Frontiers in ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Headache as an extraocular manifestation of birdshot chorioretinopathy: a case series.","authors":"Jonathan D Groothoff, Maninder K Sohi, Hannah Shuman, Brandy W Hardy, Robert C Goodrich, Kristyn S Pocock","doi":"10.3389/fopht.2026.1838200","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fopht.2026.1838200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Birdshot chorioretinopathy (BSCR) is a type of chronic posterior uveitis with limited characterization of extraocular manifestations, including headache. We describe two HLA-A29-positive patients with BSCR who developed refractory unilateral periorbital headaches temporally associated with visual symptom onset. Headaches lateralized to the more affected eye and the patients exhibited migrainous and prominent cranial autonomic features resembling trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs) and variable responses to standard headache therapies. Together, this supports the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3) classification as a secondary headache attributed to ocular inflammatory disease. The biological plausibility of this association is supported by trigeminal innervation of the uveal tract, providing a substrate for inflammation-driven trigeminovascular activation. Systematic studies are needed to define BSCR-associated headache prevalence, phenotype, and mechanisms and to inform diagnosis and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":73096,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in ophthalmology","volume":"6 ","pages":"1838200"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13518146/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148841766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preclinical evaluation of recombinant type III collagen-based contact lens rewetting drops.","authors":"Siyang Liu, Yefei Shi, Yuanxin Zhai, Jie Chen, Hanzhuang Teng, Jie Li, Yujie Meng, Jing Li, Shaohui Pan, Haihang Li, Shuxian Hu","doi":"10.3389/fopht.2026.1861277","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fopht.2026.1861277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the physicochemical properties, contact lens compatibility, <i>in vitro</i> cytocompatibility, and repeated-dose ocular safety of a recombinant type III collagen-based contact lens rewetting drop formulation (Col RD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Physicochemical properties were characterized using rheological testing and contact angle measurements. Total residual protein on rigid gas-permeable contact lenses was evaluated using an artificial tear fluid model, followed by non-enzymatic and enzymatic cleaning procedures. <i>In vitro</i> cytocompatibility was assessed using human corneal epithelial cells, including cell viability, adhesion, and migration assays. A one-month repeated-dose ocular safety study was conducted in New Zealand rabbits. Outcomes included slit-lamp examination, fluorescein staining, hematological and serum immunological analysis, and histopathological evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Col RD exhibited shear-thinning rheological behavior and a hydrophilic sequence profile, with viscosity close to that of human tears under blinking-associated shear conditions. Contact angle analysis showed no significant differences compared with commercial lubricants. In the <i>in vitro</i> rigid gas-permeable lens model, Col RD did not increase total residual protein after enzymatic cleaning and showed significantly lower post-cleaning residual protein than the hyaluronic acid-based comparator under the tested conditions. <i>In vitro</i>, Col RD showed no significant adverse effects on corneal epithelial cell viability, adhesion, or migration compared with controls. <i>In vivo</i>, no evident ocular irritation, epithelial damage, inflammatory response, or structural abnormality was observed during the 30-day administration period. Hematological and serum immunological parameters showed no significant differences among groups. Histological analysis revealed no necrosis, fibrosis, neovascularization, or abnormal collagen deposition. Sirius Red showed no evident alteration in type I/III collagen distribution.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Recombinant collagen-based contact lens rewetting drops showed favorable rheological properties, acceptable <i>in vitro</i> cytocompatibility, and no evident ocular irritation after repeated topical administration in rabbits. In an <i>in vitro</i> rigid gas-permeable lens model, Col RD showed low total residual protein after enzymatic cleaning compared with the hyaluronic acid-based formulation. These findings support the preliminary safety and feasibility of incorporating recombinant type III collagen into a PVA-containing lubricating formulation for contact lens rewetting drops. Further studies are needed to evaluate clinical rewetting performance, broader lens-material compatibility, long-term formulation stability, and the relative contribution of recombinant collagen and PVA.</p>","PeriodicalId":73096,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in ophthalmology","volume":"6 ","pages":"1861277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13506455/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148835331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel digital tool to guide provision of near vision glasses for presbyopia correction in the community.","authors":"Marzieh Katibeh, Shalinder Sabherwal, Mohd Javed, Elanor Watts, Sergio Latorre-Arteaga, Nigel M Bolster, Darren Coverley, Alice Pintus, Vince Hewitt, Nam Thaker, Andrew Bastawrous","doi":"10.3389/fopht.2026.1891054","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fopht.2026.1891054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To develop and validate a digital tool to support non-eye specialists, such as community health workers (CHWs), to provide appropriate near vision glasses to correct presbyopia, in line with the WHO SPECS 2030 initiative.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Epidemiological data, and expert survey results, were combined to inform design of a digital tool for the correction of presbyopia. This validity study (a cross-sectional/methods comparison study) took place in Uttar Pradesh, in Northern India, with 378 participants with uncorrected distance visual acuity 6/12 or better in both eyes, but near visual impairment. The difference between near correction power (diopters) recommended by use of the Peek presbyopia calculator in the hands of CHWs at the household, and by optometrist (gold standard) using standard methods in a clinic, was compared using Bland-Altman analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Powers of near vision glasses, as suggested by the Peek presbyopia calculator used by a community health worker, agreed exactly with optometrist-prescribed powers in 92.9% of cases, and were within 0.50D in 99.5% of cases. The mean bias was negligible (-0.012D, SD = 0.15, p=0.12), with a 95% limit of agreement between -0.301 and +0.277 diopters.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The newly developed Peek presbyopia calculator guided provision of near vision glasses for presbyopia with excellent agreement compared to optometrist recommendations, and can be used by non-eye specialists to provide appropriate ready-made near vision glasses for presbyopia correction.</p>","PeriodicalId":73096,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in ophthalmology","volume":"6 ","pages":"1891054"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13500277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148815208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Display color gamut as a spectral risk factor for myopia: a unifying hypothesis linking chromatic emmetropization, cone circuitry dysfunction, and the spectral deficiency of digital screens.","authors":"Pierpaolo Emanuele Maimone","doi":"10.3389/fopht.2026.1901460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fopht.2026.1901460","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The global prevalence of myopia in children rose from 24% in 1990 to 36% in 2023, with projections exceeding 39% by 2050. While time spent outdoors is robustly protective against myopia, the specific spectral properties of light responsible for this protection remain insufficiently characterized. We propose that the spectral power distribution (SPD) of modern digital displays may represent a previously unrecognized environmental risk factor for myopia through the systematic elimination of two wavelength bands critical to emmetropization. All current display technologies emit no measurable light below approximately 420 nm, entirely excluding the violet band (360-400 nm) that activates OPN5/neuropsin (λmax ≈ 380 nm) in retinal ganglion cells. Additionally, the narrow-band RGB primary architecture of displays distorts the cyan-green region (490-560 nm), potentially perturbing the SWS/LWS opponent chromatic signal that the Gawne-Norton dual-detector model identifies as the primary longitudinal chromatic aberration (LCA)-based drive for emmetropization. These two mechanisms are consistent with the dose-response relationship between screen time and myopia risk documented in large-scale epidemiological studies. The hypothesis is grounded in five converging lines of evidence: (1) the OPN5/violet light pathway; (2) the LCA dual-detector emmetropization model; (3) genetic evidence from Blue Cone Monochromacy and Bornholm Eye Disease; (4) red-light therapy trials; and (5) subgroup analyses by display device type. We propose that display color gamut - and the spectral power distribution it determines - currently optimized exclusively for colorimetric fidelity, merits evaluation as a modifiable variable in the global myopia control agenda.</p>","PeriodicalId":73096,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in ophthalmology","volume":"6 ","pages":"1901460"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13493264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148802486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of research productivity among academic neuro-ophthalmologists using the relative citation ratio.","authors":"Matthew N Henderson, Lucy S Guan, Aidan Gilson, Devon A Cohen","doi":"10.3389/fopht.2026.1813075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fopht.2026.1813075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bibliometric analyses within the field of neuro-ophthalmology are limited. The current study utilizes the relative citation ratio (RCR), a National Institutes of Health (NIH) sponsored index that separates measures of research impact and productivity into independent variables, to evaluate scholarly output within this cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fellowship-trained neuro-ophthalmologists at Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)-accredited institutions in the United States were indexed using the NIH iCite database. Publication count, mean RCR score (mRCR), and weighted RCR score (wRCR) were obtained between October 2023 and January 2024. Data were compared using univariate and multivariate ordinary least squares regression analyses, and chi-square tests were used to compare categorical variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cohort included 256 neuro-ophthalmologists from 103 institutions. The majority were male (60.9%), ophthalmology trained (69.1%), and did not hold a PhD (88.3%). Median publication count was 26 (interquartile range [IQR], 8.25-84.50), median mRCR was 1.23 (IQR, 0.78-1.68), and median wRCR was 31.48 (IQR, 7.61-99.94). Professor rank was independently associated with significantly higher publication counts, mRCR, and weighted RCR. Completion of a neurology residency was independently associated with higher mean RCR but not publication count or weighted RCR. Gender was not independently associated with publication count, mRCR, or wRCR after multivariable adjustment. Female faculty were significantly underrepresented among professors despite greater representation within more recent residency cohorts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Academic neuro-ophthalmologists demonstrate high levels of research productivity and impact, with a median mRCR exceeding the NIH benchmark value of 1.0. Academic rank was the strongest independent predictor of cumulative scholarly productivity and article level influence, while completion of a neurology residency was associated with higher average article influence but not greater overall scholarly output. Although research productivity was comparable after adjustment for career stage and academic rank, women remain underrepresented in senior academic positions. These findings establish benchmark RCR values for academic neuro-ophthalmology and provide a framework for future investigations of scholarly development and academic advancement.</p>","PeriodicalId":73096,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in ophthalmology","volume":"6 ","pages":"1813075"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13489797/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148802529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of light in eye growth and light as a therapy for myopia control.","authors":"Neeraj K Singh, Jesson Martin","doi":"10.3389/fopht.2026.1812006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fopht.2026.1812006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The escalating global prevalence of myopia-projected to affect nearly 5 billion individuals by 2050-represents one of the most pressing public health challenges of the 21st century. This comprehensive review synthesizes current evidence on light-mediated mechanisms governing ocular growth and their therapeutic explorations for myopia prevention and control. We examine how specific wavelengths, illuminance levels, and temporal exposure patterns influence emmetropization through chromatic aberration processing, photobiomodulation, and circadian regulation. This review provides a mechanistic framework for understanding how environmental light exposures shape refractive development and offers evidence-based guidance for implementing light-based interventions in clinical practice. As myopia transitions from a simple refractive error to a complex, multifactorial disease, these biologically informed approaches represent a paradigm shift toward prevention-focused management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":73096,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in ophthalmology","volume":"6 ","pages":"1812006"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13487529/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148802514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A longitudinal analysis of myopia progression and its predictors in a Ghanaian clinical cohort.","authors":"Gifty Frimpong, Eldrick Adu Acquah, Daniel Kwao Pecku, Julian Sakyibea Yeboah, Farida Ayinbono Selase Afenyo, Augustine Ntunyin Dery, Isaiah Osei Duah Junior, Albert Kwadjo Amoah Andoh, Werner Eisenbarth, David Ben Kumah, Kwadwo Owusu Akuffo","doi":"10.3389/fopht.2026.1878709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fopht.2026.1878709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the rate of myopia progression among a clinical cohort in Ghana.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted using electronic medical records (EMRs) of all patients attending a tertiary eye care center in Ghana. Annual refractive data were extracted from January 2021 to December 2023. Myopia was defined as a spherical equivalent refraction (SER) of ≤ -0.50 D in at least one eye. Myopia progression was assessed by calculating the annual change in SER between visits, with progression defined as an SER change of ≤ -0.50 D/year. Given the moderate inter-eye correlation in progression rates, both eyes were analyzed independently.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 4,010 EMRs reviewed during the study period, 280 patients with myopia were identified. After applying the eligibility criteria, 231 patient records were included in the final analysis. The mean age of participants was 29.41 ± 14.92 years (range: 5-81 years), and the majority were female (60.6%; n = 140). The mean rate of myopia progression was -0.063 D/year in the right eye and -0.089 D/year in the left eye. Using a progression threshold of ≤ -0.50 D/year in at least one eye, 17.7% of participants were classified as progressors, while 82.3% were non-progressors. In multivariable regression analyses adjusted for sex, age remained a significant predictor of myopia progression in our cohort (B = -0.043, SE = 0.014, p = 0.001; AOR = 0.958, 95% CI: 0.933-0.983).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this clinical cohort, myopia progression was generally slow, with fewer than one in five patients meeting the criteria for significant progression. Older age was independently associated with a lower risk of progression, whereas sex showed no significant association. These findings indicate that myopia progression in this predominantly adult Ghanaian population is relatively modest compared with rates reported in younger populations, and identify age as a key determinant of progression in routine clinical care.</p>","PeriodicalId":73096,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in ophthalmology","volume":"6 ","pages":"1878709"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13472814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148765393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: Marked bilateral optic disc edema as the presenting manifestation of thyroid eye disease with dysthyroid optic neuropathy.","authors":"Isabella V Y Gomes, Sara Krachmalnick, Christine Ryu, Leanne Stunkel","doi":"10.3389/fopht.2026.1870279","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fopht.2026.1870279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to report an atypical presentation of dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON) characterized by severe bilateral optic disc edema mimicking papilledema.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 71-year-old man with hypothyroidism presented with 6 months of progressive bilateral vision loss and Frisén grade 4-5 optic disc edema. Comprehensive neuro-ophthalmic evaluation, orbital imaging, and laboratory testing were performed to establish the diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Despite presenting with severe optic disc edema typically associated with papilledema, imaging revealed Type 2 thyroid eye disease with apical muscular crowding exceeding 67% and elevated thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin. Normal lumbar puncture opening pressure excluded elevated intracranial pressure. Following treatment with high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone and staged bilateral three-wall orbital decompression, visual acuity improved from 20/30 to 20/20 bilaterally, with complete resolution of disc edema and visual field defects at 3 months follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Severe optic disc edema is an uncommon but important presenting feature of DON that may mimic papilledema. This case emphasizes the critical importance of considering thyroid eye disease in the differential diagnosis of bilateral optic disc edema, even in the absence of prominent orbital signs, and demonstrates excellent visual outcomes with prompt corticosteroid therapy and surgical decompression.</p>","PeriodicalId":73096,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in ophthalmology","volume":"6 ","pages":"1870279"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13454894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148708653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-genomics data mining identified critical transcription factors and immune response pathways in traumatic optic nerve injury and retinal injury.","authors":"Jinjun Li, Yong Zhang, Shu Zhou","doi":"10.3389/fopht.2026.1762890","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fopht.2026.1762890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Traumatic optic nerve and retinal injuries can lead to severe visual impairment, with undetermined underlying molecular mechanism and few reliable molecular biomarkers. This study aims to identify dysregulated genes and signaling pathways potentially involved in these injuries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We first identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and their enriched functions using two time-course gene expression profile datasets after retinal injury of rats. The hub genes were then obtained from DEGs by protein-protein interaction network, and then assessed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to check their diagnostic potential in experimental datasets. The potential miRNAs and transcriptional factors (TFs) of hub genes were also investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 312 and 262 DEGs from the two datasets, respectively, with 31 overlapped up DEGs in injury group. These co-up DEGs were highly enriched in immune response-associated pathways and visual system development pathways, including the pivotal JAK-STAT signaling pathway. We then identified 7 hub genes, of which six (<i>Aif1</i>, <i>Cntf</i>, <i>Gfap</i>, <i>Lcn2</i>, <i>Stat1</i>, and <i>Stat3</i>) were validated to be associated with diagnostic relevance in experimental datasets. We predicted 54 miRNAs and 25 TFs participating in the regulatory network of hub genes. Finally, we identified that STAT1 and STAT3 were potential transcriptional regulators in hub genes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We identified six critical hub genes and potential regulators that may participate in traumatic optic nerve injury, extending the underlying mechanisms of retinal injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":73096,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in ophthalmology","volume":"6 ","pages":"1762890"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13453782/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148708727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of negative pressure to the periocular microenvironment to lower IOP in patients implanted with telemetric IOP sensor: report of two early studies of the FSYX ocular pressure adjusting pump.","authors":"Michael D Greenwood, Tanner J Ferguson, Lars Choritz, Thomas W Samuelson, Jamie J Beckman, H Burkhard Dick, Iqbal K Ahmed, John P Berdahl","doi":"10.3389/fopht.2026.1887910","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fopht.2026.1887910","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The purpose of this study was to determine the effect on intraocular pressure (IOP) of applying negative pressure (NP) to the periocular space, as measured by an intraocular IOP sensor in human eyes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eyes with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) and previously implanted with the eyemate^®-IO IOP-measuring device (Implandata Ophthalmic Products GmbH (now G-Metrics GmbH)) wore an early prototype of the FSYX™ Ocular Pressure Adjusting Pump (OPAP; Balance Ophthalmics, Inc.) in two separate studies: \"Eyemate 1\" and \"Eyemate 2.\" In Eyemate 1, study eyes received periorbital NP application at -10mmHg with OPAP for 70 to 110 minutes vs no NP in the fellow control eye. In Eyemate 2, eyes wore OPAP for 8 hours of continuous NP application set to 50% of the eye's baseline IOP vs no NP in the fellow control eye. In both studies, IOP was measured in real time using the implanted eyemate-IO device. The primary effectiveness endpoint in both studies was the change from baseline IOP in the study eye, as measured with eyemate-IO.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All seven study eyes demonstrated immediate and sustained reductions in IOP during NP application. In Eyemate 1, three study eyes had individual mean steady-state IOP reductions of 31%, 51%, and 23% from baseline. In Eyemate 2, four study eyes had a mean 8-hour IOP reduction of 20% from baseline. All patients tolerated goggle wear and NP application.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These studies provided early proof-of-concept evidence that NP application to the periocular space lowers IOP, as measured by an implanted intraocular sensor, and was well tolerated over short-term use. Given the small, uncontrolled or open-label designs, these findings are hypothesis-generating; larger, controlled studies are required to confirm efficacy and characterize safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":73096,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in ophthalmology","volume":"6 ","pages":"1887910"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13453810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148708596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}