Acta tropica最新文献

{"title":"Genetic relationships of three species of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Taiwan","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As an island about 150 km from the mainland, Taiwan would be expected to have endemic species. About 64 % of its 36 species of black flies are considered endemic, more than twice the level of endemicity that has been recorded for all insects on the island. To begin assessing the validity of the high level of endemism for the Simuliidae, we used giant chromosome banding patterns and cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) sequences, against a well-defined morphological backdrop, to evaluate three of Taiwan's black flies, <em>Simulium chungi</em> Takaoka &amp; Huang, <em>S. pingtungense</em> Huang &amp; Takaoka, and <em>S. sakishimaense</em> Takaoka. Molecular data revealed high similarity of populations of <em>S. sakishimaense</em> in Taiwan and at the type locality on Ishigaki Island, Japan, about 180 km to the east. Thus, populations referred to as <em>S. sakishimaense</em> in Taiwan are conspecific with typical <em>S. sakishimaense</em> in Japan, confirming their non-endemicity in Taiwan. <em>Simulium sakishimaense</em> might have reached Ishigaki by island hopping via Taiwan from the Chinese mainland. Chromosomes and the COI gene agree with morphology that <em>S. sakishimaense</em> is a member of the <em>S. multistriatum</em> species group although the chromosomal banding patterns do not indicate that it is distinct from <em>S. fenestratum</em> Edwards on the mainland. Although molecular sequences indicate <em>S. sakishimaense</em> is monophyletic, this taxon falls within the same Operational Taxonomic Unit as nine other members of the <em>S. multistriatum</em> group, including <em>S. fenestratum. Simulium pingtungense</em>, in agreement with morphology, is molecularly distinct from the 10 other analyzed members of the <em>S. striatum</em> species group, tentatively suggesting that it is endemic to Taiwan, pending analysis of samples from mainland China. <em>Simulium chungi</em> in Taiwan is chromosomally and molecularly unique, with larvae resembling those of <em>S. saskishimaense</em>. It is not, however, a member of either the <em>S. multistriatum</em> or <em>S. striatum</em> species groups. For now, the <em>S. chungi</em> species group remains a legitimate taxon consisting of two species. Strengthening the case for endemic taxa in Taiwan awaits analysis of key samples from the Chinese mainland.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142171938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of soil-transmitted helminth infections in South America (2000–2024)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) are parasitic nematodes commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions, where poor sanitation makes them a significant public health concern. This study provides a comprehensive review and meta-analysis of human STH infections across 13 South American countries from 2000 to 2023. It covers these infections' prevalence, distribution, and diagnosis, highlighting the environmental factors influencing transmission pathways. The review identified 134 studies on human STH infections, revealing Brazil as the most researched country. The meta-analysis found prevalence rates of <em>Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura</em>, hookworms, and <em>Strongyloides stercoralis</em> below 20 %, with notable heterogeneity across studies. Most studies used conventional microscopy for diagnosis, pointing out the need for implementing advanced diagnostic tools. Environmental and climatic factors, including temperature annual range, vegetation density, soil types, and properties were significant predictors of STH prevalence. The study calls for more research performing advanced diagnostic methods and broader geographical coverage to address existing data gaps. Furthermore, it emphasizes the need for holistic public health policies integrating biomedical and environmental approaches to ensure effective disease management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of tick-borne pathogens in the pangolin tick, Amblyomma javanense, from Vietnam and Laos, including a novel species of Trypanosoma","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Two species of Southeast Asian pangolins (the Chinese pangolin, <em>Manis pentadactyla</em> and the Malayan or Sunda pangolin, <em>Manis javanica</em>) are critically endangered species. Therefore, knowledge on their parasitic infections is very important, especially considering ticks that can transmit which pathogens. In this study, 32 pangolin ticks (<em>Amblyomma javanense</em>), that were collected in Vietnam and Laos, were analyzed with molecular methods for the presence of tick-borne pathogens. Two members of the family Anaplasmataceae were shown to be present in 14 pangolin ticks, i.e., <em>Candidatus</em> Anaplasma pangolinii and an <em>Ehrlichia</em> sp. In three ticks, a single Rickettsia genotype was also detected, and in seven ticks four 18S rRNA sequence variants of a <em>Babesia</em> sp. Most importantly, a novel protozoan agent, tentatively called here <em>Trypanosoma</em> sp. “PAT14” was detected in one <em>A. javanense</em> nymph. These results imply the first molecular finding of any species of <em>Anaplasma, Ehrlichia</em> and <em>Babesia</em> in pangolin ticks from Vietnam and Laos. On the other hand, detection of a new tick-associated <em>Trypanosoma</em> sp. in <em>A. javanense</em> from Southeast Asia is not only important from a taxonomic point of view, but it is also the first finding of any trypanosomes in the genus <em>Amblyomma</em> in Eurasia and adds pangolins to the potential placental mammalian hosts of any trypanosomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142232849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing trends of non-tuberculous mycobacteria clinical isolates in Guangzhou, China","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are one of major public health concern. The current study aimed to find the prevalence trends of NTM in Guangzhou, China from January 2018 to December 2023. A total of 26,716 positive mycobacterial cultures were collected. Thirty-six specimens with incomplete personal information were excluded. The remaining 26,680 specimens were identified using a gene chip method. 16,709 isolates were <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> (MTB) (62.63 %), and 9,971 were NTM (37.37 %). 43.43 % (4,330/9,971) of NTM isolates were male, and 56.57 % (5,641/9,971) were female (χ2 = 24.36, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), a male to female ratio of approximately 1:1.30. Infections in individuals with aged 40 years and above was higher (77.63 %) than below 40 years (22.37 %) (χ2 = 4.94, <em>P</em> = 0.026). The annual NTM isolation rates from 2018 to 2023 were 32.03 %, 34.00 %, 36.27 %, 38.58 %, 38.99 %, and 43.24 %, respectively, showing an increasing trend (χ2 for trend = 0.097, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) (<em>R</em> = 0.097, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Out of 9,971 NTM isolates, 8,881 cases include only five common NTM species (MAC, <em>M. abscessus/M. chelonae, M. kansasii, M. fortuitum</em>, and <em>M. gordonae</em>). The overall NTM isolation rate was 37.37 %. The NTM isolation rate was significantly higher than the national average, showing an increasing trend over the last six years.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142172992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioassay-guided isolation of insect repellent compounds from Ligusticum porteri root extract","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In our program of screening natural products against the pests of medical and veterinary importance, ethanolic extract of the roots of <em>Ligusticum porteri</em> J.M.Coult. &amp; Rose showed significant repellency against mosquitoes. The extract was then fractionated to test different fractions to identify the active repellent compounds. This testing resulted in the isolation of different compounds including (<em>Z</em>)-3-butylidenephthalide, (<em>E</em>)-3-butylidenephthalide, and a mixture of (<em>E/Z</em>)-3-butylidenephthalide. Biting deterrence of all these compounds was similar to <em>N,N</em>-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) against <em>Aedes aegypti</em> (L.) in Klun and Debboun (K &amp; D) bioassay. (<em>E/Z</em>)-3-butylidenephthalide which is a mixture of the two compounds was further tested in Ali &amp; Khan (A &amp; K) bioassay. Based on these data repellency of this compound was similar whereas the MED values of the mixtures of (<em>E/Z</em>)-3-butylidenephthalide with carotol were lower (6.25 + 6.25 = 12.5 µg/cm²) than individual treatments (25 µg/cm²). In <em>in vivo</em> (direct skin application bioassay), (<em>E/Z</em>)-3-butylidenephthalide showed excellent repellency. The residual repellency of (<em>E/Z</em>)-3-butylidenephthalide at 8 and 16 % application rates was 4.5 and 10-h respectively which was equal to or better than DEET with the residual time of 5 and 9-h, respectively. The mixture of (<em>E/Z</em>)-3-butylidenephthalide with carotol (8 + 8 %) increased the residual repellency by 2-h (44 %) as compared to (<em>E/Z</em>)-3-butylidenephthalide alone at a dose of 8 %. These data indicated that (<em>E/Z</em>)-3-butylidenephthalide is an effective mosquito repellent that is stable and has a long shelf life. The activity of this compound is extraordinary and residual time is comparable to DEET. <em>In vivo</em> data demonstrated an enormous potential of (<em>E/Z</em>)-3-butylidenephthalide as a repellent that can be developed for commercial use. However, (E/Z)-3-butylidenephthalate was found in lower amounts of the L. <em>porteri</em> essential oil.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001706X24002687/pdfft?md5=6720f26e7621439e031cd72fd5ece949&pid=1-s2.0-S0001706X24002687-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mosquito species identification accuracy of early deployed algorithms in IDX, A vector identification tool","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mosquito-borne diseases continue to pose a great threat to global public health systems due to increased insecticide resistance and climate change. Accurate vector identification is crucial for effective control, yet it presents significant challenges. IDX - an automated computer vision-based device capable of capturing mosquito images and outputting mosquito species ID has been deployed globally resulting in algorithms currently capable of identifying 53 mosquito species. In this study, we evaluate deployed performance of the IDX mosquito species identification algorithms using data from partners in the Southeastern United States (SE US) and Papua New Guinea (PNG) in 2023 and 2024. This preliminary assessment indicates continued improvement of the IDX mosquito species identification algorithms over the study period for individual species as well as average regional accuracy with macro average recall improving from 55.3 % [Confidence Interval (CI) 48.9, 61.7] to 80.2 % [CI 77.3, 84.9] for SE US, and 84.1 % [CI 75.1, 93.1] to 93.6 % [CI 91.6, 95.6] for PNG using a CI of 90 %. This study underscores the importance of algorithm refinement and dataset expansion covering more species and regions to enhance identification systems thereby reducing the workload for human experts, addressing taxonomic expertise gaps, and improving vector control efforts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001706X24002742/pdfft?md5=a93e9a813005f97811f7573a5f33e1bd&pid=1-s2.0-S0001706X24002742-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triatomine (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) populations and Trypanosoma cruzi genotyping in peridomestic and sylvatic environments in the semiarid region of Sergipe, Northeastern, Brazil","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We assessed the diversity of triatomines, the rates of natural infection, and the discrete typing units (DTUs) of <em>Trypanosoma cruzi</em> isolated from them in two municipalities in the state of Sergipe, Brazil. Active searches for triatomines were conducted in the peridomicily and wild enviroments of 10 villages within the two municipalities. Triatomines were taxonomically identified and their feces were extracted using the abdominal compression method. Parasite detection was performed using optical microscopy. For <em>Trypanosoma cruzi</em> genotyping via PCR-FFLB, 151 samples of the subspecies <em>Triatoma brasiliensis macromelasoma</em> and <em>Triatoma brasiliensis</em> were isolated from both municipalities. In total, 505 triatomines were collected, with <em>Triatoma brasiliensis macromelasoma</em> being the most frequent species (58.81 %). <em>Triatoma b. brasiliensis</em> was the only species in both peridomestic and wild environments. Regarding the other species, <em>T. pseudomaculata</em> was found only in the peridomestic environment; and <em>T. b. macromelasoma</em> and <em>Psammolestes tertius</em> were found in the wild environment. Three Discrete Typing Units were identified: TcI (87.51 %) detected in <em>T. b. brasiliensis</em> and <em>T. b. macromelasoma</em>, TcI+TcIII (10.41 %) in <em>T. b. macromelasoma</em>, and TcI+<em>Trypanosoma rangeli</em> (2.08 %) in <em>T. b. macromelasoma</em>. It is concluded that <em>T. b. macromelasoma</em> is the species collected most frequently in the studied region and the one that presents the highest rates of natural infection, highlighting its epidemiological importance for the vectorial transmission of Chagas disease in Sergipe.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142171939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taxonomic history, biology and ecology of Culex (Microculex) (Diptera: Culicidae)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Microculex</em> is a subgenus of <em>Culex</em> that is mainly associated with natural breeding sites in wild environments such as cut bamboos, tree holes and bromeliads. However, recent findings of <em>Culex</em> (<em>Microculex</em>) species in bromeliads in urban areas and in artificial breeding sites close to human habitations suggest that they are becoming more tolerant of urbanization. Whilst dispersion studies of this subgenus have shown the ecological valency of some species in relation to human-impacted areas, there is a scarcity of studies on the blood-feeding habits, vector capacity and taxonomy of <em>Microculex</em>. As all the information about this subgenus is fragmented and restricted in most cases to physical libraries, this review seeks to compile all the information on <em>Microculex</em> published over the last century and a half so that this can be more easily consulted by specialists interested in the subject. The ability of some species of this subgenus to adapt to human-impacted environments by colonizing artificial breeding sites and thus become a potential vector of animal and human diseases is also discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142171937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rational design of a multi-epitope vaccine against heartland virus (HRTV) using immune-informatics, molecular docking and dynamics approaches","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107388","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Heartland virus (HRTV) is a single-stranded negative-sense RNA virus that infects human beings. Because there are no antiviral medications available to treat HRTV infection, supportive care management is used in cases of severe disease. Therefore, it has spurred research into developing a multi-epitope vaccine capable of providing effective protection against HRTV infection. A multi-epitope vaccine was created using a combination of immuno-informatics, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation in this investigation. The HRTV proteome was utilized to predict B-cell, T-cell (HTL and CTL), and IFN-epitopes. Following prediction, highly antigenic, non-allergenic and immunogenic epitopes were chosen, including 6 CTL, 8 HTL, and 5 LBL epitopes that were connected to the final peptide by AAY, GPGPG, and KK linkers, respectively. An adjuvant was introduced to the vaccine's N-terminal through the EAAAK linker to increase its immunogenicity. Following the inclusion of linkers and adjuvant, the final construct has 359 amino acids. The presence of B-cell and IFN-γ-epitopes validates the construct's acquired humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. To ensure the vaccine's safety and immunogenicity profile, its allergenicity, antigenicity, and various physicochemical characteristics were assessed. Docking was used to assess the binding affinity and molecular interaction between the vaccination and TLR-3. <em>In silico</em> cloning was used to confirm the construct's validity and expression efficiency. The results of these computer assays demonstrated that the designed vaccine is highly promising in terms of developing protective immunity against HRTV; nevertheless, additional <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em> investigations are required to validate its true immune-protective efficiency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142167736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and characterization of Jingmen tick virus from Rhipicephalus microplus in Hunan, China","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Jingmen tick virus (JMTV) is a tick-borne pathogen known to affect human beings, characterized by a segmented genome structure that defies the conventional understanding of the <em>Flaviviridae</em> family. In the present study, we employed metagenomic analysis to screen for tick-borne viruses in Hunan Province, China, and identified five JMTV variants with complete genomes from <em>Rhipicephalus microplus</em> ticks sampled from cattle. These viral strains exhibited the highest sequence similarity to JMTV isolates previously reported in Hubei Province, China. However, evidence of genomic reassortment was detected, particularly with the S2 segment showing greater similarity to the strains from Japan. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that JMTV strains cluster predominantly based on their geographic origin. In agreement with the homology data, the S1, S3, and S4 segments of the strains identified in this study grouped with those from Hubei Province, while the S2 segment displayed a distinct topological structure. Moreover, JMTV displayed limited replication in mammal-derived cells, but thrived in tick-derived cell lines. In addition to the commonly used <em>R. microplus</em>-derived BME/CTVM23 cells, we found that JMTV also proliferated robustly in both <em>Ixodes scapularis</em>-derived ISE6 and <em>Ixodes ricinus</em>-derived IRE/CTVM19 cells, offering new avenues for <em>in vitro</em> production of the virus. In summary, this study expands the known geographic distribution and genetic diversity of JMTV, providing valuable insights into its epidemiology and potential for <em>in vitro</em> cultivation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7240,"journal":{"name":"Acta tropica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142152967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}