Frontiers in dental medicine最新文献

{"title":"Investigating possible shared single nucleotide polymorphisms in isolated oral cleft and non-cleft facial morphology.","authors":"Erika Calvano Küchler, Michelle Nascimento Meger, Bruna Correia Rauta Pires, Svenja Beisel-Memmert, Daniel Hemming, Ricardo D Coletta, Rafaela Scariot, Mírian Aiko Nakane Matsumoto, Maria Angelica Hueb de Menezes Oliveira, Christian Kirschneck, Bianca Cavalcante-Leão","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1546295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdmed.2025.1546295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Facial morphogenesis is regulated by several cellular interactions that are mediated by numerous morphogenetic signals. Based on the existing evidence, we hypothesize that oral cleft-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are involved in the normal range of human face development. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between SNPs in oral cleft-related genes and variations in the normal range of facial morphology.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A sample of healthy Brazilian teenagers (aged between 11 and 18 years old) were screened and collected. Frontal facial digitized photographs from orthodontic records were used to determine phenotypes, while the DNA extracted from saliva samples was used to investigate the candidate SNPs. Five oral cleft-associated SNPs in <i>BMP2</i> (<i>rs235768</i>), <i>BMP4</i> (<i>rs17563</i>), <i>WNT3A</i> (<i>rs708111</i>), <i>WNT11</i> (<i>rs1533767</i>), and <i>RUNX2</i> (<i>rs1200425</i>) were selected, and allelic discrimination analysis was performed using real-time PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 58 individuals (27 boys and 31 girls) were included. The facial landmarks used for the facial measurements were the trichion (Tr), glabella (G), nassion (N), subnasale (Sn), labrale superior (Ls), labrale inferior (Li), gnathion (Gn), cheilon (Ch), and zygoma (Zg). <i>rs17563</i> in <i>BMP4</i> was associated with lip proportion, in which individuals with the homozygous GG genotype had a higher Ch-Ch:Ls-Li proportion than the heterozygous AG genotype (<i>p</i> = 0.034). rs1533767 in <i>WNT11</i> was associated with G-Sn:Sn-Gn (<i>p</i> = 0.028), N-Gn:Sn-Gn (<i>p</i> = 0.035), and Sn-Gn:Tr-Gn (<i>p</i> = 0.039).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study supported the hypothesis that oral cleft-associated SNPs are involved in the normal range of human facial morphology.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"6 ","pages":"1546295"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12037601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144044110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of intracanal cryotherapy on postoperative pain in necrotic teeth with symptomatic apical periodontitis: a randomized controlled clinical trial.","authors":"Muhammad Zubair Ahmad","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1543383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdmed.2025.1543383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present study aimed to assess the effects of intracanal cryotherapy on pain following single-visit non-surgical root canal treatment (NSRCT) of molar teeth with pulpal necrosis and symptomatic apical periodontitis (SAP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This parallel-two arm, single-blind, randomized superiority clinical trial was registered at www.clincaltrials.gov (NCT05611736). Patients referred for NSRCT meeting the inclusion criteria were included. Preoperative radiographs, pulp sensibility tests, and pain scores on the visual analog scale (VAS) were recorded. Following shaping and cleaning, 302 patients were randomly allocated to the two groups (<i>n</i> = 151). In the experimental group, final irrigation was done using 0.9% physiologic saline solution at 2.5 °C, whereas in the control group, final irrigation was done using the same solution at room temperature. All treatments were performed in a single visit. Analgesics intake and presence, duration, and intensity of pain using the VAS at 6, 24, 72 h, and 1 week were recorded. Any adverse events were recorded. Data was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> test and the Student's <i>t</i> test (<i>P</i> < 5%).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients in the cryotherapy group had significantly less postoperative pain at 6, 24, and 72 h (<i>P</i> < 0.05). There was no difference in postoperative pain at 1 week (<i>P</i> > 0.05). No adverse event was recorded in either group during or immediately after root canal treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cryotherapy significantly reduces postoperative pain in single-visit root canal treatment of molars with pulp necrosis and SAP. It can be considered a biocompatible, economical, and straightforward method for managing postoperative pain.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>www.clincaltrials.gov, identifier (NCT05611736).</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"6 ","pages":"1543383"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12034532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144044109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"India's oral health outlook: challenges, economic impact and need for preventative strategies.","authors":"Prashant Narang, Ashok Dhoble, Manu Mathur, Salaj Rana, Steve Mason, Asif Ali","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1544899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdmed.2025.1544899","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review explores the economic and behavioral dimensions of oral health in India, emphasizing the economic burden, treatment-seeking behaviors, and policy-level interventions needed to improve oral health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A mixed-method approach was employed, integrating primary data from the Oral Health Observatory (OHO) project (2016-2020) and a systematic review of secondary literature. The OHO project surveyed dental clinic patients using mobile app questionnaires, focusing on oral health behaviors, barriers, and outcomes. Secondary data were analyzed from PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase databases to assess the economic implications of oral health care in India.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The OHO data revealed a steady decline in routine dental visits after the age of 35-44 years, while emergency visits persisted across age groups. Gender disparities were observed, with men reporting higher dissatisfaction, greater oral pain, and work disruptions compared to women. Only 44.7% of participants brushed twice daily, and 36.7% brushed before bed. Secondary findings reveal that untreated oral diseases have a higher economic impact than preventive measures. This highlights the need for consumer awareness, strategic policies, and sustainable healthcare frameworks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>India faces significant challenges in oral health due to low awareness, insufficient infrastructure, and economic barriers. Strengthening preventive strategies, increasing public-private partnerships, and integrating oral health education into primary care can dramatically reduce costs and improve population outcomes. A shift from reactive to preventive care is essential for ensuring equitable and sustainable oral health solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"6 ","pages":"1544899"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12016223/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiofilm potential of plant extracts: inhibiting oral microorganisms and <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>.","authors":"Nomi Bartels, Aikaterini Argyropoulou, Ali Al-Ahmad, Elmar Hellwig, Alexios Leandros Skaltsounis, Annette Wittmer, Kirstin Vach, Lamprini Karygianni","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1535753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdmed.2025.1535753","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>A range of disinfectant mouthwashes are available for oral hygiene. The gold standard is Chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX), which, like other available products, cannot be used without side effects in the long term. However, in recent years, therapy with herbal products, often considered antiquated, has regained considerable interest. Therefore, the search for plant compounds as an alternative to existing oral disinfectants is meaningful.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, eleven Mediterranean plant extracts were tested for their antimicrobial effect <i>in vitro</i>. Methanol extracts of the following plants were produced by the pharmaceutical faculty of the University of Athens: <i>Mentha aquatica</i>, <i>Mentha longifolia</i>, <i>Sideritis euboea</i>, <i>Sideritis syriaca</i>, <i>Stachys spinosa</i>, <i>Satureja parnassica</i>, <i>Satureja thymbra</i>, <i>Lavandula stoechas</i>, <i>Achillea taygetea</i>, <i>Phlomis cretica</i>, and <i>Vaccinium myrtillus</i>. The extracts were dissolved for microdilution experiments at concentrations ranging from 10 to 0.019 mg/ml. The oral pathogens tested were <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>, <i>Streptococcus oralis</i>, <i>Streptococcus sobrinus</i>, <i>Prevotella intermedia</i>, <i>Fusobacterium nucleatum</i>, <i>Parvimonas micra</i>, <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>, and <i>Candida albicans</i>. <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, and <i>Escherichia coli</i> were used as references.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All extracts, except the methanol extract of <i>V. myrtillus</i>, showed an antibacterial effect at concentrations ranging from 10 to 0.15 mg/ml. None of the extracts exhibited a significant antifungal effect. In general, the anaerobic pathogens could be inhibited and killed at lower concentrations compared to the aerobic pathogens. <i>S. oralis</i> also showed good susceptibility to the extracts. Additionally, the extracts' ability to inhibit biofilm formation by <i>S. mutans</i> was tested. <i>L. stoechas</i> at a concentration of 0.3 mg/ml showed a moderate inhibitory effect. The extracts of <i>L. stoechas</i>, <i>S. thymbra</i>, <i>S. parnassica</i>, and the methanol extract of <i>V. myrtillus</i> were effective at concentrations up to 1.25 mg/ml. <i>P. cretica</i> was able to inhibit and kill <i>S. mutans</i> at a concentration of 0.6 mg/ml, but its effectiveness in biofilm inhibition significantly decreased at 2.5 mg/ml.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The study's hypothesis that all extracts would exhibit an antimicrobial effect was thus confirmed.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"6 ","pages":"1535753"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12006170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144024831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing disparities in oral health access and outcomes for aging adults in the United States.","authors":"Adam Lowenstein, Mabi L Singh, Athena S Papas","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1522892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdmed.2025.1522892","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral health is essential for the overall well-being of aging adults, yet significant disparities persist in the United States, contributing to malnutrition, reduced quality of life, and social isolation. Despite advancements in preventive dentistry, older adults continue to face substantial oral health challenges. This study reviewed the current state of oral health among aging adults in the United States, analyzing national health surveys and existing preventive dentistry protocols to assess their effectiveness. National data indicated that a high percentage of older adults experience tooth loss, periodontal disease, and root caries. Results indicated that almost 40% of adults aged 65 and older have lost a significant number of teeth, and a large proportion of the aging adult population has suffered from high rates of caries and periodontal disease. Socioeconomic factors were found to significantly influence access to dental care. Key barriers included low income, inadequate insurance, and low oral health literacy exacerbating disparities. The study proposes a multifaceted approach to improve oral health equity, including policy changes, community-based preventive programs, enhanced geriatric dentistry education, and the integration of oral health into primary care. Addressing these disparities is needed to improve both oral and overall health outcomes for the growing elderly population in the United States.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"6 ","pages":"1522892"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11996817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: The etiology and pathogenesis of craniomaxillofacial birth defects.","authors":"Huaxiang Zhao, Wenbin Huang, Huan Liu, Yongchu Pan","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1592762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdmed.2025.1592762","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"6 ","pages":"1592762"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986992/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143993742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of age, sex, and mandibular morphometric parameters on cortical bone width and erosion: a panoramic radiography study.","authors":"Bramma Kiswanjaya, Shafira Ramadhanti Taufiq, Syurri Innaddinna Syahraini, Akihiro Yoshihara","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1558372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdmed.2025.1558372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study evaluated the relationship between age, sex, and mandibular morphological changes, focusing particularly on mandibular cortical width (MCW) and mandibular cortical index (MCI), using panoramic radiography.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 300 panoramic radiographs were analyzed. Mandibular morphometric parameters were measured, including ramus height, maximum and minimum ramus width, gonial angle, bigonial width, condylar height, coronoid height, MCW, and MCI. Statistical analysis included Spearman's correlation, multiple regression, and logistic regression to assess the relationships between mandibular morphology, cortical width, and cortical erosion with age and sex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences were observed across age and sex groups in most mandibular parameters. Men had significantly larger values for ramus height, bigonial width, and condylar height, while women showed a wider gonial angle. Age was negatively correlated with MCW (<i>r</i> = -0.522, <i>p</i> = 0.000) and positively correlated with MCI (<i>r</i> = 0.388, <i>p</i> = 0.000), indicating that cortical width decreases and cortical erosion increases with age. In the multiple regression analysis, age (<i>B</i> = -0.028, <i>p</i> = 0.000) and MCI (<i>B</i> = -0.391, <i>p</i> = 0.000) were strong negative predictors of MCW. In contrast, condylar height (<i>B</i> = 0.024, <i>p</i> = 0.007) positively influenced MCW, explaining 41.5% of the variance in cortical width (<i>R</i>² = 0.415). The logistic regression analysis revealed that MCW [Exp(<i>B</i>) = 0.157, <i>p</i> = 0.000], sex [Exp(<i>B</i>) = 2.251, <i>p</i> = 0.005], and age [Exp(<i>B</i>) = 1.062, <i>p</i> = 0.000] significantly predicted MCI, with thinner mandibular cortices, female sex, and older age associated with higher MCI values (severe cortical erosion). Each 1 mm decrease in MCW increased the likelihood of being in a higher MCI class by 84%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Women were more than twice as likely to exhibit greater cortical erosion than men. This study demonstrated that age, sex, and mandibular morphometric parameters significantly influenced MCW and erosion.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"6 ","pages":"1558372"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11983699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heavy metal content of over-the-counter toothpastes-a systematic review of <i>in vitro</i> studies.","authors":"Kavery Chengappa, Ashwini Rao, Ramya Shenoy, Mithun Pai, Praveen Jodalli, Avinash Br","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1543972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdmed.2025.1543972","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Heavy metal contamination of the environment has become a global problem because of their toxicity, environmental persistence, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification. The daily use of toothpastes containing heavy metals can be a threat to the environment since they can bioaccumulate and reach toxic proportions, affecting water, soil and living organisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review was performed to identify, assess, and compile information from the literature that looks into the possibility of heavy metals in toothpastes. The keyword search resulted in a total of 9,409 articles. After removal of duplicates, screening of titles and the abstracts, eleven studies that met the inclusion criteria were included. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Quality Assessment Tool for <i>in vitro</i> Studies (QUIN).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All eleven included studies reported the presence of heavy metals in one form or the other. This systematic review provides evidence for the presence of heavy metals in toothpastes from around the world.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In addition to being harmful to the consumer's health, these toothpastes are also harmful to the environment. Toothpaste containing heavy metals contributes to the already high level of heavy metal pollution in the environment from industrial and agricultural processes. There is a need for specific guidelines on the limits for heavy metals in toothpastes, with a clear distinction between essential and nonessential metals. More evidence from all parts of the world is needed to understand the gravity of the situation and to carry out remedial measures.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/V9P2D.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"6 ","pages":"1543972"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11979237/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144008875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic potential of curcumin in regenerative dentistry.","authors":"Anahid A Birjandi, Paul Sharpe","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1537478","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1537478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Natural compounds have emerged as promising candidates in drug development due to their potent immunomodulatory anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, analgesic, and healing properties. They have shown significant therapeutic potential in clinical applications, such as mouth rinses, toothpastes, and localized delivery systems. The use of natural alternatives can contribute to tackling antimicrobial resistance. Among natural compounds, curcumin has gained particular attention, demonstrating robust anti-cancer, antibiotic, and anti-inflammatory activities in numerous <i>in vivo</i> studies, while exhibiting a favorable safety profile for the treatment of various diseases. In this study, the remedial effects of curcumin and its metabolite, tetrahydrocurcumin, on dental pulp were explored. In addition, these results were compared with our previous findings on the effects of these natural compounds on periodontal ligament and gingival epithelial cells, further broadening our understanding of their therapeutic potential in oral disease such as caries and periodontitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>RNA sequencing was used to investigate the differentially expressed genes in dental pulp cells following treatments with curcumin and tetrahydrocurcumin.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We show that treatment of dental pulp cells with 1 μM of curcumin or tetrahydrocurcumin is sufficient to promote Wnt signaling pathway in dental pulp cells. Curcumin treatment promotes the upregulation of cellular metabolism and enhances cellular response to stress. Our enrichment analysis shows that treatment with tetrahydrocurcumin modulates the extracellular matrix and angiogenesis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this study highlight the cytoprotective and regenerative properties of curcumin and tetrahydrocurcumin. These properties could be leveraged as a therapeutic approach to promote tissue regeneration in oral diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"6 ","pages":"1537478"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11973315/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salivary periostin levels as a non-invasive biomarker and their clinical correlates among healthy and periodontitis patients-a cross-sectional analytical study.","authors":"Priyanka Padalkar, Sunaina Shetty Yadadi, Gopinath Vivekanandan, Shishir Ram Shetty, Mangesh Andhare, Aditi Pashine, Vineet Vinay, Vijay Desai, Raghavendra M Shetty","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1512252","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1512252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The diagnosis of periodontitis is primarily through clinical and radiographic assessments. However, it is difficult for clinicians to detect incipient periodontitis during the routine clinical assessment. Identifying people at risk for periodontitis and tracking disease development need a dependable biomarker. Currently, no biomarkers meet all the criteria required for an ideal diagnostic test. Therefore, the clinical utility of salivary periostin as a potential screening tool for periodontitis warrants further investigation, particularly through large samples across diverse populations. The present study aimed to investigate salivary periostin levels as a biomarker in individuals with periodontitis and healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-five patients with generalized periodontitis stage III grade A/B and an equivalent number of periodontally healthy controls were evaluated for plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), pocket probing depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL). Unstimulated salivary samples from all subjects were taken, and periostin levels were quantified using an ELISA kit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average salivary periostin levels were 4.63 in the healthy group and 1.24 in the periodontitis group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The Spearman coefficient indicated a negative correlation between periostin levels and the gingival index (<i>r</i> = -0.761), plaque index (<i>r</i> = -0.780; <i>P</i> < 0.05), probing pocket depth (PPD) (<i>r</i> = -0.713; <i>P</i> < 0.05) and clinical attachment level (CAL) (<i>r</i> = -0.713; <i>P</i> < 0.05). Linear regression analysis validated the indirect correlation between salivary periostin levels and clinical indicators (Adjusted R square = 0.947).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Salivary periostin levels are associated with periodontal disease. Salivary periostin levels indirectly influence as a non-invasive biomarker of periodontitis. The biomarker periostin is effective for evaluating both healthy and diseased periodontium.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"6 ","pages":"1512252"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11961936/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143775087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}