Biomaterial investigations in dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Mineralization effect of ion-releasing fiber-reinforced composite in teeth with molar-incisor hypomineralization.","authors":"Lippo Lassila, Battsetseg Tseveenjav, Janna Waltimo-Sirén, Pekka Vallittu, Sufyan Garoushi","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.45993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2340/biid.v13.45993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the long-term mineralizing effects of an experimental ion-releasing, short fiber-reinforced flowable composite (SFC-active) applied to human teeth with molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 16 first permanent molars, extracted due to MIH, received two occlusal restorations each. All cavities were acid-etched for 15 seconds before applying the restorative materials. One of the cavities in each tooth was restored with a commercial conventional particulate-filled composite (PFC; G-aenial Universal Injectable) after placement of the SFC-active liner. The other cavities were restored without the liner, using PFC alone (<i>n</i> = 8) or resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC; Fuji II LC) alone (<i>n</i> = 8). The teeth were stored in simulated body fluid at 37°C for 30 months. The mineralization effect was assessed at three regions (coronal, middle, and apical) under the restorations using micro-computed tomography (CT) (dentin density), micro-indentation (dentin hardness) and scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive spectroscopy (microstructure and calcium-to-phosphorus [Ca/P] ratio) analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Micro-CT analyses revealed no statistically significant differences (<i>p</i> > 0.05) in dentin mineral density between the restorative materials at any of the three regions beneath the restorations. At the coronal region of interface, dentin hardness was higher with SFC-active than with PFC, but lower than with RMGIC (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The Ca/P ratios of dentin varied beneath the different restorations, ranging from 1.49 to 1.60, with the highest ratios observed at the coronal region of the interface with SFC-active. Strontium and fluorine were detected in the dentin adjacent to the RMGIC restorations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SFC-active demonstrated a positive mineralizing effect on dentin, reflected by higher hardness and Ca/P ratios at the coronal region of the interface. These findings indicate that SFC-active is a promising restorative material for the management of MIH-affected teeth.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"45993"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13139956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147846600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of mineral precipitation, elemental release, pH change and cytotoxicity of calcium-silicate cements and an experimental resin-modified glass ionomer cement containing bioactive glass.","authors":"Wisitsin Potiprapanpong, Parichart Naruphontjirakul, Naruporn Monmaturapoj, Siriporn Tanodekaew, Somruethai Channasanon, Arnit Toneluck, Somying Patntirapong, Piyaphong Panpisut","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.45796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2340/biid.v13.45796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Resin-modified glass ionomer cements (RMGICs) exhibit lower remineralising potential than calcium-silicate (Ca-Si) cements. This study aimed to prepare an experimental RMGIC incorporating Sr/F-bioactive glass nanoparticles (EXP) to enhance remineralisation on demineralised dentine. The experimental material was compared with commercial Ca-Si cements (RetroMTA [MTA], Biodentine [BDT], Theracal LC [TC]) and a commercial RMGIC (Vitrebond [VB]).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Demineralised dentine specimens were attached to discs of each material and immersed in simulated body fluid for up to 4 weeks. Mineral precipitation was assessed using an Attenuated Total Reflection - Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses. Remineralisation was quantified as the mineral-to-collagen ratio, calculated from the phosphate FTIR peak height at 1024 cm^-1 relative to the amide I peak at 1636 cm^-1 (<i>n</i> = 5). Changes in pH and elemental release (Na, Al, Si, P, Ca and Sr) from materials immersed in deionised water over 4 weeks were also evaluated (<i>n</i> = 3). Indirect cytotoxicity of material extracts on human dental pulp stem cells was assessed using the 3-(4,5 dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-di-phenyltetrazolium bromide assay (MTT) assay (n=4). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest increase in the mineral-to-collagen ratio was observed with MTA (78%), which was significantly higher than that of VB (-28%) and EXP (-33%). Scanning electron microscopy analysis demonstrated mineral precipitation with MTA, BDT and TC but not with VB or EXP. Additionally, MTA, BDT and TC produced the highest alkalinisation of the storage solution (pH~12). EXP exhibited the release of multiple ions (Na, Al, Si, P, Ca and Sr). Although MTA showed the highest cell viability, all materials demonstrated cell viability exceeding 70%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The experimental RMGIC containing Sr/F-bioactive glass nanoparticles exhibited inferior remineralising potential compared with Ca-Si cements. However, it promoted the release of multiple essential ions.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"45796"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13139827/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147846533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of long soaking in Kawa Daun beverage on discoloration of nanofilled composite resin.","authors":"Deli Mona, Syifa Mahdiyah","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.45575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2340/biid.v13.45575","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated the effect of prolonged soaking in the Kawa Daun beverage on the discoloration of nanofilled composite resin.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Thirty disk-shaped specimens (6 mm diameter, 2 mm thickness) of nanofilled composite resin were prepared and divided into six groups. The samples were soaked in Kawa Daun solution, Robusta coffee solution, and artificial saliva for 6 and 18 hours at 37°C. Color measurements were taken before and after soaking using a Colorflex EZ spectrophotometer, and ΔE values were calculated. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance and post-hoc tests (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant color changes were observed among the groups (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Soaking in Kawa Daun and Robusta coffee solutions produced significantly greater discoloration than artificial saliva, with increased ΔE values corresponding to longer soaking times.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prolonged exposure to Kawa Daun beverage caused measurable discoloration of nanofilled composite resin, likely due to pigment and acid content that degrade the resin matrix. These findings highlight the importance of patient education regarding the esthetic effects of traditional acidic and pigmented beverages on dental restorations.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"45575"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13135278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147824160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of maturation time and adhesive system on the shear bond strength and failure modes of Biodentine™ bonded with resin composite and glass ionomer cement.","authors":"Wichida Chaweewannakorn, Kittichot Saetae, Achirawat Wattakul, Suprawee Ngamjantratip, Pathida Pornraksamanee, Nirada Dhanesuan, Narinee Chinajitphan, Kwanchanok Youchareon","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.45898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2340/biid.v13.45898","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed (1) to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) and failure modes of Biodentine™ (BD) specimens bonded with resin composite (RC) or high-viscosity glass ionomer cement (HVGIC) at different maturation times and (2) to compare the SBS of BD bonded with RC using different adhesive systems.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Part I: A total of 120 BD specimens were bonded with either RC or HVGIC (<i>n</i> = 60 each), then divided into four groups (<i>n</i> = 15 each) based on BD maturation time: 12 min, 24 h, 48 h, and 1 week. Part 2: A total of 45 BD specimens matured for 24 h were bonded with RC using 3 adhesives (<i>n</i> = 15 each): (1) Single Bond Universal (SU) with self-etched technique (SU-SE), (2) Adper Single Bond 2 adhesive with etch and rinse technique (AS-ER), and (3) SU adhesive with etch-and-rinse technique (SU-ER). All specimens underwent pH cycling and thermocycling. SBS was measured using a universal testing machine, and failure modes were examined under a stereomicroscope.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BD bonded with RC showed significantly higher SBS than BD bonded with HVGIC at all BD maturation times (<i>p</i> < 0.05). No significant SBS differences were found within RC groups, except between the 24-h and 1-week. Cohesive failure predominated in RC specimens (70%), whereas adhesive failure prevailed in HVGIC specimens (71.7%). SU-ER had significantly higher SBS than SU-SE or AS-ER (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BD bonded with RC demonstrated higher SBS than BD bonded with HVGIC. The failure mode in the RC group was predominantly cohesive, whereas in the HVGIC group, it was primarily adhesive. These findings support the clinical applicability of immediate definitive RC placement over BD using a methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate-containing adhesive with an etch-and-rinse strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"45898"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13130177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147824259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acrylic-based occlusal device materials - the influence of manufacturing techniques on material properties and the propensity for biofilm formation.","authors":"Ketil H Haugli, Jan Tore Samuelsen, Vigdis Aas, Inger S Dragland, Colin Charnock","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.45909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2340/biid.v13.45909","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The material composition, manufacturing system, and post-processing steps used to fabricate acrylic-based occlusal devices may affect their clinical performance. This study aims to assess how manufacturing techniques and post-processing treatments influence the material properties of acrylic-based occlusal devices and the propensity of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> to form biofilms on the surfaces.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Based on applied manufacturing technique and post-processing treatment, disc‑shaped specimens were manufactured using four 3D printing workflows (Splint 2.0‑Asiga Flash/Otoflash (OF), and LT Clear‑Form Cure/OF), one milling workflow (Therapon), and one autopolymerization workflow (PalaXtreme). Water sorption and solubility, surface free energy (SFE), average surface roughness, and Vickers hardness were tested across these workflows. The ATCC 700610 <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> strain served as a model for biofilm formation on the material surfaces. Two biofilm methods were employed: a 24-hour bioreactor approach and a 72-hour culture plate approach. Biofilm was quantified as colony-forming units per cm².</p><p><strong>Results and conclusion: </strong>The Therapon and PalaXtreme workflows exhibited the lowest solubility, suggesting that these materials have the lowest release of material components in water. The Splint 2.0 workflows exhibited the lowest water sorption, indicating enhanced material integrity in humid conditions. Therapon showed the highest Vickers hardness, followed by PalaXtreme. The lower hardness of the print materials may make them susceptible to wear, which may not be optimal for treating patients with bruxism. No significant differences in SFE were observed between workflows. Low roughness values across all workflows indicate good polishability, which can enhance resistance to bacterial adhesion. In the 72-hour biofilm experiment, the Therapon workflow exhibited the most biofilm formation on material surfaces while PalaXtreme showed the least (<i>p</i> < 0.05). No significant differences between workflow groups were shown in the 24-hour biofilm experiment.In summary, material properties are influenced by material chemistry, manufacturing method, and associated post-processing treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"45909"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13127246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147824151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food dye staining of dental composites: material variability and mouthwash-induced staining reversibility.","authors":"Burçin Deniz, Osman Tolga Harorlı","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.45823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2340/biid.v13.45823","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Food dyes, widely used in consumables, may interact with polymeric materials, yet their staining effects on resin based dental composites remain underexplored. This <i>in vitro</i> study investigates the staining potential of five common water-soluble food dyes on contemporary dental composites and evaluates the efficacy of Listerine Advanced White mouthwash in reversing discolouration, using both colour difference and whiteness-based analyses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five synthetic dyes - Tartrazine, Sunset Yellow, Ponceau 4R, Carmoisine, and Brilliant Blue - were tested on six resin composites: Charisma Smart, Estelite ∑ Quick, Filtek One Bulkfill, RubyFlow, Spectra SphereTEC High Viscosity (STHV), and Filtek Ultimate. Sixty disk-shaped samples (7 mm × 2 mm) per composite (<i>N</i> = 360) were immersed in dye solutions (50 mg/L) or distilled water (control) for 7 days. Colour changes were evaluated using the CIEDE2000 colour difference formula (ΔE₀₀) and the dental whiteness index (WI_D), calculated from Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage L*a*b* color space (CIELAB) coordinates obtained with a spectrophotometer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Brilliant Blue exhibited the highest staining potential, producing ΔE₀₀ values exceeding the clinically unacceptable threshold (1.8) in all composites except Spectra STHV, and was also associated with the greatest changes in WI_D values. Other dyes caused variable and generally less pronounced changes in both ΔE₀₀ and WI_D. The whitening mouthwash partially reversed discolouration, reflected by significant increases in WI_D and reductions in ΔE₀₀, with significant recovery observed in Estelite, RubyFlow, and Filtek One (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Analysis of variance revealed significant effects of dye type, composite material, and treatment on both ΔE₀₀ and WI_D outcomes (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The colour stability and whiteness of dental resin composites are affected by synthetic food dyes in a material- and dye-dependent manner. Whitening mouthwash can partially restore both colour difference and whiteness; however, complete recovery to baseline values is generally not achieved.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"45823"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13130175/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147824273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of artificial aging on the color stability and translucency of ceramic laminate veneers using different glass and hybrid ceramic materials.","authors":"Ahmed Shams, Nesma Elgohary","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.45798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2340/biid.v13.45798","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The color stability and translucency of contemporary Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) glass and hybrid ceramic materials used for minimally invasive laminate veneers remain a clinical concern, particularly after exposure to aging conditions simulating oral service. The purpose of this <i>in vitro</i> study was to investigate the influence of accelerated artificial aging on the color stability and translucency of ceramic laminate veneers fabricated from different glass and hybrid ceramic materials.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 40 composite resin discs (A2 dentin shade, 8.0 mm diameter × 4.0 mm thickness) were fabricated to simulate the normal dentin substrate. They were randomly assigned to four groups (<i>n</i> = 10) according to the ceramic veneering material: (EC) IPS e.max CAD, (CT) Cerec Tessera, (VE) Vita Enamic, and (CS) Cerasmart. Then, 40 disc-shaped ceramic veneers (0.5 mm thickness) were fabricated and adhesively cemented to the substrates. Baseline color and translucency parameters were measured using a digital spectrophotometer. After artificial thermomechanical aging, color differences (ΔE00), using the CIEDE2000 formula and translucency parameter (TP) were calculated. The resulting data were statistically analysed using repeated-measures two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test (material × aging), followed by Post hoc Tukey test for multiple-group comparisons and Paired <i>t</i>-test for within-group comparisons, at <i>p</i>-value ≤ 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Artificial aging significantly affected color stability and translucency for all tested materials (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Glass ceramics (EC and CT) demonstrated lower ΔE₀₀ values within clinically acceptable limits, whereas hybrid ceramics (VE and CS), particularly CS, exhibited significantly higher color changes exceeding acceptability threshold. Translucency significantly decreased after aging for all materials (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Artificial thermomechanical aging adversely affected the optical properties of all tested ceramic laminate veneers. The hybrid ceramic materials, particularly CS, were the most affected by aging in terms of color stability, whereas the glass ceramic materials (EC and CT) exhibited superior color stability. A reduction in translucency was observed for all materials after aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"45798"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13123241/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic approaches to endodontic regeneration.","authors":"Samiya Riaz, Asmak Binti Abdul Samat, Muhammad Amber Fareed, Muhammad Sohail Zafar","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.45704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2340/biid.v13.45704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Regenerative endodontics (REs) has redefined the management of immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulps by shifting the objective from simple disinfection to biologically driven root maturation and restoration of the dentine-pulp complex. A critical component of this process is the selection of intracanal medicaments that can effectively eliminate microbial infection while preserving the viability of stem cells required for regeneration. This narrative review evaluates the biological and antimicrobial performance of commonly used medicaments, particularly calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) and triple antibiotic paste (TAP), and discusses their role in RE procedures. A literature search was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles published between January 2000 and March 2025. Although Ca(OH)₂ remains widely used due to its antimicrobial properties and ability to promote hard tissue formation, concerns remain regarding its high alkalinity and potential adverse effects on stem cell survival. TAP, in contrast, appears to provide a more supportive environment for dental pulp stem cell proliferation and attachment but is associated with drawbacks such as tooth discoloration and antibiotic-related limitations. Emerging alternatives, including double antibiotic paste (DAP) and nano-modified calcium hydroxide formulations, aim to improve the balance between antimicrobial efficacy and biocompatibility. Overall, current evidence emphasizes the importance of optimizing medicament concentration and duration of application to enhance the predictability and long-term success of RE therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"45704"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13123465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of the remineralisation potential of biomimetic agents on phosphorylated dentine using SEM-EDX analysis: an in vitro study.","authors":"Maruthi Gupta, Annapoorna B M, Pravallika Chaluvadi, Rama Laxmi Koruprolu, Nikita Sebastian, Ram Sateesh Babu Mynam","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.45797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2340/biid.v13.45797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dentine remineralisation remains a clinical challenge due to its higher critical pH and complex organic matrix. Biomimetic strategies that replicate the role of non-collagenous proteins through phosphorylation have shown promise in promoting intrafibrillar mineralisation. Sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) has been proposed as a phosphorylating agent capable of enhancing dentine remineralisation. This in vitro study aimed to comparatively evaluate the remineralisation potential of different biomimetic agents on artificially demineralised dentine using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>An in vitro study was conducted using 70 extracted human permanent teeth, which were sectioned to obtain coronal dentine discs. Baseline mineral content and surface morphology were assessed using SEM and EDX. Samples were subjected to pH cycling to induce demineralisation and randomly assigned to four groups: Group A - theobromine, Group B - Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), Group C - Novamin and Group D - Artificial saliva. Each group was further subdivided based on STPP application (<i>n</i> = 10). Remineralisation protocols were carried out for 7 and 21 days, followed by SEM and EDX evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All specimens demonstrated significant mineral loss following demineralisation. Experimental groups showed progressive remineralisation over time compared to the control. STPP-treated subgroups exhibited greater mineral deposition and improved surface morphology. Among the tested agents, CPP-ACP combined with STPP demonstrated the highest calcium and phosphorus content, with EDX values exceeding baseline reference levels at 21 days. CPP-ACP + STPP showed significantly higher remineralisation compared to Novamin, theobromine, and the control groups at days 7 and 21 (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Phosphorylation of dentine using STPP enhances the remineralisation efficacy of biomimetic agents. CPP-ACP in combination with STPP showed superior remineralisation potential. These findings support the use of phosphorylating biomaterials as promising strategies for dentine remineralisation. However, the findings are limited by the in vitro design and require clinical validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"45797"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13112520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TheraCal LC versus Mineral Trioxide Aggregate for full pulpotomy in cariously exposed mature permanent molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Vignesh Ravi, Ritu Namdev, Ruchi Singhal, Madhur Sharma, Charu Dayma, Asha Rani","doi":"10.2340/biid.v13.45702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2340/biid.v13.45702","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Preserving pulp vitality is crucial for long-term tooth survival. Pulpotomy, which involves the removal of infected pulp while retaining healthy pulp, helps maintain tooth vitality and function. Although TheraCal LC has shown success as a pulp-capping agent, its use in pulpotomy remains unexplored. This study compared the clinical and radiographic success of TheraCal LC and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in full pulpotomy of mature permanent molars in young patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this double-blinded, parallel, non-inferiority randomized controlled trial, 72 healthy children (aged 9-14, mean age = 11.72 ± 1.35 years) with cariously exposed mature permanent molars diagnosed with SIP were randomly assigned to receive either TheraCal LC or MTA (<i>n</i> = 36 each). Follow-ups were conducted up to 12 months. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U, Chi-square, and Kaplan-Meier tests (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 12 months, MTA showed significantly higher success (ITT - Intention to Treat: 94.4%, PP - Per Protocol: 100%) compared to TheraCal LC (ITT: 75%, PP: 79.4%) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Seven failures occurred in the TheraCal LC group; none in the MTA group. Two patients in each group were lost to follow-up. Pain scores were significantly lower in the MTA group on days 1, 3, and 5 (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MTA demonstrated superior outcomes over TheraCal LC for full pulpotomy in young, mature permanent molars with SIP.</p><p><strong>Statement of clinical relevance: </strong>The use of MTA in pulpotomy procedures for mature permanent molars with SIP results in enhanced clinical success rates when compared to TheraCal LC, offering valuable insight for evidence-based treatment planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":72378,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterial investigations in dentistry","volume":"13 ","pages":"45702"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13112521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147790589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}