Energy & Environmental Science最新文献

{"title":"Market Optimization and Technoeconomic Analysis of Hydrogen-Electricity Coproduction Systems","authors":"Daniel Joseph Laky, Nicole P. Cortes, John C. Eslick, Alexander Noring, Naresh Susarla, Chinedu Okoli, Miguel Zamarripa-Perez, Douglas A. Allan, John H. Brewer, Arun Iyengar, Maojian Wang, Anthony P. Burgard, David C. Miller, Alexander William Dowling","doi":"10.1039/d4ee02394c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ee02394c","url":null,"abstract":"Decarbonization efforts across North America, Europe, and beyond rely on variable renewable energy sources such as wind and solar, as well as alternative fuels, such as hydrogen, to support the sustainable energy transition. These advancements have prompted a need for more flexibility in the electric grid to complement non-dispatchable energy sources and increased demand from electrification. Integrated energy systems are well suited to provide this flexibility, but conventional technoeconomic modeling paradigms neglect the time-varying dynamic nature of the grid and thus undervalue resource flexibility. In this work, we develop a computational optimization framework for dynamic market-based technoeconomic comparison of integrated energy systems that coproduce low-carbon electricity and hydrogen (e.g., solid oxide fuel cells, solid oxide electrolysis) against technologies that only produce electricity (e.g., natural gas combined cycle with carbon capture) or only produce hydrogen. Our framework starts with rigorous physics-based process models, built in the open-source Institute for the Design of Advanced Energy Systems (IDAES) modeling and optimization platform, for six energy process concepts. Using these rigorous models and a workflow to optimally design each technology, the framework is shown to be capable of evaluating new and emerging technologies in varying energy markets under a plethora of future scenarios (i.e., renewables penetration, carbon tax, etc.). Ultimately, our framework finds that solid oxide fuel cell-based coproduction systems achieve positive profits for 85% of the analyzed market scenarios. From these market optimization results, we use multivariate linear regression (R-squared values up to 0.99) to determine which electricity price statistics are most significant to predict the optimized annual profit of each system. The proposed framework provides a powerful tool for directly comparing flexible, multi-product energy process concepts to help discern optimal technology and integration options.","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":32.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142440766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulating local chemical softness of collector to homogenize Li deposition for anode-free Li-metal batteries","authors":"Jiaming Zhu, Cong Kang, Xiangjun Xiao, Ya Mao, Ying Luo, Yuheng Wang, Quansheng Zhang, Yulin Ma, Chunyu Du, Shuaifeng Lou, Fanpeng Kong, Jingying Xie, Geping Yin","doi":"10.1039/d4ee03673e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ee03673e","url":null,"abstract":"Regulating the surface structure of collector to synergistically reduce the nucleation and lateral growth barrier of Li<small>⁺</small> electrodeposition is key to long-cycle anode-free Li-metal batteries (AFLMB), but its adjusting mechanism and modulation remains formidable challenge. Herein, a previously-unreported heterogeneous collector with hard-base sites and soft-acidity sites is proposed to enhance chemical interaction with hard-acid Li<small>⁺</small> and soft-base Li nuclei, respectively. Theoretical analysis demonstrates that the addition of Co single atoms into N-C host improves to the hardness of N bases and the softness of carbon matrix. According to the results of operando microscopy and electrochemical measurement, the HBSA-Co SAs collector with controlled local chemical softness substantially reduce nucleation/growth barriers without any dendrite morphology observed. The NCM811-based Li metal cells with a high cathode area capacity of 15 mAh cm<small>^-2</small> and limited lithium excess achieve a superior capacity retention rate of 98.8% after 150 cycles. This finding provides an avenue to rationally design highly efficient collector for AFLMB.","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":32.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142440711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing high-efficiency, stretchable organic solar cells: novel liquid metal electrode architecture†","authors":"Seungbok Lee, Sungjun Oh, Seungseok Han, Dongchan Lee, Jihyung Lee, Yonghwi Kim, Hoe-Yeon Jeong, Jin-Woo Lee, Min-Ho Lee, Wu Bin Ying, Seonju Jeong, Seungjae Lee, Junho Kim, Yun Hoo Kim, Bumjoon J. Kim, Eun-chae Jeon, Taek-Soo Kim, Shinuk Cho and Jung-Yong Lee","doi":"10.1039/D4EE03406F","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4EE03406F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The development of stretchable electrodes for intrinsically stretchable organic solar cells (IS-OSCs) with both high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and mechanical stability is crucial for wearable electronics. However, research on top electrodes that maintain high conductivity and excellent stretchability has been underexplored. Herein, we introduce a novel liquid metal electrode architecture (<em>i.e.</em>, indium/metallic interlayer/gallium, InMiG) for IS-OSCs. Thermally deposited indium significantly improves mechanical properties by dispersing stress, mitigating crack initiation and propagation within the underlying layers. The metallic interlayer enhances the electrical conductivity and wettability of gallium, enabling the formation of a smooth and uniform film. The InMiG electrode surpasses eutectic gallium-indium (EGaIn) in both electrical conductivity and adhesion energy. Notably, the IS-OSCs with InMiG electrode achieve a high PCE of 14.6% and retain 70% of their initial PCE at 63% strain, highlighting their potential for commercial use in wearable electronics.</p>","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":" 22","pages":" 8915-8925"},"PeriodicalIF":32.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142440765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-Step Thermodynamic vs. Two-Step Kinetics-Limited Sulfur Reactions in All-Solid-State Sodium Batteries","authors":"Tongtai Ji, Qingsong Tu, Yang Zhao, Dominik Wierzbicki, Vincent Plisson, Ying Wang, Jiwei Wang, Kenneth Burch, Yong Yang, Hongli Zhu","doi":"10.1039/d4ee03160a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ee03160a","url":null,"abstract":"The investigation of all-solid-state sodium-sulfur batteries (ASSSBs) is still in its early stage, where the intermediates and mechanism of the complex 16-electron conversion reaction of the sulfur cathode remain unclear. Herein, this study for the first time presents a comprehensive investigation of the sulfur reaction mechanism in ASSSBs by combining electrochemical measurements, ex-situ synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), in-situ Raman spectroscopy, and first-principles calculations. The sulfur cathode undergoes a three-step solid-solid redox reaction following the thermodynamic principle. S8 first reduces to long-chain polysulfides, Na2S5 and Na2S4, then to Na2S2, and finally to Na2S, resulting in a three-plateau voltage profile when temperatures ≥ 90°C or C-rates ≤ C/100. However, under kinetics-limited conditions, temperatures ≤ 60°C and C-rates ≥ C/20, the Na2S2 phase is skipped, leading to a direct conversion from Na2S4 to Na2S and resulting a two-plateau voltage profile. First-principles calculations reveal that the formation energy of Na2S2 is only 4 meV/atom lower than the two-phase equilibrium of Na2S4 and Na2S, explaining its absence under kinetics-limited conditions. This work clarified the thermodynamic and kinetics-limited pathways of the 16-electron conversion reaction of the sulfur cathode in ASSSBs, thereby facilitating the development of high-performance ASSSBs.","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":32.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142440771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Zn(002)-preferential orientation enabled by proton additive for dendrite-free zinc anode","authors":"Yating Li, Xiaohui Ma, Xi Zhang, Fengyi Zhang, Qiong Wang, Qiang Guo, Jinlong Liu, Yonggang Wang, Jianhang Huang, Yongyao Xia","doi":"10.1039/d4ee03276d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ee03276d","url":null,"abstract":"Although zinc-based batteries have long been considered as one of the most promising technologies for large-scale energy storage, its development was still seriously hindered by dendrite formation. Constructing highly (002)-textured Zn electrode to guide Zn deposition has been demonstrated as an effective approach for dendrite suppression due to the lowest surface energy and closest packing morphology of Zn(002) texture. Herein, cation additive (proton) was for the first time reported as a universal strategy to effectively promote the formation of Zn(002) texture. A high Zn(002)-preferential orientation was obtained in a simple ZnSO4 + H2SO4 electrolyte, which effectively suppressed formation of dendrite and side-reaction production. And Zn(002)||Zn(002) symmetric cell can cycle stably up to unprecedented 1900 hours under a practical deposition capacity of 5 mAh cm-2 with 5 mA cm-2 current density. Morphology evolution and formation mechanism of Zn (002) texture in electrolyte with proton additive was also systematically investigated. The cation texturing strategy may provide novel insights for constructing high (002)-preferential orientation of metallic Zn.","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":32.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142439270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grease trap waste valorization through hydrothermal liquefaction and anaerobic digestion: a circular approach to dairy wastewater treatment†","authors":"Daniela V. Cabrera, Ingrid Adema-Yusta, María J. Santibañez, Crispin Celis, Jefferson W. Tester and Rodrigo A. Labatut","doi":"10.1039/D4EE02245A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4EE02245A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Grease traps are commonly used in the dairy industry to separate fats from their generated wastewater. Due to its properties, grease trap waste (GTW) is predominantly incinerated or landfilled despite its high energy content. In this study, hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) was used to convert dairy industry GTW into biocrude while the generated HTL-wastewater (AP) was subjected to anaerobic digestion (AD) to recover biomethane. To maximize organic carbon to biocrude conversion, and to minimize the use of freshwater, a fraction of the AP was recirculated in subsequent HTL reactions. AP recirculation increased biocrude yields (73 <em>vs.</em> 78 wt%) but decreased both the higher heating value (HHV) (38 <em>vs.</em> 37 MJ kg<small>⁻¹</small>) and the fraction (72 <em>vs.</em> 64%) of lighter hydrocarbons. Continuous AD using an EGSB reactor proved to be an effective method to further reduce the COD of the AP from 6.5 g L<small>⁻¹</small> to 0.7 g L<small>⁻¹</small> and enhance the overall energy recovery of the GTW from 81% (HTL only) to 83.1% (HTL-AD). Integrating HTL with AD and recycling a fraction of the AP in the HTL process allows for efficient wastewater treatment and a recovery of up to 84.8% of the energy contained in the GTW.</p>","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":" 22","pages":" 8926-8941"},"PeriodicalIF":32.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142440769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-healing polymer dielectric exhibiting ultrahigh capacitive energy storage performance at 250 °C†","authors":"Wenhan Xu, Fei Yang, Guodong Zhao, Shixian Zhang, Guanchun Rui, Muchen Zhao, Lingling Liu, Long-Qing Chen and Qing Wang","doi":"10.1039/D4EE03705G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4EE03705G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Polymer dielectrics capable of operating at elevated temperatures are essential components in advanced electronics and electrical power systems. However, dielectric polymers generally display significantly deteriorated capacitive performance at high temperatures because of exponential growth of electrical conduction. Here we design and prepare the cross-linked copolymers with interrupted translational symmetry and the use of local disorder-induced electron localization (<em>i.e.</em>, Anderson localization) to impede electrical conduction of the copolymers. Consequently, the copolymer exhibits state-of-the-art discharged energy density of 3.5 J cm<small>⁻³</small> with a charge–discharge efficiency of 90% at 250 °C. The copolymer also displays much more stable capacitive energy storage performance in the temperature range of 25 to 250 °C compared to existing dielectric polymers. With the demonstrated breakdown self-healing ability and excellent cyclability of the copolymer, this work sheds a new light on the design of high-temperature high-energy-density polymer dielectrics.</p>","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":" 22","pages":" 8866-8873"},"PeriodicalIF":32.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/ee/d4ee03705g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142436073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing enhanced lithium-ion storage in self-assembled organic nanowires for batteries and metal-ion supercapacitors†","authors":"Ievgen Obraztsov, Rostislav Langer, Jean G. A. Ruthes, Volker Presser, Michal Otyepka, Radek Zbořil and Aristides Bakandritsos","doi":"10.1039/D4EE02777A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4EE02777A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Organic materials have emerged as highly efficient electrodes for electrochemical energy storage, offering sustainable solutions independent from non-renewable resources. In this study, we showcase that mesoscale engineering can dramatically transform the electrochemical features of a molecular organic carboxylic anode. Through a sustainable, energy-efficient and environmentally benign self-assembly strategy, we developed a network of organic nanowires formed during water evaporation directly on the copper current collector, circumventing the need for harmful solvents, typically employed in such processes. The organic nanowire anode delivers high capacity and rate, reaching 1888 mA h g<small>⁻¹</small> at 0.1 A g<small>⁻¹</small> and maintaining 508 mA h g<small>⁻¹</small> at a specific current of 10 A g<small>⁻¹</small>. Moreover, it exhibits superior thermal management during lithiation in comparison to graphite and other organic anodes. Comprehensive electrochemical evaluations and theoretical calculations reveal rapid charge transport mechanisms, with lithium diffusivity rates reaching 5 × 10<small>⁻⁹</small> cm<small>²</small> s<small>⁻¹</small>, facilitating efficient and rapid interactions with 24 lithium atoms per molecule. Integrated as the negative electrode in a lithium-ion capacitor, paired with a commercially available porous carbon, the cell delivers a specific energy of 156 W h kg<small>⁻¹</small> at a specific power of 0.34 kW kg<small>⁻¹</small> and 60.2 W h kg<small>⁻¹</small> at 19.4 kW kg<small>⁻¹</small>, establishing a benchmark among state-of-the-art systems in the field. These results underscore the critical role of supramolecular organization for optimizing the performance of organic electrode materials for practical and sustainable energy storage technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":" 22","pages":" 8874-8884"},"PeriodicalIF":32.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/ee/d4ee02777a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142436079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing inter-domain connectivity by reducing fractal dimensions: the key to passivating deep traps in organic photovoltaics†","authors":"Yuang Fu, Luhang Xu, Yuhao Li, Emily J. Yang, Yu Guo, Guilong Cai, Pok Fung Chan, Yubin Ke, Chun-Jen Su, U-Ser Jeng, Philip C. Y. Chow, Ji-Seon Kim, Man-Chung Tang and Xinhui Lu","doi":"10.1039/D4EE02961E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4EE02961E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The detrimental impact of non-geminate recombination on high-performance organic photovoltaics has been recognised and primarily attributed to bimolecular recombination. However, the recent surge in Y-series acceptor-based systems has drawn attention to deep-trap-assisted monomolecular recombination. This study reveals the morphological origin of deep traps in the prototypical PM6:Y6 system, identifying isolated crystalline and amorphous Y6 domains as key contributors. The findings underscore the importance of improving inter-acceptor domain connectivity for effective trap passivation. For the first time, we have pinpointed a crucial metric for inversely quantifying the inter-acceptor domain connectivity: the crystalline domain fractal dimension (<em>D</em><small>_f</small>). Due to the self-similar nature of fractal structures, the fractal dimension propagates across multi-length scales and can be controlled by tuning local intermolecular aggregation motifs. Remarkably, combining diiodide benzene (DIB) as the additive and layer-by-layer (LBL) processing effectively promotes the more extended backbone order of Y6 molecules, consequently reducing the fractal dimensions and passivating deep traps. By applying this strategy to another high-performance system, D18:L8BO, a benchmark efficiency of 19.6% is achieved, among the highest efficiencies reported for LBL OPVs.</p>","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":" 22","pages":" 8893-8903"},"PeriodicalIF":32.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142431190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering Anomalous Zinc Ions Storage in Intermediate State MnO2 of Layer-to-Tunnel Transition","authors":"Xiaohui Li, Dayin He, Qiancheng Zhou, Xing Zhou, Zhouzhou Wang, Chenchen Wei, Yaran Shi, Xiyang Hu, Bangwang Huang, Ze Yang, Xiao Han, Yue Lin, Ying Yu","doi":"10.1039/d4ee03293d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ee03293d","url":null,"abstract":"MnO2 material has attracted intensive attention as the cathode material of aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) owing to their outstanding structure diversity, decent capacity and competitive cost. Although various types of MnO2 have been adopted, none of them can completely meet practical demands due to structural collapse during cycling. Herein, an intermediate state MnO2 (IS-MnO2) undergoing a transition from layered to tunnel structures is reported, which exhibits significant improvements in rate and cycle performances compared to pure layered or tunnel MnO2. The systemic structural anatomy reveals the presence of abundant two-phase transition regions within IS-MnO2, which results in distorted lattice and deformed [MnO6] octahedron unit within the two-phase transition region, as well as reduced average valence state of Mn ions. The deformation of [MnO6] reduces the geometric symmetry of ligand field and thereby eliminates the 3d orbital degeneracy of center Mn ion, which effectively avoids Jahn-teller effect of Mn3+ and enhances cycling stability. Additionally, the low-valence Mn leads to the decrease of the electrostatic repulsive during ion insertion/extraction, efficiently improving the rate performance. This work develops a high-performance cathode of AZIBs and also provides new avenues to eliminate the Jahn-teller effect of Mn3+.","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":32.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142431200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}