Advances in experimental medicine and biology最新文献_第6页

Emerging Trends and Future Directions in Adolescent Growth, Development, and Metabolism Research. 青少年生长、发育和代谢研究的新趋势和未来方向。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-95-7000-3_8

Quanyou Shi, Ming Xu

引用次数: 0

The Role of Exercise in Fat Oxidation and Its Impact on Adolescent Metabolism. 运动在脂肪氧化中的作用及其对青少年代谢的影响。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-95-7000-3_17

Atilla Engin, Ayse Basak Engin

{"title":"The Role of Exercise in Fat Oxidation and Its Impact on Adolescent Metabolism.","authors":"Atilla Engin, Ayse Basak Engin","doi":"10.1007/978-981-95-7000-3_17","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-981-95-7000-3_17","url":null,"abstract":"Adolescent obesity is a major international public health problem. Many studies have shown that exercise training is of great importance in preventing the excessive amount of increase in body fat mass. It has been thought that exercise programs that increase the rate of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) will result in an acceptable reduction in fat mass after a period of time. However, it is still questionable which exercise, and its intensity is most effective for increasing the fat loss. The aim of this review is to discuss exercise intensity-dependent energy consumption and the contribution of lipid oxidation to supply energy demand in the metabolic adaptation of adolescent metabolism to exercise training. A constant sedentary lifestyle leads to insulin resistance and vascular function problems, and an increased rate of carbohydrate oxidation ultimately leads to the accumulation of body fat mass. The exercise program to be implemented in sedentary behavior is decided by monitoring frequency, intensity, time, and type of exercise. Increased adipose tissue perfusion dependent on exercise intensity, results in increased FAO and lipolysis. Surprisingly, lipolysis during high-intensity exercise is less than FAO during low-intensity exercise. A positive correlation has been found between maximum FAO and insulin sensitivity in healthy adolescents.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1505 ","pages":"343-365"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147589371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How Do Cancer Cells Fuse and Why? 癌细胞是如何融合的？为什么？

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-22637-2_9

Kayode Komolafe, Oluwatoyin V Odubanjo, Ariane M Chitoh, Felicite K Noubissi

{"title":"How Do Cancer Cells Fuse and Why?","authors":"Kayode Komolafe, Oluwatoyin V Odubanjo, Ariane M Chitoh, Felicite K Noubissi","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-22637-2_9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-032-22637-2_9","url":null,"abstract":"Cell fusion is increasingly recognized as a critical event in cancer biology. The process has now been associated with diverse outcomes related to cancer pathophysiology, including tumor heterogeneity, metastasis, immune evasion, therapy resistance, and progression. Evidence from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies confirms that both homotypic (cancer-cancer) and heterotypic (cancer-non-cancer) fusion events result in hybrid populations with enhanced fitness. Comparable to what occurs in normal physiological conditions, fusion involves membrane priming, adhesion, merging, and post-fusion resetting. The process of fusion is driven by fusogens such as syncytin-1 and annexins, and it is influenced by external cues, including inflammation, hypoxia, viral infection, and therapeutic stress. Functionally, cell fusion boosts genomic instability and tumor plasticity, increases metastatic potential, allows for stem-like reprogramming, and aids in immune evasion. Clinically, hybrid cells could serve as reliable biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment stratification. Nevertheless, the dual function of fusion in tumor growth and normal physiology necessitates context-specific approaches. Unraveling the fusion machinery or leveraging fusion-induced immunogenicity might yield novel therapeutic opportunities. This chapter discusses the molecular, functional, and clinical aspects of cancer cell fusion, as well as its importance in cancer progression and therapy resistance.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1509 ","pages":"217-253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147986156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advances in Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) for Targeted Proteomics in Biomedical Research. 多反应监测（MRM）在生物医学研究中的应用进展

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-29437-1_34

Elyssa N Baker, Timon Geib, Christoph H Borchers

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Proteoform Catcher: The Power of 2D SDS-PAGE, Western Blotting, and Mass Spectrometry in Protein Characterization. Proteoform Catcher: 2D SDS-PAGE， Western Blotting和质谱法在蛋白质表征中的作用。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-29437-1_30

Nancy Kendrick, Matt Hoelter, Ginny Powers, Aneeta Arshad, Costel C Darie, Jon Johansen

{"title":"Proteoform Catcher: The Power of 2D SDS-PAGE, Western Blotting, and Mass Spectrometry in Protein Characterization.","authors":"Nancy Kendrick, Matt Hoelter, Ginny Powers, Aneeta Arshad, Costel C Darie, Jon Johansen","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-29437-1_30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-29437-1_30","url":null,"abstract":"Two-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D SDS-PAGE) is a method that separates proteins according to their isoelectric point in the first dimension and molecular mass in the second dimension. Evidence is provided that 2D SDS-PAGE is reproducible, robust, and compatible with SDS in both dimensions, including isoelectric focusing in tube gels, the first dimension. The 2D gel pattern of rat liver microsomes shows more detail and sharper spot outlines when dissolved in SDS buffer with heating than in urea buffer, and is better yet when dissolved in a mixture of both buffers. Quantification of 60 proteins in rat liver cytosol over a wide range of pI and MW gave linear plots of spot density versus total protein for loads of 200, 400, and 600 µg protein dissolved in SDS buffer and run in triplicate on 2D gels (Average R2 = 0.987). Examples are provided in which proteins found by 2D gel western blotting, cut from stained gels, and identified by mass spectrometry (MS) are proteoforms with unique post-translational modifications. Such proteins would not have been found by either method alone.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1359 ","pages":"507-520"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149236586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mass Spectrometry-Based Identification of Post-Translational Modifications (PTMs) of Proteins. 基于质谱的蛋白质翻译后修饰（PTMs）鉴定

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-29437-1_26

Aneeta Arshad, Pathea S Bruno, Victor T Njoku, Taniya M Jayaweera, Kelly L Wormwood, Alisa G Woods, Costel C Darie, Roshanak Aslebagh

引用次数: 0

Clinical, Molecular and Bioinformatic Study of Common Thrombophilia Mutation Factor V Leiden. 常见血栓病突变因子V Leiden的临床、分子和生物信息学研究。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-03402-1_8

Antonia Angelopoulou, Eleni Papakonstantinou, Dimitrios Vlachakis, George P Chrousos, Nikolaos Cosmidis, Christos Yapijakis

{"title":"Clinical, Molecular and Bioinformatic Study of Common Thrombophilia Mutation Factor V Leiden.","authors":"Antonia Angelopoulou, Eleni Papakonstantinou, Dimitrios Vlachakis, George P Chrousos, Nikolaos Cosmidis, Christos Yapijakis","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-03402-1_8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-03402-1_8","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The most common genetic cause associated with thrombophilia is Leiden mutation (G1691A) of the coagulation factor V (FV) (F5) gene.Materials and methods: Data collected anonymously from 355 unrelated Greeks examined for the above mutation were analyzed. Bioinformatic investigation was conducted for factor V, including phylogenetic analysis, genetic network analysis, and 3D modelling of wild-type and Leiden protein.Results: Analysis confirmed the importance of F5 Leiden in thrombosis and the significance of a positive family history of thrombosis. In silico analysis of the F5 Leiden revealed a linkage between mammalian species and a potential functional interaction of F5 with 25 other genes, several of which have been associated with cardiovascular diseases. 3D modelling revealed that the Leiden mutation confers an H-bond network alteration in the functional region of FV, resulting in a hypercoagulable state.Conclusions: This study highlighted the great value of a positive family history of thrombosis and the importance of testing for this common mutation as a prevention strategy component for thrombophilia, including thrombotic brain aneurysms. Bioinformatic analysis indicated the importance of the Leiden mutation in protein structure and function. The findings of this study increase understanding of molecular and clinical features of thrombophilia and may eventually lead to better prevention of thrombosis.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1490 ","pages":"67-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145888378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative Analysis of High-Throughput Data in AML Detection. AML检测中高通量数据的比较分析。

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-03402-1_11

Anastasios Theodorou, Costas Papaloukas

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of High-Throughput Data in AML Detection.","authors":"Anastasios Theodorou, Costas Papaloukas","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-03402-1_11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-03402-1_11","url":null,"abstract":"Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous hematological melanoma disease, which faces significant challenges in diagnosis and treatment due to its genetic complexity and variable clinical outcomes.NF342 by juxtaposition with MPO promoter/enhan In the current work, the potential of microarrays and next-generation RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) is assessed for the study of cancer and specifically to separate differences in expression that distinguish samples with AML from control ones. By using datasets derived from microarrays and RNA-seq, the study observes that there are differences in gene expression between AML samples and control. The selected probes were used as a foundation in the development of a classifier that can distinguish the AML samples. The probes then underwent cross-mapping from the microarrays platform to the RNA-seq one and vice versa. This ensured the adaptability and the reliability of the classifier on different platforms. The classifier that was trained (using probes from the same platform) showed greater reliability in the dataset from next-generation RNA-seq platform, with an accuracy of 98.9%, 98.7% sensitivity, and 100% specificity. However, when opposite platform probes were used, that underwent cross-mapping, the reliability of the classifier in the dataset from microarrays platform significantly increased. In particular, it reached an accuracy of 99.3%, 99.4% specificity, and a sensitivity of 96.4%. Lastly, the selection methods were used again with a higher number of genes and then gene set enrichment analysis was performed to find the pathways where the genes are connected. This showed the significance of multiple pathways including \"Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum Homo sapiens hsa04141\" and \"Proteoglycans in cancer Homo sapiens hsa05205.\"","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1490 ","pages":"103-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145888418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Mitochondrial Function in the Brain. 产前酒精暴露与大脑线粒体功能

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-12741-9_8

Rika Morales, Shiwani Thapa, Anna N Bukiya

{"title":"Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Mitochondrial Function in the Brain.","authors":"Rika Morales, Shiwani Thapa, Anna N Bukiya","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-12741-9_8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-12741-9_8","url":null,"abstract":"Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is recognized as a leading preventable cause of birth defects, giving rise to a continuum of cognitive, behavioral, and physical impairments collectively referred to as Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD). While PAE affects multiple developing organ systems, the fetal brain is particularly vulnerable, exhibiting enduring structural and functional abnormalities in response to alcohol exposure. Recent research highlights mitochondrial dysfunction as an important mechanism in the pathogenesis of alcohol-related neurodevelopmental deficits. Mitochondria are highly susceptible to alcohol-induced damage, and mounting evidence demonstrates mitochondrial impairments across various organ systems following PAE-focusing growing attention on its specific effects within the developing central nervous system. This chapter explores the essential roles of mitochondria throughout key stages of neurodevelopment and evaluates how PAE disrupts mitochondrial function in different organ systems. Special emphasis is placed on the developing brain, with a focus on its three primary cellular populations: neurons, glial cells, and the cerebral vasculature. Current findings indicate that fetal mitochondria are particularly sensitive to alcohol exposure, resulting in altered mitochondrial morphology, increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), elevated oxidative stress, and impaired cellular respiration.Taken together, these data underscore mitochondria as a critical and vulnerable target of PAE-especially in the developing brain-where mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the neurodevelopmental deficits' characteristic of FASD. Advancing our understanding of these mechanisms opens the door to mitochondria-targeted interventions, offering promising therapeutic avenues to protect mitochondrial function and mitigate the long-term consequences of prenatal alcohol exposure.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1500 ","pages":"213-251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145888477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on Cerebral Cortex Development. 产前酒精暴露对大脑皮质发育的影响

4区医学

Advances in experimental medicine and biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-12741-9_6

L Oskera, M Charlet-Briart, S Tielens, L Nguyen, S Laguesse

{"title":"Impact of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on Cerebral Cortex Development.","authors":"L Oskera, M Charlet-Briart, S Tielens, L Nguyen, S Laguesse","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-12741-9_6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-12741-9_6","url":null,"abstract":"Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) represent a significant global health concern and are the leading cause of preventable birth defects, intellectual disabilities, and persistent behavioral deficits. The neurodevelopmental mechanisms underlying FASD are not yet fully understood, but there is growing interest in the role of cortical development in the manifestation of these disorders. The cerebral cortex serves as the master regulator of higher-order functions, including sensory perception, motor planning, decision-making, and general intelligence-processes that are all adversely affected by prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE). Higher-level functions emerge from a complex and intricately interconnected neuronal network that develops through a series of delicate and sequential stages involving neuronal and glial cell generation, proliferation, migration, differentiation, and maturation. Recent evidence suggests that PAE disrupts these developmental processes, leading to impaired cortical structure, altered connectivity, and ultimately, to the neurobehavioral deficits observed in individuals with FASD. Rodent models, along with in vitro approaches, have proven invaluable for elucidating the consequences of PAE on cortical development and the underlying mechanisms associated with PAE-related disorders. Although gaps in knowledge remain, advancing our understanding of the neurodevelopmental basis of FASD is essential for identifying potential therapeutic targets and enhancing early intervention strategies for those affected by FASD in the future.","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1500 ","pages":"143-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145888493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0