Acta tropica最新文献

{"title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility rates in gram-positive catalase-negative cocci from sheep and goat genital microbiota","authors":"Daniela Mrenoshki ,&nbsp;Maria Stella Lucente ,&nbsp;Marialaura Corrente ,&nbsp;Andrea Grassi ,&nbsp;Del Sambro Laura ,&nbsp;Antonio Parisi ,&nbsp;Gabriella Elia ,&nbsp;Aya Attia Koraney Zarea ,&nbsp;Maria Tempesta ,&nbsp;Grazia Greco","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107305","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107305","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gram-positive catalase-negative cocci (GPCNCs) are significant components of the genital microbiota in sheep and goats. However, characterizing them can be difficult due to overlapping culture features and the limited information on their susceptibility to antibiotics. In this study, 97 foreskin and 13 vaginal swabs were investigated using a culturomic approach. Of 110 animals, 76 (69.09 %) hosted GPCNCs, including strains from <em>Streptococcaceae</em> (37, 33.64 %), <em>Aerococcaceae</em> (30, 27.27 %), <em>Enterococcaceae</em> (6, 5.45 %) and other minor species. With increasing antimicrobial resistance rates in livestock, surveillance programs are globally required, so we conducted a pilot study on GPCNCs isolated from the genital mucosa surfaces of sheep and goats using the minimal inhibitory concentration assay (MIC). Due to gaps in interpretative standard breakpoints, normalized resistance interpretation was used for setting epidemiological susceptibility cut-off values (CO_WTs). Of 57 suitable strains, the majority (80.71 %) showed high CO_WTs with decrease susceptibility to at least one antimicrobial class, with 22.81 % displaying multiresistant profiles. Of interest, combined resistances to beta-lactams, macrolides, lincosamides, and tetracyclines were detected in strains of <em>Streptococcus plurianimalium.</em> Further combinations, including resistance to beta-lactams, pleuromutilins, aminoglycosides, and lincosamides, were also recorded in both <em>Streptococcus uberis</em> and <em>Enterococcus</em> spp. strains. Being beta-lactams, macrolides, and tetracyclines the most used antibiotics in livestock worldwide, our results highlight the need for their prudent use. Collectively, our findings highlight that small ruminant genital microbiota can serve as reservoirs for opportunistic severe pathogens, often zoonotic, carrying multidrug resistances, thus standing for high risks for both animals and humans.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001706X24001876/pdfft?md5=1bf5fcbf83b0281a9f9fae648bd98c9d&pid=1-s2.0-S0001706X24001876-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141465509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular detection of Colpodella sp. and other tick-borne pathogens in ticks of ruminants, Italy","authors":"Kassim Abdullahi Jimale ,&nbsp;Marcos Antonio Bezerra-Santos ,&nbsp;Jairo Alfonso Mendoza-Roldan ,&nbsp;Maria Stefania Latrofa ,&nbsp;Gad Baneth ,&nbsp;Domenico Otranto","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107306","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107306","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Colpodella</em> species are close relatives of Apicomplexan protozoa. Although most species of this genus are free-living organisms that feed on other protists and algae, reports indicate their occurence in ticks and human patients, including an individual with a history of tick bite manifesting neurological symptoms. During an investigation of tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) in blood samples of cattle, goats, and in ticks collected on them, <em>Colpodella</em> sp. DNA was detected in a <em>Rhipicephalus bursa</em> tick collected from cattle, while of <em>Theileria sergenti/buffeli/orientalis, Babesia bigemina, Sarcocystis cruzi, Babesia</em> spp., and <em>Rickettsia</em> spp. were molecularly detected in cattle, goats, and ticks in southern Italy. Data herein reported highlight the unprecedented presence of <em>Colpodella</em> sp. in ticks in Italy, raising concern due to the potential pathogenic role of this less known protozoan. This finding advocates for performing routine epidemiological surveys to monitor potential emerging vector-borne pathogens.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141465510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A system dynamics modelling and analytical framework for imported dengue outbreak surveillance and risk mapping","authors":"Javier Del-Águila-Mejía ,&nbsp;Fernando Morilla ,&nbsp;Juan de Mata Donado-Campos","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107304","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107304","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>System Dynamics (SD) models have been used to understand complex, multi-faceted dengue transmission dynamics, but a gap persists between research and actionable public health tools for decision-making. Spain is an at-risk country of imported dengue outbreaks, but only qualitative assessments are available to guide public health action and control. We propose a modular SD model combining temperature-dependent vector population, transmission parameters, and epidemiological interactions to simulate outbreaks from imported cases accounting for heterogeneous local climate-related transmission patterns. Under our assumptions, 15 provinces sustain vector populations capable of generating outbreaks from imported cases, with heterogeneous risk profiles regarding seasonality, magnitude and risk window shifting from late Spring to early Autum. Results being relative to given vector-to-human populations allow flexibility when translating outcomes between geographic scales. The model and the framework are meant to serve public health by incorporating transmission dynamics and quantitative-qualitative input to the evidence-based decision-making chain. It is a flexible tool that can easily adapt to changing contexts, parametrizations and epidemiological settings thanks to the modular approach.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001706X24001864/pdfft?md5=feb6675ae7bd7203fa5ad3340bfb2ffb&pid=1-s2.0-S0001706X24001864-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141465508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Essential oil nanoemulsion: An emerging eco-friendly strategy towards mosquito control","authors":"Kavitha Sri AnnaDurai ,&nbsp;Natarajan Chandrasekaran ,&nbsp;Supriya Velraja ,&nbsp;Gnanadhas Sobhin Hikku ,&nbsp;Venkatachalam Deepa Parvathi","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mosquito borne diseases are impeding to human health due to their uncontrolled proliferation. Various commercial insecticides currently used become ineffective due to the resistance acquired by mosquitoes. It is necessary and a priority to combat mosquito population. Plant-based products are gaining interest over the past few decades due to their environment friendliness and their effectiveness in controlling mosquitoes along with their lack of toxicity. Essential oil nanoemulsions are found to be highly effective when compared to their bulk counterparts. Due to their nano size, they can effectively interact and yield 100 % mortality with the mosquito larvae and encounter with minimal concentrations. This is the main advantage of the nano-sized particles due to which they find application in various disciplines and have also received the attention of researchers globally. There are various components present in essential oils that have been analysed using GC–MS. These findings reflect the challenge to mosquitoes to gain resistance against each component and therefore it requires time. Commercially used repellants are synthesised using materials like DEET are not advisable for topical application on human skin and essential oil nanoemulsions could be an ideal non toxic candidate that can be used against mosquito adults and larvae. However, there are other synthesis, optimisation parameters, and toxicity towards non-target organisms that have to be taken into account when essential oil nanoemulsions are considered for commercial applications. Here we review the strategies used by the nanoemulsions against the mosquito population. Apart from the positive effects, their minor drawbacks also have to be scrutinised in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141441964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome: Coinfection by Bartonella henselae and Sporothrix brasiliensis","authors":"Natalia Naomi Suzuki ,&nbsp;Gabriela Nero Mitsuushi ,&nbsp;Luciene Silva dos Santos ,&nbsp;Lais Bomediano Souza ,&nbsp;Maria Letícia Cintra ,&nbsp;Angélica Zaninelli ,&nbsp;Paulo Eduardo Neves Ferreira Velho ,&nbsp;Marina Rovani Drummond","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A 26-year-old woman presented an eyelid lesion, after being scratched by a cat that had a similar skin lesion. It evolved into a cervical lymph node enlargement. With a hypothesis of Parinaud´s oculoglandular syndrome (POS) due to cat scratch disease (CSD), doxycycline was prescribed. After two weeks of treatment without improvement, a biopsy and blood sample were obtained. Itraconazole was prescribed and the skin lesion improved, but not the lymph node enlargement. A <em>Sporothrix schenckii</em> complex was isolated from the skin sample. Also, a specie-specific polymerase chain reaction detected <em>Bartonella henselae</em> DNA in her blood sample. Azithromycin was included to treat the bacterial infection, whereupon the lymph node also receded successfully. Sporotrichosis and CSD are zoonoses that can be transmitted to humans by traumatic inoculation due to scratches or bites from cats. Both can evolve with POS. Patients who present skin lesions and/or POS after being wounded by a cat should be investigated for both diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141445250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leptospira infection in bats in Vietnam","authors":"Ekaterina V. Radyuk ,&nbsp;Natalia V. Breneva ,&nbsp;Sofia E. Budaeva ,&nbsp;Marat T. Makenov ,&nbsp;Olga А. Stukolova ,&nbsp;Victoria P. Bulanenko ,&nbsp;Lan Anh T. Le ,&nbsp;Manh N. Dao ,&nbsp;Chau V. Nguyen ,&nbsp;Nga T. Bui Thi ,&nbsp;Mo T. Luong ,&nbsp;Tan N. Nguyen ,&nbsp;Sergei V. Balakhonov ,&nbsp;Lyudmila S. Karan","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bats from three provinces in Vietnam (Lai Chau, Son La, and Dong Thap) were examined for the presence of pathogenic Leptospira or specific antibodies using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and microscopic agglutination test (MAT). Tissue specimens from 298 bats belonging to 11 species were analyzed using a real-time PCR assay specific for leptospires of pathogenic species. Leptospiral DNA was identified in 40 bats from following species: <em>Rousettus amplexicaudatus</em> (5/9; 55.5 %), <em>Rousettus leschenaultii</em> (17/42; 40.4 %), <em>Myotis hasseltii</em> (8/25; 32 %), <em>Taphozous longimanus</em> (3/12; 25 %), and <em>Eonycteris spelaea</em> (7/32; 21.9 %). Based on secY phylogeny, sequences from <em>M. hasseltii</em> bore a strong resemblance to L. <em>borgpetersenii</em>. Sequences from other species revealed unique lineages: one of them resembled <em>Leptospira</em> sp., previously identified in <em>Rousettus madagascariensis</em> (Madagascar) and <em>Rousettus aegyptiacus</em> (South Africa); the second lineage showed close relation to L. <em>kirshneri</em>; and the third held an intermediary position between L. <em>noguchii</em> and L. <em>interrogans</em>. Through ELISA, anti-Leptospira antibodies were found in 83 of 306 bats, with the highest seroprevalence observed in <em>R. leschenaultii</em> (44/48; 91.6 %), <em>R. amplexicaudatus</em> (6/8; 75 %), and <em>E. spelaea</em> (19/25; 76 %). 66 of these ELISA-positive samples were tested using MAT; 41 of them were confirmed in MAT as positive. The predominant serogroups in our study were Tarassovi and Mini.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141441965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rotavirus genotype dynamics in Pakistan: G9 and G12 emerging as dominant strains in vaccinated children (2019)","authors":"Asma sadiq ,&nbsp;Jadoon khan ,&nbsp;Abdul Basit ,&nbsp;Nageen Sardar ,&nbsp;Muhammad Noman Ajmal","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rotavirus A (RVA) is a leading cause of severe gastroenteritis in children worldwide, and vaccination has become a pivotal strategy to reduce the associated morbidity and mortality. This study presents a molecular characterization of RVA genotypes circulating among vaccinated children in Pakistan during the year 2019. A total of 510 stool samples were collected from children of up to five years of age presenting with acute gastroenteritis symptoms in Rawalpindi, Islamabad regions of Pakistan. The RVA antigen was detected using ELISA on these samples. RVA G/P genotyping was performed on ELISA positive samples using Multiplex semi-nested reverse transcriptase PCR. RVA was found in 130 fecal samples, with an overall prevalence of 25.4 %. G9P[8] (20 %) is the most prevalent genotype, followed by G12P[6] (17 %), G3P[8] (14 %), G1P[8] (12 %), G2P[4] (10 %), G12P[8] (7 %), G9P[6] (7 %), G3P[6] (6 %), G3P[4] (4 %) and G1P[6] (3 %) respectively. There is a statistically significant difference (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) found in the group age (in months) of RVA gastroenteritis cases as detected by RT-PCR. The highest number of positive cases was found in the age range from 0 to 6 months, followed by 7–12 months, 13–24 months, and 25–60 months, respectively. Dehydration is statistically significantly associated (p˂ 0.05) in RVA gastroenteritis cases compared to those who tested negative. This study emphasizes the significance of maintaining a continuous surveillance system and conducting genomic analysis of RVA genotypes in children upto the age of 5 years. This is essential for tracking the circulation of RVA genotypes. The results from this research enhance our comprehension of how RVA genotypes are changing over time in Pakistan, underscoring the ongoing necessity for improving vaccine coverage and effectiveness. This, in turn, can help reduce the impact of RVA-related illnesses in children.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141441932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential use of silver nanoparticles green synthesized using Astragalus spinosus extract for treating cystic echinococcosis","authors":"Hanadi B.A. Baghdadi","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present investigation aims to develop and evaluate silver nanoparticles (AgNP) synthesized through environmentally friendly methods and to assess their effectiveness against hydatid cysts through <em>in vitro, ex vivo,</em> and <em>in vivo</em> experiments. The green synthesis of ANP was accomplished using the precipitation technique with <em>Astragalus spinosus</em> extract. The <em>in vitro</em> protoscolicidal effects of ANP were evaluated on hydatid cyst protoscoleces (PTS) through eosin exclusion test. The study also investigated the effect of ANP on the gene expression levels of caspase-3 and 9, as well as the external morphology of PTS. The <em>in vivo</em> efficacy was assessed by analyzing the quantity, dimensions, and weight of hydatid cysts in infected mice. Real-time PCR was used to analyze the gene expression levels of antioxidant and inflammatory cytokines. ANP exhibited significant (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) <em>in vitro</em> protoscolicidal activity in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Treatment with ANP resulted in creases and protrusions on the plasma membrane, indicating bleb formation and an increase in the expression of caspase-3 and caspase-9 genes. Notably, there was a significant (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) reduction in the number, size, and weight of hydatid cysts following ANP treatment. Administration of ANP resulted in a significant increase in the expression of antioxidant genes (glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) and a notable decrease in oxidative stress markers, as well as in the expression levels of Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-10. Due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, ANP shows potential as a scolicidal agent and holds promise in managing hydatid cysts in a mouse model. Nevertheless, further clinical trials are imperative to validate the efficacy of ANP in treating hydatidosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141441931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of serum proteomic profiles of endangered Siamese and Burmese Eld's deer infected with subclinical Babesia bovis in Thailand","authors":"Vichayanee Pumpitakkul ,&nbsp;Sittiruk Roytrakul ,&nbsp;Narumon Phaonakrop ,&nbsp;Ampika Thongphakdee ,&nbsp;Saowaphang Sanannu ,&nbsp;Tarasak Nipanunt ,&nbsp;Satit Pandhumas ,&nbsp;Kiattisak Kaewsen ,&nbsp;Sekkarin Ploypetch ,&nbsp;Sujin Sirisawadi ,&nbsp;Nanthida Kunnasut ,&nbsp;Panat Anuracpreeda ,&nbsp;Amaya Watthanadirek-Wijidwong ,&nbsp;Gunnaporn Suriyaphol","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The endangered Eld's deer is a conserved species in Thailand, where tropical parasitic infections are endemic. Although Eld's deer with babesiosis are generally asymptomatic, they can still harbor the parasite and serve as reservoirs for ticks, spreading the infection to healthy animals within the herd. The present study aimed to investigate potential serum proteome biomarkers of Eld's deer with subclinical <em>Babesia bovis</em> infection. A total of 67 blood samples were collected from captive Siamese and Burmese Eld's deer showing no signs of parasitic infection. The nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) of a conserved spherical body protein 2 (<em>sbp-2</em>) gene of <em>B. bovis</em> was utilized to classify Eld's deer groups, with 25.37 % (17/67) testing positive for <em>B. bovis</em>. Additionally, the application of proteomic studies showed that six <em>B. bovis</em> proteins, such as Obg-like ATPase 1 (OLA1) and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), were significantly upregulated by more than a two-fold change compared with the PCR-negative samples. Of the 55 overexpressed serum proteins in the PCR-positives, alpha 2-HS glycoprotein (AHSG) and immunoglobulin lambda variable 2–8 (IGLV2–8) were notably among the top 10 proteins with the highest area under curve (AUC) values. Hence, they were proposed as potential biomarkers for subclinical <em>B. bovis</em> infection in Eld's deer. Analysis of the protein interaction network revealed interactions between Eld's deer AHSG and <em>B. bovis</em> OLA1 and HSP90, alongside associations with other proteins such as erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). These interactions were involved in the immune system pathway and inflammatory responses. Our findings shed light on subclinical infection of <em>B. bovis</em> in Eld's deer and identify potential biomarkers, contributing to the further effective detection and monitoring of <em>B. bovis</em> infection in this endangered species.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141441963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deforestation and non-human primate malarias will be a threat to malaria elimination in the future: Insights from Southeast Asia","authors":"Indra Vythilingam ,&nbsp;Nantha Kumar Jeyaprakasam","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Malaria continues to be a global public health problem although it has been eliminated from many countries. Sri Lanka and China are two countries that recently achieved malaria elimination status, and many countries in Southeast Asia are currently in the pipeline for achieving the same goal by 2030. However, <em>Plasmodium knowlesi</em>, a non-human primate malaria parasite continues to pose a threat to public health in this region, infecting many humans in all countries in Southeast Asia except for Timor-Leste. Besides, other non-human primate malaria parasite such as <em>Plasmodium cynomolgi</em> and <em>Plasmodium inui</em> are infecting humans in the region. The non-human primates, the long-tailed and pig-tailed macaques which harbour these parasites are now increasingly prevalent in farms and forest fringes close by to the villages. Additionally, the <em>Anopheles</em> mosquitoes belonging to the Lecuosphyrus Group are also present in these areas which makes them ideal for transmitting the non-human primate malaria parasites. With changing landscape and deforestation, non-human primate malaria parasites will affect more humans in the coming years with the elimination of human malaria. Perhaps due to loss of immunity, more humans will be infected as currently being demonstrated in Malaysia. Thus, control measures need to be instituted rapidly to achieve the malaria elimination status by 2030. However, the zoonotic origin of the parasite and the changes of the vectors behaviour to early biting seems to be the stumbling block to the malaria elimination efforts in this region. In this review, we discuss the challenges faced in malaria elimination due to deforestation and the serious threat posed by non-human primate malaria parasites.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141440014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}