Energy & Environmental Science最新文献

{"title":"Advancing geothermal energy utilization opportunities: potential and strategies for integrating direct air capture†","authors":"Maxwell Pisciotta, Hélène Pilorgé, Likhwa Ndlovu, Madeleine Siegel, Joe Huyett, Todd Bandhauer, Peter Psarras and Jennifer Wilcox","doi":"10.1039/D4EE04058A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4EE04058A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Geothermal energy has been utilized for centuries. Prior to the industrial revolution, geothermal surface expressions were healing destinations in regions of Indigenous America, and geothermal energy was used to heat baths across the Roman empire and throughout Japan. Today, geothermal energy is harnessed for direct use in some industrial applications requiring low-grade heat as well as district heating systems, and for low-carbon electricity production, making up over 13 GW of worldwide electricity production. In the U.S., new legislation introduced incentives to promote geothermal energy as a baseload renewable electricity source. However, geothermal energy also has potential for CO<small>₂</small> abatement beyond electricity generation. For example, low temperature geothermal resources can be used directly for residential heating systems, industrial processes or to power direct air capture (DAC) systems. This study explores the potential of geothermal resources to meet the thermal and electrical demands of DAC systems through the development of a geothermal-DAC evaluation framework. The framework examines configurations where binary geothermal power plants and DAC units are engineered to optimize geothermal resource use. These configurations are evaluated based on their CO<small>₂</small> abatement potential, achieved by displacing carbon-intensive grid electricity and removing atmospheric CO<small>₂</small>. The framework was applied to two hypothetical geothermal resources, representing low (86 °C) and high (225 °C) temperature regimes for binary geothermal power plants, considering various organic Rankine cycle (ORC) working fluids. It was also tested on the Raft River binary geothermal combined cycle power plant. Results show that integrating geothermal energy with DAC systems improves CO<small>₂</small> abatement potential compared to using geothermal resources solely for electricity. Improvements range from 5–757%, depending on the resource and configuration. Technoeconomic evaluations of each configuration determined the levelized cost of energy delivered to the DAC system (LCOE<small>_DAC</small>), ranging from $101–8579 per tCO<small>₂</small>. The geothermal-DAC evaluation framework highlights strategic decisions and constraints for integrating geothermal resources with DAC to maximize grid electricity production and CO<small>₂</small> abatement.</p>","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":" 14","pages":" 7146-7169"},"PeriodicalIF":32.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ee/d4ee04058a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144311944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outstanding Reviewers for Energy & Environmental Science in 2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1039/D5EE90060C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5EE90060C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >We would like to take this opportunity to thank all of <em>Energy &amp; Environmental Science</em>’s reviewers for helping to preserve quality and integrity in chemical science literature. We would also like to highlight the Outstanding Reviewers for <em>Energy &amp; Environmental Science</em> in 2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":" 13","pages":" 6324-6324"},"PeriodicalIF":32.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144304692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nature-inspired synergistic strategy: carrier regulation in breakdown self-healing all-organic polymer dielectrics for enhanced high-temperature energy storage†","authors":"Wenjie Huang, Baoquan Wan, Wenye Zhang, Xing Yang, Zhonghua Xiang, Haobo Tian, Can Ding, Yiyi Zhang, Yong Chae Jung and Jun-Wei Zha","doi":"10.1039/D5EE02190A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5EE02190A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Polymer dielectrics for electrostatic energy storage exhibit low energy density, low efficiency, and poor reliability at high temperatures, limiting the application of film capacitors in harsh environments. Designing wide bandgap structures, introducing carrier traps and constructing carrier barriers are effective strategies for optimizing the energy storage performance of polymer dielectrics. However, the dominant factors that inhibit carrier transport behavior remain unclear. Here, an all-organic polymer dielectric with dominating carrier traps and synergizing electron barriers and repulsion is reported. Benefiting from the dual self-healing mechanism of the gas-condensation phase, the all-organic polymer dielectric shows exceptional breakdown self-healing ability. At 200 °C, the all-organic polymer dielectric achieves exceptional high-temperature energy storage performance and reliability with a discharged energy density of 6.06 J cm<small>⁻³</small>, a charge–discharge efficiency of above 90%, and a charge–discharge cycling stability of 80 000 cycles after breakdown self-healing, which far exceed those of the existing polymer dielectrics with self-healing ability. Furthermore, the high-temperature-resistant stacked film capacitor device fabricated with the all-organic composite film exhibits excellent capacitance stability. The combination of superior energy storage characteristics, reliability, and device capacitance demonstrates the promising application of the all-organic composite dielectric in harsh electrification environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":" 15","pages":" 7579-7588"},"PeriodicalIF":32.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144304804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced interfacial Zn2+ desolvation kinetics by a π-electron-rich Janus catalyst for robust Zn–metal batteries†","authors":"Yinze Zuo, Zheng Wang, Mingquan Liu, Linlong Lu, Yidong Jiang, Jie Lei, Hao Yan, Hongwei Li, Wei Yan and Jiujun Zhang","doi":"10.1039/D5EE01472G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5EE01472G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The application of zinc–metal-based batteries is hindered by the low thermodynamic stability of zinc anodes and the sluggish desolvation kinetics of the interfacial [Zn(H<small>₂</small>O)<small>₆</small>]<small>²⁺</small> complex, which can induce serious side reactions and exacerbate dendrite formation. Herein, an innovative catalytic desolvation mechanism is proposed to manipulate the interfacial solvation structure by engineering a π-electron-rich (C<img>O/C<img>N configurations) covalent organic polymer (COP) layer as an interfacial catalyst. It was revealed that the π-electrons can trigger dissociation of the [Zn(H<small>₂</small>O)<small>₆</small>]<small>²⁺</small> complex through an <em>ortho</em>-synergistic reaction process, which includes a nucleophilic reaction between electron-accepting C atoms at C<img>O/C<img>N sites and H<small>₂</small>O molecules and an electrophilic reaction between electron-donating sites near O and N heteroatoms and Zn<small>²⁺</small>. <em>In situ</em> characterization analysis combined with advanced theoretical calculations confirmed that such a catalytic desolvation process can dynamically induce contact ion pairs and aggregate dominated interfacial solvation structures, boosting Zn<small>²⁺</small> diffusion and deposition kinetics. Consequently, suppressed side reactions and homogenous (002)-crystal-preferred Zn<small>²⁺</small> deposition can be simultaneously achieved. Therefore, an excellent cycling lifespan of 2500 h was obtained for the symmetric Zn cell and an ultra-stable cycling lifespan of 28 000 cycles for full cells. We believe that this catalytic desolvation strategy will pave a new avenue in the interfacial design of Zn anodes.</p>","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":" 15","pages":" 7490-7503"},"PeriodicalIF":32.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144304805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amorphous anion skeletons induce rapid and cation-selective ion flux towards stable aqueous zinc–iodine batteries†","authors":"Zhenjing Jiang, Zijuan Du, Kailin Luo, Yanfei Zhang, Hang Yang, Wei Zhang, Ruwei Chen, Jie Chen, Zhe Cui, Fuhan Cui, Rui Pan, Guoju Zhang, Shuangying Lei, Litao Sun, Kuibo Yin and Guanjie He","doi":"10.1039/D5EE02454D","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5EE02454D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The aqueous zinc–iodine battery is considered a promising technology for large-scale energy storage due to its high safety, large energy density, and easy accessibility. However, its development suffers from two challenges: parasitic side reactions on Zn anodes and polyiodide shuttling effects. To overcome them, we designed an artificial protective layer on the Zn anode based on amorphous zeolite-like Na<small>₂</small>Zn<small>₂</small>(TeO<small>₃</small>)<small>₃</small>, whose crystalline counterpart possesses periodic ion channels and an anion skeleton. It not only preserves the original coordination environments and pore structures of the Na<small>₂</small>Zn<small>₂</small>(TeO<small>₃</small>)<small>₃</small> crystal, but also exhibits broadened ion channels and shortened ion diffusion pathways. Combined with the superior structural stability of the amorphous Na<small>₂</small>Zn<small>₂</small>(TeO<small>₃</small>)<small>₃</small>, the Zn anode can cycle stably for 2790 h at 1 mA cm<small>⁻²</small> with a low overpotential. Meanwhile, the Zn<small>₂</small>(TeO<small>₃</small>)<small>₃</small><small>²⁻</small> anion skeleton can also repel I<small>⁻</small>-species and SO<small>₄</small><small>²⁻</small> anions from the anode surface, thus enabling outstanding Zn plating/stripping reversibility and excellent cycling ability of the full cells coupled with different cathodes. Significantly, the capacity retention of the high mass loading zinc–iodine pouch cell was 92.7% after 600 cycles. This work provides a novel strategy to achieve high-performance zinc–iodine batteries, which has great promise for practical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":" 14","pages":" 7267-7277"},"PeriodicalIF":32.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ee/d5ee02454d?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144304809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon footprint of oil produced through enhanced oil recovery using carbon dioxide directly captured from air†","authors":"Antonio Gasós, Ronny Pini, Viola Becattini and Marco Mazzotti","doi":"10.1039/D5EE01752A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5EE01752A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Some argue that using CO<small>₂</small> from direct air capture (DAC) in enhanced oil recovery (CO<small>₂</small>-EOR) can produce carbon-neutral oil by permanently storing more CO<small>₂</small> than is emitted when using the extracted fossil fuels. However, existing analyses often provide case-specific insights based on short-term operations without considering the full life cycle of reservoir exploitation, including primary, secondary, and tertiary (EOR) recovery phases. Here, we present a general, top-down approach based on mass and volume conservation to assess the potential carbon footprint of oil production, applicable to different temporal perspectives of reservoir exploitation. Supported by field data from 16 EOR projects, our analysis shows that 30% of projects appear carbon-neutral when EOR is considered in isolation, but they all become significantly carbon-positive when the full reservoir lifetime is considered. The volume of emitted CO<small>₂</small> exceeds the pore space freed for storage by at least a factor of three, making carbon-neutral oil physically unattainable in conventional reservoirs. The favorable conditions for low-carbon oil production during CO<small>₂</small>-EOR exist solely because of extensive prior oil extraction and water injection, and only residual oil zones may truly offer potential for carbon-neutral oil due to their low oil saturation and lack of legacy emissions. While omitting legacy emissions from previously depleted fields may be justifiable and may enable claims of carbon neutrality during the EOR phase, newly developed fields, <em>i.e.</em>, developed now or in the future, should be held accountable for the full life-cycle emissions they generate. This necessitates clear and transparent accounting policy frameworks. Although CO<small>₂</small>-EOR may reduce oil's carbon footprint, promoting it as a pathway to carbon-neutrality risks legitimizing continued fossil fuel production, ultimately undermining global climate targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":" 15","pages":" 7440-7446"},"PeriodicalIF":32.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ee/d5ee01752a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144304712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-assembled metal cluster/perovskite catalysts for efficient acidic hydrogen production with an ultra-low overpotential of 62 mV and over 1500 hours of stability at 1 A cm−2†","authors":"Yalei Fan, Jianfa Zhao, Jing Zhou, Wei-Hsiang Huang, Jianqiu Zhu, Chang-Yang Kuo, Shengjie Zhang, Chih-Wen Pao, Ting-Shan Chan, Yuxuan Zhang, Su-Yang Hsu, Jin-Ming Chen, Chien-Te Chen, Changqing Jin, Liu Hao Tjeng, Jian-Qiang Wang, Zhiwei Hu and Linjuan Zhang","doi":"10.1039/D5EE01422K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5EE01422K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The production of green hydrogen as a promising form of clean energy <em>via</em> water splitting relies on the development of efficient and stable electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, we present a new electrocatalyst, Ca<small>₂</small>CoRuO<small>₆</small> (CCRO), that exhibited a record low overpotential of 62 mV at a high current density of 1 A cm<small>⁻²</small> and the smallest Tafel slope of 10 mV dec<small>⁻¹</small> (<em>vs.</em> more than 400 mV at 1 A cm<small>⁻²</small> and 29 mV dec<small>⁻¹</small> of commercial Pt/C). Moreover, the CCRO catalyst maintains stable performance for over 1500 hours in a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer operating at a current density of 1 A cm<small>⁻²</small>. <em>In situ</em> X-ray absorption, Raman, and X-ray diffraction spectroscopies indicated a two-step <em>in situ</em> transformation of CCRO. The pristine form of CCRO was reduced from Ru<small>⁵⁺</small>/Co<small>³⁺</small> to Ru<small>³⁺</small>/Co<small>²⁺</small> within the first few hours under HER conditions. Subsequently, the catalyst slowly self-assembled to form Ru metal nanoclusters doped with Co (denoted as Co–Ru) on top of the CCRO substrate (Co–Ru/CCRO). First-principles calculations revealed that the synergistic effect within the Co–Ru cluster and hydrogen spillover from the metal cluster to the interface between Co–Ru and CCRO contribute to its outstanding hydrogen production performance. This work presents a new promising HER catalyst with record HER activity and reveals an unusual <em>in situ</em> reconstruction process for the catalyst.</p>","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":" 15","pages":" 7527-7540"},"PeriodicalIF":32.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ee/d5ee01422k?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144304808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polarity coupling in biphasic electrolytes enables iodine/polyiodide co-extraction for portable Zn–iodine batteries following a liquid–liquid conversion route†","authors":"Hai Xu, Ruanye Zhang, Derong Luo, Kangsheng Huang, Jiuqing Wang, Gengzhi Sun, Hui Dou and Xiaogang Zhang","doi":"10.1039/D5EE02593A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5EE02593A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The shuttle effect of polyiodides and aggregation of solid iodine on the cathode surface in aqueous Zn–iodine batteries are considered the main issues for their unsatisfactory cycling stability and slow charge transfer kinetics, respectively. Herein, we develop a biphasic (BP) electrolyte composed of immiscible organic (ethyl acetate, EA) and aqueous solvents for the co-extraction of iodine/polyiodides. The underlying mechanism is clarified by the principle of polarity coupling between iodine species and solvent molecules. Notably, distinct from the formation of solid iodine in an aqueous electrolyte, the electrochemical redox reactions of iodine/polyiodides at the cathodic side (organic phase) investigated by rotating ring electrodes follow the liquid–liquid conversion route. Accordingly, the diffusion of polyiodides is effectively suppressed at the interface of the BP electrolyte and the absence of solid iodine deposition significantly enhances charge transfer kinetics. Moreover, the quasi-solid-state Zn–iodine batteries featuring a gravity-independent stratified architecture are demonstrated, enabled by a BP system consisting of microspace-confined EA and PAM-CMC hydrogel. The fabricated portable device exhibits an areal capacity of 1.40 mA h cm<small>⁻²</small> at 1 mA cm<small>⁻²</small>, improved rate performance and stable cycling performance over 22 000 cycles at 10 mA cm<small>⁻²</small>, indicating extraordinary reliability for wearable applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":" 15","pages":" 7447-7459"},"PeriodicalIF":32.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144304826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flooding revisited: electrolyte management ensures robust electrochemical CO2 reduction†","authors":"Péter Gyenes, Angelika A. Samu, Dorottya Hursán, Viktor Józó, Andrea Serfőző, Balázs Endrődi and Csaba Janáky","doi":"10.1039/D5EE01464F","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5EE01464F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Flooding, one of the main performance fading mechanisms of CO<small>₂</small> electrolysers, is vaguely defined, and often used for very different phenomena that cause cell/stack failure. The term itself is also controversial, as a fully wet electrode is often observed after high-performing zero-gap electrolyser cells are disassembled. To resolve this apparent contradiction, we investigated the cation balance in a zero-gap CO<small>₂</small> electrolyser cell operated under different conditions, and also actively controlled cation concentration in the cathode compartment to study its effect on the electrolyser performance. While a given cation concentration is needed for high-rate CO-formation, its further increase boosts the hydrogen evolution rate and decreases the CO<small>₂</small> reduction rate (through two different mechanisms). When the cation content in the cathode is too high, hydrogen evolution occurs also on the carbon cathode support and the availability of CO<small>₂</small> decreases at the cathode catalyst. During continuous operation, the cation flux from the anolyte to the cathode might change, which is also reflected in the cell performance. We demonstrate that such changes in performance can be counteracted by actively controlling the anolyte composition. We also suggest descriptors of the “health” of the cell, to ensure durable operation <em>via</em> the active control of the cation concentration at the cathode.</p>","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":" 14","pages":" 7124-7135"},"PeriodicalIF":32.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ee/d5ee01464f?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144296347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visualizing dynamic competitive reconstruction of trimetallic hybrid catalysts for stable hybrid water electrolysis at large current density†","authors":"Yong Zhang, Liling Liao, Haiqing Zhou, Ying Qi, Jingying Sun, Yan Zhang, Qian Zhou, Yu Wang, Dongsheng Tang and Fang Yu","doi":"10.1039/D5EE00172B","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5EE00172B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Glycerol electrooxidation is an intriguing surrogate reaction for sluggish oxygen evolution in water electrolysis and can simultaneously produce value-added chemicals at the anode; however, the majority of non-precious catalysts suffer from large electrolytic voltage and poor stability for hydrogen production <em>via</em> hybrid water electrolysis at large current density. Here we present a hierarchical multi-level triphasic catalyst comprising bimetallic nitride nanoparticles <em>in situ</em> anchoring on biphasic metal sulfides with multilevel interfaces and multifunctional metal sites (Ni<small>₃</small>S<small>₂</small>/Co<small>₉</small>S<small>₈</small>/FeNiN). Benefiting from synergistic multi-metal sites and dynamic iron incorporation into the active species, this catalyst manifests extraordinary activity for both the oxygen evolution and glycerol electrooxidation in terms of ultralow potentials of 1.502/1.393 V at 300 mA cm<small>⁻²</small> and excellent Faradaic efficiency (95.2%) toward formate production, along with fabulous durability for over 1100/240 hours, placing it among the best non-noble metal-based electrocatalysts. Strikingly, by coupling with the NiMoN cathode, this catalyst can readily switch from traditional water electrolysis to hybrid water electrolysis with low cell voltages of 1.713/1.610 V to reach 1000 mA cm<small>⁻²</small> durably at an electricity-saving efficiency of 6.0%, outperforming nearly all the biomass upgrading assisted water electrolyzers reported hitherto. Operando Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies reveal the rapid switching from OH*-involved direct oxidation to oxyhydroxide-involved indirect oxidation for glycerol oxidation, which is in sharp contrast to the rapid generation of high-valence metal oxyhydroxide active species for oxygen evolution. Theoretical calculations further substantiate that the construction of dual heterojunction interfaces facilitates the C–C bond cleavage, dehydrogenation and oxygenation steps with much lower energy barriers, thereby promoting the selective oxidation of glycerol into formic acid.</p>","PeriodicalId":72,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Environmental Science","volume":" 15","pages":" 7695-7707"},"PeriodicalIF":32.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144278628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}