Discovery immunology最新文献_第3页

Gut immune responses and evolution of the gut microbiome – a hypothesis 肠道免疫反应和肠道微生物群的进化--一个假设

Discovery immunology Pub Date : 2023-11-23 DOI: 10.1093/discim/kyad025

Marcus W. Viney, Louise Cheynel

引用次数: 0

RAM is upregulated during T cell activation and is required for RNA cap formation and gene expression RAM 在 T 细胞活化过程中上调，是 RNA 帽形成和基因表达所必需的

Discovery immunology Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.1093/discim/kyad021

Katarzyna Knop, C. Gómez-Moreira, Alison Galloway, Dimitrinka Ditsova, V. Cowling

引用次数: 0

Immunotherapy in the context of immune-specialized environment of brain metastases 脑转移瘤免疫特化环境下的免疫疗法

Discovery immunology Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.1093/discim/kyad023

F. James, M. Lorger

引用次数: 0

Eosinophils in obesity and obesity-associated disorders 嗜酸性粒细胞在肥胖和肥胖相关疾病中的作用

Discovery immunology Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.1093/discim/kyad022

Yanan Hu, Svetoslav Chakarov

引用次数: 0

Pericardial & Mediastinal Fat-Associated Lymphoid Clusters are rapidly activated in an alkane induced model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 心包,纵隔脂肪相关淋巴细胞簇在烷烃诱导的系统性红斑狼疮模型中被迅速激活

Discovery immunology Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1093/discim/kyad017

Karolina Bentkowska, Alex Hardgrave, Nadia Iqbal, Laura Gresty, Bethany Marsden, Sheila Macharia, Lucy Jackson-Jones

{"title":"Pericardial & Mediastinal Fat-Associated Lymphoid Clusters are rapidly activated in an alkane induced model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus","authors":"Karolina Bentkowska, Alex Hardgrave, Nadia Iqbal, Laura Gresty, Bethany Marsden, Sheila Macharia, Lucy Jackson-Jones","doi":"10.1093/discim/kyad017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/discim/kyad017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease predominated by auto-antibodies that recognise cellular components. Pleural involvement is the most common SLE-related lung disease. Natural antibodies are rapidly secreted by innate-like B cells following perturbation of homeostasis and are important in the early stages of immune activation. The serous cavities are home to large numbers of innate-like B cells present both within serous fluid and resident within fat-associated lymphoid clusters (FALCs). FALCs are important hubs for B-cell activation and local antibody secretion within the body cavities. Patients with SLE can develop anti-phospholipid antibodies and in rare situations develop alveolar haemorrhage. Utilising delivery of the hydrocarbon oil pristane in C57BL/6 mice as a model of SLE we identify a rapid expansion of pleural cavity B cells as early as day 3 after intra-peritoneal pristane delivery. Following pristane delivery, pericardial B1 B cells are proliferative, express the plasma-cell surface marker CD138 and secrete both innate and class switched antibodies highlighting that this cavity niche may play an unrecognised role in the initiation of lupus pleuritis.","PeriodicalId":72830,"journal":{"name":"Discovery immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135864884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conventional and non-conventional antigen presentation by mast cells 肥大细胞的常规和非常规抗原呈递

Discovery immunology Pub Date : 2023-09-19 DOI: 10.1093/discim/kyad016

Chi-Ching Tung, Abhay P S Rathore, Ashley L St. John

引用次数: 0

Triphasic production of IFNγ by innate and adaptive lymphocytes following influenza A virus infection. 甲型流感病毒感染后先天性和适应性淋巴细胞产生IFNγ的三相性。

Discovery immunology Pub Date : 2023-08-19 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/discim/kyad014

George E Finney, Kerrie E Hargrave, Marieke Pingen, Thomas Purnell, David Todd, Freya MacDonald, Julie C Worrell, Megan K L MacLeod

{"title":"Triphasic production of IFNγ by innate and adaptive lymphocytes following influenza A virus infection.","authors":"George E Finney, Kerrie E Hargrave, Marieke Pingen, Thomas Purnell, David Todd, Freya MacDonald, Julie C Worrell, Megan K L MacLeod","doi":"10.1093/discim/kyad014","DOIUrl":"10.1093/discim/kyad014","url":null,"abstract":"Interferon gamma (IFNγ) is a potent antiviral cytokine that can be produced by many innate and adaptive immune cells during infection. Currently, our understanding of which cells produce IFNγ and where they are located at different stages of an infection is limited. We have used reporter mice to investigate in vivo expression of Ifnγ mRNA in the lung and secondary lymphoid organs during and following influenza A virus (IAV) infection. We observed a triphasic production of Ifnγ expression. Unconventional T cells and innate lymphoid cells, particularly NK cells, were the dominant producers of early Ifnγ, while CD4 and CD8 T cells were the main producers by day 10 post-infection. Following viral clearance, some memory CD4 and CD8 T cells continued to express Ifnγ in the lungs and draining lymph node. Interestingly, Ifnγ production by lymph node natural killer (NK), NKT, and innate lymphoid type 1 cells also continued to be above naïve levels, suggesting memory-like phenotypes for these cells. Analysis of the localization of Ifnγ+ memory CD4 and CD8 T cells demonstrated that cytokine+ T cells were located near airways and in the lung parenchyma. Following a second IAV challenge, lung IAV-specific CD8 T cells rapidly increased their expression of Ifnγ while CD4 T cells in the draining lymph node increased their Ifnγ response. Together, these data suggest that Ifnγ production fluctuates based on cellular source and location, both of which could impact subsequent immune responses.","PeriodicalId":72830,"journal":{"name":"Discovery immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10568397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41241613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CD56^bright natural killer cells preferentially kill proliferating CD4⁺ T cells. 具有 CD56 标记的自然杀伤细胞会优先杀死增殖的 CD4+ T 细胞。

Discovery immunology Pub Date : 2023-08-11 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/discim/kyad012

Mercede Lee, Charles J M Bell, Arcadio Rubio Garcia, Leila Godfrey, Marcin Pekalski, Linda S Wicker, John A Todd, Ricardo C Ferreira

{"title":"CD56bright natural killer cells preferentially kill proliferating CD4+ T cells.","authors":"Mercede Lee, Charles J M Bell, Arcadio Rubio Garcia, Leila Godfrey, Marcin Pekalski, Linda S Wicker, John A Todd, Ricardo C Ferreira","doi":"10.1093/discim/kyad012","DOIUrl":"10.1093/discim/kyad012","url":null,"abstract":"Human CD56br natural killer (NK) cells represent a small subset of CD56+ NK cells in circulation and are largely tissue-resident. The frequency and number of CD56br NK cells in blood has been shown to increase following administration of low-dose IL-2 (LD-IL2), a therapy aimed to specifically expand CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). Given the potential clinical application of LD-IL-2 immunotherapy across several immune diseases, including the autoimmune disease type 1 diabetes, a better understanding of the functional consequences of this expansion is urgently needed. In this study, we developed an in vitro co-culture assay with activated CD4+ T cells to measure NK cell killing efficiency. We show that CD56br and CD56dim NK cells show similar efficiency at killing activated CD4+ conventional T (Tconv) and Treg cell subsets. However, in contrast to CD56dim cells, CD56br NK cells preferentially target highly proliferative cells. We hypothesize that CD56br NK cells have an immunoregulatory role through the elimination of proliferating autoreactive CD4+ Tconv cells that have escaped Treg suppression. These results have implications for the interpretation of current and future trials of LD-IL-2 by providing evidence for a new, possibly beneficial immunomodulatory mechanism of LD-IL-2-expanded CD56br NK cells.","PeriodicalId":72830,"journal":{"name":"Discovery immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10465185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10169103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modulation of macrophages by biophysical cues in health and beyond. 巨噬细胞在健康及其他方面的生物物理信号调节

Discovery immunology Pub Date : 2023-08-10 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/discim/kyad013

Heather M Wilson

{"title":"Modulation of macrophages by biophysical cues in health and beyond.","authors":"Heather M Wilson","doi":"10.1093/discim/kyad013","DOIUrl":"10.1093/discim/kyad013","url":null,"abstract":"Macrophages play a key role in tissue development and homeostasis, innate immune defence against microbes or tumours, and restoring homeostasis through tissue regeneration following infection or injury. The ability to adopt such diverse functions is due to their heterogeneous nature, which is driven largely by their developmental origin and their response to signals they encounter from the microenvironment. The most well-characterized signals driving macrophage phenotype and function are biochemical and metabolic. However, the way macrophages sense and respond to their extracellular biophysical environment is becoming increasingly recognized in the field of mechano-immunology. These biophysical cues can be signals from tissue components, such as the composition and charge of extracellular matrix or topography, elasticity, and stiffness of the tissue surrounding cells; and mechanical forces such as shear stress or stretch. Macrophages are important in determining whether a disease resolves or becomes chronic. Ageing and diseases such as cancer or fibrotic disorders are associated with significant changes in the tissue biophysical environment, and this provides signals that integrate with those from biochemical and metabolic stimuli to ultimately dictate the overall function of macrophages. This review provides a brief overview of macrophage polarization, followed by a selection of commonly recognized physiological and applied biophysical stimuli impacting macrophage activity, and the potential signalling mechanisms driving downstream responses. The effects of biophysical cues on macrophages' function in homeostasis and disease and the associated clinical implications are also highlighted.","PeriodicalId":72830,"journal":{"name":"Discovery immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10917218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43369152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Friend or Foe - Tc17 cell generation and current evidence for their importance in human disease. 友或敌- Tc17细胞的产生及其在人类疾病中重要性的现有证据

Discovery immunology Pub Date : 2023-07-20 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/discim/kyad010

Anna Veronika Hipp, Bertram Bengsch, Anna-Maria Globig

引用次数: 0