Acta tropica最新文献

Phytophagous, blood-suckers or predators? Automated identification of Chagas disease vectors and similar bugs using convolutional neural network algorithms 植食动物、吸血动物还是食肉动物？使用卷积神经网络算法自动识别恰加斯病媒介和类似的bug

IF 2.1 3区医学

Acta tropica Pub Date : 2025-04-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107621

Vinícius Lima de Miranda, Rodrigo Gurgel-Gonçalves

{"title":"Phytophagous, blood-suckers or predators? Automated identification of Chagas disease vectors and similar bugs using convolutional neural network algorithms","authors":"Vinícius Lima de Miranda, Rodrigo Gurgel-Gonçalves","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107621","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107621","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Correct identification of blood-sucking bugs, such as triatomines, is important because they are vectors of Chagas' disease. Identifying these insects is often difficult for non-specialists. Deep learning is emerging as a solution for automated identification. This study evaluates the performance of three convolutional neural networks (CNNs) - AlexNet, MobileNetV2 and ResNet-50 - to identify bugs categorized by their feeding habits: 'blood-suckers', 'phytophagous' and 'predators'. A dataset of 707 dorsal view pictures was divided into training, validation, and test subsets (70 %, 10 %, and 20 %, respectively). Transfer learning was used to train the models, and Grad-CAM visualizations identified the picture regions that most influenced the predictions. All models achieved an accuracy of over 94 %, with ResNet-50 slightly outperforming the other models in terms of sensitivity and specificity. ROC and AUC analyses confirmed the reliability of these algorithms, highlighting their potential for robust bug identification. This study demonstrates the applicability of CNNs in distinguishing Triatominae from other insects, paving the way for the development of affordable vector identification tools to improve Chagas disease surveillance and control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":"265 ","pages":"Article 107621"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence and first detection of HTLV-2 in a pregnant woman in rural Brazil 巴西农村一名孕妇HTLV-2的流行和首次检测

IF 2.1 3区医学

Acta tropica Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107632

Gabriela Rodrigues de Aguiar Leal , Gabriel Galindo Cunha , Ana Eliza Vargas Eskinazi Sant’Anna , Artur Fernando Soares da Silva , Elisa de Almeida N. Azevedo , Clarice Neuenschwandwer Lins de Morais , José Humberto de Lima Melo , Maria Rosângela Cunha Duarte Côelho

{"title":"Prevalence and first detection of HTLV-2 in a pregnant woman in rural Brazil","authors":"Gabriela Rodrigues de Aguiar Leal , Gabriel Galindo Cunha , Ana Eliza Vargas Eskinazi Sant’Anna , Artur Fernando Soares da Silva , Elisa de Almeida N. Azevedo , Clarice Neuenschwandwer Lins de Morais , José Humberto de Lima Melo , Maria Rosângela Cunha Duarte Côelho","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) is a retrovirus with two subtypes, HTLV-1 and HTLV-2. HTLV-1 is linked to severe diseases such as adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and HTLV-associated myelopathy, while HTLV-2 is considered less pathogenic but can cause fibromyalgia, hairy cell leukemia, and neurological disorders. Although HTLV-2 is less prevalent than HTLV-1, it is common in specific populations, such as indigenous groups and injection drug users. In Brazil, an estimated 200,000–250,000 people are infected with HTLV-2, mostly in the North, yet data on its prevalence in pregnant women remain scarce. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of HTLV-1/2 among pregnant women in Pernambuco, revealing a 0.49 % prevalence rate, which exceeds that reported in other regions of Brazil. Notably, one case of HTLV-2 was identified in a non-indigenous pregnant woman, suggesting that HTLV-2 may be more widespread than previously recognized. Despite the integration of HTLV screening into routine prenatal care, a major gap exists in the awareness of HTLV-2 among healthcare professionals and the general population, hindering effective prevention and management. The study highlights the need for expanded screening, particularly in rural areas, and underscores the importance of addressing gaps in sexual health education and prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":"265 ","pages":"Article 107632"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Global potential distribution and realized niche conservatism during biological invasion of Culicoides imicola from Africa to the Mediterranean basin of Europe 库蠓从非洲向欧洲地中海盆地生物入侵的全球潜在分布及其生态位保守性

IF 2.1 3区医学

Acta tropica Pub Date : 2025-04-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107627

Mariano Altamiranda-Saavedra , Julián Ávila-Jiménez , Miguel Rojas , Dennis A. Navarro-Mamani

{"title":"Global potential distribution and realized niche conservatism during biological invasion of Culicoides imicola from Africa to the Mediterranean basin of Europe","authors":"Mariano Altamiranda-Saavedra , Julián Ávila-Jiménez , Miguel Rojas , Dennis A. Navarro-Mamani","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107627","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many <em>Culicoides</em> species transmit arboviruses that affect animals and humans. <em>Culicoides imicola</em>, a key vector of bluetongue virus (BTV), has expanded its range from Africa to Europe, spreading disease. Biting midges breed in diverse habitats and contribute significantly to the epidemiology of vector-borne diseases. In the present study, <em>C. imicola</em> occurrences were obtained and spatially filtered, resulting in 703 occurrences divided into the training and validation datasets (a 70–30 % split). Four bioclimatic variable sets were created based on their contributions to environmental niche modeling. Ecological niche models were built using combinations of variables and feature classes, and evaluated based on the Akaike information criterion, the omission rate, and partial receiver operating characteristic curve analysis using the Kuenm package in R version 4.2.3. Niche comparison between the native (Africa) and invaded (Europe) regions was performed using NicheA 3.0 and niche dynamics, including unfilling, expansion, and stability, with ecoregions delineating native and invaded areas determined using the Ecospat package in R version 4.2.3. The results indicated that <em>C. imicola</em> had a wide transcontinental distribution; the model predicted suitable habitats mainly in subtropical and temperate zones. The niche overlap analysis showed that the Jaccard index and Schoener’s D predicted low niche overlap between the native and invaded areas, with limited expansion and 93.6 % niche stability. The niches of <em>C. imicola</em>’s native and invaded areas were more similar than would be expected by chance, but they were not equivalent. In conclusion, there was high niche stability for <em>C. imicola</em> between Africa and Mediterranean Europe, with temperature strongly influencing its distribution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":"265 ","pages":"Article 107627"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Screening and metabolic analysis of high-efficiency molluscicidal bacteria based on atmospheric and room temperature plasma mutagenesis 基于大气和室温等离子体诱变的高效杀软体细菌的筛选和代谢分析

IF 2.1 3区医学

Acta tropica Pub Date : 2025-04-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107629

Yajing Zhu , Song Zhao , Qianghui Tang , Chunrong Xiong , Qiang Chao , Lixin Huang , Jianfeng Zhang , Yunyi Yao , Guangjie Han , Kun Yang

{"title":"Screening and metabolic analysis of high-efficiency molluscicidal bacteria based on atmospheric and room temperature plasma mutagenesis","authors":"Yajing Zhu , Song Zhao , Qianghui Tang , Chunrong Xiong , Qiang Chao , Lixin Huang , Jianfeng Zhang , Yunyi Yao , Guangjie Han , Kun Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Oncomelania hupensis</em> is the only intermediate host of <em>Schistosoma japonicum</em>, highlighting the need for developing low-toxicity, efficient, and economical molluscicides to control schistosomiasis transmission and prevalence. This study screened for effective molluscicides using <em>O. hupensis</em> in an immersion-based biological assay. Bsp dustable powder (DP) emerged as the most effective molluscicide among seven microbial pesticide samples tested. The dominant strain, designated 3–4, was isolated and identified as <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> using 16S rDNA gene sequencing. Following atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) mutagenesis, a mutant strain library containing 214 strains of bacteria was obtained. Most of the 139 mutant strains showed no significant difference compared with parental strain and 60 strains showed a decrease. Meanwhile, 15 mutant strains with higher molluscicidal effects were obtained. ARTP-129 and ARTP-154, exhibiting the highest positive mutation rates, demonstrated a 64.51 % increase in mortality compared to the parental strain 3–4. Metabolomic analysis revealed that the mutant strains may alter molluscicidal toxicity by regulating the synthesis pathways of metabolites such as <span>l</span>-pyroglutamic acid (PGA). These findings suggest the potential of ARTP mutagenesis for developing novel and effective molluscicides for schistosomiasis control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":"265 ","pages":"Article 107629"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular identification and knockdown resistance mutation of bed bugs involved in 2019 outbreak in Cape Coast, Ghana and Munich, Germany 2019 年加纳海岸角和德国慕尼黑疫情爆发所涉及的臭虫的分子鉴定和基因敲除抗性突变

IF 2.1 3区医学

Acta tropica Pub Date : 2025-04-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107623

Andreas A. Kudom , Philipp Hanke , Joana Ayettey , Rofela Combey , Ben A. Mensah , Benjamin Anderson , Andreas Wieser

{"title":"Molecular identification and knockdown resistance mutation of bed bugs involved in 2019 outbreak in Cape Coast, Ghana and Munich, Germany","authors":"Andreas A. Kudom , Philipp Hanke , Joana Ayettey , Rofela Combey , Ben A. Mensah , Benjamin Anderson , Andreas Wieser","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107623","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The worldwide resurgence of bed bug infestations is worrisome, particularly with the co-infestation of the two common bed bug species and emergence of insecticide resistance. For effective management, information on the specific species and their insecticide resistance status is crucial. This study investigated the specific species and knockdown resistance (<em>kdr</em>) gene mutations of the bed bug populations from Cape Coast, Ghana and Munich, Germany evolved in the 2019 infestation outbreak. Bed bugs were collected in households and educational institutions in Cape Coast, Ghana and a refugee shelter in Munich, Germany during the infestation outbreak in 2019. The susceptibility status of the bed bugs to four public health insecticides was determined using the standard WHO bioassay. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene and voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) gene followed by Sanger sequencing was used to identify the species and <em>kdr</em> mutations among the bed bugs collected. The bed bugs in Ghana were found to be two subpopulations of <em>C. hemipterus,</em> both of them harboring the M918I and L1014F <em>kdr</em> mutations. In addition, the population was extremely resistant to organochlorine, pyrethroid, carbamate and organophosphate insecticides. The bed bug population in Germany was a single population of <em>C. lectularius</em> with the L925I <em>kdr</em> mutation. This is the first report of the detection of multiple <em>kdr</em> mutations in <em>C. hemipterus</em> from Sub-Saharan Africa. The extreme resistance of the insect to the major classes of insecticides is a cause of concern and could have serious public health implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":"265 ","pages":"Article 107623"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143854464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular genotyping of pyrethroid resistant mutations and their haplotypes in bed bug populations from Greece 希腊臭虫种群中拟除虫菊酯抗性突变及其单倍型的分子基因分型

IF 2.1 3区医学

Acta tropica Pub Date : 2025-04-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107624

Ilias Kioulos , Alexandra M. Grigoriadou , Antonios Papadakis , John Vontas , Konstantinos Mavridis

{"title":"Molecular genotyping of pyrethroid resistant mutations and their haplotypes in bed bug populations from Greece","authors":"Ilias Kioulos , Alexandra M. Grigoriadou , Antonios Papadakis , John Vontas , Konstantinos Mavridis","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The resurgence of bed bugs poses significant risks to public health and tourism-driven economies in Southern Europe, including Greece. Control efforts largely rely on pyrethroids; however, the widespread selection of knockdown resistance (<em>kdr</em>) mutations has compromised their effectiveness. Molecular monitoring is therefore essential for accurate species identification and resistance surveillance to support evidence-based pest management strategies. In this study, we analyzed bed bug populations collected from Athens, Thessaloniki, and Heraklion between 2021 and 2024. Species identification was performed via DNA barcoding of the cytochrome oxidase I (<em>COI</em>) gene, while <em>kdr</em> mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (<em>VGSC</em>) gene—specifically V419L, L925I, and I936F—were assessed to determine their frequencies and haplotype distributions. All specimens were identified as <em>Cimex lectularius</em>. The L925I mutation reached fixation (100 %) in Thessaloniki and Heraklion, while V419L was detected at frequencies of 30.00 % and 50.00 %, respectively; I936F was not detected in these populations. In Athens, L925I was highly prevalent (98.40 %), while V419L (5.27 %) and I936F (0.60 %) were detected at lower frequencies. Haplotype analysis revealed Haplotype B (L925I only) as the most common in Athens (91.20 %) and Thessaloniki (60.0 %), while Haplotype C (L925I + V419L) predominated in Heraklion (76.92 %). Additional haplotypes were identified in Athens, including Haplotype B<sup>b</sup> (L925I + I936F), marking its first detection in Europe. These findings highlight the widespread presence of <em>kdr</em> mutations and underscore the urgent need for integrated pest management (IPM) strategies, incorporating resistance monitoring, alternative insecticides, and non-chemical control methods to mitigate the growing challenge of pyrethroid resistance in bed bugs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":"265 ","pages":"Article 107624"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thinking outside the box: Citizen science to monitor phlebotomine sand flies in Spain 跳出框框思考：公民科学监测西班牙白血沙蝇

IF 2.1 3区医学

Acta tropica Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107619

Tarcísio de Freitas Milagres , Ángela Bermejo , Marcos López de Felipe , Onilda Santos da Silva , Ana I. Mora-Urda , Rosa Gálvez

{"title":"Thinking outside the box: Citizen science to monitor phlebotomine sand flies in Spain","authors":"Tarcísio de Freitas Milagres , Ángela Bermejo , Marcos López de Felipe , Onilda Santos da Silva , Ana I. Mora-Urda , Rosa Gálvez","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107619","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107619","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Flebocollect project is a citizen science (CS) initiative in which a diverse group of participants, mainly high-school students, were requested to monitor sand flies (fm. Psychodidae; sfm. Phlebotominae), vectors of Leishmania parasites and Phlebovirus. The project generated entomological data that was then used to prepare an online free-access sand fly monitoring map providing information about the distribution areas of this vector group in Spain. This initiative contributes to our understanding of sand fly dynamics and thus of the risk of disease transmission, while promoting education and public health engagement in line with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We were also able to confirm the potential of CS for advancing research and strengthening sustainable vector surveillance, thus meeting the demands of The Global Vector Control Response 2017–2030 program. Didactic impact was analyzed through a test distributed to the participants before and after the educational program (pre- and post-test respectively) to assess the potential of CS as a learning tool and to promote a better attitude towards science. The project's success in Spain demonstrates that similar citizen science initiatives could be replicated elsewhere, provided they receive funding through dedicated scientific outreach budgets and are designed with long-term sustainability in mind.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":"265 ","pages":"Article 107619"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143854487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PCR-based diagnosis of Surra using a newly identified conserved region of the variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) gene 利用新发现的变异表面糖蛋白（VSG）基因的保守区域，基于pcr诊断Surra

IF 2.1 3区医学

Acta tropica Pub Date : 2025-04-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107618

Cassio Geremia Freire , Julia Marques , Gabriella Bassi das Neves , Renato Simões Moreira , Luiz Claudio Miletti

{"title":"PCR-based diagnosis of Surra using a newly identified conserved region of the variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) gene","authors":"Cassio Geremia Freire , Julia Marques , Gabriella Bassi das Neves , Renato Simões Moreira , Luiz Claudio Miletti","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107618","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Trypanosoma evansi</em>, the causative agent of Surra, is the most widespread pathogenic trypanosome that parasitizes the widest variety of mammals worldwide; however, rapid and easily accessible diagnostics still need to be improved. Proteomic research identified the VSG (Variant Surface Glycoprotein) TevSTIB805.3.100 gene as a potential biomarker for <em>T. evansi</em> diagnosis. The aim of this study was to design primers (called Tev3.100) for the gene encoding this VSG, testing the specificity and sensitivity of these primers on genomic DNA (gDNA) from different species and on biological samples. The specificity of primers was tested against gDNA from <em>T. evansi, T. brucei, T. equiperdum, T. rangeli, T. cruzi, T. vivax, Babesia bovis, B. bigemina</em>, and <em>Anaplasma</em> sp. Seventy-one biological samples from Lageana Creole cattle DNA were used, testing the sensitivity, specificity and concordance in relation to RoTat 1.2 primers. The Tev3.100 primers were able to produce amplicons with a single band of approximately 1800 bp for gDNA from <em>T. evansi</em>, but showed cross-reactions with <em>T. brucei</em>, and <em>T. equiperdum</em>, diverging from the <em>in silico</em> predictions. These primers indicated high sensitivity (98.28 %) and specificity (84.62 %) in the detection of biological samples from Lageano Creole cattle, in addition to high concordance values (κ: 0.854; SE: 0.082; 95 % CI: 0.695–1.000) in relation to RoTat primers results. The Tev3.100 primers are a new molecular tool with good sensitivity and specificity for Surra infections, but the cross-reactions with <em>T. equiperdum</em>, diverging from the databases, indicate that new genomic studies should be carried out for these species in Latin America.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":"265 ","pages":"Article 107618"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143848022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative larval anatomy of the digestive system of three Calliphoridae (Diptera) species that cause different types of myiasis 引起不同类型蝇蛆病的三种蝇科（双翅目）种消化系统的比较幼虫解剖

IF 2.1 3区医学

Acta tropica Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107616

Daniel Martín-Vega , Brett Clark , Marina García-del Río , Santiago Merino , Pilar Foronda , Jordi Miquel , Martin J.R. Hall

{"title":"Comparative larval anatomy of the digestive system of three Calliphoridae (Diptera) species that cause different types of myiasis","authors":"Daniel Martín-Vega , Brett Clark , Marina García-del Río , Santiago Merino , Pilar Foronda , Jordi Miquel , Martin J.R. Hall","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107616","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107616","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Calliphoridae are one of the main Diptera families that include agents of the parasitic disease condition known as myiasis. Parasitism seems to have evolved multiple independent times within the Calliphoridae; consequently, this family includes a diversity of myiasis-causing species, varying in their obligate or facultative habits and in their specific location in the host. Larval morphological studies can provide novel and relevant insights into the biology of those species, as well as on the pathogenesis and evolution of myiasis; however, the anatomy of internal organs and structures —particularly those within the digestive system— has generally been overlooked, despite potentially reflecting parasitic adaptations. We use here non-invasive X-ray micro-computed tomographic techniques to study the anatomy of the digestive system of the third instar larvae of three Calliphoridae species: <em>Protocalliphora azurea</em>, an obligate agent of sanguinivorous myiasis in passerine bird nestlings; <em>Cordylobia anthropophaga</em>, an obligate agent of subcutaneous myiasis in mammals; and <em>Lucilia sericata</em>, a facultative agent of traumatic myiasis in mammals. The three species are relatively uniform in the internal anatomy of their digestive organs, although they differ in the shape and size of the salivary glands —a main source of larval antigens—, which are considerably smaller in <em>P. azurea</em>. Moreover, the three species differ from the larvae of Oestridae, a close family that exclusively includes obligate myiasis-causing species, in the presence of gastric caeca and a crop, which shows a remarkable storage capacity in <em>L. sericata</em>. The observed differences are discussed from a functional perspective and in relation to the type of myiasis caused.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":"265 ","pages":"Article 107616"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epidemiological and molecular analysis of a rabies outbreak in the state of bahia, Brazil 巴西巴伊亚州狂犬病暴发的流行病学和分子分析

IF 2.1 3区医学

Acta tropica Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107617

Aroldo J․Borges Carneiro , José Eduardo Ungar de Sá , Jan Felix Drexler , Andreas Stöcker , Flávia dos Santos , Rafaela de Sousa Gonçalves , Dinah R․Dantas Becerra , Rogerio de Magalhães Cunha , Evandro Moraes-Silva , Paulo Santana , Caio Graco Zeppelini , Ricardo Lustosa , Carlos Roberto Franke

{"title":"Epidemiological and molecular analysis of a rabies outbreak in the state of bahia, Brazil","authors":"Aroldo J․Borges Carneiro , José Eduardo Ungar de Sá , Jan Felix Drexler , Andreas Stöcker , Flávia dos Santos , Rafaela de Sousa Gonçalves , Dinah R․Dantas Becerra , Rogerio de Magalhães Cunha , Evandro Moraes-Silva , Paulo Santana , Caio Graco Zeppelini , Ricardo Lustosa , Carlos Roberto Franke","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107617","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2025.107617","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to genetically characterize rabies virus strains detected in biological samples from 55 laboratory-confirmed rabies-positive animals in the state of Bahia during an outbreak that occurred between 2007–2009. Samples from one donkey, one lesser spear-nosed bat (<em>Phyllostomus elongatus</em>), two crab-eating foxes (<em>Cerdocyon thous</em>), eight common vampire bats (<em>Desmodus rotundus</em>) and 43 bovines were submitted to rabies diagnosis. All samples were positive in the direct immunofluorescence test (DAFT), mice inoculation test (MIT) and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction by (RT-PCR), followed by nucleotide sequencing and phylogenic analysis. The phylogeny presented two viral clades, one bat-specific and one carnivore-specific, with existence of nine sub-clusters associated to <em>Desmodus rotundus</em> and infection of bovines with the carnivore-specific strain. Phylogenetic analysis exposes a complex epidemiology that needs further elucidation for the improvement of control measures for rabies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":"265 ","pages":"Article 107617"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143854486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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