{"title":"The Dawning Era of Anticancer Nanomedicines: From First Principles to Application of Silk Nanoparticles","authors":"Saphia A. L. Matthew, F. Philipp Seib","doi":"10.1002/adtp.202400130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adtp.202400130","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This review introduces nanomedicines and medical silks by addressing seminal and recent research within these fields. First, the successes of nanoparticles in improving the safety profiles and pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic properties are explored but also the concepts of threshold dosing and targeting of tumor-associated macrophages. Current barriers to systemic delivery of nanomedicines are detailed and methods to overcome these barriers and increase tumor targeting are evaluated, namely: tuning the nanomedicine size and surface charge for enhanced tumor accumulation and penetration; non-spherical nanomedicine morphologies for macrophage evasion and targeted delivery to endothelial cells; and, surface functionalization for stealth coatings and targeting receptor-mediated endocytosis. The advantages of using silk as a nanomedicine with reference to its structure, composition, biological performance, and formulation are discussed. While batch methods for silk processing enable the formation of nano to microparticles, continuous technology can overcome bottlenecks of the deployed engineering methods such as low throughput and poor reproducibility. Finally, the chemical modification of silk using homogeneous and heterogenous chemistries is assessed within the nanomedicine context. Overall, this review covers silk nanomedicines from first principles to carrier design and on to areas of future development.</p>","PeriodicalId":7284,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Therapeutics","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adtp.202400130","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cocktail Polyplexes With Synchronous Flightless I siRNA and Nitric Oxide Release for Potential Chronic Wound Healing","authors":"Mahshid Kharaziha, Sahar Salehi, Thomas Scheibel","doi":"10.1002/adtp.202400329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adtp.202400329","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Chronic wounds are one of the health challenges threatening human life. In these wounds, overexpression of some types of cytoskeletal actin-remodeling proteins including Flightless I (Flii) can often lead to severe skin scarring. Herein, arginine functionalized poly(β-amino ester)s are synthesized to develop polyplexes with alginate for delivery of Flii siRNA. This approach results in forming polyplexes with distinct features, such as tunable zeta potential, particle size, polydispersity, and arginine conjugation level. It is demonstrated that the uptake of arginine functionalized poly(β-amino ester)/alginate particles is composition-dependent for various cell types including J774.1 macrophages and BJ fibroblasts. Such polyplexes trigger nitric oxide release by macrophages enhancing the expression of anti-inflammatory genes while diminishing the expression of pro-inflammatory markers and demonstrating its immunomodulatory properties. Flii siRNA loaded particles provide condensed siRNA into the core-shell polyplex and exhibit controlled release of Flii siRNA over 24 h. The uptake rate of this polyplex by macrophages and fibroblasts is higher than that of a commercial gene carrier (Lipofectamine 2000), knocking down the in vitro Flii gene expression (1.3-fold). The increased BJ fibroblast proliferation and higher expression of collagen I (COL I) show the suitability of these polyplexes for wound healing.</p>","PeriodicalId":7284,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Therapeutics","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adtp.202400329","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ryo Tamura, Chace I. Carpenter, Charlotte M. Thomas, Ghazal Kamyabi, Hsiao-Ting Hsu, Olivia Vergnolle, Paul Balderes, Jan Grimm
{"title":"ROS-Activatable Prodrug of Doxazolidine as Novel Cancer Therapy Paradigm","authors":"Ryo Tamura, Chace I. Carpenter, Charlotte M. Thomas, Ghazal Kamyabi, Hsiao-Ting Hsu, Olivia Vergnolle, Paul Balderes, Jan Grimm","doi":"10.1002/adtp.202400340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adtp.202400340","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Overcoming severe side effects from anticancer agents without decreasing their effects on tumor growth is a major challenge. A prodrug technology is reported using agents that are spatiotemporally activated primarily in tumors while the extratumoral toxicity to healthy cells is minimized. A ROS-activatable prodrug of a strong anticancer agent, doxazolidine (doxaz), is developed. Doxaz is a DNA alkylating agent with a half-life of 3 min and significantly higher cytotoxicity than the clinically used parental compound doxorubicin (dox). Importantly, doxaz is not affected by p-glycoprotein expression since it irreversibly alkylates DNA while dox inhibits the topoisomerase II DNA complex. As drug activators, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are already produced inside cancer cells in higher abundance than in normal cells but additionally generated by external stimuli such as radionuclides (via radiolysis of water) and/or ROS-inducing drugs. We synthesized the prodrug, Doxaz-BA, and evaluated its efficacy in vitro in cell cultures and then in vivo in xenograft mouse models. Doxaz-BA is effective in a broad range of cancer cells since most cancer cells produce higher levels of ROS. Combining with clinically relevant radiotracers such as <sup>18</sup>F-FDG or other tumor-tropic agents / ROS inducing drugs results in a tumor-specific and enhanced localized therapy paradigm.</p>","PeriodicalId":7284,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Therapeutics","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Overview of the Cancer Targeting Attributes of the Elastin Like Polypeptide Nano-Carriers: Discerning Active and Passive Modes","authors":"Ridhima Goel, Deepak Gulwani, Priyanka Upadhyay, Vijaya Sarangthem, Thoudam Debraj Singh","doi":"10.1002/adtp.202400332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adtp.202400332","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Since the 1940s, generalized cytotoxic therapy has been a valuable tool in cancer treatment. Over the years, there's been a significant increase in developing potential cytotoxic drugs. However, little progress has been made in enhancing patients' quality of life. The therapeutic index is limited due to the drug's poor solubility and lack of selectivity. Various carriers have been explored for drug delivery to enhance efficacy. Yet, there's a gap for a versatile delivery system that can adjust to specific drug and application requirements. Here, a multifaceted drug delivery platform based on a genetically engineered nature-inspired polymer, elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) is introduced. This technology enables the customization of the polymeric vehicle's physicochemical characteristics to suit the needs of a specific drug and application. The review highlights ELP's advantages in cancer targeting, such as site-specificity, controlled release, biocompatibility, and extended plasma circulation. For the first time, ELP-based drug delivery into passive and active targeting for better comprehension of its adaptability is classified. Moreover, numerous opportunities for loading different types of drugs onto the polymer are outlined. Finally, the polymer's efficacy in delivery across multiple cancer types, underscoring the wide spectrum of ELP-based cancer drug delivery is precisely described.</p>","PeriodicalId":7284,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Therapeutics","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Victoria García-Almodóvar, Karina Ovejero-Paredes, Diana Díaz-García, José M. Méndez-Arriaga, Sanjiv Prashar, Marco Filice, Santiago Gómez-Ruiz
{"title":"Albumin-Loaded Silica Nanomaterials Functionalized with Organotin(IV) Agents: Theranostic Materials Against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (Adv. Therap. 10/2024)","authors":"Victoria García-Almodóvar, Karina Ovejero-Paredes, Diana Díaz-García, José M. Méndez-Arriaga, Sanjiv Prashar, Marco Filice, Santiago Gómez-Ruiz","doi":"10.1002/adtp.202470021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adtp.202470021","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cover image of article 2400114 by Marco Filice, Santiago Gómez-Ruiz, and co-workers illustrates the action and high potential of albumin-loaded silica-based porous nanomaterials functionalized with organotin(IV) cytotoxic agents. These systems adequately functionalized with both fluorescein derivatives and indocyanine green moieties can be applied as theranostic materials to target, track, internalize and decrease the viability of triple negative breast cancer cells.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":7284,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Therapeutics","volume":"7 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adtp.202470021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142435684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yue Zhang, Ming Xu, Zhihong Wu, Fan Yang, Lu Zhang, Yiquan Liu, Jiahao Lv, Shuyue Xiang, Beiyuan Fan, Zijian Zhao, Yanzhao Li, Yang Yu
{"title":"Urine Liquid Biopsies via Highly Integrated Digital PCR System for Accurate Detection of Bladder Cancer (Adv. Therap. 10/2024)","authors":"Yue Zhang, Ming Xu, Zhihong Wu, Fan Yang, Lu Zhang, Yiquan Liu, Jiahao Lv, Shuyue Xiang, Beiyuan Fan, Zijian Zhao, Yanzhao Li, Yang Yu","doi":"10.1002/adtp.202470020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adtp.202470020","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In article 2400191, Zijian Zhao, Yanzhao Li, Yang Yu, and co-workers develop a highly accurate urine-based diagnostic tool for bladder cancer using an on-chip heating dPCR system. By integrating genetic and epigenetic biomarkers and optimizing the diagnostic model with machine learning, the tool achieved high sensitivity and specificity in detecting bladder cancer and shows potential for differentiating tumor stages.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":7284,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Therapeutics","volume":"7 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adtp.202470020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142435686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Valentina Frusca, Chiara Cavallini, Agata Zamborlin, Giuliana Drava, Virginia Barone, Lisa Gherardini, Mario Chiariello, Paolo Armanetti, Maria Laura Ermini, Luca Menichetti, Valerio Voliani
{"title":"In Vivo Combined Photoacoustic Imaging and Photothermal Treatment of HPV-Negative Head and Neck Carcinoma with NIR-Responsive Non-Persistent Plasmon Nano-Architectures (Adv. Therap. 10/2024)","authors":"Valentina Frusca, Chiara Cavallini, Agata Zamborlin, Giuliana Drava, Virginia Barone, Lisa Gherardini, Mario Chiariello, Paolo Armanetti, Maria Laura Ermini, Luca Menichetti, Valerio Voliani","doi":"10.1002/adtp.202470023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adtp.202470023","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Non-persistent nanoarchitectures showing both photoacoustic and photothermal features are introduced and preclinically validated. This approach fosters the establishment of alternative strategies for HPV-negative head/neck carcinoma management that support both real-time imaging and non-ionizing treatment. More details can be found in article 2400110 by Luca Menichetti, Valerio Voliani, and co-workers.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":7284,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Therapeutics","volume":"7 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adtp.202470023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142435302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jingjing Gao, Bhingaradiya Nutan, Dorra Gargouri, Nishkal D. Pisal, Vy Do, Muhammad Zubair, Hommam Alanzi, Hiqui Wang, Dongtak Lee, Nitin Joshi, Aman Ullah
{"title":"Unlocking the Potential of Chemically Modified Nucleic Acid Therapeutics","authors":"Jingjing Gao, Bhingaradiya Nutan, Dorra Gargouri, Nishkal D. Pisal, Vy Do, Muhammad Zubair, Hommam Alanzi, Hiqui Wang, Dongtak Lee, Nitin Joshi, Aman Ullah","doi":"10.1002/adtp.202400231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adtp.202400231","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nucleic acid therapeutics have demonstrated tremendous potential for treating diseases by targeting the genetic underpinnings at the transcriptomic level. However, their efficacy hinges on robust strategies to protect nucleic acids from degradation during circulation and to facilitate precise delivery to diseased tissues and cells. Here the critical roles of chemical modification and bioconjugation in advancing nucleic acid therapeutics for improved binding affinity, enhanced stability, and targeted delivery are reviewed. Commencing diverse applications, the significance of different chemical modifications is discussed based on recent literature and clinical products, on oligonucleotides. These modifications encompass backbone, ribose, base alterations and bioconjugation techniques such as <i>N</i>-acetylgalactosamine (GAlNac), aptamers, antibodies, and cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). Supported by a clinical perspective, diverse applications and ongoing developments are highlighted. Furthermore, the current landscape of nucleic acid therapeutics and their potential in addressing genetic disorders with multiple cellular/organelle targeting is discussed. Here the promising prospect of combining chemical innovation and bioconjugation strategies is underscored to propel the development of more effective nucleic acid therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":7284,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Therapeutics","volume":"7 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adtp.202400231","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142588162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Infrared Light Activated Highly Efficient Cell Therapy Using Flower-Shaped Microstructure Device","authors":"Ashwini Surendra Shinde, Pallavi Shinde, Moeto Nagai, Srabani Kar, Tuhin Subhra Santra","doi":"10.1002/adtp.202400046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adtp.202400046","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this pioneering study, an infrared light-activated highly efficient and uniform, small to large biomolecular delivery into various cell types is developed using a flower-shaped microstructure device (FMD). Featuring a unique structural design, this FMD consists of 8 µm in length, with edges of ≈3 and 20 µm gaps between FMD microstructure. When subjected to IR laser exposure at 1050 nm, the FMD triggers the generation of photothermal cavitation bubbles, exerting jet fluid flow on the cell's plasma membrane surface, and facilitating biomolecule delivery into cells. The platform achieves efficient intracellular delivery spanning various biomolecules — from low-molecular-weight propidium iodide dye to higher molecular weight siRNA, plasmid, and enzymes — across human cervical (SiHa), mouse fibroblast (L929), and neural crest-derived (N2a) cancer cells, ensuring consistently high efficiency without compromising cell viability. 95% delivery efficacy and 96% cell viability are achieved for smaller molecules like PI dye in L929 cells. For larger biomolecules such as enzymes, transfection efficiency reached 82%, and cell viability is nearly 90% in SiHa cells. This is confirmed via confocal microscopy and flow cytometry, the FMD-based delivery system holds broad potential for cellular diagnostics and therapeutics, promising significant advancements in cellular research and biomedical treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":7284,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Therapeutics","volume":"7 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142588163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}