The association between metal exposure and body mass index of preschool children of Shaanxi, China

Hygiene and environmental health advances Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI:10.1016/j.heha.2024.100094

Yan Zhao , Zhaoyang Li , Xinyue Wen , Hongqiu Li , Huifang He , Jing Han

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Abstract

There are few studies on the association between polymetallic exposure and obesity in preschool children, and the conclusions are inconsistent. The study aimed to explore the association between urine metals and body mass index (BMI). For 342 preschool children in the industrial park of Shaanxi, China, uniformly trained investigators collected basic information of preschoolers and measured height and weight. Morning urine were collected, and BMI were calculated. We measured concentrations of 22 urine metals by quadrupole inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).

The least absolute shrinkage and selective operator (LASSO) regression model was used to screen urine metals larger impact on BMI. In the polymetallic exposure model, generalized linear regression was used to explore the relationship between the selected urine metals and BMI. The overall relationship between urine metals and BMI was analyzed using restricted cubic spline (RCS). The interaction method was used to explore the influence of metal-metal interaction on BMI. After adjustment for covariates, ln-transformed urinary copper (Cu) levels and urinary molybdenum (Mo) levels were negatively associated with BMI, (Cu, β=−1.219, 95% CI: −2.047, −0.391, P<0.05; Mo, β=−0.797, 95% CI: −1.508, −0.087, P<0.05). Polymetallic model showed similar results. Both ln-transformed urinary Cu levels and urinary Mo levels were negatively correlated with BMI (Cu: β=−1.556, 95% CI: −2.488, −0.624, P<0.05; Mo: β=−0.915, 95% CI: −1.817, −0.013, P<0.05). The results of RCS visually demonstrate that Cu and BMI are non-linearly correlated (P _total < 0.001, P _nonliearity = 0.005), Mo and BMI are linearly correlated (P _total < 0.05, P _nonliearity = 0.099) Urinary Cu was negatively correlated with BMI nonlinearly in preschool children, and there was a borderline interaction between urinary Mo and Cu levels.

Further researches are needed to validate these associations and reveal underlying mechanisms

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中国陕西学龄前儿童金属暴露与体重指数的关系

关于学龄前儿童接触多金属与肥胖之间关系的研究很少，结论也不一致。本研究旨在探讨尿液金属与体重指数（BMI）之间的关系。研究人员对中国陕西工业园区的 342 名学龄前儿童进行了统一培训，收集了学龄前儿童的基本信息，并测量了身高和体重。收集晨尿并计算体重指数。我们采用四极电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）测量了 22 种尿液金属的浓度。在多金属暴露模型中，采用了广义线性回归来探讨所选尿液金属与体重指数之间的关系。利用限制性立方样条（RCS）分析了尿液金属与体重指数之间的整体关系。交互作用法用于探讨金属-金属交互作用对体重指数的影响。经过协变量调整后，经 ln 变形的尿铜（Cu）水平和尿钼（Mo）水平与体重指数呈负相关（Cu, β=-1.219, 95% CI: -2.047, -0.391, P<0.05；Mo, β=-0.797, 95% CI: -1.508, -0.087, P<0.05）。多金属模型显示了类似的结果。ln 变形后的尿铜水平和尿钼水平均与体重指数呈负相关（铜：β=-1.556，95% CI：-2.488，-0.624，P<0.05；钼：β=-0.915，95% CI：-1.817，-0.013，P<0.05）。RCS结果直观地表明，铜与体重指数呈非线性相关（P总和为0.001，P非线性为0.005），钼与体重指数呈线性相关（P总和为0.05，P非线性为0.099），学龄前儿童尿铜与体重指数呈非线性负相关，尿钼与铜水平之间存在边缘交互作用。

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