Advances in experimental medicine and biology最新文献

{"title":"Gender Incongruence: An Overview of Current Status and Perspectives.","authors":"Maria Troupi, Sofia Tsousi, Theodoros N Sergentanis, Artemis K Tsitsika","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-03394-9_47","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-032-03394-9_47","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This literature review seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of the concept of gender incongruence, addressing various aspects of the phenomenon through multiple perspectives.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Eligible studies were sought in Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed databases (end-of-search May 15, 2024).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Global prevalence rates, the experience of the young population, workplace equity, the controversial issues of gender transition and detransition are thoroughly presented.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Gender dysphoria remains a highly contentious subject, even in 2024. Despite ongoing societal and scientific advancements, there remains a notable lack of awareness and comprehensive understanding of gender incongruence. Future research must strive to employ updated and inclusive methodologies while developing robust scientific frameworks to support individuals undergoing gender transitions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1489 ","pages":"493-499"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145538802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data-Driven Precision Learning: Transforming Adult Education with AI and Analytics.","authors":"Elissavet Karageorgou, Styliani Adam, Spyridon Doukakis, Panagiotis Vlamos","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-03402-1_42","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-032-03402-1_42","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lifelong learning has become essential in modern society, driven by technological advancements and the increasing demand for continuous skill development. E-learning platforms have transformed education by enhancing accessibility, flexibility, and personalization. Artificial intelligence (AI) and data-driven technologies further refine these platforms, enabling adaptive learning, real-time feedback, and predictive analytics to improve engagement and outcomes. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the adoption of e-learning, shifting it from a supplementary tool to a primary mode of education.This study examines the impact of e-learning on adult education, focusing on AI-driven personalization and data analytics. In Greece, national and European policies have facilitated digital education, yet challenges such as infrastructure limitations and digital inequalities persist. Additionally, data mining in e-learning environments has the potential to optimize instructional methods and predict learning outcomes. A proposed framework for precision education integrates multimodal data sources, including biometric indicators, to enhance individualized learning experiences.While AI-powered e-learning systems offer transformative opportunities, ethical concerns surrounding data privacy and equitable access must be addressed. Ensuring responsible data management and inclusive policies will be crucial in maintaining the effectiveness of digital education and fostering lifelong learning in an increasingly technology-driven world.</p>","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1490 ","pages":"399-407"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145888350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the Greek Version of Tilburg Pregnancy Distress Scale (TPDS).","authors":"Georgia Goulidaki Vosynioti, Christina Darviri, Panagiotis Christopoulos, Dimitrios Kalogirou, Dimitrios Zagkas, Maria Michou, Ioannis Kalogirou, Nikolaos Vlahos, Flora Bacopoulou","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-03402-1_14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-03402-1_14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the present study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Greek version of Tilburg Pregnancy Distress Scale (TPDS). The study was conducted from August 2021 to November 2022 and included 196 healthy pregnant adult women. The study sample was drawn from two maternity clinics, and included pregnant adult women from the Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the \"Aretaieion\" University Hospital and the private Obstetrics and Gynecology Center \"Woman Clinic,\" in Athens, Greece. Study participants were asked to fill out the TPDS, to assess pregnancy distress, as well as a demographic questionnaire, the Perceived Stress Scale and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale 21. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.85 for the Greek TPDS version, 0.870 for the \"Negative Affect\" factor, and 0.818 for the \"Partner Involvement\" factor. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value was 0.841 and the significance of Bartlett's test of sphericity was p < 0.001. Exploratory factor analysis displayed two extracted factors with eigenvalue >1. The Greek version of the TPDS can be considered a reliable instrument for measuring pregnancy-related distress in women.</p>","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1490 ","pages":"127-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145888237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breastfeeding in Greece: Unveiling Parental Perspectives, Attitudes, and Sociodemographic Influences.","authors":"Afroditi Kondyli, Despoina Briana, Ioannis Koutelekos, Victoria Alikari, Georgia Gerogianni, Doxa Marinaki, Antonia Kalogianni, Nikoletta Margari, Afroditi Zartaloudi","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-03402-1_34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-03402-1_34","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Breastfeeding offers numerous benefits for both the mother and child, affecting them physically and psychosocially. Despite these well-documented benefits, breastfeeding rates up to 12 or 24 months remain quite low in developed countries. Parental positive attitudes toward breastfeeding can significantly influence the initiation and continuation of breastfeeding.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate parents' perspectives and attitudes toward breastfeeding, as well as the relationship between these attitudes and their sociodemographic characteristics/parenting choices.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A cross-sectional study that used self-administered questionnaires developed for the purpose of the study and was completed by 862 parents (mothers and fathers) who received support from a private maternity and breastfeeding support center.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Attitudes toward breastfeeding after the first year of the child's life was positively correlated with female gender (p = 0.001), parents' higher educational level (p < 0.001), exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.000), residence in other than Athens urban area (p = 0.003). Overall breastfeeding experience was positively associated with living in Athens or another urban area (p < 0.001), parents' higher educational level (p = 0.005), and the birth order of this child (p = 0.028). More positive attitudes observed among parents whose child weaned themselves or due to a new pregnancy and among parents whose child was born naturally (p = 0.000). Information and support during breastfeeding and weaning were additional factors that contributed to more positive views (p = 0.000). More positive attitudes were associated with the introduction of whole pieces of food as the first food (p = 0.000), and finally, a positive attitude after the first year and in general was linked to not following a strict sleep schedule during the first year of the child's life and a longer duration of co-sleeping in the same room (p = 0.000).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study could serve as a basis for more extensive research on breastfeeding and parenting. The findings of this study can be utilized by health professionals to demonstrate greater awareness, empathy, and effectiveness regarding issues of breastfeeding and parenting.</p>","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1490 ","pages":"329-341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145888292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Greek Version of the Diabetes Attitude Scale (DAS-3).","authors":"Maria Botsari, Petros Galanis, Dimos Mastrogiannis, Sotirios Plakas, Ourania Govina, Eugenia Vlachou, Alexandra Mantoudi, Theodoula Adamakidou, Afroditi Zartaloudi, Stelios Parissopoulos, Paraskevi Apostolara, Triantafyllia Evdoxia Mastrogianni, Fani Botsari, Marianna Mantzorou","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-03402-1_15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-03402-1_15","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The knowledge and attitudes of nurses caring for patients with diabetes mellitus should be regularly evaluated using reliable and valid instruments to identify any knowledge gaps and address any negative attitudes, allowing for the implementation of targeted skill development. The aim of this study was to test the validity and reliability of the Greek translation of the Diabetes Attitudes Scale (DAS-3) questionnaire. A total of 278 conveniently selected undergraduate nursing students participated in the survey and were administered a questionnaire of sociodemographic and clinical data, the Diabetes Knowledge Test tool and the DAS-3. Factor analysis revealed 4 factors explaining 50% of the variability of the DAS-3; the value of strict glucose control (Cronbach's α = 0.86), the need for special training (Cronbach's α = 0.63), the psychosocial impact of diabetes (Cronbach's α = 0.68), and finally the respect for patient autonomy (Cronbach's α = 0.65). The overall Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient found for the DAS-3 questionnaire was 0.75 indicating good internal reliability. The values of the Pearson correlation coefficients in test-retest assessment varied for the four factors from 0.71 to 0.90 and reflected a moderate to very strong correlation. The good reliability and validity of the DAS-3 contribute to the evaluation of the attitudes of health professionals towards diabetes, becoming a future motivation for improving educational programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1490 ","pages":"137-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145888398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precision Medicine Bioethics and AI Ethics: The Case of Rare Diseases.","authors":"Elsa Papadopoulou, Styliani Adam, Themis Exarchos","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-03402-1_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-03402-1_18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Precision medicine leverages genomics, metabolomics, and biomedical data sciences to develop targeted treatments based on individual genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. While standardized treatments work for some conditions, many require a personalized approach to improve therapeutic outcomes. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data analytics enhances precision medicine by enabling predictive models and individualized treatment plans. A key application of precision medicine is in rare disease diagnosis and treatment, where AI-driven methodologies improve diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic development. Multidisciplinary collaboration among researchers, healthcare professionals, and patient advocacy groups is essential to advancing care and ensuring equitable access to innovative treatments. Despite these advancements, ethical concerns regarding AI in precision medicine remain a challenge. Addressing these issues requires transdisciplinary research involving medical practitioners, ethicists, and data scientists to develop robust validation frameworks and certification methodologies. This paper explores the ethical implications of AI in precision medicine and rare disease treatment, emphasizing the need for responsible algorithm governance. The findings aim to provide a foundation for future research on integrating ethical considerations into AI-driven healthcare, ensuring safe, transparent, and equitable medical innovations.</p>","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1490 ","pages":"165-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145888478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D Activation and Mineral Ion Regulation.","authors":"Mohammed S Razzaque","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-04357-3_1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-032-04357-3_1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nutrients frequently act in coordination with the absorption and metabolism of one nutrient often interdependent on the presence of others. For example, magnesium is essential for the activation of vitamin D, which, in turn regulates calcium and phosphate homeostasis, both of which are critical for cellular and organ function. A comprehensive understanding of disorders arising from disruptions in vitamin D and mineral ion metabolism is essential for explaining the pathophysiological mechanisms associated with their imbalance. The chapters of this book are selected to provide in-depth insights and highlight important areas of bidirectional relationship between vitamin D and mineral ions for future research to advance the understanding of the delicate interactions between nutrients and overall health.</p>","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1493 ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145494455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stages and Characteristics of Adolescent Growth and Development.","authors":"Akiko Hatsukari, Suguru Torii, Yuka Tsukahara","doi":"10.1007/978-981-95-7000-3_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-95-7000-3_1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Life stages are typically classified into five stages: childhood, adolescence, early adulthood, middle adulthood, and late adulthood (Super DE, Career choice and development: applying contemporary theories to practice, 2nd edn. Jossey-Bass, pp 197-261, 1990), and the environment surrounding individuals changes with their life stages. Although physical growth commences in the fetal stage, it proceeds postnatally through successive developmental phases, including infancy, early and middle childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. The stage of adolescence is an important phase in human life during which individuals experience both physical and psychological changes. Preventing stunted growth and development in adolescents is essential for fostering healthy adults. This chapter outlines the stages and characteristics of adolescence. The terms \"growth\" and \"development\" are used widely. In this chapter, the \"growth\" is defined as the quantitative changes, specifically increases in the mass or length of bodily components. In contrast, the term \"development\" refers to qualitative changes, such as the functional enhancement of various bodily organs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1505 ","pages":"3-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147589308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Approaches to Protein Detection and Analysis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.","authors":"Parissa Farnia, Ali Akbar Velayati, Jalaledin Ghanavi, Poopak Farnia","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-96883-9_2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-96883-9_2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Comprehensive strategies for detecting and analyzing proteins in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) integrate advanced experimental and computational approaches to deepen understanding of the bacterium's biology, pathogenesis, and mechanisms of drug resistance. Recent technological advances have refined genome annotations by identifying novel protein-coding regions and improving existing gene models. Utilizing diverse fractionation techniques combined with mass spectrometry, proteins localized to distinct cellular compartments, including the cell wall, membranes, and cytoplasm, can be profiled, providing critical insights into their spatial organization and functional roles. Comparative proteomic analyses across multiple Mtb strains have uncovered both unique protein variants and conserved elements, shedding light on bacterial adaptation and virulence strategies. Mapping protein interaction networks has revealed essential pathways governing metabolism and survival, highlighting the intricate coordination of proteins that underpin Mtb pathogenicity. Furthermore, the integration of machine learning and bioinformatics tools has significantly advanced the prediction of protein functions, posttranslational modifications, and contributions to drug resistance, thereby enabling the prioritization of promising targets for therapeutic intervention. Collectively, these modern methodologies offer a detailed and dynamic portrait of the Mtb proteome, facilitating the discovery of novel biomarkers, drug targets, and vaccine candidates. This comprehensive knowledge base is vital for guiding the development of improved diagnostic tools, effective treatments, and, ultimately, strategies to control and eradicate tuberculosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1484 ","pages":"33-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145480501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Snippets from the 28th Congress of the South African Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.","authors":"Gregory L Blatch, Collet Dandara, Abidemi Paul Kappo, Jo-Anne de la Mare, Matthias P Mayer, Stanley Mukanganyama, Sithandiwe E Mazibuko-Mbeje, Addmore Shonhai, Edward Sturrock, Özlem Tastan Bishop, Liesl Zühlke","doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-24254-9_1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-032-24254-9_1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 28th Congress of the South African Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (SASBMB), hosted by the University of Venda, was held at the Protea Hotel Polokwane Ranch Resort from 7-10 July 2024. The theme of the congress was \"Biochemistry leading the future.\" The event featured several plenary presentations and parallel sessions focusing on a broad range of topics, including drug discovery, infectious and parasitic diseases, phytomedicine, non-communicable diseases, protein biochemistry, and computational and structural biology, among others. Here, we highlight key lectures that were presented by the plenary speakers whose presentations set the tone for this meeting. Overall, the congress was a resounding success.</p>","PeriodicalId":7270,"journal":{"name":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","volume":"1507 ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148052079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}