Salivary biomarkers for the prognosis of oncological and infectious diseases: a systematic review.

IF 1.8 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Frontiers in dental medicine Pub Date : 2025-09-29 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fdmed.2025.1662276

Heber Isac Arbildo-Vega, Saurav Panda, Fredy Hugo Cruzado-Oliva, Hernán Vásquez-Rodrigo, Rubén Aguirre-Ipenza, Joan Manuel Meza-Málaga, Sara Antonieta Luján-Valencia, Eduardo Luján-Urviola, Carlos Alberto Farje-Gallardo, Tania Belú Castillo-Cornock, Katherine Serquen-Olano, Tania Padilla-Cáceres, Luz Caballero-Apaza, Franz Tito Coronel-Zubiate

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Abstract

Objective: To determine the salivary biomarkers that are used in the prognosis of oncological and infectious diseases.

Materials and methods: A bibliographic search was carried out until July 2025, in the biomedical databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science (WoS), Scielo, Science Direct and Google Scholar. Studies that were clinical trials, which reported the use of salivary biomarkers for the prognosis of oncological and infectious diseases, without time and language limits, were included. The Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews of Interventions was used to assess the risk of bias of the included studies.

Results: The preliminary search yielded a total of 189 articles, discarding those that did not meet the selection criteria, leaving only 16 articles for qualitative synthesis. These studies reported that the most widely used salivary biomarkers in the prognosis of oncological and infectious diseases are cortisol and interleukins.

Conclusions: Salivary biomarkers, especially cortisol and key interleukins, demonstrate potential as non-invasive tools for the prognostic assessment and monitoring of oncological and infectious diseases. Further standardization and clinical validation are needed to support their integration into routine practice.

Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42021260764, PROSPERO CRD42021260764.

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唾液生物标志物对肿瘤和感染性疾病预后的系统评价

目的：探讨用于肿瘤和感染性疾病预后的唾液生物标志物。材料和方法：到2025年7月，在生物医学数据库PubMed、Cochrane Library、Scopus、EMBASE、Web of Science （WoS）、Scielo、Science Direct和谷歌Scholar中进行了文献检索。包括临床试验研究，这些研究报告了使用唾液生物标志物进行肿瘤和传染病的预后，没有时间和语言限制。采用Cochrane干预措施系统评价手册评估纳入研究的偏倚风险。结果：初步检索共获得189篇文献，剔除不符合选择标准的文献，只留下16篇进行定性综合。这些研究报告了在肿瘤和传染病预后中最广泛使用的唾液生物标志物是皮质醇和白细胞介素。结论：唾液生物标志物，特别是皮质醇和关键的白细胞介素，显示出作为肿瘤和传染病预后评估和监测的非侵入性工具的潜力。需要进一步的标准化和临床验证来支持它们融入常规实践。系统评价注册：https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42021260764, PROSPERO CRD42021260764。

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