Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)最新文献

{"title":"Insights of right ventricular anisotropic hysteresis behavior with pulmonary hypertension development.","authors":"Kristen LeBar, Kellan Roth, Wenqiang Liu, Brandyn Garcia, Jassia Pang, Jessica Ayers, Adam J Chicco, Zhijie Wang","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/ade108","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-605X/ade108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is growing evidence of myocardial hysteresis and, recently, the viscoelasticity of healthy and pulmonary hypertensive (PH) right ventricle free walls (RVFW) has been studied by stress-relaxation. However, stress-relaxation does not fully capture the<i>in vivo</i>deformation of the tissue, and the changes in right ventricle hysteresis behavior with PH remain unknown. Our aim was to investigate RVFW biaxial hysteresis behavior with PH. We conducted equibiaxial cyclic sinusoidal tensile testing in healthy and PH rat RVFW tissues under 20% strain, with strain rates of 0.1&1 Hz (sub-physiological), and 5&8 Hz (physiological). Elastic modulus, loop height, stored and dissipated energies, the ratio of viscosity to elasticity (V/E), and the percentage of dissipated to total energy (damping) were derived. After PH, elastic modulus was elevated in both directions, while longitudinal loop height and stored and dissipated energies were increased (<i>p</i>< 0.05). Despite these individual changes in viscosity and elasticity, V/E ratio and damping were maintained. We further found frequency-dependent responses of V/E ratio and damping, and these were enhanced in the diseased RVs (<i>p</i>< 0.05 at 5&8 Hz) than healthy RVs (<i>p</i>< 0.05 only at 8 Hz). Finally, we observed significant correlations between individual mechanical properties and structural changes (collagen content/myofiber width), and the correlations were stronger in the longitudinal (<i>p</i>⩽ 0.006) than circumferential (<i>p</i>< 0.05) direction. Moreover, collagen had a much greater contribution (<i>p</i>⩽ 0.002) to tissue elasticity than myofiber (<i>p</i>⩽ 0.02). Multiple linear regression analyses revealed a significant role of myofibers, not collagen content, in the tissue viscosity in both directions (<i>p</i>< 0.05). Our results suggest the importance of incorporating tissue viscoelastic properties into pathophysiology as well as the design of cardiac biomimetic materials for advancements in cardiac health.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144227825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In-vitro</i>evaluation of<i>in-situ</i>synthesized superparamagnetic iron nanoparticles (SPINs) for magnetic hyperthermia treatment of breast and prostate cancer.","authors":"Mariam Elabbasi, Ahmed A El-Gendy","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/addf27","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-605X/addf27","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Magnetic hyperthermia has emerged as a promising approach in the pursuit of effective cancer therapies; however, its success relies heavily on the development of advanced magnetic nanomaterials. This study introduces a groundbreaking approach of intracellular magnetic hyperthermia using superparamagnetic iron nanoparticles (SPINs) specifically within breast and prostate tumors, laying a crucial foundation for the development of hyperthermia cancer therapy. In contrast to traditional anticancer treatments, our approach leverages the superior tumor retention capabilities of nanoparticles due to their intracellular cell uptake allowing efficient induced localized heating power. We developed a highly controllable synthesis method for iron nanoparticles in carbon matrix, which exhibit efficient localized heat generation by SPINs under applied magnetic field within the clinical limit, with magnetic saturation exceeding 150 emu g^-1, highlighting their potential for hyperthermia therapy. Characterization through scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and vibrating sample magnetometry confirms the spherical-like shape, pure iron phase and high magnetization of the formed nanoparticles. These dispersed nanoparticles demonstrate feasibility for hyperthermia, quantified by the specific absorption rate.<i>In vitro</i>intracellular uptake studies using Du145 prostate and MCF7 breast cancer cell lines indicate efficient nanoparticle tumor cell-uptake. Pre- and post-hyperthermia cell viability assessments show substantial tumor cell death, with nearly 50% reduction post-magnetic field application. These findings highlight the promising potential of these advanced nanoparticles for intracellular targeted cancer therapy, particularly in solid tumors, and suggest significant avenues for further medical research and application.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing biomedical applications: integrating textile innovations with tissue engineering.","authors":"Joyjit Ghosh, Nishat Sarmin Rupanty, Tanvir Rahman Asif, Tasneem Noor, Tarikul Islam, Vladimir Reukov","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/adda81","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-605X/adda81","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Textile technologies are significantly advancing the field of tissue engineering (TE) by providing innovative scaffolds that closely mimic the extracellular matrix and address crucial challenges in tissue regeneration. Techniques such as weaving, knitting, and braiding allow for creating structures with customizable porosity, mechanical properties, and fiber alignment, which are essential for supporting cellular behaviors such as adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Recent developments have incorporated bioactive materials-like growth factors, peptides, and nanoparticles-into these textile-based scaffolds, greatly enhancing their functionality for applications in wound healing, skin regeneration, and organ engineering. The emergence of smart textiles, which utilize responsive polymers and nanotechnology, facilitates the on-demand delivery of therapeutic agents and provides electrical stimulation to repair neural and muscular tissues. Additionally, combining 3D bioprinting with textile principles enables the fabrication of anatomically precise, multi-layered scaffolds, expediting advancements in complex tissue reconstruction, including vascular grafts and bone scaffolds. Utilization of materials such as polycaprolactone, collagen, and silk fibroin-often in hybrid forms-ensures that these scaffolds maintain biocompatibility, mechanical integrity, and biodegradability. As functionalized textiles are explored for applications in cardiovascular, skin, and organ engineering, leveraging techniques like electro-spun nanofibers and braided vascular grafts, a transformative approach to regenerative medicine emerges. Despite ongoing challenges with vascularization and scaling, textile-engineered scaffolds promise to enable personalized, durable, and multifunctional solutions, positioning the convergence of textile science and TE to redefine future biomedical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fib@PEGDA/GelMA hydrogel as a light-curing thin-layer matrix for RPE cell growth and function.","authors":"Naiwen Zhang, Cong Ma, Fei Shao, Huanan Wang, Xiang Ma","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/addcab","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-605X/addcab","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Retinal degenerative diseases, including age-related macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa, are leading causes of blindness globally, characterized by progressive degeneration of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptor (PR) cells. Despite advancements, current therapies have not substantially arrested disease progression. Cell replacement therapy using healthy RPE and PR cells holds promise but faces obstacles such as poor cell survival, inadequate integration, and transplantation difficulties. To address these issues, tissue engineering combined with 3D printing has become a focal point. This study investigates the use of four hydrogels-GelMA, HAMA, AlgMA, and PEGDA-and their various crosslinked combinations for creating hydrogel thin-layer matrices conducive to RPE cell growth. PEGDA/GelMA hydrogel demonstrated optimal support for cell spreading and proliferation, which is not achievable with hydrogels matrices of other formulations. The relationship between the mechanical properties of PEGDA/GelMA hydrogels and cell growth was further refined. PEGDA600-20 hydrogel with a compressive modulus of 1245.07 ± 20.79 kPa was selected based on time-course viability assays, leading to the development of the optimized Fib@PEGDA/GelMA hydrogel exhibited exceptional biocompatibility. Compared to PEGDA/GelMA, CCK-8 assays demonstrated significantly improved relative cell viability at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h, with increases of 17.73 ± 1.22%, 14.54 ± 3.63%, and 19.04 ± 2.31%, respectively on Fib@PEGDA/GelMA matrix. qRT-PCR results indicated a mitigation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), as evidenced by downregulation of EMT markers (CDH2, COL1A1, and FN1), accompanied by reduced IL-6 levels. Fib@PEGDA/GelMA hydrogel enhanced phagocytic activity in ARPE-19 cells and promoted functional expression in hiPSC-RPEs. Additionally, the hydrogel showed favorable<i>in vivo</i>biocompatibility following subcutaneous implantation of RCS rats at 1, 2, and 4 weeks post-implantation evidenced by HE and Masson's staining. This system offers a promising bioink for 3D-printed retinal cell scaffolds and paves the way for future advancements in cell replacement therapies for retinal degenerative diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144132939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis, characterization and antiviral efficacy of valacyclovir loaded polymeric nanoparticles against wild-type herpes simplex virus type 2.","authors":"Oluwafemi Samuel Obisesan, Lesego Tshweu, Lindiwe Nkabinde-Thete, Bathabile Ramalapa, Mpho Phehello Ngoepe, Roux Saartjie, Hazel Tumelo Mufhandu","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/addf25","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-605X/addf25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) remains a significant public health concern due to its high rates of mortality and morbidity. While various chemotherapeutic options exist for treating HSV-2, they are often inadequate as none provide a definitive cure, and there is a growing issue of drug-resistant strains. The introduction of nanomedicine for antiviral drug delivery offers a promising avenue to enhance the effectiveness of these treatments. This study explored an innovative approach to treating HSV-2 by encapsulating valacyclovir in biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) using a double emulsion technique. The formulated valacyclovir-loaded polymeric nanoparticles were characterized, revealing monodispersed particles with an average hydrodynamic size ranging from 154.9 ± 2.1 to 232.8 ± 6.2 nm, along with an encapsulation efficiency of 50%-66% and a drug loading capacity of 11.6%-13.9%. Additionally, there is no significant cytotoxicity of the test compounds to Vero cells at 0.3 mg ml^-1concentration with a cell viability within the range of 85 ± 13.6%-100 ± 4.8%. The antiviral activity of both the free drug (valacyclovir) and the valacyclovir-loaded polymeric nanoparticles was assessed in HSV-2 infected Vero cells. The results demonstrated that the valacyclovir-loaded nanoparticles exhibited a 1.2-1.3fold (<i>p</i>< 0.005) increase in antiviral efficacy compared to the free drug. This study thus presents a novel nanotechnology-based treatment approach for HSV-2, offering enhanced antiviral effectiveness over traditional treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation for the pro-angiogenic properties of eggshell-derived nanoparticles.","authors":"Proma Nagchowdhury, Shagufta Haque, Urvi Patra, Swapnali Londhe, Rajkumar Banerjee, Chitta Ranjan Patra","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/add8d7","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-605X/add8d7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eggshells are regular domestic, agricultural waste, and the primary composition of eggshells is majorly of calcium, as well as trace amounts of magnesium and phosphorous. These two elements (calcium and magnesium) are also present in living organisms and play an important role in many biological processes (cell growth, muscle contraction, glycolysis, angiogenesis, and vasculogenesis). Considering their role in different biological processes, especially in angiogenesis (formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature), we hypothesized the involvement of calcium and magnesium (present in eggshells) in the nanoform may induce angiogenesis. To this context, the present manuscript attempts to design calcium-rich nanoparticles derived from both unfertilized and fertilized eggshells (U-ES and F-ES), and investigate their pro-angiogenic properties. Both U-ES nanoparticles (U-ES-NP) and F-ES nanoparticles (F-ES-NP) were developed by the calcination of raw eggshells. These nanoparticles (U-ES-NP and F-ES-NP) are characterized using various analytical techniques. These nanoparticles exhibit pro-angiogenic properties, as validated by<i>in vitro</i>assays (cell proliferation assay, tube formation assay, etc),<i>ex vivo</i>(chick aorta assay) and<i>in vivo</i>(chick choriallantoic membrane assay) experiments. The hemolysis experiment (<i>ex vivo</i>) was performed by incubating mouse RBCs with nanoparticles, which further validates the biocompatibility of these nanomaterials. Taking these results altogether, the current study demonstrates pro-angiogenic properties of biocompatible ES-NP, that could be further utilized for the treatment of several diseases and other biomedical applications after proper biosafety evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of sea cucumber protein paste for mice's skin wound healing and its potential anti-inflammatory mechanism.","authors":"Xiaoyan Wang, Jinghe Sun, Ke Liu, Shuang Li, Jun Zhao, Jingfeng Yang","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/addcaa","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-605X/addcaa","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Natural substances with anti-inflammatory activity have always been the priority for human injuries. This study aims to investigate the beneficial effects and mechanism of sea cucumber protein (SCP) on wound healing, through a BALB/c mouse model and lipopolysaccharides-induced RAW 264.7 cells. We identified the mice's serum cytokines and tissue section to find out how SCP paste works. The alteration of the nuclear factor-<i>κ</i>B (NF-<i>κ</i>B) pathway during the anti-inflammatory effect of SCP was also explored. The results showed that the wound healing rate in the SCP(H) group exceeded 90%, whereas it was 72.91% and 64.10% in the Control and negative control groups on day 14. New blood vessels and fibroblasts were generated in the wounds. Collagen expression increased by 13.89% and 15.12% respectively in the SCP(L) and SCP(H) groups compared with the Control group on day 14. Furthermore, SCP decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor-<i>α</i>, interleukin (IL)-1<i>β</i>, IL-6) in mice's serum while up-regulating the level of anti-inflammatory factor (IL-10) during the healing process. Furthermore, SCP suppressed the NF-<i>κ</i>B pathway by decreasing protein levels of phosphorylated p65 and IKK<i>α</i>, and increasing protein levels of I<i>κ</i>B<i>α</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144132869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogel-based delivery systems loaded with natural active compounds for endometrial injury repair: a review of recent advances.","authors":"Xiaoding Zhou, Qiong Yi, Liqun Yang","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/adde09","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-605X/adde09","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review highlights recent advancements in hydrogel-based delivery systems incorporating natural active compounds, particularly those derived from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), for the repair of endometrial injuries. The endometrium, known for its exceptional regenerative capacity, often requires targeted therapeutic interventions when damaged. Conventional treatment approaches frequently exhibit limited efficacy, prompting growing interest in TCM-based strategies due to their favourable safety profiles and multifaceted therapeutic potential. However, clinical translation of TCM compounds remains challenging due to issues such as poor solubility and bioavailability. Recent innovations in biodegradable polymeric hydrogels offer a promising solution, enabling controlled release of bioactive compounds and enhancing therapeutic efficacy through mechanisms such as inflammation modulation, promotion of angiogenesis, and facilitation of epithelial regeneration. This review delves into the design principles, fabrication techniques, and current applications of natural and synthetic hydrogels in endometrial repair. While preclinical findings are encouraging, significant challenges persist, including biocompatibility optimization, standardization of TCM formulations, and precise control of hydrogel degradation. Future research should focus on developing innovative materials, integrating smart responsive systems, advancing personalized treatment modalities, and conducting large-scale clinical trials. Progress in this field will depend on interdisciplinary collaboration across biomaterials science, pharmacy, TCM, and clinical medicine, paving the way for clinical adoption of these advanced therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144176069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexible polyurethane scaffolds with high biocompatibility for effective chondrogenic performance in cartilage tissue engineering.","authors":"Yi Chieh Chang, Yih-Lin Cheng, Wei-Chi Liu, Wen-Bin Zhong, Chung-Kan Tsao","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/add6f8","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-605X/add6f8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cartilage tissue engineering offers a promising solution for addressing severe cartilage damage. To replicate native cartilage properties, scaffolds must exhibit both load-bearing capacity and the ability to regain their original shape. Balancing elasticity and hardness remains a challenge for biomaterials currently used in cartilage tissue engineering. Polyurethane, a Food and Drug Administration-approved elastomeric biomaterial, shows promise in meeting these requirements but shows limited support for cartilage-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation by chondrocytes. In this study, we employed 3D printing to fabricate multi-layered scaffolds using two modified polyurethane formulations: one combining aromatic polyurethane with cyclic trimethylolpropane formal acrylate to enhance mechanical strength and elasticity, and another incorporating hydroxyethyl methacrylate to improve biocompatibility. These scaffolds supported chondrocyte adhesion and redifferentiation, promoting significant cartilage ECM deposition and the formation of cartilage-like sheets, which not only exhibited cartilage ECM, but also had good elasticity and compressive resistance. These findings highlight the potential of these modified polyurethanes for cartilage tissue engineering and introduce a platform for scaffold-free implantation of engineered cartilage, which could accelerate future clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144058370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A testicular microfluidic organ-on-a-chip for mimicking spermatogenic epithelium.","authors":"Yanqing Li, Haicheng Cheng, LinYan Lv, Yiren Liu, Yun Xie, Jun Chen, Xiaoyan Liang, Chunhua Deng, Xuenong Zou, Jianhua Zhou, Guihua Liu","doi":"10.1088/1748-605X/add9db","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-605X/add9db","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The testicular spermatogenic epithelium, the fundamental functional unit of spermatogenesis, comprises Sertoli cells and a sequence of spermatogenic cells, with the Leydig cells (LCs) playing a pivotal supporting role in sperm development. In this study, we developed a microfluidic testicular organ-on-a-chip (OoC) composed of spermatogonial stem cells, Sertoli cells, and LCs. After 28 d of culture, the testicular OoC demonstrated the formation of a spermatogenic epithelial structure, with observed proliferation and differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells. Both Sertoli and LCs were noted to perform their fundamental cellular functions and engage in intercellular communication. Applying reproductive toxicity factors to testicular OoC reduced the proliferation of spermatogonia stem cell in the chip. This testicular OoC model revealed its potential for exploring physiological functions of the testicular spermatogenic epithelium and serving as a platform for pharmacological and toxicological screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":72389,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical materials (Bristol, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144087024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}