOS were smaller than 1, implying high concern.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The HBGVs for PFOS and PFOA were 1.56 ng/kg/day and 1.52 ng/kg/day, respectively. Health risk of Chinese population related to PFOS and PFOA exposure should be concerned and more studies should be conducted to evaluate the risk of the chemicals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73269,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and environmental health advances","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100066"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46997304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dengue outbreak following unprecedented flooding in Pakistan","authors":"Omer A. Shaikh ,&nbsp;Mirza T. Baig ,&nbsp;Sara Tahir ,&nbsp;Ad-Duhaa E. Parekh ,&nbsp;Abdulqadir J. Nashwan","doi":"10.1016/j.heha.2023.100076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.heha.2023.100076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An unexpected rise in dengue cases has overwhelmed hospitals in Pakistan. Floods and intense monsoon rain have affected almost 33 million people since June 2022. Heavy monsoon rains may be a result of rising water temperatures. Dengue poses a severe risk to public health globally and to countries affected by floods, particularly Pakistan and the whole Indian subcontinent. Pakistan's expanding urban and agricultural economies place it at a higher risk for contracting vector-borne diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73269,"journal":{"name":"Hygiene and environmental health advances","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100076"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42253844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}