Advances in experimental medicine and biology最新文献

{"title":"Retraction Note to: Transformative Therapies for Wound Care: Insights into Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine.","authors":"Mrunal Damle, Vaishali Gaikwad, Meghnad G Joshi","doi":"10.1007/5584_2026_882","DOIUrl":"10.1007/5584_2026_882","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148142261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction Note to: Epigenetich Mechanisms Involved in the Etiology of Lung Cancers: From Noncoding RNAs to Exosomal Noncoding RNAs.","authors":"Mahdi Rafiyan, Seyyede Fatemeh Mahmoudhashemi, Elham Tootoonchi, Majid Mousavi, Ali Shafiei, Niloufar Rezaei, Mohammadamin Morshedi, Mohammadmatin Morshedi, Gordon A Ferns, Hamidreza Jamaati, Seyed MohammadReza Hashemian, Hamed Mirzaei","doi":"10.1007/5584_2025_881","DOIUrl":"10.1007/5584_2025_881","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146028135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Oral Immunity on Neuroinflammation and Neurodegenerative Diseases.","authors":"Mehrshad Ashford, Heliya Ziaei, Nima Rezaei","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-03176-1_13","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-032-03176-1_13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral health is increasingly recognized as an important factor in the regulation of systemic immune responses and neurological health. Disruption of immune homeostasis in oral tissues, particularly in chronic conditions such as periodontitis, has been linked to the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). This chapter explores how chronic inflammatory conditions in the oral cavity, oral dysbiosis, and the presence of specific periodontopathogens contribute to systemic immune activation, microglial priming, and blood-brain barrier dysfunction. The discussion addresses multiple mechanistic pathways underlying these relationships, such as hematogenous spread of microbial components with subsequent systemic immune stimulation, neural signaling via trigeminal and vagal pathways, and alterations in gut-brain communication through the integrated oral-gut-brain axis. The chapter also reviews findings from clinical and experimental studies demonstrating correlations between oral inflammation and cognitive impairment, structural brain alterations, and elevated inflammatory and neurodegenerative biomarkers. Oral health disturbances are considered not only as secondary outcomes of neurological disease but also as a potential contributing factor in their pathogenesis. The emphasis is on the importance of incorporating oral health assessment and maintenance into preventive and therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative conditions, while highlighting the necessity for well-designed mechanistic investigations to further explain these complex relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1492 ","pages":"255-272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145501444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction to Oral Immunity.","authors":"Heliya Ziaei, Nima Rezaei","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-03176-1_1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-032-03176-1_1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The oral immune system functions as a primary line of defense, composed of oral epithelial barriers, salivary antimicrobial factors, and various innate and adaptive immune components to prevent pathogen entry. Resident immune cells in oral tissues help maintain tolerance to commensal microorganisms while simultaneously responding to harmful external stimuli and contributing to systemic immune regulation. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the immunological components and their functions in the oral cavity, emphasizing the dual role of maintaining tolerance to commensal microbes and dietary antigens while initiating protective responses against pathogens. Any disruptions in this balance, such as oral dysbiosis or immune dysregulation, can lead to the development of local inflammatory conditions; it may also contribute to systemic immune disturbances and related pathologies. Immune mechanisms also regulate craniofacial development and postnatal bone remodeling and regeneration, mainly through cytokine-mediated signaling pathways and interactions between stem cells and immune cells. Several local and systemic immunological pathways are often dysregulated in oral inflammatory conditions, which makes them important therapeutic targets. Therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways include immune checkpoint inhibitors, microbiome-directed interventions, stem cell-based therapies, and salivary diagnostics for real-time and noninvasive immune profiling. These offer promising approaches for restoring oral and systemic immune balance. Finally, this chapter has reviewed recent technological advances, such as single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), spatial transcriptomics, metagenomics, and multi-omics integration, in the context of oral immunity. These novel techniques are transforming oral immunology, since they enable high-resolution characterization of cellular, microbial, and molecular interactions, and support the transition toward establishing more precise diagnosis and treatment plans. These findings suggest that oral immunity plays a critical role in linking local mucosal defense and systemic immune responses. Therefore, understanding oral immune mechanisms in health and inflammatory conditions is important for revealing disease pathogenesis and guiding targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1492 ","pages":"3-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145501527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redefining GVHD Prophylaxis: The Expanding Horizon of Posttransplant Cyclophosphamide.","authors":"Taner Tan, Zehra Narlı Özdemir, Sinem Civriz Bozdağ","doi":"10.1007/5584_2025_873","DOIUrl":"10.1007/5584_2025_873","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) represents a paradigm shift in the prevention of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). As a high-dose, posttransplant immunomodulatory agent, PTCy offers a unique mechanism to facilitate graft tolerance, mitigate GVHD, and preserve graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effects. The beneficial effects of PTCy on GVHD appears to be independent of donor type, graft source, or conditioning regimen intensity. This chapter provides an in-depth analysis of the mechanisms underlying PTCy and its clinical applications in haploidentical, HLA-matched, and -mismatched HSCT, highlighting its transformative impact in transplantation medicine. PTCy is emerging as a new standard GVHD prophylaxis for all HSCT settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":" ","pages":"87-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncontrolled Orthostatic Hypotension and Multi-channel Cerebral Hemodynamic Changes in a Young Male Participant: A Case Report.","authors":"Atsuhiro Tsubaki, Sho Kojima, Hajime Tamiya, Shinichiro Morishita, Soshi Samejima, Kentaro Iwata","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-10389-5_29","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-032-10389-5_29","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We aimed to determine the changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) due to uncontrolled orthostatic hypotension and the oxygenated hemoglobin(O₂Hb), deoxygenated hemoglobin (HHb), and total hemoglobin (THb) changes in a young male participant. The participant (23 y.o. male, no medication) stood in a quiet room before the main experiment. Changes in O₂Hb, HHb, and THb levels were detected using NIRS optodes comprising 12 light sources and 12 detectors, providing 24-channel simultaneous recording. A 30-mm inter-optode distance was set for measuring cortical tissue hemodynamics. The Cz position of the international 10-20 system was used to ensure consistent optode placement. The regions of interest were the right (R-) and left (L-) prefrontal cortex (PFC), supplementary motor area (SMA), and sensorimotor cortex (SMC). We also measured MAP and skin blood flow (SBF) from the forehead and hemodynamic changes in the left vastus lateralis (VL) muscle. The participant stood for 600 s, including baseline measurements. The MAP decreased rapidly at approximately 500 s. A decrease was noted in the O₂Hb and THb of the SMA from 420 s and L- and R-PFC from 450 s, but was more pronounced after 500 s. The HHb signal showed a change opposite to that of O₂Hb and THb. The SBF decreased momentarily at approximately 500 s but increased immediately after and did not recover until the end of the measurement at 540 s. The O₂Hb and THb of the VL increased from 500 to 540 s. NIRS may detect uncontrolled orthostatic hypotension before a decrease in the MAP.</p>","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1498 ","pages":"237-241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146040097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonologist Gender Preference and Associated Factors.","authors":"Evangelos C Fradelos, Paraskevi Kirgou, Ilias E Dimeas, Vissarion Bakalis, Eirini Varelopoulou, Anastasia Triantafillou, Sophia K Papathanasiou, Maria M Pitsilka, Alexandra Sistou, Nikolaos G Zikos, Zoe Daniil","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-03394-9_30","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-032-03394-9_30","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The preference for the gender of physicians has been the subject of numerous studies, primarily conducted abroad. Several of these studies reveal that a considerable number of female patients prefer to consult with a female doctor, especially for issues related to gynecological care. This study aimed to: (a) investigate patient preferences regarding the gender of physicians in pulmonology, (b) explore factors related to these preferences, and (c) examine the relationship between gender preferences and health locus control among the treated individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study design was applied in this study. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of three parts: The first part includes questions related to the demographic characteristics of the sample (age, profession, education, etc.). The second part of the questionnaire consists of a specially designed section that examines (a) gender preferences for the pulmonologist, (b) age preferences of the physician, and (c) reasons for choosing a specific gender, such as knowledge and skills, communication, etc. Finally, the third part of the questionnaire includes the Health Locus of Control scale. The statistical software package for social sciences (SPSS), version 25.0, was utilized for data analysis. The level of statistical significance will be set at 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the results, the majority of the participants didn't have a specific preference, but if they did, they favored female pulmonologists over men. Moreover, only monthly income emerged as a significant associated factor for pulmonologist gender preference.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The majority exhibited no specific preference, but among those who did, a preference for female pulmonologists over males was observed. Monthly income emerged as a significant factor associated with pulmonologist gender preference.</p>","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1489 ","pages":"297-304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145538441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Phenomenological Study on Transplant Life Post-liver Transplantation in Greece: Reconstructing Identity and Managing a Transformed Body.","authors":"Marianthi Paraskeva, Lydia Lentzari, Chrysoula Tsiou, Alexandra Koreli, Aggeliki Stamou, Sotirios Plakas, Evdokia Missouridou, Marianna Mantzorou, Theodoula Adamakidou, Meropi Mpouzika, Nikoletta Margari, Ioanna Prasini, Fiona Timmins, Stelios Parissopoulos","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-03394-9_24","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-032-03394-9_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Organ transplantation is a complex process and one of the most advanced procedures for patients suffering from end-stage liver disease. Transplant Life (TL) has been described as uncertainty, adjustment to later life, and body reclamation. This qualitative study explores the experiences of TL post-liver transplantation among adult individuals in Greece, as such research is pivotal in stepping into their world, but still scarce.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the experience and challenges of TL post-liver transplantation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A phenomenological study where 12 adult participants shared their TL experiences after liver transplantation through semi-structured interviews, which were transcribed, coded, and subjected to the thematic analysis approach of Braun and Clarke. This paper presents the findings of a secondary data analysis.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The participants described TL post-liver transplantations as a transformative experience. The core theme \"The lived experience of transplant life: reconstructing identity and managing a transformed body\" comprised of five sub-themes: (a) Life and Reality: \"finding myself in a new reality,\" (b) Selfhood and Others: \"I am reborn, though afraid,\" (c) Managing a Transformed Body: \"treasuring my liver transplant/graft,\" (d) The before and during transplantation experience: \"will I wake up?,\" and (e) The Return to Life: \"I am grateful.\"</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The participants described their experience as one of growth and body reclamation, resilience, navigation through risks, acceptance and uncertainty, identity reconstruction, and body transformation through a transplanted organ.</p>","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1489 ","pages":"237-251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145538556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Study of Unsupervised and Deep Learning Methods for Automatic Segmentation of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm on CT Images: Preliminary Results.","authors":"D Arampatzis, E Athanasiadis, E Kontopodis, Ι Theodorakopoulos, I Theocharakis, S Kostopoulos, D Glotsos, P Asvestas, A Raptis, Ch Manopoulos, K Moulakakis, J Kakisis, I Kalatzis","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-03394-9_33","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-032-03394-9_33","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Considering that most AAAs remain asymptomatic until they are close to rupture, an efficient workflow for the accurate detection and delineation is crucial for the clinical outcome. In this study, we conduct a comparative analysis of two different AAA segmentation algorithms using X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) images from 18 patients diagnosed with AAA, which have not been used in similar studies before. The methodologies employed include an in-house segmentation algorithm based on conventional image analysis techniques, and a deep learning approach based on the nnU-Net -framework called TotalSegmentor. The CT dataset, which contained baseline studies, was processed, and the manual annotations by clinicians were used as ground truth. Results demonstrated a high degree of accuracy and robustness, with TotalSegmentor achieving an average Sorensen-Dice coefficient of 0.89 and Jaccard index of 0.81 across the dataset, compared to the proposed unsupervised method's scores of 0.85 and 0.77, respectively. These findings highlight the potential of deep learning-based models to enhance clinical workflows, ultimately improving early detection and monitoring of AAA.</p>","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1489 ","pages":"335-345"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145538559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comorbidity Patterns in Alcohol Use Disorder: A Short-Term Residential Program Pilot Study.","authors":"S Stavrou, E Segredou, P Nikolaidou, K Therapou, G Papaefstathiou, N Athanasiou, V Mouchtouri, G Moularogiorgou, E Poulis, M Petalotis, E Missouridou","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-03394-9_28","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-032-03394-9_28","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alcohol use disorder (AUD) often coexists with psychiatric disorders, complicating treatment and outcome. This pilot study highlights the psychiatric disorders that co-exist with AUD in 403 consecutive admissions to a short-term residential program of the Psychiatric Hospital of Attica, Greece. Clinical and demographic data for these patients were systematically recorded and analyzed. Subsequently, patients diagnosed with at least one other psychiatric disorder were identified and categorized. Notably, approximately 87% of the patients were diagnosed with at least one comorbid psychiatric disorder, with comorbidities reported for Substance Use Disorders, Personality Disorders, Major Depressive Disorder, Anxiety Disorders, Bipolar Disorder, Eating Disorders, and Schizophrenia. The findings indicate that the majority of patients with AUD in this program exhibit at least one additional psychiatric disorder, consistent with trends observed in the international literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1489 ","pages":"283-289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145538659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}