Advances in experimental medicine and biology最新文献_第6页

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-57165-7_12

Francesco Nucera, Letterio Bonina, Antonino Cipolla, Pietro Pirina, Philip M Hansbro, Ian M Adcock, Gaetano Caramori

{"title":"Poxviridae Pneumonia.","authors":"Francesco Nucera, Letterio Bonina, Antonino Cipolla, Pietro Pirina, Philip M Hansbro, Ian M Adcock, Gaetano Caramori","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-57165-7_12","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-57165-7_12","url":null,"abstract":"Poxviridae family includes several viruses that infecting humans usually causes skin lesions only, but in some cases their clinical course is complicated by viral pneumonia (with or without bacterial superinfections). Historically variola virus has been the poxviridae most frequently associated with the development of pneumonia with many large outbreaks worldwide before its eradication in 1980. It is still considered a biological threat for its potential in biological warfare and bioterrorism. Smallpox pneumonia can be severe with the onset of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and death. Vaccinia virus, used for vaccination against smallpox exceptionally, in immunocompromised patients, can induce generalized (with also lung involvement) severe disease after vaccination. MPXV virus occasionally can cause pneumonia particularly in immunocompromised patients. The pathophysiology of poxviridae pneumonia is still an area of active research; however, in animal models these viruses can cause both direct damage to the lower airways epithelium and a hyperinflammatory syndrome, like a cytokine storm. Multiple mechanisms of immune evasion have also been described. The treatment of poxviridae pneumonia is mainly based on careful supportive care. Despite the absence of randomized clinical trials in patients with poxviridae pneumonia there are antiviral drugs, such as tecovirimat, cidofovir and brincidofovir, FDA-approved for use in smallpox and also available under an expanded access protocol for treatment of MPXV. There are 2 (replication-deficient modified vaccinia Ankara and replication-competent vaccinia virus) smallpox vaccines FDA-approved with the first one also approved for prevention of MPXV in adults that are at high risk of infection.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141154462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Natural Immunomodulatory Agents as a Complementary Therapy for Poxviruses. 作为痘病毒辅助疗法的天然免疫调节剂

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-57165-7_22

Sami I Ali, Abeer Salama

{"title":"Natural Immunomodulatory Agents as a Complementary Therapy for Poxviruses.","authors":"Sami I Ali, Abeer Salama","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-57165-7_22","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-57165-7_22","url":null,"abstract":"Poxviruses target innate immunity mediators such as tumor necrosis factors, interleukins, interferons, complement, and chemokines. It also targets adaptive immunity such as CD4+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, and B cells. Emerging of the recent epidemic of monkeypox virus (MPXV), a zoonotic disease native to Central and Western Africa, besides the lack of permitted treatments for poxviruses infections, encouraged researchers to identify effective inhibitors to help in preventing and treating poxviruses infections. Natural bioactive components, particularly polyphenolics, are promising for creating powerful antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, immune-stimulating, and antiviral agents. As a result, they are potentially effective therapies for preventing and treating viral diseases, such as infections caused by poxviruses including the recent pandemic MPXV. Polyphenolics: rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, resveratrol, quercitrin, myricitrin, gingerol, gallotannin, and propolis-benzofuran A, as well as isoquinoline alkaloids: galanthamine and thalimonine represent prospective antiviral agents against MPXV, they can inhibit MPXV and other poxviruses via targeting different viral elements including DNA Topoisomerase I (TOP1), Thymidine Kinase (TK), serine/threonine protein kinase (Ser/Thr kinase), and protein A48R. The bioactive extracts of different traditional plants including Guiera senegalensis, Larrea tridentata, Sarracenia purpurea, Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers., Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Quercus infectoria, Rhus chinensis, Prunella vulgaris L., Salvia rosmarinus, and Origanum vulgare also can inhibit the growth of different poxviruses including MPXV, vaccinia virus (VACV), variola virus, buffalopox virus, fowlpox virus, and cowpox virus. There is an urgent need for additional molecular studies to identify and confirm the anti-poxviruses properties of various natural bioactive components, especially those that showed potent antiviral activity against other viruses.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141154505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Overview of Potential Antiviral Bioactive Compounds in Poxviruses. 痘病毒中潜在的抗病毒生物活性化合物概述。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-57165-7_21

Sunil Kumar

引用次数: 0

Immunization Strategies Against Clostridioides difficile. 艰难梭菌的免疫策略

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-42108-2_7

Camille Campidelli, Jean-François Bruxelle, Anne Collignon, Severine Péchiné

{"title":"Immunization Strategies Against Clostridioides difficile.","authors":"Camille Campidelli, Jean-François Bruxelle, Anne Collignon, Severine Péchiné","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-42108-2_7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-42108-2_7","url":null,"abstract":"Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) infection (CDI) is an important healthcare but also a community-associated disease. CDI is considered a public health threat and an economic burden. A major problem is the high rate of recurrences. Besides classical antibiotic treatments, new therapeutic strategies are needed to prevent infection, to treat patients, and to prevent recurrences. If fecal transplantation has been recommended to treat recurrences, another key approach is to elicit immunity against C. difficile and its virulence factors. Here, after a summary concerning the virulence factors, the host immune response against C. difficile, and its role in the outcome of disease, we review the different approaches of passive immunotherapies and vaccines developed against CDI. Passive immunization strategies are designed in function of the target antigen, the antibody-based product, and its administration route. Similarly, for active immunization strategies, vaccine antigens can target toxins or surface proteins, and immunization can be performed by parenteral or mucosal routes. For passive immunization and vaccination as well, we first present immunization assays performed in animal models and second in humans and associated clinical trials. The different studies are presented according to the mode of administration either parenteral or mucosal and the target antigens and either toxins or colonization factors.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139085473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neural Oscillations and Multisensory Processing. 神经振荡与多感官处理

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-7611-9_8

Yanfang Zuo, Zuoren Wang

引用次数: 0

Synesthetic Correspondence: An Overview. 联想对应：综述。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-7611-9_7

Lihan Chen

{"title":"Synesthetic Correspondence: An Overview.","authors":"Lihan Chen","doi":"10.1007/978-981-99-7611-9_7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-981-99-7611-9_7","url":null,"abstract":"Intramodal and cross-modal perceptual grouping based on the spatial proximity and temporal closeness between multiple sensory stimuli, as an operational principle has built a coherent and meaningful representation of the multisensory event/object. To implement and investigate the cross-modal perceptual grouping, researchers have employed excellent paradigms of spatial/temporal ventriloquism and cross-modal dynamic capture and have revealed the conditional constraints as well as the functional facilitations among various correspondence of sensory properties, with featured behavioral evidence, computational framework as well as brain oscillation patterns. Typically, synesthetic correspondence as a special type of cross-modal correspondence can shape the efficiency and effect-size of cross-modal interaction. For example, factors such as pitch/loudness in the auditory dimension with size/brightness in the visual dimension could modulate the strength of the cross-modal temporal capture. The empirical behavioral findings, as well as psychophysical and neurophysiological evidence to address the cross-modal perceptual grouping and synesthetic correspondence, were summarized in this review. Finally, the potential applications (such as artificial synesthesia device) and how synesthetic correspondence interface with semantics (sensory linguistics), as well as the promising research questions in this field have been discussed.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139545276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Crossmodal Associations and Working Memory in the Brain. 大脑中的跨模态联想和工作记忆

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-7611-9_6

Yixuan Ku, Yongdi Zhou

引用次数: 0

Decentralized Neural Circuits of Multisensory Information Integration in the Brain. 大脑多感官信息整合的分散神经回路

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-7611-9_1

Wen-Hao Zhang

{"title":"Decentralized Neural Circuits of Multisensory Information Integration in the Brain.","authors":"Wen-Hao Zhang","doi":"10.1007/978-981-99-7611-9_1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-981-99-7611-9_1","url":null,"abstract":"The brain combines multisensory inputs together to obtain a complete and reliable description of the world. Recent experiments suggest that several interconnected multisensory brain areas are simultaneously involved to integrate multisensory information. It was unknown how these mutually connected multisensory areas achieve multisensory integration. To answer this question, using biologically plausible neural circuit models we developed a decentralized system for information integration that comprises multiple interconnected multisensory brain areas. Through studying an example of integrating visual and vestibular cues to infer heading direction, we show that such a decentralized system is well consistent with experimental observations. In particular, we demonstrate that this decentralized system can optimally integrate information by implementing sampling-based Bayesian inference. The Poisson variability of spike generation provides appropriate variability to drive sampling, and the interconnections between multisensory areas store the correlation prior between multisensory stimuli. The decentralized system predicts that optimally integrated information emerges locally from the dynamics of the communication between brain areas and sheds new light on the interpretation of the connectivity between multisensory brain areas.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139545301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From Multisensory Integration to Multisensory Decision-Making. 从多感官整合到多感官决策。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-7611-9_2

Qihao Zheng, Yong Gu

引用次数: 0

Proteomic-Based Studies on Memory Formation in Normal and Neurodegenerative Disease-Affected Brains. 基于蛋白质组学的正常大脑和受神经退行性疾病影响的大脑记忆形成研究

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-50624-6_7

Ikaro Jesus da Silva Beraldo, Mateus Prates Rodrigues, Rafaela Schuttenberg Polanczyk, Thiago Verano-Braga, Cleiton Lopes-Aguiar

{"title":"Proteomic-Based Studies on Memory Formation in Normal and Neurodegenerative Disease-Affected Brains.","authors":"Ikaro Jesus da Silva Beraldo, Mateus Prates Rodrigues, Rafaela Schuttenberg Polanczyk, Thiago Verano-Braga, Cleiton Lopes-Aguiar","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-50624-6_7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-50624-6_7","url":null,"abstract":"A critical aspect of cognition is the ability to acquire, consolidate, and evoke memories, which is considerably impaired by neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. These mnemonic processes are dependent on signaling cascades, which involve protein expression and degradation. Recent mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics has opened a range of possibilities for the study of memory formation and impairment, making it possible to research protein systems not studied before. However, in the context of synaptic proteome related to learning processes and memory formation, a deeper understanding of the synaptic proteome temporal dynamics after induction of synaptic plasticity and the molecular changes underlying the cognitive deficits seen in neurodegenerative diseases is needed. This review analyzes the applications of proteomics for understanding memory processes in both normal and neurodegenerative conditions. Moreover, the most critical experimental studies have been summarized using the PANTHER overrepresentation test. Finally, limitations associated with investigations of memory studies in physiological and neurodegenerative disorders have also been discussed.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139970580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0