Frontiers in dental medicine最新文献

{"title":"An integrated approach to tracking mandibular position relative to incisal and condylar envelopes of motion during intraoral clinical procedures: a new look at TMJ movements.","authors":"Jing-Sheng Li, Douglas S Ramsay, Andrea B Burke, Greg J Huang, Fritzie I Arce-McShane","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1654118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdmed.2025.1654118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Current methods for tracking temporomandibular joint (TMJ) movements are difficult to perform during dental procedures. Yet precise and accurate quantification of mandibular movements is critical for understanding temporomandibular biomechanics and how certain movements may contribute to temporomandibular dysfunction. This is particularly relevant to clinical procedures that might move the mandible near or beyond its functional range of motion. We present a novel approach that integrates cone-beam computed tomography, optical intra-oral scans, and six degree-of-freedom electromagnetic sensor data to quantify mandibular movements. This method employs rigid body transformations to generate subject-specific three-dimensional (3D) envelopes of motion and assess whether incisal and condylar landmarks remain within their functional 3D envelopes of motion. We demonstrate the clinical utility of this approach through simulated mandibular poses presented relative to the limits of incisal and condylar envelopes created from that individual's voluntary border movements. Our findings reveal that condylar or incisal points in simulated mandibular poses are located beyond their normal motion envelopes, highlighting the importance of simultaneous monitoring of incisal and condylar landmarks. This methodology provides a clinically relevant tool for understanding temporomandibular biomechanics and it has the potential to signal clinicians when jaw movements during dental and oral surgical procedures approach or exceed the jaw's functional range of motion and such corrective feedback could prevent adverse effects on the TMJ.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"6 ","pages":"1654118"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12484160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145214622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Filling the gaps sustainably: an island case study of rural dental workforce challenges.","authors":"Silvana Bettiol, Arish Naresh, Shahrukh Khan","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1640643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdmed.2025.1640643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tasmania faces ongoing challenges in providing equitable oral health care across its geographically dispersed and ageing population. Tasmania has the lowest dental practitioner-to-population ratio in Australia, alongside long wait times and limited access to care in rural and regional areas. This perspective explores the demographic and workforce distribution trends that influence oral health service delivery in Tasmania using Census data, regulatory records, and key public sector audits. We highlight critical gaps in service provision and policy, reflect on the implications of the workforce maldistribution, argue for expanding the oral health therapy workforce and explore the transdisciplinary approaches currently implemented that prioritise sustainable, community-integrated oral health care. Such models align with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being), but also encompass SDGs 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 13 and 17, which respond to environmental and social contexts. This perspective highlights the intersections of planetary health, oral health, and community well-being, arguing that sustainable, health-centred solutions must address both human and environmental health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"6 ","pages":"1640643"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12484224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145214617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mineralization, anti-demineralization, and antibacterial effects of novel Bioactive Universal Bond with calcium salt monomers on dental caries.","authors":"Bayarchimeg Altankhishig, Yasuhiro Matsuda, Yaxin Rao, Takashi Saito","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1633158","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1633158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the mineralization, anti-demineralization, and antibacterial properties of a novel bioactive universal adhesive containing the calcium salt of 4-methacryloxyethyl trimellitate acid (CMET). Four adhesives were evaluated: Bioactive Universal Bond with CMET (BA), Clearfil Universal Bond Quick (CU), Prime & Bond Universal (PB), and Scotchbond Universal Plus Adhesive (SUB). To assess mineralization properties, BA specimens were immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37°C, in line with ISO 23317, and the induced crystals were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. Anti-demineralization was evaluated by applying each adhesive to polished bovine dentin, followed by a one-week pH cycling protocol. Transverse microradiography (TMR) was used to quantify the integrated mineral loss. The antibacterial activity was assessed using eluates prepared by immersing the cured specimens in distilled water for seven days, followed by serial dilutions (10%, 5%, 1%, and 0.5%). These eluates were incubated with <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>, <i>Actinomyces viscosus</i>, and <i>Lactobacillus casei</i> for 24 h at 37°C. Viable bacterial counts were determined using the quantitative polymerase chain reaction following propidium monoazide treatment. BA exhibited distinct mineralization in SBF, likely attributable to CMET, and was characterized by the formation of octacalcium-phosphate-like crystals. TMR analysis showed that BA significantly suppressed demineralization at the dentin-material interface in relation to the other adhesives. In antibacterial assays, 5% and 10% BA eluates markedly suppressed the growth of <i>S. mutans</i> and <i>A. viscosus,</i> whereas CU, PB, and SUB exhibited inhibitory effects at only 10% concentration for <i>S. mutans</i> and had no impact on <i>A. viscosus</i>. Notably, only the 10% BA eluate significantly inhibited <i>L. casei</i> growth. Despite the limitations of the <i>in vitro</i> experiments, these findings suggest that BA possesses multifunctional properties, supporting its potential as an effective adhesive system for the prevention and treatment of caries. Furthermore, its demonstrated bioactivity suggests promising applications across various biomedical fields, such as antibacterial coatings for medical devices, bone-regenerative scaffolds, and bioactive interfaces in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"6 ","pages":"1633158"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12477213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145202002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New ways of thinking for sustainable oral health: how integrating oral, respiratory, and postural health into early childhood development can drive innovation and research.","authors":"Valentina Gecha, Roger Price","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1659546","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1659546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This Perspective presents an emerging integrative model for early childhood health promotion, developed within For the Health of Future Generations (HFG) initiative. The model translates evolving definitions of oral health into culturally adaptive, school-based interventions that integrate oral, respiratory, postural, and musculoskeletal health within early learning systems. Rooted in transdisciplinary collaboration, the HFG protocol promotes upstream prevention through functional health routines, health literacy, and early observation. Preliminary field experience from the ongoing four-year, multi-country pilot program in diverse early learning settings revealed concerning patterns in children's functional health and behavioral readiness for school, as perceived by educators and caregivers. Interviews suggest increasing challenges in school transition and a lack of physiological maturity among children. These findings underscore the need for integrative, developmentally supportive strategies in early education. By embedding health-enabling practices into early learning environments, the HFG model offers a pathway toward more equitable, sustainable child development frameworks aligned with WHO priorities and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 3, 4, 11, and 13.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"6 ","pages":"1659546"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12477020/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145202043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification and treatment of food impaction.","authors":"Wenxi Ma, Jianye Zhou, Bin Ma","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1614381","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1614381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Food impaction is a prevalent dental issue where food becomes trapped in interproximal spaces or near restored teeth, leading to discomfort, periodontal disorders, and tooth wear. This review explores the classification and treatment of food impaction, focusing on vertical and horizontal types. Effective management necessitates a thorough examination of the underlying causes to determine the most suitable approach. Vertical impaction is typically addressed through restoring adjacent contacts, adjusting occlusion, reshaping teeth or prostheses, and modifying both adjacent and opposing teeth. Horizontal impaction is managed with periodontal therapy, gingival and papillary reconstruction, addressing dentition deficiencies, and promoting oral hygiene and healthy lifestyle habits. It is crucial to avoid iatrogenic factors as well. Despite advancements in classification and treatment approaches, several limitations persist, including insufficient personalized treatment planning, a lack of longitudinal studies, and inconsistent multidisciplinary collaboration. Future research should prioritize the development of personalized treatment strategies, long-term studies, and the application of innovative technologies to improve treatment outcomes and reduce the incidence of food impaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"6 ","pages":"1614381"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463848/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145187463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological trends and incidence prediction of periodontal disease based on the Global Burden of Disease study 2021.","authors":"Keke Zhang, Yingyi Ma, Jinfang Shi, Yudong Geng","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1643049","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1643049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to assess the burden and long-term trends of periodontal disease at the global level, and to predict future trends.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Age-standardized YLD rates (ASYRs) of periodontal disease were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study database. Estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was calculated. The time trend of ASYRs caused by periodontal disease was quantified. ARIMA and ES models were used to predict the future trend of periodontal disease.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2021, DALYs and YLDs caused by periodontal disease at the global level were 173.97 person-years and 173.97 person-years, respectively. The number of cases was 5,077,653, the prevalence rate was 27,093/100,000, and the incidence rate was 1,855/100,000. From 1990 to 2021, the burden of periodontal disease showed a downward trend. DALYS, YLDs and prevalence were the highest in low SDI and low-middle SDI areas, but the incidence was lower. In 2021, the incidence rate was the highest in tropical Latin America, and the DALY burden was the heaviest in high-income and low-income areas of the Commonwealth, showing the same trend globally. There was a negative correlation between periodontal disease burden and sociodemographic index (SDI). Based on the ARIMA model, the age-standardized incidence of periodontal disease is expected to decrease to 1,854.07/100,000 by 2050. The age-standardized incidence of periodontal disease will be reduced to 1,858.60/100,000. The ES model is more conservative, and it is expected that by 2050, the age-standardized incidence of periodontal disease will be reduced to 1,828.73/100,000. The age-standardized incidence of periodontal disease will be reduced to 1,841.50/100,000.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ASYRs caused by global periodontal disease have decreased slightly, but they will continue to cause huge losses to healthy life in the future due to population aging and longer life expectancy. It is suggested that the prevention and treatment of periodontal disease should be carried out effectively in combination with the distribution characteristics and causes of periodontal disease in the world.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"6 ","pages":"1643049"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460341/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145187478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soft tissue evaluation of functional therapy in growing patients with class II malocclusion: mandibular advancement vs. twin block-a retrospective study.","authors":"L Lugli, C Pavoni, F C De Razza, F Gazzani, S Loberto, E Cretella Lombardo, P Cozza, R Lione","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1581032","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1581032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the soft tissues changes resulting from Class II treatment with functional appliances (Twin Block vs. Mandibular Advancement), when compared to an untreated Class II control group.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The records of 45 Class II patients who underwent treatment with Twin Block (TB group: <i>n</i> = 22; mean age: 11.3 ± 1.4 years) or Mandibular Advancement (MA group: <i>n</i> = 23; mean age: 11.2 ± 1.3 years) were analyzed in comparison with a control sample of untreated Class II subjects (Untreated Control group = 24; mean age: 11.2 ± 1.1 years). The data were collected before treatment (T1) and at the conclusion of the functional therapy phase (T2). Cephalometric modifications were assessed among the three groups using ANOVA and Tukey's <i>post hoc</i> tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant improvements were observed for mandibular sulcus and the facial profile angle in the treated groups compared to the Untreated control group (facial profile angle: TB group: +5.67°; MA group: +6.34°; mandibular sulcus: TB group: +10.0°; MA group: 11.77°). The distance of Pogonion (Pg) to the True Vertical Line (TVL) exhibited significant differences among the three groups, with a more pronounced advancement of the soft tissue pogonion in the TB group (TVL-Pg': TB group: +3 mm; MA group: +0.9 mm; untreated control group: -1.6 mm).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Treatment with removable functional devices (TB or MA) during puberty produced beneficial effects on the soft tissue profile. Both treated groups demonstrated a significant improvement in the Class II convex profile, accompanied by a less evident mandibular sulcus.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"6 ","pages":"1581032"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12436345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyclic fatigue resistance of a blue heat-treated engine-driven file with different angles of canal access using different kinematics; an <i>in vitro</i> study.","authors":"Bassem Eid, Mohammed Kataia, Tarek Elsewify","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1636746","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1636746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the effect of angle of access and kinematics on the dynamic cyclic fatigue resistance of E3 Azure rotary NiTi files at body temperature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty E3 Azure files, 25/06, were randomly divided into two equal groups according to the kinematics used, rotation, and reciprocation. Each group was further divided into two equal subgroups (<i>n</i> = 20) according to the angle of file access, zero degrees and 30 degrees. The files were placed in custom-made stainless-steel canals and operated using the manufacturer's recommendations for speed, torque, and angle of reciprocation settings till fracture. The time to fracture and the fracture length were measured. Statistical analysis was performed at a significance of 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Samples instrumented using reciprocation motion had significantly higher time to fracture than those with continuous rotation (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Samples with zero-degree access angle had significantly higher time to fracture than those with 30° (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The motion and the angle of file access significantly influence the cyclic fatigue resistance of E3 Azure files. Reciprocation motion and a smaller angle of access improve the fatigue resistance of E3 Azure files.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Reciprocation motion and establishment of straight-line access enhance the safety and efficiency of E3 Azure files.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"6 ","pages":"1636746"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12417521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145042459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective analysis of common diseases in pediatric oral emergency patients of Ningbo.","authors":"Jun-Ji Xu, Lan-Qiu Lv, Shanshan Guo","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1533546","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1533546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With the increase in the resident population and the number of children in Ningbo, as well as the growing demand for oral health care, the number of children's dental emergencies has been increasing year by year. This trend not only increases the pressure on medical resources, but also puts higher demands on the level of children's oral emergency care. In order to better guide the diagnosis and treatment of common and frequent diseases in paediatric oral emergency care, and to improve the efficiency of the use of medical resources. A retrospective report is needed to provide a valuable reference for improving the level of paediatric oral emergency care.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the morbidity characteristics of children's oral emergencies. Through the clinical data of children's oral emergency cases in our hospital during the period of 2015-2021, we analysed the types of oral emergency cases, gender, age, and time of injury visits, so as to better guide the diagnosis and treatment of common and frequent diseases in children's oral emergency.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 4,946 cases of dental emergencies attended between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2021 were collected and statistically analyzed in a retrospective cohort with respect to gender, age, time of visit and diagnosis of the patients. SPSS 19.0 software was applied to test and analyze the results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 3,096 males and 1,850 females in 4,946 children's oral emergency patients, with a male to female ratio of 1.67:1; The average age was 3.9 years old. The highest number of children's oral emergency visits was October, the lowest was January, and the highest time was 20:00-21:00; The first three diseases in emergency diagnosis were maxillofacial trauma (60.17%),dental trauma (17.19%) and acute periapical periodontitis (13.26%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The number of pediatric dental emergencies has been increasing year by year, from 298 cases in 2015 to 1,827 cases in 2021, with a relatively high concentration of visits and a wide range of emergencies, including: maxillofacial trauma, dental trauma, acute periapical inflammation, acute endodontitis, and oral aphthous ulcers, but with a major focus on maxillofacial trauma (60.17%) and dental trauma (17.19%). Therefore, emergency management of maxillofacial trauma by pediatric emergency dentists is a clinical priority in pediatric emergency dentistry.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"6 ","pages":"1533546"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12414939/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145031270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical-oriented 3D visualization and quantitative analysis of gingival thickness using convolutional neural networks and CBCT.","authors":"Lan Yang, ZiCheng Zhu, Yongshan Li, Jieying Huang, Xiaoli Wang, Haoran Zheng, Jiang Chen","doi":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1635155","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fdmed.2025.1635155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Traditional gingival thickness (GT) assessment methods provide only point measurements or simple classifications, lacking spatial distribution information. This study aimed to develop a CBCT-based 3D visualization system for gingival thickness using deep learning, providing a novel spatial assessment tool for implant surgery planning.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CBCT and intraoral scanning (IOS) data from 50 patients with tooth loss were collected to establish a standardized dataset. DeepLabV3+ architecture was employed for semantic segmentation of gingival and bone tissues. A 3D visualization algorithm incorporating vertical scanning strategy, triangular mesh construction, and gradient color mapping was innovatively developed to transform 2D slices into continuous 3D surfaces.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The semantic segmentation model achieved a mIoU of 85.92 ± 0.43%. The 3D visualization system successfully constructed a comprehensive spatial distribution model of gingival thickness, clearly demonstrating GT variations from alveolar ridge to labial aspect through gradient coloration. The 3D model enabled millimeter-precision quantification, supporting multi-angle and multi-level GT assessment that overcame the limitations of traditional 2D measurements.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This system represents a methodological advancement from qualitative to spatial quantitative GT assessment. The intuitive 3D visualization serves as an innovative preoperative tool that identifies high-risk areas and guides personalized surgical planning, enhancing predictability for aesthetic and complex implant cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":73077,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in dental medicine","volume":"6 ","pages":"1635155"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12399636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144994640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}