Acta tropica最新文献

{"title":"Epidemiological characteristics and genetic diversity of Bartonella species from rodents in Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region, Southwestern China.","authors":"Xin-Yan Yao, Chao-Xiang Jia, An-Qi Li, Ting Qin, Dai Peng, Ying-Qian Han, Shuang Guo, Kai Zhong, Guo-Yu Yang, Yue-Ying Wang, He-Ping Li","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107515","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bartonella spp. are gram-negative bacteria recognized as zoonotic pathogens of wide spectrum mammals. Rodents are recognized as a natural reservoir of pathogens, and many Bartonella species transmitted by various blood-sucking arthropods have been detected in various rodents populations. In Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, humans have a habit of preying on rodents, however, data on the genetic diversity of Bartonella are still absent. Investigating the epidemiological characteristics of Bartonella infection in rodents is of great significance for the prevention and control of human Bartonellosis. In this study, rodents were captured to monitor the prevalence of Bartonella in four cities in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Southwestern China. Six species of Bartonella, including three confirmed zoonotic species, were detected based on the rrs gene with an overall prevalence of 11.5 % (32/278) in rodents. Bartonella tribocorum (21/32, 65.6 %) was the predominant species among the three zoonotic Bartonella species. In addition, phylogenetic and genetic analyses of the rrs, gltA, and rpoB genes indicated that the strains were divided into distinct clade within the same rodent, suggesting the co-circulating of diverse genetic genotypes of Bartonella species. These results provide insights into the prevalence and genetic diversity of Bartonella species circulating in rodents in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and also urged the surveillance of rodent-associated Bartonella species in these areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":" ","pages":"107515"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142891339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of the Sm1-7-qPCR system for identifying S. mansoni DNA in experimentally infected mice.","authors":"Eduardo Henrique Matos Pires, Natália Adriely Ribeiro da Silva Costa, Walter Lins Barbosa Júnior, Elainne Christine de Souza Gomes","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Schistosomiasis presents a significant public health challenge, especially in regions with inadequate sanitation. Current diagnostic methods, including the Kato-Katz technique, often lack sensitivity in detecting low parasite loads, prompting the search for more precise alternatives. This study introduces the Sm1-7-qPCR system as a highly sensitive and specific diagnostic tool for identifying S. mansoni infections. The 15 female Swiss Webster mice were infected with S. mansoni cercariae, and the data were compared with those of the nested PCR assay and Kato-Katz technique. The analytical sensitivity of the Sm1-7-qPCR system was tested using genomic DNA extracted from S. mansoni worms, which demonstrated excellent detection capability. For the analytical specificity, different parasites did not show amplification. The Sm1-7-qPCR system detected S. mansoni genomic DNA in 86.7 % of the stool samples from infected mice, surpassing the Kato-Katz method. The system showed high sensitivity and specificity, accurately quantifying parasite load in infected samples, showing promise in identifying patients with low parasite loads, and contributing to disease control efforts. In conclusion, the Sm1-7-qPCR system exhibited outstanding performance as a diagnostic tool for S. mansoni, surpassing traditional methods for detecting and quantifying parasite load. Further validation studies in low endemicity areas are recommended to enhance its integration into control and management strategies for S. mansoni infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":" ","pages":"107513"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142926295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prosthetic valve infective endocarditis due to Burkholderia pseudomallei: A case report and review of the literature.","authors":"Callum Pownell, Benjamin E Marsden, Willis Lam, Simon Smith, Josh Hanson","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107492","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107492","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endocarditis is a very rare complication of Burkholderia pseudomallei infection and prosthetic valve endocarditis rarer still. We present, to our knowledge, the first confirmed Australian case of prosthetic valve endocarditis in a patient with melioidosis. Blood cultures were persistently positive for B. pseudomallei, a transoesophageal echocardiogram demonstrated a mobile vegetation on his bioprosthetic aortic valve, and computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging identified no other focus of infection. Infection of prosthetic material appears to be rare in cases of melioidosis, however, if present, its removal should be strongly considered to effect cure. Fortunately, in our case, clinical response to 8 weeks of intravenous therapy and 6 months of high-dose oral co-trimoxazole obviated the requirement for valve replacement surgery. However, sadly, the patient died from complications of a stroke 4 months after cessation of his antibiotic treatment. The stroke was not felt to be directly related to his infection; however, his clinical course highlights the importance of aggressively addressing the comorbidities that predispose an individual to melioidosis and which also increase their risk of premature death.</p>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":" ","pages":"107492"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Schistosomiasis status and health impact in preschool-aged children in hard-to-reach areas and populations of Homa Bay County, Kenya.","authors":"Phyllis Munyiva Isaiah, Bryan Nyawanda, Collins Okoyo, Joseph Otieno Oloo, Peter Steinmann","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pediatric schistosomiasis in hard-to-reach communities is poorly understood, hampering tailored interventions. This study investigated the prevalence, intensity, health impact, and risk factors for schistosomiasis in preschool-aged children (PSAC) residing in hard-to-reach areas and populations of Homa Bay County, Kenya. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 476 PSAC aged 2-5 years across 6 islands in Lake Victoria, Homa Bay County, Kenya. Kato-Katz and urine filtration techniques diagnosed Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium infections respectively. Fecal occult blood (FOB) was tested to assess morbidity, and questionnaires captured sociodemographic and household water, sanitation, and hygiene data. Logistic regression models explored risk factors. The overall prevalence of S. mansoni was 26.0 %, varying considerably between islands; Ringiti had the highest prevalence (62.1 %), while Sukru had the lowest (7.7 %). No S. haematobium infections were diagnosed. Light infections were most common (15.4 %), followed by moderate (8.5 %) and heavy infections (2.2 %). Significantly increased odds for infection were observed in children aged four (aOR = 4.4, 95 % CI: 1.7-11.2) and five years (aOR = 5.6, 95 % CI: 2.2-14.5), in girls (aOR = 2.5, 95 % CI: 1.3-4.8), and in children living in Ringiti (aOR = 6.1, 95 % CI: 1.8-15.0). We noted a strong association between S. mansoni infection and FOB (aOR= 3.3, 95 % CI: 1.6-7.0). We found a high burden of schistosomiasis among PSAC in hard-to-reach communities of Homa Bay County, emphasizing the urgent need to include them in control programs. FOB could be a promising indicator for assessing schistosomiasis-related morbidity in this age group.</p>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":" ","pages":"107511"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory pathogens carriage in guinea pigs raised as livestock in Ecuador: A proxy to study a neglected reservoir for zoonotic transmission in the Andean Region.","authors":"Angel Sebastian Rodriguez-Pazmiño, Marlon Zambrano-Mila, Mauricio Salas-Rueda, Marco Vinicio Cáceres-Orellana, Dayci Buele-Chica, Lenay Barrera-Barroso, Ismar Rivera-Olivero, Washington Bolivar Cardenas, Solon Alberto Orlando, Henry Parra-Vera, Miguel Angel Garcia-Bereguiain","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107505","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the Andean region of South America, guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) are raised as livestock in close contact with other domestic animals and humans. Although the susceptibility of guinea pigs to being affected by a wide range of diseases is well known as a laboratory animal model, there are a few reports about the potential role of zoonotic pathogens in livestock guinea pigs. In this work, we analyzed the nasopharyngeal carriage of respiratory pathogenic viruses and bacteria in guinea pigs from farms in Ecuador. We isolated streptococci and aerococci cultures that were analyzed for species identification by MALDI-TOF MS. Several species, including Streptococcus pneumoniae, S. pseudopneumoniae, S. oralies, and S. mitis were found. Moreover, strains resistant to antibiotics like levofloxacin, erythromycin, and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim were also found. Our results suggest the role of guinea pigs as a zoonotic reservoir for occupational exposure to respiratory pathogens in the Andean region of South America, where guinea pig farming is an important industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":" ","pages":"107505"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142833493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome in Northwestern Argentina: Seroprevalence in rodents of Jujuy province and first seropositive record for Euryoryzomys legatus.","authors":"F Cassinelli, W López, R Coelho, J J Martínez, S Kehl, C M Bellomo, V P Martínez, I Ferro","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) is a Pan-American emerging infectious disease with a high mortality rate caused by rodent-borne viruses of the genus Orthohantavirus. In Argentina, almost half of the HPS infections occur in the northwestern endemic region. In this study, we evaluated rodent composition, abundance, and antibody prevalence in wild rodents in three subtropical sites: primary forest, secondary forest, and crop fields. From February 2022 to June 2023, we settled a total of 150 traps for three nights every two months reaching a capture-effort of 5,400 trap-nights. We took blood samples from all captured rodents, registered morphological measures, then marked and released. We captured 103 rodents of 5 species (Oligoryzomys chacoensis, Calomys fecundus, Calomys musculinus, Akodon simulator, and Euryoryzomys legatus). The overall antibody prevalence was 10.18 %; with C. fecundus and A. simulator being the species most frequently found to present antibodies, and they were also the dominant species in the captured rodent community. The secondary forest was, by far, the most productive site with 83.5 % of all captures, followed by crop fields (10.68 %) and primary forest (5.82 %). We found that antibody prevalence for C. fecundus was positively correlated to body mass (weight) and size (total length). Another important result of our work is that we report presence of hantavirus antibodies in E. legatus, which represents the first record for this species. These results highlight the importance of continuous monitoring of rodents populations and provide a framework for the planning and implementation of public health prevention campaigns of field workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":" ","pages":"107500"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142870968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation and evaluation of the performance of QIAstat-Dx gastrointestinal panel in pooled stool samples.","authors":"Xinbin Chen, Huina Huang, Ying Su, Xiaojian Zhou, Menghua Liao, Yanhua Li, Zidong Cheng, Muzi Jin, Jie Tian, Haibo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107514","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the current study, the analytical sensitivity, analytical specificity, reproducibility, anti-interferences ability, and clinical performance of the QIAstat-Dx Gastrointestinal Panel (GIP) system were evaluated using pooled stool samples. Results showed that the pooled sample test detected the selected ten targets exclusively, with no cross reaction with any other targets of common enteropathogens. The analytical sensitivity of the pooled sample test on QIAstat-Dx GIP system was 10² CFU/ml for Shigella spp., 10³ CFU/ml for Salmonella spp., Y. enterocolitica, Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, Enteropathogenic E. coli, 10⁴ CFU/ml for V. cholerae, 10² copies/ml for Norovirus, 10³ copies/ml for Rotavirus, Astrovirus, Sapovirus, respectively. The Coefficients of variation (CV) during the detection of V. cholerae, Salmonella spp., Y. enterocolitica, Enterotoxigenic E. coli, Enteropathogenic E. coli, Shigella spp., Rotavirus, Norovirus, Astrovirus, and Sapovirus detection was 2.3 %, 2.7 %, 3.9 %, 4.2 %, 1.7 %, 2.6 %, 6.7 %, 1.4 %, 1.3 % and 2.7 %, respectively, indicating the high reproducibility of the pooled sample test, except for Rotavirus. When potentially interfering agents were added, the shifted Ct value was less than the cut off value, suggesting the good anti-interferences ability. During clinical evaluation, the pooled sample test was 97.8 % concordant with gold standard methods (bacterial culture for bacteria and qPCR for viruses). Our results suggest that QIAstat-Dx GIP system could be used for pooled sample test for enteropathogens screening, which would be more economical and could improve throughput while provide comparable test performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":" ","pages":"107514"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142891343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of IL10 gene polymorphism with the susceptibility to dengue and disease severity in a population with asymptomatic and symptomatic dengue.","authors":"Silveny Meiga Alves Vieira, Mariella Sousa Coêlho Maciel, Julianna Lima Queiroz, Lorena da Silva Teles, Thiago Nobre Gomes, Hygor Ferreira Fernandes, Felipe Rodolfo Pereira da Silva, Jefferson Soares de Oliveira, Gustavo Portela Ferreira, Anna Carolina Toledo da Cunha Pereira","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107493","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107493","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infections caused by Orthoflavivirus denguei can either manifest asymptomatically or present a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. This variety of symptoms results from its complex pathogenesis, which is influenced by viral factors, in addition to host genetics and immunological factors. It is known that anti-inflammatory cytokines can play an immunomodulatory role throughout the course of dengue. Therefore, we investigated the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) -1082 A/G (rs1800896) and -819 C/T (rs1800871) in the interleukin-10 (IL10) gene and their possible relationship with the development of symptomatic dengue in a Brazilian population. This study, carried out in northeastern Brazil, involved 333 volunteers, including 74 patients with dengue without warning signs (DWWS), 45 patients with dengue with warning signs (DWAS), 85 patients with asymptomatic dengue infection (ASY) and 129 health controls. The genomic DNA was extracted and the SNPs were genotyped using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The data obtained were used to conduct statistical analyses of the genotype and allele frequencies. We observed an association of A/G and G/G genotypes of the -1082 A/G SNP of the IL10 gene with susceptibility to symptomatic dengue and DWAS regarding the asymptomatic dengue. The G allele of this SNP has also been identified as a risk factor for symptomatic dengue, DWWS and DWAS. Regarding the analyses between the SNPs -1082 A/G and -819 C/T of the IL10 gene, there was an association of the G-C haplotype with symptomatic dengue, DWWS and DWAS, as well as a correlation of the A-C haplotype with asymptomatic dengue. Moreover, the data indicate an association between the presence of the G allele and the development of symptoms, compared to those without the G allele. Our results indicate the presence of the G allele of SNP -1082 A/G of the IL10 gene as a risk factor for the clinical development of symptomatic dengue in the studied population and show the importance of genomics association studies involving asymptomatic individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":" ","pages":"107493"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innate and putative adaptive immunological responses of schistosome-parasitized snails.","authors":"Khaled M Zayed","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by digenetic trematode from Schistosoma genus, as an etiological agent that uses snails as an intermediate host. In mollusc-trematode relationships, the miracidia attract in the aquatic media to a specific snail as an intermediate hosts, then penetrate its integument in the sporocyst form thereafter, the invasive sporocysts produce secreted/excreted products in order to survive and avoid the snails' immune system. The next larval stage is the cercariae that developed by sporocysts. Subsequently, the snail intermediate host suffers from biological, physiological, biochemical and immunological changes during the development of these parasite larval stages within their tissues. Snails and their parasites engage in an interactive innate and putative adaptive immune response that involves many immune mechanisms, such as the production of nitric oxide, lysozymes, phagocytosis, lectin formation and phenol oxidase activity. Schistosomes have developed a variety of strategies to evade and counteract these deliberate host reactions. These strategies include the secretion of many strong proteases, the use of an immune-resistant outer tegument, the molecular mimicry of host antigens, and the controlled release of certain immunomodulatory substances that influence immune cell activities. This review aims to characterize these important immune evasion mechanisms in order to comprehend the many immunological molecular determinants in the snail/schistosome interaction and to develop alternate management measures for schistosomiasis control.</p>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":" ","pages":"107503"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unusual frequency of Trypanosoma cruzi DTU TcI and predominance of hybrid lineages in Triatoma infestans before and after control interventions in the Argentinian Chaco.","authors":"Alejandra Alvedro, Natalia Paula Macchiaverna, Niamh Murphy, Gustavo Fabián Enriquez, María Sol Gaspe, Ricardo Esteban Gürtler, Marta Victoria Cardinal","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107502","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi involves diverse hosts, vectors and parasitic genotypes, in different environments. In recent decades, the distribution of T. cruzi has altered due to urbanization of affected people and vectors. We implemented a longitudinal intervention program between 2015 and 2022 which aimed to suppress (peri)domestic Triatoma infestans in the municipality of Avia Terai (Chaco Province, Argentina), and found a marginal risk of domestic vector-borne transmission across the rural-to-urban gradient after interventions. Here, we identified the parasite Discrete Typing Units (DTUs) in infected T. infestans collected throughout the intervention program (37 insects pre-intervention and 7 post-intervention). Identification of DTUs was conducted by two methodologies, using DNA extracted from T. infestans rectal ampoules. We also assessed the association between blood-feeding sources and DTUs. Complete DTU identification was achieved in 48 % of samples. The hybrid lineages TcV or TcVI and their combinations predominated (72 %), followed by TcI (16 %) and mixed infections of TcI and hybrid lineages (14 %). Half (50 %) of the houses harbored TcI infected bugs either alone or mixed with TcII/TcV/TcVI. Humans predominated as the bloodmeal sources in all insects with identified DTU. All DTUs (TcI, TcV and TcII/TcV/TcVI) were recorded in both rural and peri-urban environments, with 62 % of the houses having more than one DTU. These results confirm the predominance of hybrid lineages in domestic transmission cycles of the Argentine Chaco. However, the finding of several triatomines infected with TcI both pre- and post-intervention raises the question of which host(s) are involved in its transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":" ","pages":"107502"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}