Graeme E. Johnstone, Catherine F. Higham, Aisha Kanwal, Johannes Herrnsdorf, Robert K. Henderson, Martin D. Dawson, Roderick Murray-Smith, Michael J. Strain
{"title":"Compact System for Eye Tracking With Virtual Reality/Augmented Reality Displays via Deep Learned MicroLED Projection and Single-Pixel Sensing","authors":"Graeme E. Johnstone, Catherine F. Higham, Aisha Kanwal, Johannes Herrnsdorf, Robert K. Henderson, Martin D. Dawson, Roderick Murray-Smith, Michael J. Strain","doi":"10.1002/adpr.70286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adpr.70286","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fast and accurate eye tracking in a virtual reality or augmented reality headset could lead to better display performance and enable novel methods of user interaction with the system. However, it remains a challenge for a system to combine the required operational speed and accuracy of eye tracking with a technology that has a small enough form factor and weight to be easily integrated into a user-friendly headset. By using small, lightweight hardware comprising a high frame rate microLED array and fast single pixel detector, we report a model eye tracking system based on single pixel tracking and a specially developed set of deep learned illumination patterns. This model system is used to demonstrate eye tracking with an angular accuracy of better than one degree and a measurement rate of 2.33 kHz.</p>","PeriodicalId":7263,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Photonics Research","volume":"7 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adpr.70286","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149205959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mind the Bump: Thermal Quenching Correction of Thermoluminescence Glow Curves and Application to SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+","authors":"Hei-Yui Kai, Ka-Leung Wong, Peter A. Tanner","doi":"10.1002/adpr.70294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adpr.70294","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In order to extract accurate information from a thermoluminescence glow curve it is necessary to correct it for thermal quenching. Assuming that the dominant quenching process is due to nonradiative deactivation, the correction can be made by the Mott–Seitz equation. However, the experimentally determined quenching curve from the temperature dependence of luminescence intensity or integrated band area often suffers from a pronounced “bump” which we associate with thermoluminescence. It is shown that good data fits can be achieved by employing the higher temperature region above thermoluminescence. For demonstration, the commercial persistent luminescence phosphor SrAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>:Eu<sup>2+</sup>, Dy<sup>3+</sup> has been chosen. The thermal quenching parameter <i>W</i><sub>TQ</sub> was found to be 5016 ± 121 cm<sup>−1</sup> and the quenching mechanism was deduced to be ionization to the conduction band. The corrected glow curves have been analyzed by the Kitis and initial rise methods and indicate a continuous distribution of traps at ~4000–5000 cm<sup>−1</sup> below the conduction band. These are normally taken to be oxygen vacancies together with the cooperation of dysprosium ions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7263,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Photonics Research","volume":"7 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adpr.70294","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149205958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reaching Sub-pm/K Temperature Insensitivity in Piezoelectrically Actuated Athermal Tantalum Pentoxide Platform","authors":"Mingjian You, Zhenyu Liu, Xinyu Guan, Jiaxin Hou, Ziming Zhang, Junke Zhou, Weiren Cheng, Ning Ding, Zhengqi Li, Qiwei Zheng, Shengjie Liu, Dejan M. Gvozdić, Xiaoguang Liu, Qiancheng Zhao","doi":"10.1002/adpr.70295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adpr.70295","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Realizing electrical tunability in passive athermal photonic devices has long been a challenge for photonic platforms that inherently lack electro-optic tuning capability. Here, we demonstrate a tunable athermal Mach–Zehnder interferometer (AMZI) fabricated in the tantalum pentoxide (Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) platform and actuated by a lead zirconate titanate (PZT) chip. Athermalization is achieved through the structural compensation method and postfabrication trimming by a PZT actuator, yielding an intrinsic temperature-dependent wavelength shift (TDWS) of 6.2 pm/K and a record-low TDWS of 0.49 pm/K near 1550 nm with piezoelectric trimming. The PZT-bonded AMZI exhibits a piezoelectric tuning efficiency of −58.5 pm/V and a 3 dB bandwidth of 2.6 kHz. Leveraging this tunability, the residual TDWS of the AMZI could be suppressed to sub-pm/K level. The electrical tunability also renders long-term thermal stability possible, as demonstrated in a proportional–integral–differential (PID)-controlled output stabilization system. Under significant thermal perturbations, the output voltage experienced only minor deviations (<±0.1 V) and rapidly recovered to the setpoint once the temperature stabilized, underscoring the device’s improved resilience to environmental temperature fluctuations. The demonstrated piezoelectrically tunable athermal photonic device holds great promise for integrated photonic systems that require both high thermorefractive stability and reconfigurability.</p>","PeriodicalId":7263,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Photonics Research","volume":"7 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adpr.70295","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149205572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Federica Zaccagnini, Francesca Petronella, Nelson Tabiryan, Michael E. McConney, Jonathan Slagle, Kwang-Un Jeong, Timothy J. Bunning, Luciano De Sio
{"title":"Polarization-Independent Thermoplasmonic Optical Filtering Using Cholesteric Liquid Crystals and Gold Nanorod Arrays","authors":"Federica Zaccagnini, Francesca Petronella, Nelson Tabiryan, Michael E. McConney, Jonathan Slagle, Kwang-Un Jeong, Timothy J. Bunning, Luciano De Sio","doi":"10.1002/adpr.70293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adpr.70293","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The photothermal response of a gold nanorods array to near-infrared irradiation is used to dynamically tune the Bragg reflection band of adjacent cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) layers. By cascading two CLC cells with opposite handedness (right- and left-handed) and with the same peak Bragg wavelength, a compact device capable of reflecting nearly 100% of unpolarized incident light is achieved. The thermoplasmonic heating enables reversible spectral tuning of the reflection band over ~80 nm in the visible range via temperature-induced changes in birefringence and pitch. This strategy demonstrates a remotely actuated and contact-free platform for tunable optical filters, with potential applications in smart photonic devices, optical communications, sensing, and liquid crystal displays.</p>","PeriodicalId":7263,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Photonics Research","volume":"7 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adpr.70293","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149205602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ke Ma, Gokul Nanda Gopakumar, Zhixiang Huang, Sai Rahul Sitaram, Stephanie Law, Xi Wang
{"title":"Omnidirectional and Directional Thermal Emission From Distinct Gradient-Doped InAs Multilayer Designs","authors":"Ke Ma, Gokul Nanda Gopakumar, Zhixiang Huang, Sai Rahul Sitaram, Stephanie Law, Xi Wang","doi":"10.1002/adpr.70292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adpr.70292","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Controlling thermal emission with tailored spectral and angular characteristics is essential for applications including thermophotovoltaics, radiative cooling, infrared sensing, and thermal camouflage. Existing demonstrations typically achieve either omnidirectional absorption or directional emission, often relying on patterned nanostructures that limit scalability. Here, we demonstrate two distinct classes of lithography-free, wafer-scale gradient-doped indium arsenide multilayers within a common material platform. Polarization-matched gradient-Epsilon-Near-Zero (ENZ) designs produce polarization-independent omnidirectional thermal emission near 9 and 11 μm, whereas angle-matched gradient-ENZ designs produce broadband transverse magnetic-polarized directional emission over the 7–10 and 10–15 μm ranges. These results demonstrate a scalable semiconductor multilayer framework in which carrier-density and layer-thickness engineering provide distinct routes to spectral, angular, and polarization-dependent thermal-emission control.</p>","PeriodicalId":7263,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Photonics Research","volume":"7 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adpr.70292","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149205439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel C. Nickel, Daniele Capista, Rasuole Lukose, Aniello Pelella, Adolfo Mazzotti, Sebastiano De Stefano, Filippo Giubileo, Christian Wenger, Antonio Di Bartolomeo, Mindaugas Lukosius
{"title":"Temperature-Dependent Conduction and Gate-Tunable Photoresponse in Graphene Photodetectors","authors":"Daniel C. Nickel, Daniele Capista, Rasuole Lukose, Aniello Pelella, Adolfo Mazzotti, Sebastiano De Stefano, Filippo Giubileo, Christian Wenger, Antonio Di Bartolomeo, Mindaugas Lukosius","doi":"10.1002/adpr.70291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adpr.70291","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Graphene photodetectors are promising candidates for broadband and high-speed optoelectronics, yet tunable photoconductive behavior without junction engineering remains elusive. Here, we report gate-controlled switching between positive and negative photoconductance in graphene field-effect transistors (GFETs) fabricated on Si/SiO<sub>2</sub> with Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> passivation using a CMOS-compatible process. Temperature-dependent transport measurements (77–327 K) reveal impurity-limited mobility at low temperatures and phonon-dominated scattering at elevated temperatures, alongside pronounced hysteresis attributed to interfacial charge trapping and adsorbates. Under illumination, the devices exhibit a sublinear photocurrent dependence on incident power and saturation at higher intensities, consistent with a charge trap-mediated photogating effect. Remarkably, the application of a back-gate voltage induces a reversible transition from positive to negative photoconductance in the absence of heterojunctions. This behavior is attributed to the interplay of photogenerated carrier trapping at the graphene/SiO<sub>2</sub> interface, adsorbate-mediated charge transfer, and gate-induced Fermi level modulation, which collectively govern carrier density and scattering. These results establish a simple platform for electrically tunable photoconductance in graphene and provide new insights into interfacial effects governing photogating, enabling low-power and multifunctional optoelectronic devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":7263,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Photonics Research","volume":"7 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adpr.70291","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ultrabroadband, Subvolt Thin-Film Lithium Niobate Modulators via Codesigned Optical and RF Slow-Wave Structures","authors":"Zobeyde Dadkhah, Reza Safian, Zaker Hossein Firouzeh","doi":"10.1002/adpr.70284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adpr.70284","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Low-voltage, high-bandwidth electro-optic modulators are essential for next-generation optical interconnects and CMOS-compatible photonic systems. Here, we demonstrate thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) Mach–Zehnder modulators that combine slow-light optical waveguides with inductively loaded slow-wave RF electrodes to simultaneously reduce the half-wave voltage (<i>V</i><i><sub>π</sub></i>) and extend the modulation bandwidth. The optical section employs a dispersion-engineered 1D photonic crystal waveguide with an enhanced group index, achieving an ultralow voltage–length product of ≈0.3 V cm across all designs. To maintain broadband operation, the RF transmission lines are engineered to increase the RF effective index and achieve close RF-optical index matching. Using two distinct electrode configurations, the resulting modulators achieve 3-dB electro-optic bandwidths of 75–203 GHz, <i>V</i><i><sub>π</sub></i> values of 0.25–1.0 V, and interaction lengths of 2.7–12.8 mm. These findings demonstrate that codesigned optical and RF slow-wave structures offer an effective strategy for realizing compact, low-drive-voltage, and ultrabroadband integrated modulators.</p>","PeriodicalId":7263,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Photonics Research","volume":"7 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adpr.70284","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design Principles of High-Radiance and Stable Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes","authors":"Kanak Kanti Bhowmik, Theo Luan, Lianfeng Zhao","doi":"10.1002/adpr.70288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adpr.70288","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Metal halide perovskites have emerged as promising materials for next-generation perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) due to their favorable optoelectronic properties, including high color purity, tunable bandgaps, and low-cost solution processability. While progress has led to PeLEDs with high external quantum efficiencies, many of these achievements are realized at relatively low current densities. At the high injection currents required for high-radiance applications such as solid-state lighting and emerging displays, PeLEDs suffer from a pronounced efficiency roll-off, accelerated degradation, and thermal instability, which currently hinder their practical implementation. This review summarizes the current understanding of the design principles of PeLEDs specifically for high-radiance applications. We place strong emphasis on the distinctions between strategies effective for high-radiance operation at elevated current densities and those developed for optimizing PeLEDs in low working current-density ranges.</p>","PeriodicalId":7263,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Photonics Research","volume":"7 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adpr.70288","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ondřej Červinka, Filip Ligmajer, Ondřej Brunn, Miroslav Horáček, Stanislav Krátký, Tomáš Šikola
{"title":"Band-Pass to Band-Stop Switchable Color Filters Based on Birefringent Dielectric Metasurfaces","authors":"Ondřej Červinka, Filip Ligmajer, Ondřej Brunn, Miroslav Horáček, Stanislav Krátký, Tomáš Šikola","doi":"10.1002/adpr.70287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adpr.70287","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dielectric metasurfaces offer a path to high-efficiency optical components at the subwavelength scale. In this work, we utilize the wavelength-dependent birefringence of TiO<sub>2</sub> nanopillars to create transmissive color filters with switchable spectral responses. We demonstrate that the same physical nanostructure array can function as either an additive (band-pass) or a subtractive (band-stop) filter solely by rotating an external polarizer. The metasurface was fabricated via a modified damascene process, enabling high-aspect-ratio structures with minimum demonstrated array pitches down to 250 nm. The filters achieve transmission efficiencies near-unity tailorable across the entire visible spectrum, avoiding the Ohmic losses typical of plasmonic alternatives. This approach provides a tunable, high-efficiency platform offering a versatile and compact solution for next-generation high-resolution imaging systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":7263,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Photonics Research","volume":"7 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adpr.70287","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149145994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kevin Nilsen, Hosna Tajvidi Safa, Luke Benoit, Shin-Tson Wu
{"title":"Enhancing the Eyebox Brightness and Size in Augmented Reality Waveguide Devices via Polarization Multiplexing","authors":"Kevin Nilsen, Hosna Tajvidi Safa, Luke Benoit, Shin-Tson Wu","doi":"10.1002/adpr.70289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adpr.70289","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Waveguide-based augmented reality displays often suffer from low optical efficiency. We propose a new method to increase their efficiency by splitting the final output coupler into different polarization-sensitive components and using a switchable polarizer to select different output couplers, allowing us to select between different smaller and brighter eyeboxes. These configurations demonstrated increased uniformity and brightness across the eyebox region in both simulation and experiment.</p>","PeriodicalId":7263,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Photonics Research","volume":"7 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adpr.70289","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149145809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}